114  JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARRE NLR.  February  7,  1901. 
sad  duty  of  recording  the  death  of  seventy-nine  Fellows  during  the 
year,  and  among  them  they  regret  to  find  the  names  of  his  Grace  the 
Duke  of  Wellington,  the  Earl  of  Harrowby,  Sir  William  Cunliffe  Brooks, 
Admiral  Sir  Henry  Fairfax,  K.C.B.,  General  Pitt  Rivers,  F.R.S.,  Edward 
Pynaert,  R.  D.  Blackmore,  Wellwood  H.  Maxwell,  R.  Milne  Redhead, 
John  Laing,  V.M.H.,  John  Fraser,  V.M.H.,  E.  J.  Lowe,  F.R.8., 
W.  Vanner,  W.  A.  Gillett,  A.  De  la  Devansaye,  Mrs.  Abbott,  and 
Miss  Mary  J.  King.  Also  the  deaths  of  two  of  the  Counoil — Mr.  T.  B. 
Haywood  and  Mr.  Philip  Crowley.  The  Council  have  appointed  the 
Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  Ilchester  to  the  seat  on  the  Council  rendered 
vacant  by  the  resignation  of  Mr.  Arthur  Sutton,  V.M.H.,  and  Mr.  George 
Bunyard,  Y.M.H.,  to  the  vacancy  caused  by  the  death  of  Mr.  Haywood. 
They  have  also  appointed  Mr.  Gurney  Fowler  treasurer  provisionally 
until  the  annual  meeting. 
Newcastle  'Flower  Shows. — The  very  ancient  horticultural 
and  botanical  society  of  this  busy  northern  town  is  holding  two 
exhibitions  this  summer,  of  which  the  first  is  fixed  for  April  9th  and 
10th  in  the  Town  Hall  and  Corn  Exchange,  and  the  second  on  July 
23rd  and  24th  in  Leazes  Park.  Excellent  prizes  for  practically 
everything  that  is  in  season  about  the  dates  of  the  shows  are  offered, 
and  it  is  hoped  that  they  will  be  successful  as  well  financially  as 
horticulturally.  The  secretary  is  Mr.  I.  B.  Reid,  Mosley  Chambers, 
30,  Mosley  Street,  Newcastle. on-Tyne,  from  whom  all  particulars  may 
be  obtained. 
Bristol  Gardeners’  Association. — The  fortnightly  meeting  of 
the  society  was  held  at  St.  John’s  Parish  Room  on  Thursday, 
January  31st.  Mr.  A.  J.  Hancock  presided  over  a  good  attendance. 
The  lecture  was  given  by  Mr.  A.  Moore-Sara  of  Stoke  Bishop  on 
“  Leaves.”  With  the  aid  of  diagrams,  as  well  as  many  green  and 
dried  specimens,  he  was  able  to  make  the  subject  at  once  interesting 
and  instructive.  He  dealt  in  very  clear  detail  with  the  many  and 
varied  forms  of  leaves,  their  arrangements,  the  leaf  veins,  leaf 
appendages,  method  of  water  secretion,  and  the  action  of  chlorophyll. 
Mr.  Moore-Sara’s  lecture  was  much  appreciated,  he  being  heartily 
thanked  for  it.  Prizes  for  two  foliage  plants  suitable  for  table 
decoration  were  secured  by  Messrs.  Sutton,  Shaddick,  and  Price. 
Certificates  of  merit  went  to  Mr.  White  for  Dendrobium  nobile,  and 
Mr.  Quick  for  Lselia  anceps. 
Beckenham  Horticultural  Society. — On  Friday  last  Mr. 
F.  G.  Cogger,  gardener  to  H.  Potter,  Esq.,  Lawn  Road,  Beckenham, 
gave  a  very  practical  paper  on  the  “  Propagation  and  Culture  of 
Crotons,”  to  a  good  attendance  of  members.  The  minimum 
temperature  most  suitable  was  named  at  60°  during  the  winter,  a 
light  shade  being  given  during  extreme  sun  heat  in  summer,  ventila¬ 
tion,  chiefly  by  bottom  ventilators,  thorough  syringing  at  all  times, 
except  when  temperatures  rather  low,  and  a  compost  of  two  parts 
fibrous  loam,  one  part  peat,  with  a  liberal  addition  of  coarse  sand. 
In  propagating  large  tops  ringing  should  be  practised,  first  using  a 
small  pot  split  in  halves,  filling  this  firmly  with  sphagnum  moss  and  sand. 
When  well  rooted  a  larger  pot  may  be  substituted.  A  good  discussion 
followed.  Mr.  G.  Day  placed  upon  the  table  Lselia  anceps  Stella, 
and  Laalia  anceps  Dawsonia.  On  Friday,  the  15th  inst.,  Mr.  H.  Cooper, 
the  respected  chairman  of  the  society,  will  discourse  on  the  burning 
question,  “  Fifty  Years’  Stoking  Experience.” — T.  C. 
Hessle  Gardeners’  Mutual  improvement  Society. — The 
second  series  of  lectures  given  at  the  society’s  meeting,  January  22nd, 
by  Mr.  Gaut,  Horticultural  Instructor  from  the  Yorkshire  College, 
Leeds ;  the  Rev.  A.  Wordsworth  Savory,  M.A.,  presided.  Mr.  Gaut 
lectured  on  “  The  Principles  and  Practice  of  Propagation,”  illustrated 
by  lantern  views.  The  lecturer’s  remarks  on  the  methods  of  budding 
and  grafting  proved  both  interesting  and  instructive,  and  brought 
forward  a  thoroughly  profitable  discussion.  The  third  lecture  was 
given  on  January  29th,  at  which  the  Rev.  A.  Wordsworth  Savory,  M.A., 
presided.  “  The  Principles  and  Practice  of  Pruning  for  the  Production 
of  Fruit  of  a  Superior  Quality,”  was  the  subject,  illustrated  by  lantern 
views.  The  lecturer  said  that  the  first  step  in  pruning  in  order  to 
obtain  superior  fruits  is  the  thinning  of  all  branches  so  as  to  permit  a 
free  circulation  of  light  and  air  to  all  parts  of  the  tree.  The  first 
lesson  to  be  learnt  is  to  understand  whether  the  trees  are  to  be  pruned 
for  the  production  of  fruit  on  the  young  wood  or  the  old  fruit  spurs. 
In  either  case  we  must  allow  the  leaves  plenty  of  space  to  breathe. 
— J.  F.  D.,  Yorks. 
Messrs.  Protlieroe  &.  Morris’s  Register  for  1901. — We 
have  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  this  very  useful  publication  for  all 
those  in  search  of  a  nursery,  market  garden,  florist  or  seed  business,  or 
of  a  partnership  in  connection  therewith,  which  issues  from  the  offices 
of  this  well-known  firm  at  67,  Cheapside,  London. 
Roses  and  St  George’s  Day.^Mr.  Francis  G.  Heath  writes  as 
follows : — Will  you  kindly  permit  me,  on  behalf  of  the  committee  of 
the  Society  of  St.  George,  to  express  the  hope  that  Rose  growers 
generally  will  endeavour  to  provide  for  the  large  demand  which  it  is 
hoped  and  believed  will  be  ready  on  the  forthcoming  St.  George’s  Day, 
April  23rd,  for  red  and  white  Roses.  Our  honorary  secretary,  Mr. 
Howard  Ruff,  241,  Shaftesbury  Avenue,  Bloomsbury,  would  be  pleased 
to  give  any  information  as  to  the  patriotic  object  of  our  society. 
Subduing  tlie  Elements. — The  International  Congress  assembled 
to  consider  the  employment  of  heavy  guns  for  the  purpose  of  warding 
off  hailstorms  held  its  open  sitting  at  Rome  recently,  abodt  a  thousand 
delegates,  notably  French  and  Austrian,  being  present.  Several  speeches 
were  delivered.  Signor  Rava,  Undersecretary  of  State  for  Agriculture, 
announced  that  the  Italian  Government  intended  to  establish  a 
meteorological  observatory  on  Monte  Rosa.  The  Congress  then  began 
to  deal  with  the  work  before  it.  The  delegates  inspected  the  cannon 
which  it  is  proposed  to  use  for  the  dispersal  of  hailstorms. 
Hanley  Floral  Fete. — This  enterprising  society  is  now  issuing  its 
schedule  for  the  forthcoming  exhibition,  which  will  be  held  in  the  park 
near  Stoke-on-Trent  Station.  Unfortunately  the  precise  date  is  not 
given  in  the  advance  proofs  before  us,  but  it  will  be  advertised  in  due 
course.  The  principal  class  appears  to  be  the  new  century  class  for 
the  best  arranged  collection  of  British  garden  produce  to  occupy  a  table 
space  of  15  feet  by  4  feet.  Fruit,  vegetables,  plants,  and  flowers  must 
be  represented  in  quantities  as  follows: — Nine  varieties  of  fruit  in  not 
less  than  six  kinds  and  not  more  than  two  varieties  of  a  kind ;  black 
and  white  Grapes  one  variety  of  each  ;  nine  varieties  of  vegetables,  in 
not  less  than  six  kinds  ;  twelve  plants  in  pots,  not  exceeding  5^  inches 
in  diameter ;  cut  flowers  in  any  form ;  the  whole  to  be  arranged 
according  to  the  taste  of  the  exhibitor.  In  judging  it  will  be  an 
instruction  to  take  into  consideration  the  quality  of  the  whole  produce, 
the  harmonious  blending,  and  general  arrangement  for  effect.  The 
prizes  are  : — First  prize,  £12  and  silver  cup  value  £6  6s. ;  seoond  prize, 
£8  and  special  prize  value  £3  3s. ;  third  prize,  £5  and  special  prize 
value  £2  2s. ;  and  fourth  prize,  £3  and  special  prize,  pair  Wedgwood’s 
Jardinieres,  value  £1  10s.  There  should  be  a  splendid  competition. 
Sussex  Weather. — The  total  rainfall  at  Abbots  Leigh,  Hayward’s 
Heath,  for  the  past  month  was  097  inch,  being  1*21  inch  below  the 
average.  The  heaviest  fall  was  0-27  inch  on  the  19th.  Rain,  or  snow, 
fell  on  thirteen  days.  The  maximum  temperature  was  49°  on  the  17th, 
22nd,  and  30th;  the  minimum  22°  on  the  6th  and  7th.  Mean  maximum, 
43‘20° ;  mean  minimum,  32'25°  ;  mean  temperature,  37'72° ;  slightly 
above  the  average.  An  average  month.  Frost  on  thirteen  mornings 
keeps  vegetation  in  check,  and  promises  a  good  seed  bed  for  spring. 
— R.  I. 
Meteorological  Observations  at  Cblswlck. — Taken  in  the 
Royal  Horticultural  Society’s  Gardens — height  above  sea  level  24  feet. 
Date. 
Direction  of 
Wind. 
Temperature  of  the 
Air. 
Bain. 
Temperature  of 
the  Soil. 
At  9  A.M. 
Lowest 
Temperature 
on  Grass. 
1901. 
January. 
February. 
At  9  A.M. 
Day. 
Night 
At 
1-ft. 
deep. 
I 
At 
2-ft. 
deep. 
At 
4-ft. 
deep. 
Dry 
Bulb. 
Wet 
Bulb. 
■A3 
m 
<D 
A 
bfi 
5 
4 
* 
o 
Sunday  ..27 
Monday.  .28 
Tuesday  29 
Wed’sday  30 
Thursday  31 
Friday  . .  1 
Saturday  2 
S.W. 
S.W. 
W.N.W. 
w.s.w. 
W.S.W. 
w.s.w. 
S.E. 
deg. 
61-9 
36-6 
34-6 
34-9 
32  4 
32-1 
35  •; 
deg. 
47-9 
35-3 
312 
32- 8 
31-3 
31-2 
33- 8 
deg. 
54-6 
40-6 
38-6 
40 '7 
37-6 
40T 
42-4 
deg. 
39*3 
36  2 
30*5 
33  4 
29-9 
28  0 
29-7 
ins. 
0  17 
0*03 
deg. 
42*0 
422 
40-2 
38-7 
38-1 
37-6 
37-0 
deg. 
43- 8 
44- 1 
43-7 
43-0 
423 
41-8 
41-3 
deg. 
45-8 
45-8 
45-9 
45-8 
45-8 
45-5 
45-3 
deg. 
25-2 
31*3 
23-3 
25*4 
22-4 
19- 4 
20- 7 
Means  .. 
36-9 
34-8 
42T 
32-4 
Total 
0-20 
39'4 
42-9 
45-7 
24-0 
The  first  part  of  the  week  was  remarkable  for  a  heavy  gale  from 
W.N.W.,  which  raged  for  two  days  and  nights,  and  the  latter  part  was 
dull  and  oold  with  brief  intervals  of  bright  sunshine. 
