December  26,  i90i.  JOURN AL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
589 
STRIKING  AND  STOPPING  MADAME  DESGRANGE 
CHRYSANTHEMUM  FOR  FLOWERING  THE  THIRD 
WEEK  IN  SEPTEMBER  (W.  B.).— The  cuttings  should  be 
struck  in  December,  or  not  later  than  January,  and  the  plants 
stopped  for  the  last  time  at  the  beginning  of  June,  though  it  is 
better  to  stop  some  plants  about  a  fortnight  later,  it  not  being 
wise  to  depend  entirely  on  individual  plants  when  the  blooms  are 
required  for  exhibition,  and  it  is  also  necessary  to  retard  the 
bloom  in  an  early  season  by  placing  in  a  south  aspect,  or  in  a 
late  one  on  a  south  warm  exposure,  so  as  to  have  flowers  at  the 
time  desired. 
NAMES  OF  FRUIT. — Correspondents  whose  queries  are  un¬ 
answered  in  the  present  issue  ure  respectfully  requested  to  consult  the 
following  number.  (Somerset). — The  larger  Apple  is  Kentish  Pippin, 
as  you  suggest ;  the  smaller  one  is  the  variety  Colonel  Vaughan. 
NAMES  OF  PLANTS. —  Correspondents  whose  queries  are  un¬ 
answered  in  the  present  issue  are  respectfully  requested  to  consult  the 
following  number.  (H.  F.).— Chimonanthus  fragrans,  about  which 
we  had  a  note  recently.  (F.  S.). — 1,  Adiantum  hirtum  ;  2,  Pteris 
argyraea :  3.  Pteris  Bausei.  (N.  N.). — 1,  Codiseum  (Croton)  Reedi ; 
2,  Toxicophltea  spectabilis  ;  3,  Calathea  zebrina.  (Grower). — 1, 
Euphorbia  jaequiniaeflora ;  2,  E.  splendens  ;  3,  Cypripedium  Curtisi; 
4,  Cattleya  citrina,  flowering  late.  (B.).  —  1,  Begonia  nitida  ;  2, 
B.  fuchsioides  ;  3,  B.  manicata. 
Covent  Garden  Market.— December  23rd. 
Average  Wholesale  Prices.— Cut  Blowers 
Arums,  doz . 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bnch. 
Bouvardia,  white, 
doz.  bunches . 
Bouvardia,  coloured, 
doz.  bunches . 
Camellias,  white . 
Carnations,  12  blooms 
Cattleyas,  doz . 
Chrysanthemums, 
specimen  blooms, 
doz . 
,,  white,  doz.  bnchs. 
, ,  coloured,  doz.  bnchs 
CypUpediums,  doz.  ... 
Eucharis,  doz . 
Gardenias,  doz . 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
bnchs . 
Hyacinth,  Roman, 
doz.  bunches . 
Liliumlancifolium  alb. 
s.  d. 
s. 
d 
s.  d. 
s.  d 
6  0  to  8  0 
Lilium  1.  rubrum 
2  0  to  2  6 
1  0 
2 
0 
Lilium  longiflorum  ... 
5  0 
8  0 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12 
6  0 
8 
0 
bnchs  . 
12  0 
24  0 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz. 
6  0 
8 
0 
bnchs . 
6  0 
8  0 
3  6 
0 
0 
Marguerites,  white, 
1  3 
1 
9 
doz.  bnchs . 
2  0 
4  0 
8  0 
12 
0 
,,  yellow,  doz.  bnchs. 
0  6 
1  0 
Odontoglossums . 
5  0 
6  0 
Primula,  double  white, 
1  0 
4 
0 
doz.  bunches . 
6  0 
8  0 
4  0 
8 
0 
Roses,  Niphetos,  white, 
3  0 
8 
0 
doz . 
1  0 
3  0 
3  0 
4 
0 
,,  pink,  doz . 
4  0 
6  0 
6  0 
8 
0 
,,  yellow,  doz.  (Perles) 
2  0 
3  0 
6  0 
0 
0 
,,  red,  doz . 
0  0 
0  0 
Smilax,  bnch  . 
2  6 
3  0 
9  0 
12 
0 
Stephanotis,  doz. 
0  0 
0  0 
Tuberoses,  gross . 
6  0 
0  0 
8  0 
9 
0 
Violets,  single,  doz  ... 
1  6 
2  6 
2  0 
2  6 
,,  double,  doz . 
3  0 
4  0 
Average  Wholesale  Prices.— Plants  in  Pots. 
s.  d. 
s.  d 
Aralias,  doz . 
5  0tol2  0 
Araucaria,  doz . 
12  0 
30  0 
Aspidistra,  doz . 
18  0 
36  0 
Chrysanthemums,  doz. 
0  0 
0  0 
Crotons,  doz . 
18  0 
30  0 
Cyclamen,  doz . 
10  0 
12  0 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz.  ... 
12  0 
30  0 
Dracaena,  viridis,  doz. 
9  0 
18  0 
Erica  gracilis,  doz.  ... 
10  0 
12  0 
„  caffra,  doz . 
15  0 
18  0 
„  hyemalis 
9  0 
15  0 
„  ,,  alba . 
12  0 
18  0 
s.  d. 
s.  d 
Ferns,  var,  doz . 
4  0tol8  0 
Ferns,  small,  100 . 
10  0 
16  0 
Ficus  elastica,  doz.  ... 
9  0 
12  0 
Foliage  plants,  var,  each 
1  0 
5  0 
Lycopodiums,  doz.  ... 
3  0 
0  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz. 
8  0 
10  0 
Myrtles,  doz . 
6  0 
9  0 
Palms,  in  var.,  doz.  ... 
15  0 
30  0 
,,  specimens 
21  0 
63  0 
Primulas  . 
3  0 
4  0 
Shrubs,  in  pots  . 
4  0 
6  0 
Solanums  . 
8  0 
12  0 
Average  Who’esale  Prices.— Fruit. 
Live  Stock  Journal  Almanac,  1902. 
There  comes  once  more  the  old  “hardy  annual,”  and  we 
accord  it  a  hearty  greeting.  If  say,  thirty  years  ago,  we 
had  met  with  such  a  copy  as  is  to-day  presented  to  our 
notice,  we  feel  sure  that  one  of  the  first  steps  wTould  have 
been  to  remove  some  of  the  plates  for  framing — we  mean 
those  early  on  in  the  book,  the  “  Gee-Gees.”  We  don’t  care 
quite  so  much  about  the  homed  stock,  sheep,  and  pigs,  but 
we  do  love  a  good  horse,  and  it  is  a  pleasure  to  see  one,  of 
whatever  breed,  well  drawn.  We  know  all  horse  delineators 
are  not  Herrings,  but  we  do  acknowledge  that  the  horse  finds 
some  true  lovers  who  really  know  how  to  place  on  canvas 
his  beautifully  proportioned  frame. 
The  horse  covers  so  much  ground  (no  do’uble  meaning). 
We  have  big  and  little,  the  grand  Shire  and  the  tiny  Shet¬ 
land  ;  the  pure-bred  racehorse,  as  fine  as  fine  can  be  ;  and 
the  equally  pure  but  thick-set  Suffolk.  Ponies,  too,  appear 
as  diverse  in  their  breeds  as  do  the  other  classes,  and  each 
class  has  its  own  votaries,  unless  we  except  Sir  Walter 
Gilbey,  who  appears  to  hold  a  brief  for  all  and  each.  One 
has  only  to  read  the  Almanac  to  see  how  money  can  be  and 
is  made  out  of  well-directed  horse-breeding  in  any  branch. 
But — and  it  is  a  great  “  but  ”— no  book  ever  published  yet 
will  alone  teach  a  man  how  to  succeed  as  a  breeder.  We 
think  it  is  Mr.  Muntz  who  says  a  breeder  requires  (to  do  or 
be  anything)  a  little  money  and  a  great  deal  of  intelligence, 
and  a  sure  belief  in  himself,  we  would  add.  All  classes  are 
bred  by  farmers,  and  we  think,  taking  farmers  as  an  aggre¬ 
gate,  they  are  safest  when  posing  as  breeders  of  heavy 
horses.  The  reason  is  obvious,  and  we  are  quoting  from 
a  list  of  opinions  that  are  gathered  together  in  this  book. 
Some  of  the  writers  are  known  to  us  personally,  and  we 
say  “  hear,  hear,”  to  their  very  practical  suggestions.  One 
breeder  says :  “  It  is  from  the  farms  we  must  look  for  the 
best  horses.  They  are  the  proper  breeding  places,  not  the 
big  studs.”  We  think,  ourselves,  there  is  less  mortality 
among  the  farmer’s  stock,  but,  alas !  we  have  seen  great 
loss  both  in  the  studs  and  on  the  farms. 
The  same  writer  puts  his  finger  on  a  weak  place — i.e., 
lack  of  interest  shown  by  the  foreman  and  waggoners.  We 
know  for  a  fact  that  some  foremen  and  some  waggoners  not 
only  do  not  like  breeding  mares,  but  go  so  far  as  to  defeat 
the  best  intentions  of  their  masters.  Then,  again,  many  a 
foal  is  lost,  and  mare  often  too,  from  unsuitable  work  during 
the  months  of  pregnancy.  Work  is  the  finest  thing  in  the 
world  for  a  mare  in  foal,  but  she  won’t  bear  “  ramming  ” 
about  and  abusing.  On  some  farms  the  great  object  in  view 
is  to  get  the  work  done  ;  never  mind  the  ultimate  fate  of  the 
tools. 
s.  d. 
s.  d 
s.  d. 
s.  d 
Apples,  cooking,  bush. 
6  0  to  8  0 
Lemons,  Mesena,  case  12  0tol6  0 
,,  dessert  . 
8  0 
20  0 
Oranges,  per  case  ...  4  0 
16  0 
Bananas . 
8  0 
12  0 
Pears,  English,  £  sieve  0  0 
0  0 
Figs,  green,  doz . 
0  0 
0  0 
Pears,  French,  crate...  9  0 
12  0 
Grapes,  Alicante,  lb. ... 
1  0 
1  6 
Pines,  St.  Michael’s, 
,,  Colman . 
1  0 
1  6 
each .  2  6 
4  6 
,,  Hamburgh  ... 
0  0 
0  0 
Plums,  £  sieve  .  0  0 
0  0 
,,  Muscat  . 
2  6 
3  6 
Walnuts,  £  sieve .  0  0 
0  0 
Average  Wholesale  Prices.— Vegetables. 
s.  d. 
s.  d 
s.  d. 
s.  d 
Artichokes,  green,  doz. 
2  0  to3  0 
Leeks,  bunch  ...  ...  0  litoO  2 
,,  Jerusalem,  sieve 
1  6 
0  0 
Lettuce,  Cabbage,  doz  1  0 
1  3 
Batavia,  doz . 
2  0 
0  0 
Mushrooms,  forced,  lb.  0  8 
0  9 
Beans,  French,  per  lb. 
0  8 
0  9 
Mustard  &  Cress,  pnnt.  0  2 
0  0 
Beet,  red,  doz . 
0  6 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs  ...  2  0 
3  0 
Brussels  Sprouts,  £  sieve 
2  0 
3  0 
Potatoes,  English,  cwt.  4  0 
5  0 
Cabbages,  tally  . 
1  6 
3  0 
Radishes,  doz .  1  6 
0  0 
Carrots,  doz.  bnch. 
2  0 
2  6 
Seakale  .  1  0 
1  3 
Cauliflower,  doz. 
3  0 
0  0 
Shallots,  lb .  0  2 
0  3 
Corn  Salad,  strike 
1  0 
1  3 
Spinach,  bush .  2  0 
3  0 
Cucumbers,  doz . 
6  0 
0  0 
Tomatoes.  Canary  con¬ 
Endive,  doz . 
1  0 
1  3 
signment  .  4  0 
5  0 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0  2 
0  0 
Turnips,  doz.  bnch.  ...  2  0 
3  0 
Horseradish,  bunch  ... 
1  6 
0  0 
Watercress,  doz .  0  6 
0  8 
All  the  writers  fully  concur  in  saying  that  there  is  a  most 
appreciable  improvement  in  Shires  throughout  the  country. 
The  demand  for  both  home  and  foreign  is  increasing,  and 
there  is  much  money  in  it.  One  factor  in  the  improvement 
is  the  multiplication  of  clubs  for  the  hire  or  purchase  of 
good,  sound  sires  ;  and  the  great  London  Show  has  given  an 
impetus  to  the  smaller  exhibitors  now  to  be  found  so  widely 
scattered  over  the  country.  One  club  mentioned  did  not 
hesitate  to  plank  down  £l,000  for  the  hire  of  a  sire  for  the 
season.  These  men  had  the  courage  of  their  opinions. 
Farmers  are  advised  to  sell  their  foals,  thus  saving  them¬ 
selves  future  risk  and  expense,  and  we  should  advocate  this 
on  those  farms  where  good  stock  can  be  bred,  but  not  so 
easily  reared.  It  is  not  all  land  that  is  calculated  to  grow 
great,  good  town  horses.  Professor  Axe  contributes  a  use¬ 
ful  paper  on  some  of  the  habits  and  vices  of  horses.  Some 
vices  appear  inherent,  others  again  are  the  result  of  in¬ 
judicious  management.  We  spoke  in  the  spring  on  the 
value  of  the  example  of  good  farming  set  us  in  the  highest 
quarters,  and  we  agree  with  all  Sir  Richard  Green  Price 
*  Vinton  &  Co.,  New  Bridge  Street.  Price  Is. 
