June  29,  1899. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
539 
White  “Fungus’’  on  Apple  Trees  (3W,).— It  is  just  possible  that 
what  you  describe  as  a  “white  fungus”  may  be  the  American  blight, 
the  presence  of  which  is  indicated  by  white  tlulTy  masses  on  the  stems. 
It  can  be  cleaned  off  with  methylated  spirit  applied  with  a  brush,  carbolic 
soap  solution,  petroleum  emulsion,  or  Gishurst  compound.  Perhaps  you 
had  better  send  specimens  of  the  infestation  as  soon  as  you  read  this 
reply. 
Destroying  Apple  Chermes  (Z>.  i?.). — The  most  efficacious  wash  for 
the  destruction  of  this  pest  is  one  containing  sulphuret  of  lime.  This  may 
be  made  by  combining  the  sulphuret  with  water,  or  more  conveniently 
by  boiling  together  sulphur  and  lime  in  the  proportion  of  1  lb.  of  sulphur 
and  2  lbs.  of  lime  to  4  gallons  of  water.  Tobacco  water  also  kills  them, 
with  or  without  the  addition  of  Gishurst  compound,  but  the  difficulty  is  to 
reach  the  insects,  secluded  as  they  are  in  the  blossoms.  In  fact,  not  much 
can  be  done  during  the  spring,  and  the  time  for  the  destruction  of  chermes 
is  the  winter.  Those  which  are  to  be  the  parents  of  the  new  brood  lodge 
within  cracks  of  the  bark,  angles  and  ridges  of  twigs,  and  the  like  places 
of  shelter,  where,  however,  they  may  be  reached  and  killed  by  copious 
syringing  with  a  hot  solution  of  softsoap. 
The  Tiger  Moth  ( IT.  Raby'). — The  caterpillar  you  send  for  identifica¬ 
tion  is  that  of  the  tiger  moth  (fig.  122),  which  is  scientifically  known  as 
Chelonia  Caja.  It  is  one  of  the  commonest  caterpillars  both  in  gardens 
and  uncultivated  places,  its  favourite  food  plants  in  the  latter  spots  being 
Docks  and  Dead  Nettles.  In  the  garden  it  appears  most  partial  to  the 
vegetable  quarters,  but  sometimes  appears  on  the  flower  beds,  and  may 
even  be  detected  feasting  on  fruit  trees  or  disfiguring  a  choice  Pelar¬ 
gonium.  The  moth  has  acquired  its  tigrine  name  from  the  markings  of 
the  upper  wings,  which  are  usually  adorned  with  blue-black  spots  on  a 
red  ground.  The  head  and  legs  of  the  caterpillar  are  black,  and  the 
body  is  covered  with  long  silky  hairs. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  cultivated 
plants,  not  wild  flowers,  or  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and 
termed  florists’  flowers.  Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering 
plants,  and  Fern  fronds  should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive  in 
a  fresh  state  in  securely  tied  firm  boxes.  Thin  paper  boxes  arrive  in  a 
flattened  state.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form  the 
best  packing,  dry  wool  or  paper  the  worst.  Those  arrive  in  the  best 
condition  that  are  so  closely  or  firmly  packed  in  soft  green  fresh  grass,  as 
to  remain  unmoved  by  shaking.  No  specimens  should  be  sent  to  rest  in 
the  post  office  over  Sunday,  on  which  day  there  is  no  delivery  of  postal 
matter  in  London.  Specimens  in  partially  filled  boxes  are  invariably 
injured  or  spoiled  by  being  dashed  to  and  fro  in  transit.  Not  more  than 
six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  the  numbers  should  be  visible 
without  untying  the  ligatures,  it  being  often  difficult  to  separate  them 
when  the  paper  is  damp.  (J.  0.  H.). — 1,  specimen  insufficient,  an 
Aralia,  probably  leptophylla  ;  2,  Aralia  Veitchi  ;  3,  Sobralia  macrantha. 
( W.  B.  i?.). —  Brilliantly  coloured  specimens  of  the  Copper  Austrian 
Briar.  ( T,  S.'). — 1,  Cercis  siliquastrum  ;  2,  Salisburia  adiantifolia  ;  3, 
Abies  Douglasi.  (P.  Z.).— 1,  Viburnum  plicatum ;  2,  Hemerocallis 
flava ;  3,  Cerastium  tomentosum ;  4,  Sambucus  aurea  variegata ;  5, 
Salvia  argentea,  (C.  G.  M.'). — 1,  Selaginella  Wildenovi ;  2,  Pteris 
umbrosa  j  3,  Adiantum  trapeziforme  ;  4,  Asplenium  viviparum  ;  5, 
Nephrolepis  davallioides  furcans  ;  6,  Woodwardia  radicans.  (C.  A.'). — 
Pelargoniums  are  florists’  flowers,  which  we  cannot  undertake  to  name  ; 
send  specimens  to  some  large  grower,  who  will  name  them  by  comparison. 
(Z.  H.). — 1,  Masdevallia  Davisi  ;  2,  M.  Lindeni  ;  3,  M,  ignea  ;  4,  M. 
Harryana.  The  small  Odontoglossum  is  a  very  poor  form  of  Possi. 
Zephyranthes  carinata.  (/.  S.  U.). — 1,  Lithospermum  purpureo-coerulea  ; 
2,  Anemone  dichotoma.  (Single  IF.). — 1,  Sisyrinchium  striatum  ;  2, 
Spiriea  ulmaria  fl  -pi.  :  3,  Centranthus  ruber  ;  4,  Nigella  damascena. 
(6’.  A’i). _ 1,  Tasconia  Van-Volxemi  ;  2,  Rhynchospermura  jasminoides  ; 
3,  Habrothamnus  elegans  ;  4,  flowers  withered  ;  we  are  endeavouring  to 
oxpand  one  of  the  later  buds  ;  .5,  Hoy  a  bella.  (F.  S.). — 1,  Kerria 
japonica  flore-pleno  ;  2,  Yellow  Austrian  Briar  ;  3,  Genista  hispanica ; 
all  excellent  specimens. _ 
TRADE  CATALOGUES  RECEIVED. 
G.  Bunyard  &  Co..  IMaidstone. — Strawberries,  Grapes,  and  Figs. 
M.  Raines  &  Co.,  34,  Mansell  Street.  Aldgate,  E.C. — Bulbs  and  Plants. 
J.  Veitch  k.  Sons,  Ltd.,  Chelsea. — Bulbs  for  Early  Forcing. 
CO  VENT  GARDEN  MARKET.— June  28th. 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.— FRUIT. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8,  d. 
8.  d. 
Apricots,  per  box  ... 
1  0  to  1  G 
Melons  . 
1  0  to  3  0 
Apples,  Tasmanian, 
per 
Nectarines,  per  doz. 
G  0 
12  0 
case . 
13  0 
20  0 
Peaches,  per  doz . 
3  0 
15  0 
Cherries.  J  sieve 
••• 
G  0 
10  0 
Pines,  St.  Michael’s,  each 
3  0 
8  0 
Figs,  green,  per  doz. 
Gooseberries,  ^  sieve 
•  •• 
3  11 
6  0 
Plums,  per  box . 
1  6 
2  0 
... 
2  9 
0  0 
Strawberries,  hothouse,  lb. 
1  6 
3  0 
Grapes,  black  . 
... 
1  0 
3  0 
,,  outdoor,  bskt. 
Lemons,  case  . 
... 
14  0 
36  0 
about  6  lbs . 
2  0 
3  0 
Remarks. — Markets  good. 
AVERAGE 
WHOLESALE 
PRICES.— VEGETABLES. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s 
d. 
8.  d. 
Artichokes,  green,  doz 
... 
1  0  to  2  0 
Lettnce,  doz.  ...  ...  ... 
1  3  to  0  0 
Asparagus,  per  lOU  ... 
•  •• 
1  0 
3  6 
Alushrooms.  lb .  ... 
0  6 
1  0 
Beans,  per  lb . 
•  •• 
0  3 
0  G 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet 
0  2 
0  0 
,,  Longnods,  4  bushel 
1  G 
2  0 
Onions,  bag,  about  1  cwt. 
5  6 
0  0 
Beet,  Red,  doz . 
1  0 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bunches  ... 
2  0 
G  0 
Cabbages,  per  tally  ... 
... 
7  0 
10  0 
Peas,  per  bushel  . 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
5  0 
6  0 
Carrots,  bunch . 
•  •• 
0  6 
0  0 
2  0 
6  0 
Cauliflowers,  doz.  ... 
... 
4  0 
6  0 
,,  new  . 
9  0 
11  0 
Celery,  n-w,  per  bundle  ... 
1  9 
0  0 
Shallots,  lb . 
Spinach,  per  bushel . 
0  3 
0  0 
Cucumbers . 
0  4 
0  0 
2  6 
4  0 
Endive,  doz . 
*•  • 
1  3 
1  6 
Tomatoes,  lb . 
0  4 
0  6 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0  3 
0  0 
Turnips,  bunch . 
V'egetable  Marrows,  doz. 
0  3 
0  4 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
... 
0  2 
0  0 
2  6 
3  6 
Rrm.^rks. — Markets  fair.  Asparagus,  arrival  heavy ;  traae  bad  for 
medium  samples 
AVERAGE  WHOLESALE  PRICES.— CUT  FLOWERS. 
8.  d. 
8. 
d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
Anemones,  doz.  bunches... 
1  6  to  2 
0 
LilyoftheValley,12  sprays 
0  4  to  1  0 
Arums  . 
3  0 
4 
0 
Marguerites,  doz.  bnchs. 
3  0 
4  0 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch... 
2  0 
2 
6 
Maidenhair  Fern, 
doz. 
Azalea,  white,  doz.  bnchs. 
3  0 
4 
0 
bnchs . 
••• 
4  0 
6  0 
Carnations,  12  blooms  ... 
1  6 
3 
0 
Mignonette,  doz.  bunches 
4  0 
6  0 
Daffodils,  single  yellow, 
Narcissus,  doz.  bnchs. 
•  •• 
1  0 
2  0 
bch.  12  blooms  . 
0  6 
0 
8 
Orchids,  var.,  doz.  blooms 
1  6 
9  0 
Daffodils,  double,  bunches 
0  4 
0 
6 
Pelargoniums,  doz.  bnchs. 
4  0 
6  0 
Eucharis,  doz . 
2  0 
3 
0 
Paeonies,  doz.  bnchs. 
•  •  • 
4  0 
8  0 
Freesia,  doz.  bnchs. 
Gardenias,  doz . 
2  0 
3 
0 
Roses  (indoor),  doz.... 
•  •• 
2  0 
3  0 
1  0 
2 
0 
,,  Red,  doz . 
•  •• 
2  0 
4  0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
„  Tea,  white,  doz. 
•  •• 
2  0 
3  0 
bnchs . 
4  0 
6 
0 
„  Yellow,  doz.  (Perles) 
2  0 
3  0 
Hyacinths,  Roman,  bunch 
0  4 
0 
6 
„  Safrano,  doz.  .. 
Smilax,  bunch . 
•  •• 
2  0 
2  6 
Iris,  per  doz.  bunches 
6  0 
12 
0 
•  •• 
3  0 
4  0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  12  blooms 
,,  longiflorum,  12  blooms 
3  0 
4 
0 
Tulips,  bunch . 
•  •• 
0  4 
0  6 
4  0 
6 
0 
PLANTS 
IN  POTS. 
8.  d. 
8. 
d. 
B.  d. 
8.  d. 
Arbor  Vitae,  var.,  doz.  ... 
Aspidistra,  doz . 
6  0to36  0 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
1  0  to  5  0 
18  0 
36 
0 
Fuchsias,  doz . 
•  •• 
4  0 
6  0 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
6  0 
10  6 
Heliotropes,  doz. 
•  •• 
4  0 
6  0 
Boronias  . 
12  0 
18  0 
Hydrangeas  . 
•  •• 
6  0 
10  0 
Crotons,  doz . 
18  0 
24  0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz. 
•  •  • 
12  0 
18  0 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz . 
12  0 
30  0 
Lycopodiums,  doz.  ... 
•  •• 
3  0 
4  0 
Dracaena  viridis,  doz. 
9  0 
18  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz 
•  ••• 
6  0 
8  0 
Erica  various,  doz . 
9  0 
24  0 
Myrtles,  doz . 
•  •• 
6  0 
9  0 
Euonymus,  var.,  doz. 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz.  ... 
6  0 
18 
0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each 
•  •• 
1  0 
15  0 
4  0 
18  0 
,,  specimens  ... 
•  •• 
21  0 
63  0 
Ferns,  var.,  doz . 
4  0 
18  0 
Pelargoniums,  scarlet,  doz. 
4  0 
6  0 
,,  small,  100  . 
4  0 
8  0 
Solanums,  doz . 
••• 
6  0 
12  0 
Ficus  elastica,  each . 
1  0 
7  0 
Stocks . 
•  •• 
4  0 
6  0 
Bedding  out  plants  in  variety  from  3s.  doz. 
AGRICULTURAL  RETURNS  FOR  1898. 
GARDENERS’  CHARITABLE  AND  PROVIDENT 
INSTITUTIONS 
The  Gakdeners’  Royal  Benevolent  Institution.— -Secretary, 
Mr.  G.  J.  Ingram,  175,  Victoria  Street,  S.W. 
United  Horticultural  Benefit  and  Provident  Society.— 
Secretary,  Mr.  W.  Collins,  9,  Martindale  Road,  Balham,  London,  S.W. 
-  Royal  Gardeners’  Orphan  Fund.— -Secretary,  Mr.  Brian  Wynne, 
8,  Danes  Inn, 
Truth  lies  at  the  bottom  of  a  deep  well,  and  is  therefore  a  most 
difficult  thing  to  get  at.  It  is  not  that  people  mean  to  prevaricate. 
No,  not  at  all,  but  they  are  apt  to  look  at  things  through  their  own 
spectacles,  and  their  own  spectacles  so  often  distort. 
Dine  at  a  market  ordinary  on  a  busy  day,  lay  yourself  out  to 
gather  information  from  the  various  farmers  present.  Every  class  will 
be  represented — the  gentleman  farmer,  who  is  combining  pleasure  with 
