October  4,  1900. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
311 
I  L/  H 
Forthcoming  Shows. 
As  is  usual  at  this  time  of  the  year  we  have  received  numerous 
intiraatio'.s  ..f  Chrysanthemum  shows  which  are  tn  be  held  during 
the  coming  8ea.son.  S,  ace,  tiowever.cm  only  he  (oiind  for  mentioning 
those  t'Mt  have  heen  advertised  in  our  cdumns.  We  app  ud  tne 
dates  ()f  such  fixtures,  with  the  names  and  addresses  ot  the  respective 
secretaries : — 
Oct.  9,  10,  11.— Eotal  Aquarium.— R.  Dean,  42,  Ranela<^h  Rd., 
Ealing,  W. 
Nov.  7,  8.  Bournemouth.  —  James  Spong,  Lindisfarne  Girdens, 
Bournemouth. 
„  9,  10.— SHEFFIRLD.-Wm.  Eousley,  28,  Joshua  Road,  Sheffield. 
„  14,  15.— Huli,.— Edwarr'  Hirland,  Manor  Street,  Hull;  Jas.  Dixon 
F.R. H.S.,  2,  County  Buildings,  Hull. 
■  „  14,  15,  16.— York.- G.  F.  W.  Oman,  38,  Peterg  .te,  York. 
i»  16,  17.  Bolton.  Jas.  Hicks,  Markland  Hill  Lane,  Heaton,  Bolton. 
„  16,  17.  — Bkadford.-R.  Eichel,  Eldwick,  Bingley. 
„  16,  17.— Huddersfield.— John  Bell,  Marsh,  Huddersfield. 
Seasonable  Motes. 
^  Growers  of  these  flowers  hiive  n"t  had  anything  to 'Tmolain  of 
in  ttie  muter  of  weather  during  the  past  few  wee  s  Fine  .-imny 
days  and  heavy  night  dews  have  tended  to  swell  the  buds  m  sr 
rapidi  ;  and  fn  m  what  one  notes  gei.erallv  tiiey  are  pushing  wel 
out  t  om  'he  leave.s.  This  is  a  I nrly  g  >od  sign  th.it  later  devel  .p.nent 
will  be  satisfactory.  '1  he  time,  too,  is  approaching  when  ttie  pi  mis 
must  be  placi  d  under  glas-.  In  fact  tne  earlier  buds  are  sh  .wi' g 
colour,  and  these  ou^ht  to  be  under  cover  at  once.  It  is  unwl^e  to 
allow  any  damp  to  touch  them  when  in  this  siaue,  lor  in  the  ca.se  o 
big  b  .'..ins  It  is  rare  if  t  ey  ope  i  without  exhibitmj  some  detective 
marks,  sin  uld  outside  conditions  he  giveu  them  too  long. 
Housing. 
A  cultivator’s  troubles  may  he  'aio  to  hegin  the  mo  oen*  the  pla'^ts 
are  tind  r  gla-s,  that  is  if  ah  the  neces-sari  items  be  not  p  operlv 
carried  our.  Careful  people  will  >ee  that  the  houses  are  ch  an  in  thi' 
nr  t  p  ace,  and  also  that  each  plant  is  thorough  y  eximirif-d 
fcuptruious  leaves  may  be  taken  from  the  bottom  of  t.  e  st  ms 
wit  out  harm,  and  those  with  the  slightest  Hi:/n  of  mildew  must  be 
dusted  Rulphnr,  This  done  heioie  housing  saves  a  lot  o 
worry  alterwards.  Of  course  each  grower  will  at  range  the  plant' as 
conveni.  nee  oiclate.s,  l  utstat.d  them  a,'  f  r  apart  as  room  will  adow 
One  olt  n  sies  a  hunored  plants  huddled  into  a  space  not  large  emuiah 
tor  hall  the  Dum  ler  to  grow  properly.  Then  in  a  very  short  trine  the 
leaves  at  a  consi.ierable  di.stanee  up  the  stem  deca'y,  much  to  the 
disadvantage  ot  opening  blossoms. 
Watering  and  Syringing. 
If  houses  can  be  devote!  to  Ch  ysanthemums  so  much  the  better 
because  I  ne  mav  give  air,  funitga'e,  or  d  .  such  bke  thin 's  wi'hout 
damiiie  to  othrr  <ccupants.  Vineries  and  Peach  hou  es  are  'tnmtiires 
very  convenient,  as  they  are  usually  roomy,  and  at  thi'  time  oi  the  year 
the  lohage  IS  'ailing,  yet  enough  is  lelt  to  proviue  a  slight  sl.ade 
When  the  plants  are  put  under  gls'S  we  have  found  it  iii.|  ortant  to 
let  t  .e  rots  get  on  the  dry  side.  If  moisi  tire  is  given  toofreily 
stagnation  mllows,  but  on  the  other  hand  by  allow  ng  the  roots  to 
become  .soiuew'hat  dry,  the  ieaves  soon  get  accustome  i  to  new 
conditions,  and  to  prevent  a  severe  check  through  being  taken  Imm 
natural  dews  we  w.,uld  siringe  the  plants  twice  each  day ,  without 
however,  damping  the  flower.  In  a  very  few  days  rooihts  wil,  bJ 
Been  tunning  over  the  surface  of  the  soil.  Tnis  will  .'how  that 
moi'ture  inav  be  given  as  tegiilarly  as  when  the  plants  were  in  the 
open  air,  subject  only  to  the  requirerneats  of  the  weather. 
Ventilation  and  Temperature. 
At  first  it  is  well  to  lum  gate  the  houses  once  or  twice.  Tiits 
settles  any  aphi-,  wh  ch  is  sure  to  b' come  trou' lesome  late'  wnen  fir^ 
heat  IS  employed;  this  is  if  the  matter  is  negl  cted.  And  a  r  may 
also  be  given  in  ahunriance  by  tliroviiig  open  doois  H'  wel'  as 
ventilitois,  decreasing  this  as  the  1 1  oins  unh  id,  li  possible  only 
close  f.  e  houses  to  keep  out  log,  fu  air  is  most  imponan  in  aiding 
substance  of  tie  florets.  U'C  fiie  heat  only  when  luceessary  lo 
expel  lug  or  damp  nUhe  daytime  and  to  prevent  low  ten  p.  ratiire  ai 
oiglit.  A  iicaL  oi  55  is  cuuducive  to  the  opei.iLg  the  luurc 
fantasi  informed  Japanese  flovii'ers,  and  a  tew  degrees  lower  m  the  case 
I  f  incurved  t  pes.  The  petals  of  these  have  a  tendency  to  reflex  in 
undue  warmth. 
Do  not  Forget  the  Details. 
Shade  from  the  sun,  but  rather  have  blinds  than  more  permanent 
shading  of  I  he  glass,  because  light  is  required  in  dull  weather. 
D  imping  in  the  hlooms  is  often  a  source  of  trouble.  We  ourselves 
hive  never,  to  any  great  extent,  been  worried  this  way,  and  attrib  ite 
our  escape  to  allowing  ample  air  in  the  early  morning  to  clear  the 
surroni  dings  ot  accumulated  night  moisture.  These  notes  are  intended 
to  assist  ttiosH  who  are  growing  the  Chrysanthemum  for  large  individual 
blooms,  in  which  case  the  smallest  details  should  not  be  thought  too 
minute,  for  it  i'  the  small  things  done  at  the  proper  time  which  lead  to 
success.  For  example,  a  floret  here  and  there  may  by  some  me  ms 
decay.  Il  such  be  promptly  removed  a  fine  flower  may  be  spared,  but 
it  left  the  chances  are  the  same  will  spread.  Badly  formed  ones  should 
dso  be  taken  away,  and  each  bloom  be  assisted  to  open  if  necessary. 
Th  •  well-lormed  incurvtd  blooms  we  see  at  exhibitions  are  thus 
assisted.  It  mav  be  a  goodly  put  of  a  flower  wants  removing, 
e.specially  near  the  centre,  as  many  sorts  have  more  florets  in  tliem 
t  han  can  possiblv  oi  en  properly.  Tnis  removal  should  be  done  whilst 
Mie  hlu.ss  >rn  is  growing  if  we  wish  to  get  the  globular  formation. 
Coniinue  the  ii.se  of  stimulani-s,  but  always  bear  in  mind  that  weak 
and  often  is  the  rule.  An  overdose  will  kill  the  roots  and  stop  further 
development  of  the  blossoms. 
Exit  RustT 
It  is  pleasing  to  note  that  we  have  ihia  seison  heard  little  of  the 
Chry  saiitheinuin  rU't.  The  pages  of  the  J  »urn  1  also  lead  one  to 
believe  that  it  is  not  preva'eui  in  any  uistrict.  This  fact  would 
Seem  to  bear  out  the  opinious  of  some  authorities  a  year  or  two  bick 
th  it  tne  trunb  e  was  but  a  fleeting  one  In  our  case  it  is  gone 
wit  out  any  veiy  special  means  being  taken  to  eraiica  e  it. 
— Specialist. 
Parasitic  and  Insect  Enemies. 
Mildew  and  nust  are  the  two  most  virulent  pirasitic  pests  which 
infest  C  rv  .santhemuD  s,  and  b  dh  are  vey  liable  to  be  present  on 
plan's  at  this  season.  S  imetimes  the  at'acks  are  more  or  less  evident 
earlier  in  the  year,  and  sho  Id  the  season  be  favourable  for  t  e  sp  eid 
of  the  fungus  the  while  mildew  ca  .  be,  easily  seen,  especially  ou  the 
under  sides  of  theleives  and  abo  on  the  st'-ms,  where  it  lives  and 
thrives  to  the  detriment  of  the  plant.  MiMew  is  more  or  less  common 
to  all  cultivitors,  but  some  experience  its  d  sastrous  effects  m  ire  than 
others.  Rust  is  n"t  quiie  so  common,  and  many  growers  are  quite 
f  ee  from  it.  Mil  ew  cannot  stand  re  ei ted  applications  of  sulfihur, 
ami  hy  per-isting  in  dredging  it  upon  affect  d  leaves  and  stems  it  may 
be  destroyed.  Tne  readiest  mmner  of  distributing  it  however,  is  to 
mix  a  pound  of  flowers  of  sulphur  wth  1^  ounce  of  freshly  slaked 
lime,  and  boil  in  5  quarts  of  water  of  water  until  it  is  reduced  to  half 
quantity.  When  the  sediment  has  settled  strain  tne  liquid  through  a 
hue  h  nr  sieve  or  piece  of  muslin,  an  I  bottle  it.  To  a  4  gall 'U  can 
of  water  add  2  om  ces,  mixing  well,  and  syringe  the  under  sides  of 
leaves  as  well  as  the  upper  surface.  Lay  the  plants  down  on  a  mat 
during  the  o.  erstim. 
Another  excellent  remedy  for  mildew  is  sulphide  of  potassium 
applieil  to  the  aflected  parts  witn  a  sprayer,  so  as  to  economise  its 
'll  tribution.  The  pr  >per  strength  to  use  the  sulphide  of  potassium 
is  half  an  ounce  to  the  gallon  ot  hot  water,  and  when  the  mixture 
has  cooled  down  it  may  be  use'l.  This  is  abo  the  best  remei'y  lor 
ihe  lUst,  applying  frequently,  au'l  reaching  as  far  as  po.ssible  every 
affect  d  SpO’t. 
Green  or  black  fly  8om**tira  s  attacks  the  plants,  but  it  is  generally 
owing  to  inattention  in  applying  water  to  the  plants.  Tobacco 
powder  8  on  des mys,  thou  h  the  mo't  effectual  way  is  to  vqninse 
the  iiiructure  when  tl  e  pbnts  are  growing.  Vaporising  is  the  m  ist 
in  derii  m  ih' d  of  destroying  soft  bodieil  tnsec  s  like  aphiiies,  and 
qu  te  su  ersedes  ihe  old  style  ot  fumigating  with  tobacco  piper.  It 
!.■'  safer  ana  iiMre  eftectuil  than  fuiuigatii  g,  bringing  down  the  iusec's 
in  stioals.  It  should  be  done  before  the  blooms  expand,  the  second 
wet  k  aftei  housing  b  ing  a  good  tune. 
T  e  havoc  wrought  by  earwigs  in  large  or  small  blooms  is  well 
known,  ami  I X  iiuiu.itton  must  be  rai'leot  the  plants  by  lamplight, 
wheu  these  insicts  are  unusually  prevalent. — E. 
The  Cheapslde  Plane. — In  the  widening  of  Wood  S  reet  now 
proceeding  special  i  fforts  are  being  made  to  tireserva  the  old  cherished 
City  tree,  which  it  has  been  said  “gives  to  Cheapside  that  one  touch  of 
uaiure  which  sets  the  tired  man  a  longing  for  the  country.”  I'lie 
railings  have  been  removed,  and  in  preparing  that  portion  of  the  ground 
which  will  be  thrown  into  the  public  thoroughfare  preparatory  to 
relaying  itie  s  one  p  iVeiiieut  the  men  hive  been  oireful  not  to  injure 
the  rooi.8  exposed  or  to  chip  the  bark  of  the  trunk. 
