January  2n,  1899. 
JOURXAL  OF  HORTICUL'^'URE  AND 
COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
50 
FINEST  SELECTED  STRAINS 
^OF  TESTED  GR0WTH«3 
BARR’S  SEED  GUIDE  FOR  1899 
IS  PffO'W-  HEADY, 
And  will  he  Forwarded  Free  on  Applieation. 
BARR’S  SBBD  GUIDE  contain?  a  Select  List  of  the 
best  Ve;ietaV)le  Seeds  and  most  beautiful  Flower  Seeds.  It 
is  full  of  Practical  Hints,  and  M  ill  be  found  invaluable 
to  Gardeners,  Amateurs,  and  Exhibitors.  Sent  free  on 
APPLIC.4TION. 
BARR’S  21  -  COLLECTION  OF  VEGETABLE 
SEEDS  contains  a  liberal  assortment  of  the  following- 
useful  vegetables  :  Beans  (Broad  and  French  Beans),  Beet, 
Borecole,  Broccoli,  Brussels  Sprouts,  Gabbage,  Capsicum. 
Carrot,  CaulitloM-er,  Celery,  Coleu-ort,  Corn  Salad, 
Cucumber,  Cress,  Endive,  Herbs,  Leek,  Lettuce,  Melon, 
Mustard,  Onions,  Parsley,  Parsnips,  Peas,  Radish,  Salsifv. 
Savoy  Cabbage,  Scorzonera,  Spinach,  Tomato,  Turnip,  and 
Vegetable  Marrow. 
Other  Collections  of_  Barr’s  Vege’able  Seeds,  5/6,  7  6, 
12  6,  42  -,  63  -  and  103  -.  The-e  V'^lli'clijns  sent  rarriape  paid 
on  receipt  of  remittance.  Full  particulars  on  application. 
BARR’S  CHOICE  FLOWER  SEEDS. — Our  Catalogue 
contains  a  Select  List  of  all  the  most  beautiful  Annuals  and 
I'erennials.  Special  Collections  for  all  purposes,  and  many 
Sterling  Novelties. 
All  Seeds  sent  Carriage  Paid  on  receipt  of  remittance. 
NOVELTIES 
RAISED  AT 
WINDSOR  AND  OSBORNE. 
It  is  Messrs.  CARTERS’  privilege  to 
offer  the  following  new  and  choice 
productions  to  the  notice  of  gardeners 
and  private  cultivators. 
BRITISH  QUEEN  MELON. 
Raised  and  name  1  by  Mr.  Om’en  Thomas,  Suiit.  of 
the  Royal  Gardens,  Windsor.  Awarded  the  First- 
Class  Certificate  R.H.S.  Pronounced  by  the  Com¬ 
mittee  to  be  not  only  the  very  best  white-llesh 
melon  ever  submitted,  but  the  licbest  flavoured  of 
any  colour.  A-warded  the  Gold  Medal  of  the  Royal 
Caledonian  Society  in  association  with  other  fiiiit 
exhibited  by  H.M.  The  Queen. 
In  sealed  packets,  price  2  6  and  3  6  each,  post  free. 
ROYAL  OSBORNE  CUCUMBER. 
A  valuable  cross  between  the  Rochford  and  an  im- 
inoved  type  of  Telegraph,  raised  and  named  by  Mr. 
George  Nobbs,  Head  Gardener  to  H.M.  the.  Queen 
at  Osborne.  In  our  opinion  it  is  one  of  tlie  best  all 
the  year  round  varieties  introduced  in  recent  years. 
In  sealed  packets,  price  2  6  &  3  6  each,  post  free. 
ILLVSTP.iTED  CAr.iLOGVES,  POST  FBEE 
WE  HOLD  THE  ENTIRE  STOCK  OF  SEEDS 
CF  THESE  TWO  NOVELTIES. 
BARR  8o  SONS, 
12  &  13  King  Street,  Covent  Carden,  London 
Nurseries  :  LONG  DITTON,  SURREY 
(Surbiton  Station,  ,S.W.  Railway). 
GUINEA  COLLECTION 
OF 
VEGETABLE  SEEDS 
CONTAINS— 
16  Pints  Peas  (including 
Al,  Marro-wfat,  and 
Late  Queen) 
6  Pints  Broad  Beans 
2  Pints  Dwarf  French 
Beans 
1  Pint  Scarlet  Runner 
1  Packet  Asparagus 
2  Pkts.  Beet 
2  ,,  Borecole 
3  ,,  Broccoli 
2  ,,  Brussels  Sprouts 
3  ,,  Cabbage 
1  ,,  Capsicum 
4  ozs.  Carrot 
2  Pkts.  Cauliflower 
2  ,,  Celery 
1  ,,  Couve  Tronebnda 
4  ozs.  Cress 
3  Pkts.  Cucumber 
2  ,,  Egg  Plant 
For  other  Collecticus  from  10 
Orders  for  Vegetable  Seed 
r.-irriage 
Orders  for  Flower  Seeds  of  ( 
2  Pkts.  Endive 
1  ,,  Gourds 
1  ,,  Kohl  Rabi 
2  ,,  Leek 
3  ,,  Cabbage  Lettuce 
2  ,,  Cos  Lettuce 
2  ,,  Melon 
6  ozs.  Mustard 
4  ,,  Onion 
2  Pkts.  Parsley 
2  ozs.  Parsnip 
4  ,,  Radish 
1  Packet  Salsafy 
2  Pkts.  Savoy  Cabbage 
2  ,,  Scorzonera 
6  ozs.  Spinach 
6  Pkts.  Herbs 
2  ,,  Tomato 
4  ozs.  Turnip 
1  Packet  Vegetable  Mar¬ 
row 
to  100/-  see  our  Seed  List 
3  of  20/-  and  upivards  sent 
!  Paid. 
t and  upwards  free  by  Po.st. 
LIST  will  be  sent  post  free  on  application  to  their 
Offioesat  OVERVEEN,  nr.  H.A.ARLEM,  HOLLAND, 
or  to  their  General  Agents, 
Messrs.  MERTENS  &  CO., 
3,  CROSS  Z.AN&,  ZiON’DOM',  E.C. 
CARTERS, 
Ubc  Queen's  Seebsmen. 
Only  Address — 
237,  238  &  97,  HiCLi  HOLBORN,  LOj^DON. 
The  32n(l  Edition  is  Now  Ready. 
200  Pages.  150  Illustrations. 
PRICE  SIXPENCE,  POST  FREE. 
(By  Parcel  Post— it  is  so  large). 
LYEHY  AMATEUR  SHOULD  POSSESS  A  COPY. 
An  Abridged  Edition  of  our  Catalogue  can  be 
HAD  IREE  on  Application. 
CHRYSANTHEMUMS. 
Our  Stock  is  perfectly  clean.  We  never  had 
Rust  or  Disease  In  our  Collection.  Cuttings 
from  1/10  per  dozen. 
SWEET  PEAS. 
All  Standard  Named  varieties  are  offered 
per  J-:z.  Packet.  From  3d.  per  Packet. 
SEED  POTATOES. 
These  are  quoted  in  email  lots,  and  Camas  e 
Free  to  destination. 
DOBBIE  &  Co., 
SEED  GROWERS  AND  FLORISTS  TO  THE  QUEEN, 
No.  STO.— VoL.  XXXVIII.,  Third  Series 
Jampiiil  flf  ^cirtiijultmii’. 
THURSDAY,  .JANUARY  20,  1319. 
THE  JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  can  be  obtained 
from  the  Office,  12,  Mitre  Court  Chambers,  Fleet  M  , 
London,  post  free  for  a  Quarter,  3/9.  Edltortf.! 
communications  must  be  addressed  to  8,  Rose 
Hill  Rd.,  Wandsworth,  9.W. 
LIFE  AND  FOOD, 
TFIE  use  of  t'le  Icrrus  Life  and  Food,  wlien 
applied  to  plants,  implie.3  the  fact  that  vege¬ 
tation  not  only  lives,  but  requires  food  for  its 
sustenance.  The  life  and  appetite  of  a  plant  arc 
simpler,  hut  not  less  peculiar,  than  those  of  au 
animal.  Tlie  mici'oscope  and  chemical  atialj'se.^ 
unfold  to  a  certain  extent  cell  formatiou  and 
development  in  the  character  of  the  substances 
employed  in  building  up  plant  structures,  the  form 
of  mechanism  adopted  in  the  fust  stages  of  growth, 
and  most  of  the  chemical  changes  and  transfoima 
tions  which  occur  in  subsequent  development. 
The  vital  force  of  the  plant  controls  and  guidei 
its  activitie3  so  as  to  make  them  effectual.  By 
this  vital  force,  and  through  the  medium  of  active! 
microscopic  cells,  all  the  changes  that  occur  in 
building  np  plant  structures  and  products  take 
place.  Some  plants  among  the  lower  orders  of 
the  vegetable  kingdom  are  si  limpio  in  structure 
that  their  whole  organism  consists  only  of  a  tingle 
cell.  AU  plants  belonging  to  tho  higher  ordcis 
consist  chiefly  of  globular  or  angular  cells,  and 
all  growing  parts  of  a  plant,  without  excepticn, 
are  aggregations  of  minute  living  cells. 
Upon  closer  observation  we  find  that  the  plants 
of  a  single  cell  consist  simply  of  a  ceil  wall,  which 
is  lined  with  a  smooth  homogeneous  mass,  calhd 
protoplasm,  and  is  filled  with  fluid.  This  simple 
cell,  thus  constituted,  has  been  termed  the  “  work¬ 
shop”  in  which  the  processes  of  growth  and 
development  are  carried  on  ;  and  during  the  seasons 
of  growth  it  is  the  scene  of  intense  activity.  Simple 
and  insignificant  in  size  and  structure,  this  tiny  one¬ 
cell  plant  is  tho  miniature  of  the  massive  tree  or 
shrub  that  overshadows  it.  The  larger  plant  i« 
only  an  aggregation  of  cells  piled  on  cells,  each 
one  of  which  carries  on  the  same  kmd  of  work 
that  is  performed  by  its  tiny  prototype. 
Cell  structure  and  development,  thus  briefly 
described,  is  found  to  be  very  much  the  same  it* 
all  plants,  provided  the  ccdls  arc  young  and  belong 
to  tho  growing  parts.  Plant  cells  show  no 
apertures  under  tho  microscope,  and  yet  they  are 
readily  permeable  to  liquids. 
No.  2C26.— VOL.  C.  OJ.D  8ERIE.3. 
