•  October  18,  1900. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER 
367 
Euphorbia  jacquiniaeflora  (U.  B.). — Plants  that  have  been  in  cold 
frames  up  to  the  present  time  must  be  removed  to  a  house  or  pit  where 
the  atmosphere  can  be  drier  at  night,  and  the  temperature  at  about 
55°.  If  left  in  cold  frames  after  this  date  the  foliage  is  very  liable  to 
turn  yellow,  especially  if  too  much  water  is  given  at  the  roots.  If 
removed  to  a  heated  structure  care  must  be  taken  that  the  plants  are 
not  excited  again  into  growth,  or  they  will  soon  become  tall  and  weak, 
and  in  the  end  flower  but  poorly.  To  avoid  this  no  artifleial  heat  will  be 
needed  for  some  weeks  yet  during  the  day,  and  only  at  night  when  the 
temperature  is  likely  to  fall  too  low.  On  all  favourable  occasions  air 
should  be  liberally  admitted  during  the  day  as  well  as  at  night.  If  the 
pots  are  full  of  roots  stimulants  may  be  given  in  a  weak  state  every 
time  water  is  applied,  nothimr  being  better  for  these  plants  than  liquid 
made  from  cow  manure  and  clear  soot  water.  If  the  plants  display 
any  signs  of  starting  into  growth  feeding  must  be  discontinued  for  a 
time,  at  least  until  this  tendency  is  checked. 
Black  Hamburgh  Crapes  Shrivelling  (^Young  Gardener). — Sometimes 
the  berries  shrivel  from  shanking,  and  are  very  inferior  in  quality. 
This  is  caused  by  a  disease,  and  chiefly  is  manifested  at  the  time  the 
Grapes  commence  ripening  and  during  that  process,  the  footstalk  of  the 
berries  shri:  king  and  turning  brown  or  black  in  a  more  or  less  circular 
manner  and  completely  encircling  the  footstalk.  This  malady  generally 
arises  from  defective  root  action,  the  roots  not  being  in  a  border  of 
suitable  material,  of  proper  staple,  and  thoroughly  drained.  Another 
cause  of  Grapes  shrivelling  and  occurring  after  they  are  ripe  is  dryness 
at  the  roots  both  before  they  are  finished  and  afterwards.  Once  this 
commences  after  the  Grapes  are  ripe,  or  only  partially  so,  they  cannot 
be  restored  to  plumpness  by  watering  at  the  roots  or  moisture  in  the 
atmosphere,  for  they  have  attained  more  or  less  to  the  condition  of 
raisins,  and  will  decay  if  moisture  be  given  at  the  roots  and  in  the 
atmosphere,  usually  falling  a  ptey  to  the  ripe  rot  fungus  (Glaeosporium 
Berkley!). 
Privet  Hedge  (P.  B.  D.). — Dig  or  trench  the  ground  fully  a  yard 
wide,  mixing  with  the  soil  some  well-decayed  manure.  Plant  in 
November  bushy  specimens  of  the  evergreen  variety  with  good  roots 
6  inches  apart.  Cut  down  in  spring  to  within  6  inches  of  the  grouni 
when  the  buds  begin  swelling,  trimming  in  the  sides.  This  will  cause 
the  plants  to  branch  freely  and  become  dense  at  the  base.  Trim  the 
sides  a  little  in  August ;  in  fact,  cut  them  back  so  as  to  form  a  base  of 
not  more  than  9  to  12  inches  width,  slightly  tapering  upwards,  and  in 
September  cut  off  the  top,  the  mere  tops  only,  so  as  to  form  an  even 
height.  This  will  be  determined  by  the  lowest  parts,  which  will  probably 
be  18  to  24  inches  high.  The  following  year  the  hedge  will  advance 
rapidly,  and  may  be  treated  as  in  the  previous  year,  when  a  hedge  wilt 
be  had  about  a  yard  high,  but  it  is  well  not  to  let  it  grow  too  tall 
without  heading,  otherwise  it  will  be  weak.  About  a  foot  in  height  is 
sufficient  to  gain  in  each  year  after  the  first  up  to  a  height  of  3  feet, 
and  then  6  inches  gain  each  year  until  it  is  of  the  height  required.  A 
hedge  may  be  had  quicker  by  planting  bushy  plants  2  to  3  feet  apart, 
merely  trimming  in  their  irregular  side  and  top  growths. 
Names  of  Fruits. — Notice. — We  have  pleasure  in  naming  good  tvpical 
fruits  (when  the  names  are  discoverable)  for  the  convenience  of  regular 
subscribers,  who  are  the  growers  of  such  fruits,  and  not  collectors  c  f 
specimens  from  non-subscribers.  This  latter  procedure  is  wholly 
irregular,  and  we  trust  that  none  of  our  readers  will  allow  themselves  to 
be  made  the  mediums  in  infringing  our  rules.  Special  attention  is 
directed  to  the  following  decision,  the  object  of  which  is  to  dis¬ 
courage  the  growth  of  inferior  and  promote  the  culture  of  superior 
varieties.  In  consequence  of  the  large  number  of  worthless  Ai'2)les  and 
Pears  sent  to  this  office  to  be  named,  it  has  been  decided  to  name  only 
specimens  and  varieties  of  approved  merit,  and  to  reject  the  inferior, 
which  are  not  worth  sending  or  growing.  The  names  and  addresses 
of  senders  of  fruit  or  flowers  to  be  named  must  in  all  cases  be  enclosed 
with  the  specimens,  whether  letters  referring  to  the  fruit  are  sent  by 
post  or  not.  The  names  are  not  necessarily  required  for  publication, 
initials  sufficing  for  that.  Only  six  specimens  can  be  named  at  once, 
and  any  beyond  that  number  cannot  be  preserved.  They  should  be  sent 
on  the  first  indication  of  change  towards  ripening.  Dessert  Pears  cannot 
be  named  in  a  hard  green  state.  The  practice  of  pinning  numbers  to 
the  eyes  of  the  fruit  tends  to  destroy  one  of  the  most  characteristic 
features  and  increases  the  difficulty  of  identification.  When  Plums  are 
sent  to  be  named  young  wood  of  the  trees  should  accompany  them. 
Leaves  of  the  trees  are  necessary  with  Peaches  and  Nectarines,  with 
information  as  to  whether  the  flowers  are  large  or  small.  {W.  B.). — 
1,  Flower  of  Kent;  2,  Claygate  Pearmain  ;  3,  Herefordshire  Pearmain  ; 
4,  Franklin’s  Golden  Pippin;  5,  unknown,  probably  a  local  seedling; 
0,  Emperor  Alexander.  (IF.  C.  D.). — 1,  Gloria  Mundi  ;  2,  Yorkshire 
Beauty  ;  3,  a  seedling,  that  never  had  a  recognised  name.  Pears : 
1,  poor  specimen,  possibly  Mareohal  de  Cour ;  2,  poor  specimen, 
resembles  Fan  Mons  Leon  Leclero.  (J.  IF.).— 1,  probably  a  local 
seedling,  that  never  had  a  name  other  than  the  one  you  give  ;  2,  King 
of  Pippins;  3,  npt  in  condition  for  naming;  4,  Keddleston  Pippin; 
o,  Beurre  d’Amanlis;  6,  Soldat  Esperen.  (G.  B.  T.). — Pear,  Marie 
Louise ;  Apple,  Fearn's  Pippin.  {/.  B.,  Battle). — 1,  Cox’s  Orange 
Pippin;  2,  Old  English  Pearmain;  3,  King  of  Pippins.  (G.  T.  S,). — 
Beurre  Bose, 
Name  of  Plant  (R.  C.). — Probably  Crinum  brachynema,  Bombay ; 
to  make  absolutely  certain  leaves  should  have  been  sent. 
Covent  Garden  Ifarket, — October  17th. 
Average  Wholesale  Prices. — Fruit. 
s.  d. 
S.  (1. 
8.  cl. 
s.  d. 
Apples,  table,  4  bush.  . . , 
2  0to3  0 
Nectarines,  doz . 
1  8  to  9  0 
,,  cooking,  bush.  ... 
1  0 
5  0 
Oranges,  case . 
1(1  (1 
15  O' 
Cobnuts,  (loz.  lb.,  best  ... 
4  0 
5  0 
Peaches,  doz.  small . 
1  0 
2  8 
Damsons,  ^  bush . 
(1  9 
2  0 
,,  doz.  good  size  ... 
6  0 
9  0 
Figs,  green,  doz . 
0  (> 
0  10 
Pears,  crate  . 
3  0 
7  8 
Grapes,  black . 
0  6 
2  6 
Pines,  St.  Michael’s,  each 
3  0 
8  0 
,,  white . 
1  6 
3  0 
Plums,  4  bush . 
1  0 
2  8 
Lemons,  case  . 
10  0 
20  0 
,,  Californian,  case 
4  0 
8  8 
Melons,  house,  each 
0  8 
1  8 
,,  common,  sieve  ... 
(•  8 
1  8 
,,  water,  case 
3  6 
5  0 
Average 
Wholesale 
Prices. — Vegetables. 
S.  (1. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Artichokes,  green, doz.  ... 
3  0to4  0 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
(i  14to(i  0 
Beans,  French,  sieve 
1  0 
1  6 
Mint,  green,  doz.  bnchs. 
2  0 
8  8 
,,  scarlet,  bush. 
0  3 
1  0 
Mushrooms,  lb . 
1  3 
1  8 
Beet,  red,  doz . 
0  6 
0  0 
Mustard  and  Cress,  pnnt. 
0  2 
8  8 
Brussels  Sprouts,  sieve. . . 
1  r, 
2  0 
Onions,  Dutch,  bag 
4  (1 
4  8 
Cabbages,  tally  . 
3  0 
5  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs. 
2  8 
8  8 
Carrots,  doz.  bnch . 
2  0 
3  0 
Peas,  English,  bush. 
5  0 
8  8 
Cauliflowers,  doz . 
1  0 
2  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
3  0 
5  8 
Celery,  bundle . 
1  0 
0  0 
Shallots,  lb . 
0  2 
8  3 
Cucirmbers,  doz . 
1  6 
3  0 
Spinach,  bush . 
2  0 
8  8 
Endive,  score  . 
1  (1 
0  0 
Tomatoes,  English.  Hi.  ... 
0  2 
8  4 
Herbs,  liunch  . 
0  2 
0  0 
Turnips,  doz . 
2  0 
3  (t 
Lettuce,  doz . 
0  9 
0  0 
Vegetable  Marrows,  doz. 
0  8 
1  8 
.,  Cos,  score . 
0  6 
2  0 
Average  Wholesale  Prices. — Cut  Flowers. 
s.  d. 
S.  <1. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch 
1  fito2  0 
Lily  of  the  Valley,  12  bun. 
8  0  to  12  (> 
Asters . 
3  0 
4  0 
Maidenhair  Fern,  dozen 
Carnations,  12  blooms  . . . 
1  0 
2  0 
bunches . 
2  8 
4  8 
Cattlevas,  doz . 
0  0 
12  0 
Marguerites,  doz.  bnchs. 
2  8 
4  8 
Chrysanthemums,  dozen 
,,  Yellow,  doz.  bnchs. 
2  8 
4  8 
blooms  . 
1  0 
3  0 
Odontoglossums  . 
3  0 
4  (► 
Eucharis,  doz . 
2  0 
4  0 
Pelargoniums,  doz.  bnchs 
8  8 
8  8 
Gardenias,  doz . 
1  0 
2  0 
Roses  (indoor),  doz. 
2  8 
4  8 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
,,  Red,  doz . 
1  0 
2  8 
bunches . 
4  0 
8  0 
,,  Safrano,  doz . 
1  6 
2  8 
Gladiolus,  dozen  spikes 
1  0 
2  0 
.,  Tea,  white,  doz.  ... 
1  8 
3  8 
Lilac,  white,  bunch. 
.5  0 
7  0 
,,  Yellow, doz.  (Perles) 
2  0 
4  0 
Lilium  Ian  cifolium  album 
1  8 
2  6 
,,  English,  La  France, 
,,  ,,  rubrum 
1  8 
2  6 
doz . 
1  (1 
2  8 
various . 
2  (1 
3  0 
Smilax,  bunch . 
2  8 
4  8 
Average  Wholesale  Prices. — Plants  in  Pots. 
S.  (1. 
8.  <.1, 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
Acers,  doz . 
12  <lto21  0 
Foliage  plants,  var..  each 
1  ()  to  5  0 
Arbor  Vit.'e,  var.,  doz.  ... 
8  0 
3d  0 
Geraniums,  scarlet,  doz. 
8  8 
18 
Aspidistra,  doz . 
18  0 
3d  0 
,,  pink,  doz.  ... 
8  8 
18  8 
Aspidistra,  specimen  ... 
1.5  0 
20  0 
Hydrangeas,  white,  each 
^  6 
5  O' 
Azaleas,  various,  each  . . . 
2  8 
5  0 
,,  pink,  doz . 
12  8 
l."!  8 
Boronias,  doz . 
20  0 
24  0 
,,  paniculata,  each 
1  8 
3  8 
Cannas,  doz . 
18  0 
0  0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz 
8  8 
18  8 
Crotons,  doz . 
18  0 
30  (1 
Lycopodiums,  doz . 
3  8 
8  8 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz. 
12  0 
30  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz.... 
8  8 
18  8 
Dracaena,  viridis,  doz.  . . . 
9  0 
18  0 
Mignonette,  doz . 
8  8 
12  8 
Erica,  variotxs,  doz. 
8  0 
18  0 
Myrtles,  doz . 
8  8 
9  8 
Euonymus,  var.,  doz.  . . . 
8'  0 
18  0 
Palms,  in  var..  each 
1  .8 
15  (h 
Evergreens,  var. ,  doz.  . . . 
4  0 
18  0 
specimens  . 
21  8 
83  8 
Perns,  var.,  doz . 
4  (1 
18  0 
Roses;  doz . 
8  8 
18  8 
,,  small,  100  . 
4  0 
8  0 
Stocks,  doz . 
8  0 
12 
Ficus  elastica,  each 
1  8 
7  6 
Profitable  Courses. 
Great  changes  have  come  over  British  agriculture  during  the 
last  twenty  years,  and  the  four-course  system,  once  looked  upon  as 
inseparable  from  it,  and  any  departure  from  which  roused  the  immediate 
and  dire  wrath  of  the  agents  of  many  of  our  large  estates,  is  now  looked 
upon  as  more  or  less  obsolete.  True,  it  may  still  be  the  lule  of  some 
estates,  but  we  venture  to  think  that  it  is  seldom  insisted  upon,  and 
rightly  so,  for  the  British  farmer  is  handicapped  enough  in  other  wa3  8, 
and  must  have  freedom  of  cultivation  if  he  is  to  compete  succen'fully 
with  his  foreign  rivals. 
