498 
June  15,  1899. 
JOURNAL 
OF  HORTICULTURE  AND 
COTTA GE  GARDENER. 
•upwards  ;  then  repeat  again  as  soon  as  the  fruit  has  fairly  set,  and  not 
exceeding  a  strength  ot  1  oz.  to  0  gallons  of  water  if  wet  weather  prevail, 
or  it  dry  the  strength  before  named,  1  oz.  to  10  gallons  ot  water.  This 
treatnient  usually  sulHces,  but  in  certain  seasons  it  may  be  necessary  to 
repeat  the  dressing.  Mr.  Graham’s  method  of  prevention  was  given  on 
page  45'.).  .June  1st.— G.  Abbey. 
NOTES  ON  PINES. 
Though  Pines' are  not  so  largely  grown  as  was  once  the  case  I  am 
sending  a  lew  brief  seasonable  notes  that  may  be  of  service  to  some 
readers  of  the  .Journal.  I  am  not  without  hopes  that  they  may  regain  a 
measure  of  popularity,  as  it  cannot  be  disputed  that  well-gr^^wn  fruits 
produced  at  .home  are  infinitely  superior  to  those  that  are  sent  us  from 
abroad. 
Fruit  Though  syringing  the  plants  must  cease  when  the 
fruit  commeiices  to  colour,  the  supply  ot  water  at  the  roots  should  be 
<3ontinued  as  before  when  necessary,  and  to  improve  the  quality  and 
colour  of  the  fruit  ventilate  liberally,  but  do  not  allow  the  terapeiaiure  to 
fall  below  80"^  in  the  daytime,  gradually  diminishing  the  moisture  in  the 
house,  and  maintaining  a  night  temperature  of  70°  to  75°.  Plants  of 
(Queens,  Pnville,  and  Providence  started  last  February  will  ripen  their 
fruit  this  month,  whilst  Smooth-leaved  Cayenne  and  Charlotte  Rothschild 
will  require  about  a  month  longer  to  finish  properly.  Under  the  same 
conditions  they  furnish  a  successional  supply  of  fruit,  which  may°^be 
.still  further  extended  by  removing  some  of  the  fruiting  plants  to  a  cObl 
airy  plaee  after  the  fruit  is  surticiently  advanced  in  ripening.  The  bottom 
heat  should  be  maintained  at  80°  to  90°,  those  being  the  extreme  jjointsj 
but  the  more  regular  the  heat  at  the  root-i  the  belter. 
Succcsaionnl  Plants. — The  weather  is  not  yet  such  as  to  safely  dispense 
with  aililicial  heat,  but  fires  will  not  be  required  much  longer,  as  the  sun 
heat,  by  the  assistance  obtained  Irom  the  heaud  beds  in  which  the  plants 
are  plunged,  rarely  allows  the  atmospheric  temperature  to  fall  below  05°, 
which  is  more  suitable  lor  the  satisfactory  development  of  the  plants  than 
a  higher  temperature  from  fire  heat.  As  recently’  potted  plants  make 
j’  Tovvth  quickly,  strict  attention  should  be  given  to  ventilation  to  prevent 
an  attenuated  growth,  therefore  admit  air  at  75°  to  80°,  increasing  it  until 
85°  is  reached,  and  above  that  ventilaie  fully,  diminishing  in  the  afternoon, 
closing  the  house  at  a  temperature  of  80°.  Afford  a  light  sprinkling  daily 
in  the  uflernooii  when  bright  weather  prevails. 
Starting  Suckers. — From  those  on  the  early  fruiting  plants  a  sufficient 
number  should  be  selected  to  meet  the  demand,  and  if  started  at  once,  the 
plants  will  be  suitable  for  fruiting  from  this  time  onwards  another  season, 
and  prove  supplementary  to  those  started  in  March,  their  requiroments 
being  identical,  only  shading  must  be  more  effectual. — G.  A.  H. 
SALADS  AND  FRUITS- 
From  an  article  on  “  Cool  Food  for  Hot  Weather,”  in  the  Daihj  News 
■we  cite  the  following  paragraphs  : 
“  A  spell  of  unusually  hot  weather  makes  a  change  in  diet  imperative  if 
we  are  to  adapt  ourselves  to  the  demands  made  upon  us  by  heightened 
temperature.  Nature  is  liberal  in  providing  us  with  cooling  and  laxative 
foods  at  this  season,  if  we  are  not  too  wcddi'd  to  convention  to  try  them. 
Make  salads  of  every  thing  that  will  lend  itself  to  salad-making,  but  keep 
the  J-ettuce  before  you  as  a  piece  de  resistance  at  all  times.  The  more 
succulent  I-ettuce  we  eat  in  hot  weather,  the  better  for  our  physical 
comfort.  Some  object  to  uncooked  vegetables  of  any  kind,  much  as  they 
like  salads  generally’.  Let  these  people  eat  cold  cooked  Asparagus  and 
Beans  in  salad  form,  as  lung  as  both  are  to  be  procured. 
Apropos  of  salads,  s  special  mention  should  be  made  of  those  composed 
of  fruit ;  this  is  a  delicious  mode  of  serving  ripe  fruit,  and  a  mode  by 
which  we  secure  the  lull  flavour  and  medicinal  virtues  thereof,  which  ate 
sometimes  lost  or  changed  by  cooking.  The  dressing  of  a  fruit  salad  will, 
for  the  gourmet,  be  one  of  sweet  wine  with  a  soup^on  of  fine  liqueurs,  but 
ordinary  people  will  be  quite  content  with  the  juice  obtained  by  stewing 
and  straining  a  portion  ot  other  fruits  with  sugar,  or  cream  may  take  the 
place  of  the  fruit  juice.  A  variety  ot  fruits  make  a  pleasanter  salad  than 
one  kind  alone,  though  when  Strawberries  are  in  question  mixing  these 
with  another  fruit  is  not  to  be  allowed.  One  of  the  most  delicious  salads 
is  that  comjDonly  met  wiih  in  Parisian  restaurants  -  and  only  rarely  seen 
elsewhere — namely,  the  wild  Strawberries  of  the  woods,  dressed  with 
claret.  Our  own  ‘small  scarlets’  may  make  a  fair  imitation  of  this,  but 
they  have  not  the  delicate  aroma  of  the  wild  berry.  Following  on 
Strawberries,  ripe  Currants,  mixed  with  Raspberries,  make  another 
good  combination,  and  sliced  Apricots,  with  stoned  Morello  Cherries,  still 
another, 
‘•A  diet  largely  composed  cf  fruit,  vegetables,  and  milk  will  keep  the 
blood  cooler  and  the  system  better  nourished  than  any  number  of  so-called 
cooling  drinks,  or  other  preparations.  One  of  the  greatest  mistakes  we 
can  make  in  hot  weather  is  to  partake  of  ices,  iced  dishes,  or  iced  drinks. 
Though  the  immediate  effect  telt  after  swallowing  these  may  be  one  of 
coolness  and  refreshment,  yet  this  quickly  gives  place  to  one  of  increased 
heat,  and  often  induces  an  almost  parched  feeling  in  the  mouth.  Follow 
Natuie  as  closely  as  possible,  and  her  guidance  will  invariably  bring 
about  the  best  results. 
“In  addition  to  cooling  properties.  Nature’s  remedies  provide  just  those 
phosphates  and  tonics  that  the  physical  man  craves  most  in  summer 
heats.  Potash  salts,  magnesia,  lime,  and  iron — all  these  are  largely  present 
in  all  the  vegetables  and  Iruits,  but  more  especially  in  some,  and  for  all 
these  a  great  demand  is  daily  created.  In  Spinach  we  have  iron  in  a 
very  marked  degree,  also  in  all  the  red  and  black  fruits — to  wit.  Red  and 
Black  Currants,  Raspberries  and  Blackberries.  Those  who  suffer  from 
poverty  of  blood  would  do  well  to  make  Black  Currants  their  standard 
fruit.  In  Cabbage,  Peas,  green  Gooseberries,  and  Green  Gages  we  have 
more  phosphates  and  lime  than  iron  ;  abundant  nourishment  of  a  light 
and  easily  digested  kind  we  have  in  Mushrooms,  Beans,  and  well  cooked 
Potatoes.  FromToinatoes,  Marrows,  Cucumbers,  Melons,  and  all  lush  fruits 
we  gain  water  that  largely  does  away  with  the  necessity  for  much  drink  ; 
where  f  ree  use  is  made  of  these  thirst  will  never  be  felt  to  any  great  degree. 
It  is  false  economy  that  spares  the  money  that  fruit  and  fresh  vegetables 
cost ;  oetter  far  would  it  be  to  spend  money  this  way  than  in  drink  of 
any  kind.” 
WEST  HALL,  BYFLEET. 
This  very  interesting  and  pretty  estate,  the  residence  of  F.  C.  Stoop, 
Esq.,  lies  on  the  right  hand  side  of  the  road  leading  from  Bytlcet  Statiou 
to  the  village  of  that  name,  and  is  about  midway  between  Weybridge  and 
Woking.  The  gardener,  Mr.  G.  Carpenter,  who  has  been  in  this  siiualicn 
about  five  years,  was,  oddly  enough,  some  nine  years  in  the  employ  of 
Major  C,  Browne,  who  has  the  adjoining  estate,  so  that  he  seems  closely 
attached  to  the  localiiy. . 
During  his  slay  at  West  Hall  Mr.  Carpenter  has,  in  conjunction 
with  Mr.  Stoop’s  liberal  expenditure,  effected  great  improvements, 
amongst’ others  being  a  clean  sweep  of  the  old  glass  houses,  and  the 
erection  in  their  place  by  Messrs.  Burton  &  Sons  of  a  good  range  of 
lean-to’s  as  vineries,  and  three  long  span  plant.  Peach,  Melon,  and 
Tomato  houses,  compiising  several  compartments.  Then  there  lias  been 
an  entire  replanting  of  the  walls  with  fruit  trees,  wiring  of  gard-ii  walks, 
and  planting  these  with  espaliersi'general  opening  and  improving  of  the 
pleasure  grounds,  and  manj"  other  capital  alterations,  so  that  the 
place  IS  greatly  changed,  whilst  every  year  now  helps  to  effect  material 
developments. 
Though  the  place  is  flat,  it  is  both  well  timbered  and  watered. 
Rhododendrons  are  there  a  truly  graud  feature  ;  many  ol'  these  seem 
as  though  planted  a  century  since,  for  in  various  directions  such  masses 
have  they  become  that  arched  walks  have  been  formed  beneath  them,  and 
the  wood  growth  is  deu-e  as  a  thicket.  A  short  avenue  of  Cedrus 
deodara  in  front  of  the  house  shows  some  truly  noble  specimens,  such  as 
are  rarely  seen;  whilst  on  the  roadside  mere  are  Welbngtoiuas  in 
quantity,  such  as  can  be  rarely  equalled  anywhere  in  ihe  kingdom. 
The  Glass  Houses. 
The  vinery  range  is  110  feet  long  by  15  feet  wide.  There  ate  three 
compartments,  the  centre,  and  earliest  forced  being  the  largest.  This  is 
planted  with  Black  Hamburgh  Vines  chiefly,  a  few  Bucklaiid  Sweetwater 
aud  Foster’s  Seedling  completing.  These  Vines  have  been  nearly  three 
years  planted,  and  are  carrying  excellent  crops,  many  bunches  having 
been  already  cut.  A  few  )iot  Vines  assist  as  supernumeraries  to  furnish 
fruit  on  the  uncropped  spaces.  In  one  end  hou'je  Madresfield  Court, 
Gros  Colman,  Gros  Maroc,  Lady  Downe’s,  aud  B.ack  Alicante  all  doing 
remarkably  well,  and  in  the  other  end  iMuscat  of  Alexandria  Vines 
also  carrying  a  good  crop,  and  capital  bunches  furnish  the  house.  It  is 
noticeable  mat  very  free  lateral  and  especially  top  growth  is  allowed  to 
all  the  Vines,  the  object  being  to  excite  active  root  action.  Oi  course 
with  comparatively  young  Vines  there  is  yet  ample  room  for  such  tree 
growth. 
There  is  a  fine  span  Peach  house,  90  feet  by  15  feet.  It  is  planted 
with  eight  permanent  trees  on  each  side,  but  there  are  a  few  super¬ 
numeraries  at  present.  All  these  are  in  excellent  condition,  full  of  wood 
and  clean  leafage,  yet  not  of  excessive  growth,  whilst  in  almost  every  case 
there  are  good  fruit  crops.  The  arrangement  of  the  varieties  answers 
admirably  to  produce  a  long  succession  without  starting  portions  in 
compartments,  for  there  are  none.  Peaches  comprise  Waterloo,  all 
gathered  ;  Hale’s  Early,  just  ripe,  and  one  ot  the  very  best  of  the  earlies  ; 
Royal  George,  Barrington,  Violette  Hative,  Walburion  Admirable,  and 
Princess  of  Wales.  Nectarines  are  Rivers’  Early,  I’recoce  des  Crousels, 
Ijord  Napier,  Humboldt,  Pine  Apple,  Stanwick  Elruge,  and  Victoria. 
There  have  been  numerous  trees  in  pots  fruited  also. 
Plants. 
The  other  houses  are  in  compartments,  in  which  arc  seen  in  one  ease  a 
good  collection  of  Orchids,  in  another  table  and  ro  im  plants,  in  a  third 
tine-loliage  and  various  stove  plants,  in  a  fourth  greenhouse  plants, 
including,  as  may  also  be  seen  in  the  conservatory,  numerous  Canterbury 
Bells,  both  white  and  rose  coloured,  grown  here  for  a  long  succession  in 
great  numbers  in  pots,  and  very  beautiful  they  are  so  treated.  In  one 
house  Eucharis  amazonica  planted  out  in  enclosed  brick  beds  does  finely, 
blooming  profusely.  Another  division  is  devoted  to  Melons  and 
Cucumbers,  and  yet  a  farther  one  to  Tomatoes.  These  are  planted 
on  narrow  raised  turf  beds  on  each  side,  and  are  trained  up  under  the 
glass  roof  ;  all  are  in  capital  condition.  The  earliest  supply  of  fruit  has 
been  obtained  from  pot  plants.  These  are  just  getting  over  as  the  others 
are  carrying  ripe  fruits.  The  principal  variety  is  Polegate. 
In  all  the  plant  houses  climbers  form  telling  features.  Stephanotis, 
Allamanda  Hendersoni,  Dipladenia  amabilis,  Gloiiosa  superba,  Clero- 
dendron  Balfourianum,  Passiflora  princeps,  and  one  of  the  loveliest  of  all, 
carrying  small  but  great  numbers  of  trusses  of  pretty  yellow  dowers, 
Stigmaphyllon  ciliatum.  Very  recently  the  Night-blooming  Cereus  was 
a  sinking  and  attractive  feature,  flowering  m  one  house.  There  is 
a  nice  conservatory  adjoining  the  mansion,  that  is  kept  full  of  flowers 
