June  15,  1899. 
483 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE 
llAHLIAS!  DAHLIAS!! 
iJNRIVALLED  COLLECTION 
l  We  are  now  Booking:  Or''ers  for  Immediate  Delivery. 
^f'ipeeial  attention  is  drawn  to  tlie  two  following  beautiful 
;  NEW  CACTUS  VARIETIES  for  1891). 
■M  Early  Orders  are  solicited  as  the  stock  is  limited. 
?^S.  O.  GREENING. — Purple,  shadeil  crimson,  medium 
a.;  sized  flowers,  long  and  twisted  petals  ;  very  free 
flowering;  24  to  3  feet  high.  5/-  each. 
V5YLVIA. — Silvery-lilac  shaded  rose,  splendid  shade  of 
C  colour,  wonderfully  free  blooming,  a  .splendid  flower 
for  cutting,  la.sting  very  long  when  cut ;  flower  stem 
long  and  stiff  ;  4  feet  in  height.  5/-  each. 
T7EW  CaCTUS  SaHIiZaS,  Vars.  of  1898. 
Including  such  sorts  as: — Ar.vchne,  Capstan,  Falka, 
[.SI.AND  Queen, Laveisstock  Beaota’,  RuiiV,  Ac.  2  -  each 
■p'  CaCTTTS  lOaiZIiZas,  General  Collection. 
All  the  leading  varieties.  Our  selection,  5/-  doz. 
-SXNCi:.E  CaCTUS  I>aHI.XaS  (Drew  Type). 
<  Our  selection,  5/-  per  dozen. 
»r>A.H3L.IAS  . — Singles,  Pompons,  Show's,  and 
Fancies,  in  great  variety.  Our  selection,  5, -per  dozen. 
^WARE’S  GOLD  MEDAL  and  1st  PRIZE  STRAIN. 
(If  required  started  into  growth,  an  intimation  .should 
be  given  to  this  effect). 
Single — Mixed,  3/-  per  doz. ;  20/-  per  100. 
,,  To  colour,  51-  doz.  ;  32/-  per  100. 
,,  Extra  choice,  for  Conservatory  or  Exhibition,  Q/- 
and  12/-  per  doz.  ;  65/-  and  75/-  per  100. 
^  ,,  Named  sorts,  splendid  forms  and  colours,  from  1/6 
each.  • 
'Double — Mixed,  5/- per  doz.  :  35/- per  100. 
,,  To  colour,  81-  and  10/-  per  doz.  :  60  -  and  80/-  100. 
,,  Gems  for  Exhibition,  18/-  and  24/-  per  doz. 
,,  To  name,  the  finest  ever  offered,  from  36/- 
per  doz. 
DAHLIA  CATALOGUE,  containing  Illustraiions  of 
many  new  sorts,  and  list  of  varieties  with  full  descrip¬ 
tions,  po.st  free  upon  application. 
N.  B. — All  Orders  amounting  to  20/-  and  upwards  when 
accompanied  by  cash,  are  sent  Carriage  and  Packing  free. 
Tuno  ©  III  «  O r  |_TJ)  H./LE  FARM  NDR.SER1ES, 
SnUOi  Oi  WAKC]  TOTTENHAM,  LONDON. 
OXJTBXJSHt’S 
MILLTRACK  MUSHROOM  SPAWN 
Everyone  can  readily  grow  Mush- 
Tooms,  and  by  using  this  Spawn  will 
ensure  success.  All  growers  speak 
in  the  highest  possible  praise  of  the 
«<(uality.  Numerous  Testimonials. 
None  genuine  unless  in  sealed  pack¬ 
ages,  and  printed  cultural  Directioiu 
-enclosed  with  our  signature  attached. 
Price  6/-  per  Bushel  ;  or  1/-  per 
Cake,  free  per  parcels  post. 
WM.  CUTBUSH  &  SON, 
Nurserymen  &  Seed  Merchants, 
HIGHGATE  NURSERIES,  LONDON,  N.,  &  Barnet,  Herts 
Tlje  Guernsey  Growers’  Association 
'‘YEAR  BOOK,” 
1S9S-90, 
3?MCE  1/-,  FOST  FREE  1/S, 
CONTAINS  THE 
Names  and  Addresses  of  Members. 
Information  of  Freights  of  Fruit,  Flowers,  and 
Vegetables. 
Fruit,  Flowers,  and  Vegetable  Exports,  &c. 
Also  the  following  Papers  read  for  discussion  before  the 
Guernsey  Grow'ers’  As.sociation  : — 
“The  Arum.” 
“Chrysanthemum  Rust.” 
“Nitrification  and  Denitrification.” 
“Tomato  Culture.” 
“Club-Root  Disease.” 
‘  How  to  Succeed  in  Fruit  Growing.” 
“  Guernsey  and  British  Growing  relatively 
considered.”  &c.,  &c. 
PUBLISHED  BY 
THE  GUERNSEY  GROWERS’  ASSOCIATION, 
Office-ST.  JULIAN’S  PIER,  GUERNSEY. 
No.  990.— VoL.  XXXViri  ,  Third  Series. 
NEW  ROSES. 
The  Two  New  Roses  Exhibited  by  WM.  PAUL  &  SON 
at  the  Temple  Show  were— 
TENNYSON  and  CLIMBING  BELLE  SIEBRECHT 
{See  Notices  of  the  Press). 
Plants  of  the  former  c.an  be  supplied  at  10  6  each,  and  of 
the  latter  (one  and  two-year  old),  5/-  to  7/6  each. 
Early  Orders  are  solicited  as  the  stock  is  limited. 
Pauls’  Royal  Nurseries, 
WALTHAM  CROSS,  HERTS. 
HARDY  FRUITS 
A  Prartic.Tl  Treatise  on  tlie.  Planting  and  Management 
of  Orchards.  Selection  of  Varieties,  Pruning  of  Treies, 
Marketing  of  Fruit,  Manuring,  &c.  Also  a  few  notes  eu 
Insect  Pe.sts  and  their  Remedies,  by 
A.  H.  PEARSON,  Chilwell  Nurseries,  NOTTS. 
Price  7d.,  post  free. 
LONDON  FERN  NURSERIES, 
Loughborough  Junction,  London,  S.W.— Ferns,  large 
and  small,  in  variety ;  Aralias,  Grevilleas,  Cyperus,  Ficus, 
Ericas,  Palms,  Dracaenas,  Aspidistras,  Hydrangeas,  Pelar¬ 
goniums,  Fuchsias,  Marguerites,  Crotons,  &c.  Trade, 
send  for  Wholesale  List.  Special  List  for  Amateurs,  send 
for  one.— J.  E.  SMITH. 
rVRCHIDS.  ORCHIDS. 
QUANTITY  IMMENSE. 
INSPECTION  of  OUR  NEW  RANGE  of  HOUSES, 
is  cordially  invited  by 
HUGH  LOW  &  CD 
“SUNPROOF”  Shading. 
An  entirely  new  Glasshouse  Shading,  sold  in  6d.  lib.  tins,  to 
be  washed  on  the  glass  with  cold  water,  as  if  it  were  soap. 
Guaranteed  to  be  one-half  the  price,  and  to  be  the  only 
shading  in  a  solid  state  ready  for  use  without  the  waste  of 
time  and  material  in  being  prepared,  and  to  he  superior  to 
any  other  shading.  Try  it  lor  yourself,  and  if  not  entirely 
satisfactory  your  money  will  he  returned. 
S.M.  TREE  FASTENERS. — The  cheapest  and  best  method 
of  fastening  plants  and  trees  to  walls.  Being  made  of  pure 
soft  lead  and  not  fixed  to  the  nails  (like  paJent  wall  nails, 
which  when  the  nails  get  broken  the  article  is  useless), 
they  may  he  used  with  ordinary  nails  for  a  lifetime. 
Under  2d.  per  dozen. 
S.M.  CLIPS. — To  be  used  in  the  place  of  raffia,  ifec.,  for 
tying  all  plants  to  stakes,  &c.  Fastens  instantly,  and  is 
everla.sting,  so  saves  time,  trouble,  and  expense.  Id.  doz. 
FLOWER  GRIP  HOLDERS. — The  only  self-making  but¬ 
tonhole,  watertight  flower-holder  ever  invented,  and  the 
best  for  show  and  other  niirposes.  Price  6d. ;  ladies’,  9d. 
IVORINE  PLANT  LABELS  of  every  Description,  gua¬ 
ranteed  the  cheapest  Imperishable  Labels,  and  the  wording 
legible  and  permanent.  Samples  free. 
WATERPROOF  INK,  for  writing  on  all  kinds  of 
Labels,  whether  wood  or  metal.  The  only  ink  to  stand 
the  outside  weather.  Price  7d.  Bottle. 
GARDENER’S  FOUNTAIN  FEN,  filled  with  tlie  water¬ 
proof  ink,  1/-. 
Send  for  Illustrated  List,  with  samples,  f^-r  jurlher  particulars 
and  other  articles  of  the 
WESTS  PATENT  GARDEN  SPECIALITIES. 
Gratis,  “ORCHID  CVLTURR,”  per  Post. 
A  Treatise  on  the  Cultivation  of  Orchids,  giving  all  particu¬ 
lars  of  their  requirements,  along  with  our  Catalogue,  &c. 
THE  LEEDS  ORCHID  COMPANY,  EOUNDHAY,  LEEDS. 
Fifth  Edition.  Price  16/- ;  post  free,  16/6. 
THE  FRUIT  MANUAL. 
BY  ROBERT  HOGG,  LL.D.,  E.L.S. 
Containing  Descriptions  and  Synonyms  of  the  Fruits  and 
Fruit  Trees  commonly  met  with  in  the  Gardens  and  Orchards 
of  Great  Britain,  with  selected  lists  of  the  Varieties  most 
worthy  of  cultivation. 
Office  :  12,  Mitre  Court  Chambers,  Fleet  Street,  E.C. 
REENHOUSES  from  £3  5/-;  VINERIES, 
Conservatories,  Frames,  Summer  Houses,  &c. 
Illustrated  List  Free.  Makers  to  H.M.  THE  Queen  and 
H.R.H.  THE  Prince  of  Wales. 
POTTER,  HAWTKOPN  A  CO..  T.ocdon  Works, 
READING.  (Nr’me  Paper.) 
GARDENER, 
THURSDAY,  .JUNE  15,  1899. 
THE  JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  can  be  obtained 
from  the  Office,  12,  Mitre  Court  Chambers  Fleet  St.. 
London,  post  free  for  a  Quarter,  3/9.  Editorial 
communicatlonB  mast  be  addressed  to  8,  Pose 
Hill  Rd.,  Wandsworth,  S.W. 
SOIL  DEPLETION  PY  THE 
GROWTH  OF  FRUIT  TREES. 
The  fruit  grower,  whether  he  produces  for  home 
cousumption  or  for  market,  having  secured 
fruit  trees,  Vines  ami  bushes,  suitable  for  the 
purpose  he  has  in  view,  will  find  it  greatly  to 
his  advantage  to  study  the  food  requirements  of 
the  trees  he  cultivate.^,  not  only  for  the  purpose 
of  adding  to  the  fertility  of  the  soil,  but  in  order 
that  he  may  restore  the  elements  of  plant  food 
extracted  from  it  by  the  crop  grown. 
Horiicultural  and  chemical  science  has  throwm 
much  light  in  recent  years  on  the  question  of 
manures,  and  in  the  research  of  the  requirements 
of  cultivated  plants  in  the  garden,  the  orchard, 
and  the  conservatory,  that  we  are  able  with  a 
degree  of  certainty,  for  every  20s,  spent  in  suitable 
manures,  to  expect  a  remunerative  return  for  the 
outlay. 
Few  soils  can  do  without  manure  of  some  sort 
in  order  to  yield  a  maximum  croj),  whether  it  he 
of  vegetables,  fruits,  or  flowers.  Some,  however, 
are  if  anything  too  rich  and  too  forcing  for  the 
purpose  of  fruit  growing,  and  would  induce  an 
extravagant  growth  of  stems  and  leaves  to  the 
detriment  of  the  fruit.  Such  soils  usually  contain 
an  excess  of  ni  rogen  and  lime,  with  a  deficiency 
of  potash  and  phosphoric  acid. 
Plants,  in  order  to  live  and  fructify,  require 
certain  elements  of  plant  food,  seme  of  which  are 
supplied  by  the  air  and  some  are  found  in  the 
soil.  Those  supplied  from  the  air  are  combi¬ 
nations  and  compounds  of  carbon,  hydrogen,  and 
oxygen  ;  they  constitute  with  the  compounds  of 
nitrogen  and  sulphur,  which  in  the  case  of  fruit 
trees  is  obtained  from  the  soil,  the  organic  part 
of  the  plant,  which  on  combustion,  either  by  tire, 
fermentation,  or  putrefaction,  returns  entirely  or 
partly  to  the  air  as  gases. 
The  mineral  part  of  the  plant,  which  is  repre¬ 
sented  by  the  ashes  left  behind  after  complete 
combustion  by  fire — as  the  ash  of  tobacco  or  of  a 
cigar — constitute  the  inorganic  constituents,  which 
consist  of  potash,  phosphoric  acid,  lime,  magnesia, 
silica,  soda,  sulphuric  acid,  chlorine,  and  others. 
No.  264';.— VoL.  C.,  Old  Series. 
