September  6,  Itt')". 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
285 
bones  and  pieces  of  charcoal  the  size  of  a  walnut  form  a  suitable 
compost.  Water  carefully  until  the  roots  are  working  in  the  fresh 
compost,  giving  water  oply  to  keep  the  soil  moist. 
Saving  Grapes  from  Wasps  {M.  N.  B.). — The  best  and  only  effectual 
means  is  to  stretch  some  hexagon  netting  over  the  openings  for 
ventilation,  and  in  such  manner  as  to  render  the  inroads  of  the  wasps 
impossible.  Clear  glass  bottles  with  rather  wide  necks  half  filled  with 
a  mixture  of  beer  and  sugar  are  good  traps,  wasps  and  hornets,  with 
bluebottle  flies,  entering  them  eagerly,  and  rarely  coming  out  again. 
They  should  be  emptied  every  morning,  using  a  colander  to  drain  off  the 
insects,  which  must  at  once  be  deeply  buried,  as  they  smell  offensively. 
It  is  also  advisable  to  destroy  the  nests  of  the  wasps.  They  should  be 
marked  by  day  with  a  peg  slit  at  the  top  and  white  paper  inserted  in 
the  slit,  and  at  night  pour  from  a  piiit  to  a  quart  of  coal  tar  through  the 
spout  of  an  old  waterpot  into  the  hole  of  each  nest,  when  there  will  be  a 
great  hubbub  for  a  few  seconds,  followed  by  significant  silence.  A 
teaspoonful  of  powdered  cyanide  of  potassium  placed  in  the  entrance  to 
a  wasp’s  nest  in  the  daytime  causes  its  destruction.  It  is  extremely 
poisonous. 
Book  on  Grape  Culture  (Idem). — The  best  work  on  the  subject  is 
“  Vines  and  Vine  Culture,”  by  Mr.  A.  P.  Barron,  published  at  the 
Journal  of  Horticulture  office,  price  Ss.  “Vine  Culture  Under  Glass,” 
by  Mr.  J.  R.  Pearson,  is  a  very  useful  manual,  also  published  at  the 
office  of  this  paper,  price  Is.,  post  free.  Is.  Id.  It  is  not  usual  to  include 
in  works  of  this  kind  reference  to  such  common  pests  as  wasps,  and 
only  brief  accounts  of  the  chief  insect  and  fungoid  pests,  as  this  Would 
make  the  books  very  bulky,  and  restriction  in  such  oases  is  imperative. 
The  work  you  name  is  one  of  the  best  on  Vine  culture. 
Pear  Leaves  Diseased  (Kittie). — The  leaves  have  been  infested  by 
the  laivse,  called  slugworms,  of  the  Pear  sawfly,  Selandria  atra, 
which  feeds  on  the  upper  surface  of  the  leaves  of  the  Cherry 
as  well  as  the  Pear.  As  there  are  no  slugworms  on  the  leaves  we 
presume  they  have  passed  to  the  ground  and  are  now  in  the  pupae 
stage.  In  order  to  prevent  a  recurrence  of  the  attack  the  surface  of  the 
ground  should  be  skimmed  off  and  the  cocoons  removed.  These  may 
be  below  the  surface  at  from  1  to  about  4  inches  depth,  according  to  the 
state  of  the  soil.  To  destroy  the  cocoons  the  removed  soil  may  be 
subjected  to  heat,  or  saturated  with  gas  liquor  diluted  about  three 
times  with  water.  The  soil  thus  treated  may,  after  a  time,  say  six 
weeks,  be  returned  to  the  border  or  used  elsewhere. 
Peach  Shoots  Mildewed  (Idem). — -The  shoots  are  badly  infested, 
and  indeed  ruined  with  mildew.  Such  wood  will  not  be  of  any  use 
for  forming  the  framework  of  the  tree  or  trees,  even  when  the  mildew 
has  been  destroyed,  as  it  may  be  by  dusting  with  flowers  of  sulphur, 
thoroughly  coating  all  the  paits  affected  by  means  of  a  dredger,  or 
better,  an  old  worsted  stocking.  It  is  necessary  that  the  sulphuring  be 
thorough,  and  repeated  occasionally.  This  ought  to  have  been  done  at 
the  commencement  of  the  attack.  As  the  trees  are  outdoors  and  against 
a  wall  they  may  be  sprayed  or  syringed  with  a  solution  of  sulphide  of 
potassium,  commonly  called  liver  of  sulphur,  1  oz.  to  3  gallons  of  water^ 
which  is  in  some  respects  more  effective  than  the  sulphur  treatment ; 
but  its  use  under  glass  is  precluded  on  account  of  its  discolouring  paint- 
and  also  from  its  somewhat  unpleasant  odour. 
Names  of  Fruits. — Notice.— We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good  tvpical 
fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience  of  regular 
subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruits,  and  not  collectors  of 
specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  is  wholly 
irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow  themselves  to 
be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special  attention  is 
directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  is  to  dis¬ 
courage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Aoples  and 
Pears  sent  to  this  office  to  he  named,  it  has  been  decided  to  name  only 
specimens  and  varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior, 
which  are  not  worth  .sending  or  growing.  The  names  and  addresses 
of  senders  of  fruit  or  flowers  to  be  named  must  in  all  cases  be  enclosed 
with  the  specimens,  whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by 
post  or  not.  The  names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication, 
initials  sufficing  for  that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once, 
and  any  beyond  that  number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  be  sent 
on  the  first  indication  of  change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Pears  cannot 
be  named  in  a  hard  green  state.  The  practice  of  pinning  numbers  to 
the  eyes  of  the  fruit  tends  to  destroy  one  of  the  most  characteristic 
features  and  increases  the  diflBoulty  of  identification.  When  Plums  are 
sent  to  be  named  young  wood  of  the  trees  should  accompany  them 
Leaves  of  the  trees  are  necessary  with  Peaches  and  Nectarines,  with 
information  as  to  whether  the  flowers  are  large  or  small.  (J.  M.). — 
1,  the  variety  cannot  be  determined  from  the  solitary  specimen 
submitted,  possibly  it  is  local  seedling;  2,  decayed,  probably  the 
Bloodgood ;  3,  Windsor.  (One  in  Need). — The  fruits  were  much 
crushed,  but  the  remaining  sound  one  closely  resembled  Rivers’  Early 
Damson.  (A.  J.  B.). — The  only  certain  way  to  get  the  correct  names 
is  to  send  fruits  of  each  to  the  nurseryman  who  supplied  the  trees  ; 
some  were  crushed,  and  in  every  case  the  shoots  were  dried.  (D.  A.  D  ). 
— Plum  Cox’s  Emperor.  The  Apples  are  so  undeveloped  and  out  of 
character  that  we  regret  the  impossibility  of  naming  them. 
Names  of  Plants. — We  only  undertake  to  name  species  of  cultivated- 
plants,  not  wild  flowers,  or  varieties  that  have  originated  from  seeds  and 
termed  florists’  flowers.  Flowering  specimens  are  necessary  of  flowering 
plants,  and  Pern  fronds  should  bear  spores.  Specimens  should  arrive 
in  a  fresh  state  in  securely  tied  firm  boxes.  Thin  paper  boxes  arrive  in 
a  flattened  state.  Slightly  damp  moss,  soft  green  grass,  or  leaves  form 
the  best  packing,  dry  wool  or  paper  the  worst.  Those  arrive  in  the 
best  condition  that  are  so  closely  or  firmly  packed  in  soft  green  fresh 
grass,  as  to  remain  unmoved  by  shaking.  No  specimens  should  be  sent 
to  rest  in  the  post  office  over  Sunday,  on  which  day  there  is  no  delivery 
of  postal  matter  in  London.  Specimens  in  partially  filled  boxes  are 
invariably  injured  or  spoiled  by  being  dashed  to  and  fro  in  transit.  Not 
more  than  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once,  and  the  numbers  should 
be  visible  without  untying  the  ligatures,  it  being  often  difficult  to 
separate  them  when  the  paper  is  damp.  (Neiv  Zealand). — Cassinia 
fulvida.  (H.  A.  Joy). — 1,  Polygonum  cuspidatum ;  2,  Oncidium 
divaricatum  ;  3,  Oncidium  Jonesianum.  (H.  J.  H.).—l,  Nephrolepia 
tuberosa  ;  2,  Specimen  insufficient.  Fertile  fronds  of  Ferns  are  essential 
for  identification.  See  note  above  ;  3,  Fuchsia  fulgens  ;  4,  Adiantum 
pedatum ;  5,  Prancoa  ramosa  (Bridal  Wreath  Flower);  6,  Cineraria 
maritima.  (F.  H.  H.). — Liquidambar  styraciflua. 
Covent  Garden  market. — Sept.  5th. 
The  fruit  market  is  glutted  with  produce,  and  the  vegetable  supply  is  a 
heavy  one 
Average  Wholesale  Prices. — Fruit. 
S.  ll. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
8.  d. 
Apples,  table,  |  bushel  ... 
2  0 
to  3  0 
Nectarines,  doz . 
1  6  to  9  0 
„  cooking,  bushel  ... 
1  6 
3  0 
Oranges,  case  . 
10  0 
15  0 
Cobnuts,  doz.  lb.,  best  ... 
4  0 
5  0 
Peaches,  doz.  small . 
1  0 
2  0 
Damsons  . 
0  9 
1  0 
,,  doz.,  good  size... 
6  0 
9  0 
Figs,  green,  doz . 
1  6 
3  0 
Pears,  per  case  of  36 
0  0 
2  9 
Grapes,  black  . 
0  6 
2  6 
„  „  48  ... 
2  9 
3  0 
,,  white  . 
1  6 
3  0 
„  ,,  56 
2  0 
2  3 
Greengages,  box  . 
0  0 
1  6 
Pines,  St.  Michael’s,  each 
3  0 
6  0 
,,  sieve  . 
4  6 
6  0 
Plums,  ^  bushel  . 
2  0 
3  0 
Lemons,  case  . 
10  0 
20  0 
„  Californian,  per  ease 
4  0 
6  0 
Melons,  house,  each 
0  6 
1  6 
,,  common,  sieve 
0  6 
1  0 
„  water,  per  case  ... 
3  6 
5  0 
Average 
Wholesale 
Prices.  — V  egetables. 
a.  d. 
a.  d. 
8.  d. 
8,  d. 
Irtiohokes,  green,  doz.  ...  1  6  to  2  0 
Beaus,  French,  sieve  ...  2  0  3  0 
„  scarlet,  per  bushel  2  0  4  0 
Beet,  red,  doz .  0  6  0  0 
libbages,  tally .  3  0  5  0 
Iirrots,  doz.  bunches  ...  2  0  3  0 
lauUflowers,  doz .  10  3  0 
lelery,  bundle .  10  19 
I uc ambers,  doz .  16  3  0 
Endive,  per  score  .  16  0  0 
Eerbs,  bunch  .  0  2  0  0 
Lettuce,  doz .  0  9  0  0 
„  Cos,  score .  0  6  2  0 
Leeks,  bunch  .  01§  toO  0 
Mint,  green,  doz.  bunches  2  0  0  0 
Mushrooms,  lb .  13  16 
Mustard  and  Cress,  punnet  0  2  0  0 
Onions,  Dutch,  per  bag  ...  4  0  4)6 
Parslev.  doz.  bunches  ...  2  0  0  0 
Peas,  English,  per  bushel  5  0  6  0 
Potatoes,  cwt .  3  0  5  0 
Shallots,  lb .  0  2  0  3 
Spinach,  bushel  .  2  0  0  0 
Tomatoes,  English,  per  lb.  0  2  0  4 
Turnips,  doz .  2  0  3  0 
Vegetable  Marrows,  doz,  .06  10 
Average  Wholesale  Prices. — Cut  Flowers. 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch... 
Asters  . 
Carnations,  12  blooms  ... 
Cattleyas,  per  doz . 
Bucharis,  doz . 
Gardenias,  doz . 
Geranium, scarlet, doz. bchs. 
Gladiolus,  doz.  spikes  ... 
Lilium  lancifohum  album 
„  „  rubrum 
,,  various  . 
Maidenhair  Fern,  dozen 
buncbes . 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  . 
1  6 
to  2  0 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12  bun. 
15  0tol8  0 
4  0 
6  0 
Marguerites,  doz.  bnchs. 
2  0 
4  0 
1  0 
2  0 
,,  YtU)w  doz.  bnchs. 
2  0 
4  0 
6  0 
12  0 
Odontogiossums  . 
3  0 
4  0 
1  6 
2  6 
Pelargoniums,  doz.  bnchs 
4  0 
6  0 
1  0 
2  0 
Roses  (indoor),  doz . 
2  0 
4  0 
4  0 
5  0 
,,  Red,  doz . 
1  0 
2  a 
1  6 
2  6 
„  Safrano,  doz  . 
1  6 
2  0- 
1  6 
2  6 
,,  Tea,  white,  doz.  ... 
1  0 
3  0 
1  6 
2  6 
,,  Yellow,  doz.  (Perles) 
1  0 
2  6 
2  0 
3  0 
„  English:— 
„  La  France,  doz. 
1  0 
2  0 
2  0 
4  0 
Smilax,  bunch . 
2  0 
4  0 
Average  Wholesale  Prices. — Plants  in  Pots. 
Acers,  doz . 
Arbor  Vitse,  var.,  doz. 
Aspidistra,  doz. 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
Azaleas,  various,  each 
Boronias,  doz . 
Gannas,  doz  . 
Crotons,  doz . 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz.... 
Dracaena  viridis,  doz. 
Erica  various,  doz.  ... 
Buonymus,  var.,  doz. 
Evergreens,  var,,  doz. 
Ferns,  var.,  doz. 
„  small,  100 
Ficus  elastica,  each 
8. 
d. 
8.  • 
d. 
12 
0to24 
0 
6 
0 
36 
0 
18 
0 
36 
0 
16 
0 
20 
0 
2 
6 
5 
0 
20 
0 
24 
0 
18 
0 
0 
0 
18 
0 
30 
0 
12 
0 
30 
0 
9 
0 
18 
0 
8 
0 
18 
0 
6 
0 
18 
0 
4 
0 
18 
0 
4 
0 
18 
0 
4 
0 
8 
0 
1 
6 
7 
6 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
Geraniums,  scarlet,  doz.... 
„  pink,  doz.  ... 
Hydrangeas,  white,  each 
,,  pinic,  doz. 
,,  paniculaia,  each 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz . 
Lycopodiums,  doz . 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz.  ... 
Mignonette,  doz . 
Myrtles,  doz . 
Palms,  in  var.,  each 
,,  specimens  . 
Roses,  per  doz . 
Stocks,  doz . 
8.  d. 
1  0 
6  0 
8  0 
2  6 
12  0 
1  0 
8  0 
3  0 
8  0 
8  0 
6  0 
1  0 
21  0 
6  0 
8  0 
s.d. 
to  0  0 
10  0 
10  0 
5  a 
15  0 
3  6 
18  O' 
6  0 
10  0 
12  0 
9  0 
15  0 
63  0 
18 
12 
0 
0 
