Siqiph'm/n; 
220 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
:\rarcli  12,  1903. 
IRoeee, 
For  Shrubbery,  Wood,  and  Landscape  Planting. 
ANY  species  of  Roses,  and  certain  garden  hybrids,  for 
which  it  is  a  difficult  matter  to  find  suitable  positions 
in  the  flower  garden  and  rosery,  may  be  advantageously 
used  in  the  mixed  shrubbery,  and  also  for  massing  and 
grouping  for  effect  in  the  landscape,  and  on  the  out¬ 
skirts  of,  and  in  open  spaces  in  \Yoods.  Such  Roses  will  form 
a  valuable  complement  to  the  well-known  Lilacs,  Philadelphus, 
Deutzias,  Weigelas,  and  the  like  so  largely  used  in  the  shrubbery, 
and  will  introduce  special  features  of  their  own  which  cannot  fail 
to  add  to  its  attractiveness ;  in  the  landscape  also  they  will  yield 
a  beautiful  effect  when  planted  in  masses  eitlier  for  the  sake  of 
their  flower,  foliage,  fruit,  or  wood.  For  these  purposes  it  is 
safest  to  choose  absolutely  hardy  kinds,  and  such  as  do  not  need 
pruning  in  case  this  cannot  conveniently  be  done ;  although,  like 
almo.st  all  other  shrubs,  every  kind  of  Rose  will  repay  attention, 
however  small,  in  re.spect  of  this.  By  the  employment  of  Roses 
in  the  mixed  shrubbery  and  in  the  landscape,  flowers  may  be 
obtained  at  a  season  of  the  year  when  other  shrubs  are  waning, 
and  we  may  also  obtain  additional  bright  and  highly-coloured 
foliage  in  .summer  and  autumn,  attractive  fruit  in  autumn  and 
eai'l.’^ winter,  and  even  in  some  cases  brightly  coloured  wood  for 
the  winter  and  early  spring. 
Taking  such  kinds  of  Roses  in  the  order  in  which  they  occur 
to  me,  I  would  mention  first  the  handsome  American  Rosa  lucida. 
The  dark  glos.sy  foliage  of  this  Rose  is  always  a  beautiful  object, 
but  its  greatest  merit  has  always  seemed  to  me  to  be  the  rich 
mantle  of  crimson  and  brown  foliage  which  the  plants  assume  in 
autumn,  a  trait  which  renders  it  of  great  value  for  massing  for 
landscape  effect.  It  has  an  additional  value  for  shrubbery  plant¬ 
ing,  as  blooming  in  August  when  comparatively  few  hardy  shrubs 
are'in  flower,  and  its  rosy  crimson  blossoms  are  most  welcome  at 
that  time.  Another  Rose  which  changes  the  colour  of  its  foliage 
in  autumn  is  R.  acicnlaris.  Although  not  so  bright,  as  R.  lucida 
in  this  respect,  the  foliage  is  larger,  and  the  habit  of  the  plant 
bolder  and  the  yellow  and  russety  hues  it  assumes  at  the  end 
of  summer  are  distinct  and  attractive.  For  variety  of  foliage 
in  summer  R.  rubrifolia  (ferruginea)  may  be  mentioned;  the 
leaves  of  this  kind  are  purple  from  the  time  of  their  opening  in 
spring  until  they  fall  in  autumn,  and  the  wood  is  of  the  same 
iiue  •  the  blossoms  are  pale  pink,  and  when  open  they  contrast 
niceiy  with  the  foliage.  It  may  be  freely  used  in  shrubberies  and 
also  for  landscape  effect. 
As  furnishing  a  profusion  of  flower  in  spring  and  summer,  to 
be  succeeded  by  a  rich  display  of  fruit  in  a,utumn,  the  Rugosa 
Roses,  red  and  white  (especially  the  variety  Calocarpa),  Rosa 
Andersoni  and  Rosa  pomifera  stand 
out  conspicuously.  The  Rugosa 
Roses  are  now  well  known,  but 
R.  Andersoni  has  been  less  appre¬ 
ciated  in  the  past;  it  is,  however,  of 
exceptional  merit,  healthy  bushes 
being  completely  laden  with  lovely 
bright  pink  blossoms'  in  summer,  re¬ 
calling  the  most  beautiful  types  of 
Dog  Rose  to  be  found  in  English 
hedges,  and  in  autumn  the  plants  are 
covered  with  equally  showy  masses 
of  bright  scarlet  heps.  R.  pomifera, 
the  Apple  Rose,  is  a  very  old  inhabi¬ 
tant  of  Engli,sh  gardens;  its  glaucous 
foliage  in  spring  and  summer,  its 
large  pale  pink  blossoms,  and  its 
showy  orange-red  and  crimson  fruit 
uniting  to  make  it  a  valuable  kind 
for  mixed  planting. 
As  Roses  that  commend  them¬ 
selves  for  shrubbery  planting  prin¬ 
cipally  on  account  of  their  blossoms, 
I  may  mention  the  Scotch  Roses  of 
various  colours,  both  single  and 
double  flowered,  the  Austrian  Briars 
and  their  allies  the  Sweet  Briars ; 
the  single  flowered  hybrids 
Macrantha  and  Moschata  alba ;  Rosa 
setigera  and  R.  Pissardi ;  the  two 
last  r.anied  bloom  in  July  and  August, 
after  most  other  species  have 
finished.  For  beauty  of  the  wood  in 
winter  Rosa  blanda,  whose  red  bark 
rivals  in  colour  that  of  the  scarlet 
Willow  or  Dogwood,  is  excellent,  and 
so  is.  in  a  lesser  degree,  R.  cinna- 
momea  (the  May  Rose). 
For  massing  in  the  landscape,  and  for  planting  in  dells  and 
naturalising  in  the  wild  garden  and  in  woods  where  space  is  not 
limited,  and  neatness  of  habit  is  not  an  essential,  we  have,  in 
addition  to  several  of  the  kinds  named  above,  the  beautiful 
R.  multiflora  (polyantha),  forming  immense  bushes,  clothed  in 
summer  with  large  panicles  of  bramble-like  blossoms,  together 
with  its  varieties  Grandiflora,  Thunbergi,  Leuchtstern,  and 
Waltham  Rambler;  many  strong  growing  garden  hybrids,  espe¬ 
cially  of  the  Ayrshire,  Sempervirens,  Boursault,  Musk,  and 
Wichuraiana  classes,  such  as  Dundee  Rambler,  Felicite  Perpetue, 
Flora,  Crimson  Boursault,  the  Garland,  Jer.sey  Bieauty,  and 
others;  also  Carmine  Pillar,  Reine  Olga  de  W'urtemburg,  and 
Marie  Lavalley.  A  judicious  admixture  of  these  will  ensure  a 
show  of  flower  for  a  period  of  from  six  weeks  to  two  months  in 
the  summer,  while  the  employment  of  a  few  of  the  hardier 
Noisettes,  such  as  Aimee  Vibert  and  Fellenberg,  will  prolong  the 
flowering  period  into  the  autumn.  For  planting  on  banks,  where 
the  soil  is  apt  to  be  dry,  the  Wichuraiana  Roses  have  proved  very 
suitable. 
Visitors  to  the  Riviera  and  other  parts  of  .southern  Europe 
will  have  been  .struck  by  the  gorgeous  masses  of  colour  produced 
by  large  flowering  plants  of  the  B'ank.'.^ian  Roses,  R.  laevigata 
(sinica).  Fortune’s  Yellow’,  and  other  somewhat  tender  kinds,  and 
there  may  be  certain  exceptionally  warm  and  sunny  positions  in 
woods  and  plantations  in  this  country,  with  a  soil  that  is  naturally 
well  drained,  w’here  such  kinds',  together  with  R.  moschata, 
Brunoni,  and  others,  might  be  tried,  but  I  think  in  the  climate 
of  England  such  Roses  require  the  protection  of  walls  or  build¬ 
ings,  .so  that  any  attempt  to  grow’  them  without  .such  assi.stance 
must  be  regarded  as  experimental  only. 
This  article  is  by  no  means  exhaustive,  and  it  w’ould,  I  think, 
interest  many  of  your  readers  if  some  of  your  correspondents  who 
have  seen  and  tried  the  use  of  Roses  in  the  bolder  forms  of  gar¬ 
den,  wood,  and  landscape  planting,  w’ould  state  their  views  and 
experience,  w’hen  w’e  should  no  doubt  learn  of  other  species  and 
varieties  that  have  been  found  to  succeed  well  in  particular 
localities.  The  use  of  Roses  for  these  purpo.ses  is  not  a  new 
idea.;  Loudon  in  his  “Arboretum”  alludes  to-  undergrowThs  of 
Roses  in  open  w’oods,  w’here  some  of  the  stronger  growing  kinds 
were  allowed  to  climb  to  the  tops  of  the  trees  w’ith  singularly 
beautiful  and  picturesque  effects,  and  I  believe  many  species'  are 
also  being  freely  used  for  grouping  in  landscape  planting  in  the 
United  States  and  other  countries.— Arthur  William  Paul, 
Waltham  Cross. 
The  Penzance  Sweet  Briars.. — Having  followed  the  profession 
of  a  lawyer  for  nigh  a  lifetime,  in  his  old  age  Lord  Penzance 
devoted  part  of  his  leisure  tO'  working  amongst  the  flowers  in  his 
quiet  Cornish  garden.  The  Penzance  Sweet  Briars  are  the  result 
of  his  having  hybridised  the  common  Sweet  Briar  with  various 
old-fashioned  Garden  Roses.  The  variety  Lady  Penzance  is  one 
of  the  loveliest  of  them  all. 
Penzance  Briar  Roses. 
