78 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
January  22,  1903. 
Forestry  in  Sweden. 
Public  forests  in  Sweden  cover  18,000,000  acres.  Of  this 
12,500,000  acres  are  under  scientific  inanageinent.  Tliere  is  a 
central  bureau  of  forestry  with  forestry  corps  at  work  in  the 
fields.  These  field  workers  consist  of  nine  inspectors,  eighty-eight 
chiefs  of  range,  besides  a  large  nuniber  of  foresters  and  watch¬ 
men.  The  total  income  to  the  Government  from  the  State 
forests  amounted  to  more  than  2,000,000  dollars  in  1899. 
Destroying  the  Codlin  Moth. 
The  cedlin  moth  is  a  most  destructive  insect  in  its  infancy 
among  Apples;  at  present  it  is  in  the  surface  soil  beneath  the 
trees,  and  if  it  is  to  be  kept  out  of  the  trees  grease  bands  should 
be  placed  round  the  trunks  some  2ft  or  so  from  the  ground. 
Bands  of  vei-y  stout  brown  paper  will  do,  but  canvas  is  better. 
The  bands  may  be  4in  or  5in  wide.  The  best  way  is  to  secure 
the  bands  round  the  tree  first  and  then  smear  the  grease  all 
over  the  bands,  but  keep  it  away  from  the  bark  of  the  tree. 
Sometimes  cart  grease  isi  used,  but  there  is  a  special  kind  of 
grease  made,  which  may  be  obtained  from  the  garden  sundries 
dealer  and  many  seedsmen. 
Planting  Fruit  Trees  and  Bushes. 
All  the  various  hardy  fruit  trees  and  bushes  may  be  planted 
during  favourable  weather,  but  if  the  ground  is  wet,  cold,  and 
not  readily  workable,  defer  the  work  until  drier  conditions  pre¬ 
vail.  Little,  if  anything,  is  gained  by  haste  in  planting  at  this 
rather  unfavourable  period  of  the  year.  Choice  trees  should  not 
he  disturbed.  Strawberry  planting  will  be  best  carried  out  in 
March,  but  in  the  meantime  the  ground  may  be  deeply  dug  and 
freely  manured.  The  same  preparations  should  be  accorded  for 
Raspberries,  planting  small  canes  rvith  abundance  of  fibrous  roots, 
eventually  cutting  down  the  canes  to  the  surface  of  the  soil,  so 
as  to  encourage  stronger  growth.  Should  there  be  much  planting 
to  be  done  this  spring,  consisting  of  a  variety  of  fimit,  the  work 
may  be  forwarded  by  planting  the  hardiest  first.  In  addition  to 
Raspberries,  take  in  hand  Gooseberries  and  Currants,  leaving  the 
choicer  kinds  for  dealing  with  later.  'There  will  be  but  little 
difficulty  in  establishing  these,  for  if  the  soil  conditions  are  not 
all  that  is  desirable,  the  roots,  when  planting,  may  be  placed  oir 
and  surrounded  with  some  comparatively  dry  material,  such  as 
potting  soil  mixed  rvith  a  little  dccajmd  inanure  and  leaf  soil. 
Dryish  loam  will  be  similarly  effective  in  assisting  roots  to  push. 
IMulch  afterwards  with  loose  strawy  manure.- — L.  D. 
The  Modern  Paeonia. 
Having  recently  received  an  invoice  of  choice  Paeonias  from 
James  Kelway  and  Son,  of  Ifngland,  some  of  them  costing  $5  a 
root  wholesale  in  England,  my  friends  address  me  with  oppro¬ 
brious  epithets  and  say  the  fad  will  soon  pass  away  and  the  bottom 
will  fall  out  of  the  Ijooni  and  let  me  down  (writes  C.  S.  Harri¬ 
son,  in  an  exchange.)  “  But  let  us  look  at  the  matter.  First,  the 
modern  Paeonia  is  a  new  discovery,  and  the  newer  sorts  are  as 
beautiful  as  any  flower  that  blooms.  Second,  as  never  before, 
both  in  Europe  and  America,  there  is  an  awakened  interest  in 
flowers.  In  England  there  is  a  greater  demand  by  far  than  ever 
before.  The  love  of  the  beautiful  grows  rvith  the  nation’s  growth. 
Growers  find  that  notwithstanding  the  immense  amount  raised 
in  Xew  England  there  are  hardly  enough  to  supply  the  demand, 
and  Avestern  grorvers  are  drawn  on  heavily.  Millions  will  be 
needed  in  New  York  alone,  when  all  the  dealers  of  the  State  have 
not  200,000.  Third,  Avith  anything  like  decent  care  there  are  no 
failures  Avith  these  floAvers,  no  losses  as  Avith  Roses  and  other 
choice  things.  They  stand  more  neglect  than  anything  else. 
Fourth,  there  is  the  immense  empire  of  the  Avest  and  JiortliAvest 
yet  to  be  supplied,  and  these  are  aboAit  the  only  floAver.s  that  Avill 
succeed  in  that  Auast  region.  I  ha\’e  calls  from  Manitoba  and 
NortliAvest  Canada,  Avhere  they  succeed  admirably.  Taking  all 
those  things  together,  the  Preonia  is  the  surest,  most  profitable 
and  most  satisfactory  floAver  avc  can  raise.” 
Lavender. 
The  common  Lavender  is  a  plant  quite  hardy  in  any  saA^e  a 
greatly  exposed  situation  in  Avinter  in  this  A’icinity.  It  is  a  plant 
Avhich  when  potted,  to  make  transplanting  easy,  sells  freely. 
Everyone  almost  Avants  a  pot  of  Lavender.  Many  of  those  aaIio 
see  and  purchase  a  plant  tell  Iioav  they  have  tried  time  and  again 
to  get  one  from  seed  Avithout  success.  It  is  an  easy  subject  to 
increase,  .striking  readily  from  cuttings.  One  or  tAAo  plants 
groAvn  on  indoors  and  propagated  from  Avood  gir^e  a  nice' lot  of 
young  plants  in  a  short  time. 
Cox’s  Orange  Pippin  Hpple. 
An  old  Journal  Avriter,  has  some  notes  in  "  The  Gardener  ”  on 
the  successful  culture  of  this  Apple.  He  admits  that  his  county 
(Essex)  is  not  classed  as  a  first-rate  fruit-groAA'ing  district;  but 
although  they  cannot  produce  the  glorious  colouring  seen  in  the 
samples  from  Kent,  Devon,  or  Worcester,  they  can  and  do  groAAA 
good  .samples  of- fruit.  As  evidence  of  this  fact  he  says: — “A 
friend  of  mine  has  been  offering  Cox’s  Orange  Pii>pin  and  Blen¬ 
heim  Pippin  to  a  City  firm.  'The  latter  offered  him  24s.  per  bushel 
for  the  former,  and  £1  per  bushel  for  the  latter,  at  the  .same  time 
offering  to  take  the  aa  hole  lot,  about  one  hundred  bushels.  Surely 
a  good  offer!  But  it  Avas  not  accepted,  for,  as  a  keen  business 
man,  he  knoAvs  they  Avill  rise  considerably  yet,  and  he  expects  to 
realise  30s.  at  least  for  Cox’s  Orange.  Needless  to  say,  these 
samples  are  good,  or  such  a  price  AA’ould  not  be  offered  for  them. 
Apples  from  the  .same  trees  Avere  packed  in  boxes  la.st  year,  each 
Avrapped  in  blue  tissue  paper  and  packed  in  .single  laj'ers  of  four 
dozen  in  a  box,  and  they  Avere  disposed  of  by  a  leading  salesman 
in  the  market  at  2s.  Gd.  per  dozen.” 
Clipping  Bvergreens  and  Shrubs. 
That  the  bad  practice  of  clipping  too  closely  Evergreens  and 
floAvering  shrubs  sometimes  complained  of  here  (Noav  York),  AArites 
Mr.  Meehan,  is  not  unknoAvn  in  other  countries  is  evidenced  in  a 
letter  from  a  correspondent  in  an  English  horticultural  paper,  Avho 
complains  of  the  habit  so  preAmlent  there  of  trimming  up  INer- 
greens  toAvard  the  approach  of  Avinter.  It  is,  as  he  says,  the  time 
of  the  year  Avhen  prettily  .shaped  Evergreens  please  the  most. 
The  trimmers  lear-e  formal  looking  objects  in  place  of  the  graceful 
ones  Nature  made.-  With  us,  the  injury,  both  to  good  taste  and 
the  floAvering  properties  of  the  subjects,  AA  as  not  so  much  ob, served 
on  EAWrgreens  as  on  deciduous  shrubs.  'The  clipped  shrubs  in 
their  deformed  .state  spoiled  the  beauty  of  many  a  laAvn ;  and  in 
the  spring  and  summer  left  the  subjects  neaidy  bare  of  floAvers.  In 
is  a  pleasure  to  note  that  the  evil  is  not  nearly  as  great  as  it  Ava<. 
The  teachings  and  examples  of  Avhat  should  be  have  had  effect, 
evidently,  and,  better  .still,  gardeners’  situations  are  filled  Avith 
progressive  men,  more  alert  to  the  requirement.s  of  their  pro¬ 
fession.  Grounds  are  beautified  by  shrubs  being  alloAved  to  gi’ow 
much  as  they  Avill  ;  and  Iioav  these  shrubs  appreciate  this  treat¬ 
ment  is  shoAvn  by  the  grand  display  of  floAvers  they  make  in  their 
season. 
Cold  Storage  for  Apples. 
•  The  Horticultural  Department  of  the  loAva  Experiment  Station 
has  100  barrels  of  standard  Amrieties  of  loAA  a  Apples  in  cold  storage 
to  determine  the  relative  keeping  qualities  of  the  varieties,  the 
•length  of  time  they  may  be  held  .silccessfully,  and  the  best  tem¬ 
perature  for  storing.  The  A'arieties  included  in  the  test  are  all 
American,  and  a  list  of  them  appears  in  “  American  Gardening.” 
From  three  to  ten  barrels  of  each  A'ariety  haA'e  been  used  ancP 
the  Apples  carefully  selected  and  packed.  'The  Apples  Avere 
bought  at  Corning,  la.,  in  the  heart  of  the  Adams  County  Apple 
di.strict,  at  prevailing  prices,  and  were  packed  by  a  commercial 
packer  under  the  direction  of  the  Experiment  Station.  'The 
results  should  be  a  fair  guide  both  to  the  cohimercial  orchardist 
and  dealer.  The  Avork  this  year  is  but  a  beginning,  and  it  is  hoped 
that  next  year  it  may  be  conducted  on  a  more  extensiA'e  scale  and 
that  co-operative  exjAcriments  may  be  arranged  for  in  different 
sections  of  the  State.  Cold  storage  of  fruits  and  vegetables  is  a 
subject  of  vital  importance  to  the  live  hoi'ticulturist,  and  the 
Experiment  Station  at  Ames  is  receiving  many  inquiries  from 
those  Avho  contemplate  building  storage  plants  both  for  private 
and  commercial  use.  It  is  a  line  along  Avhich  little  experi¬ 
menting  has  been  done,  and  a  .subject  of  special  importance  to  the 
fruit  groAvers  in  i)laces  Avhere  long-keeping  A'arieties  are  difficult 
to  manage. 
