February  21,  1901. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER . 
Jl  65 
fSfManure  for  Lawns  ( J .  C.,  Dorchester). — A  pood  stimulating  manure 
for  lawns  may  be  prepared  by  mixing  £  cwt.  of  superphosphate  of  lime, 
i  cwt,  kainit,  g-  cwt.  of  nitrate  of  soda.  It  may  be  made  more  lasting 
in  effect  by  using  half  of  this  mixture,  and  half  of  finely  ground  bones 
or  bonemeal.  A  cheap  rough  stimulant  to  lawns  may  be  made  by 
mixing  equal  parts  of  basic  slag  and  soot,  using  at  the  rate  of  5  owt. 
to  the  acre.  Either  of  the  above  mixtures  may  be  applied  at  the  rate  of 
3  cwt.  to  the  acre.  Very  hot  lawns  must  not  be  too  closely  cut  in 
summer. 
Raspberry  Pruning  in  Autumn  or  Spring  ( Irish  Fruit  Grower). — 
We  have  made  a  practice  of  cutting  out  the  old  canes  as  soon  as 
convenient  after  the  fruit  has  been  gathered.  We  have  also  deferred 
cutting  out  the  old  canes  until  spring,  and  then  shortening  the  young 
canes.  The  only  advantage  is  that  the  old  canes  act  as  a  sort  of 
protection  to  the  young  during  the  winter,  and  any  damage  to  these 
from  severe  frost,  which  usually  occurs  at  the  immature  tops  of  the 
canes,  can  be  seen,  and  the  canes  shortened  to  uninjured  wood,  whilst 
in  a  mild  winter  the  top  buds  may  have  pushed,  and  the  shortening  to 
unpushed  buds  sometimes  prevents  injury  to  the  growths  from  late 
spring  frosts.  What  sap  descends  to  the  roots  in  winter  we  do  not 
know,  there  not  being  any  circulation  cf  sap  as  occurs  in  the  blood  of 
animals,  it  being  with  plants  a  matter  of  diffusion  and  transference, 
and  certainly  sap  descends  to  the  roots,  and  is  there  reserved  for  use 
in  the  spring.  It  is  a  question  of  stored  matter,  and  the  right  procedure 
is  to  get  it  into  the  canes  as  well  as  the  rootstock,  which  are  to  supply 
the  nutritive  material  in  and  for  those  fruiting  in  the  following  summer. 
This  depends  on  the  formation  and  maturation  in  the  previous  season, 
hence  arises  the  necessity  for  cutting  out  the  old  canes  so  as  to  give 
them  the  fullest  advantage  of  the  late  summer  and  autumn  sun. 
Stocks  for  Plums  {Idem). — The  practice  of  budding  or  grafting 
Victoria  Plum  on  Myrobalan  or  Cherry  Plum  (Prunus  cerasifera) 
stocks  is  of  recent  date,  and  mostly  practised  in  the  United  States  of 
America,  where  the  summers  are  hotter  than  here,  and  the  results  are, 
on  the  whole,  satisfactory  there.  In  this  country  the  Plums  worked  on 
that  stock,  especially  on  seedlings,  grow  too  freely,  hence  are  not  as 
fruitful  as  those  budded  or  grafted  on  the  Mussel  stock.  The  French, 
however,  have  selected  Myrobalan  stocks,  and  raised  from  cuttings, 
that  induce  a  fruitful  habit. 
Names  of  Fruits  (A.  C.  K.). —  A  very  handsome  specimen  of  Lane’s 
Prince  Albert,  (4.  C.  IT.). — No  one  could  name  the  Pear  with  any 
degree  of  certainty.  Had  the  specimens  been  half  as  large  again  we 
should  have  said  the  variety  was  Martin  Sec,  one  of  our  oldest  culinary 
Pears.  The  fruits  may  be  from  an  overcropped  and  partially  exhausted 
tree.  (Somerset). — The  Apples  are  long  past  their  best;  they  more 
nearly  resemble  Wheeler’s  Russet  than  any  we  know. 
Names  of  Plants  ( 0 .  B.).~—  1,  Pteris  umbrosa;  2,  Cyrtomium 
falcatum ;  3,  Adiantum  Pacotti ;  4,  Cheilantbes  hirta;  5,  Gymno- 
gramma  scbizophylla  ;  6,  Pteris  longifolia.  (G.  IT.).  — 1,  Cattleya 
Trianse,  good  form  ;  2,  Laslia  at. ceps  ;  3,  Cattleya  Loddigesi. 
(T.  J.). — The  leaf  is  that  of  the  Silver  Tree,  Leucadendron  argenteum. 
The  “Mimosa”  of  the  London  and  provincial  markets  is  Acacia 
dealbata.  (J.  C.,  Dorchester). — 1,  Dendrobium  crassinode  ;  2,  D.  nobile 
Wallichianum.  (W.  A.). — 1,  Osmanthus  fiagrans  ;  2,  Pieris  japonica  ; 
3,  Veronica  Andersoni  variegata ;  4,  Libonia  floribunda;  5,  Boronia 
heterophylla  ;  6,  Maranta  argentea.  ( R .  Ogston). —  Cattleya  Trianse, 
pretty,  but  not  a  good  form,  flower  deficient  in  colour  and  size. 
Trade  Catalogues  Received. 
Cooper,  Taber  &  Co.,  Ltd.,  Southwark  Street,  London. —  Wholesale  List 
of  Agricultural  Seeds. 
F.  A.  Haage,  jun.,  Erfurt. — Seeds. 
Johannes  Rafn,  Copenhagen,  Denmark. — Tree  Seeds. 
Ant.  Roozen  &  Son,  Overveen,  near  Haarlem,  Holland. —  Bulhs  and 
Seeds. 
Vilmorin-Andrieux  &  Co.,  4,  Quai  de  la  Megisserie,  Paris.  — 
Chrysanthemums. 
W.  Watson  &  Sons,  Clontarf  Nurseries,  Dublin. — Choice  Plants. 
- «  mtm.  i - 
Covent  Carden  Market. — Febrnary  20th. 
Average  Wholesale  Prices. — Fruit. 
s.  d.  s.  d.  s.  d.  s.  d. 
Apples,  cooking,  bush.  ... 
2  6  to  7  0 
Lemons,  case  . 
9  0  to  16  0 
,,  Californian,  case 
7  -6 
9  6 
Oranges,  case . 
6  0 
15  0 
Apricots,  Cape,  box 
8  0 
10  0 
Pears,  crate  . 
3  0 
7  0 
Chestnuts,  bag,  from 
5  0 
15  0 
,,  stewing,  case  of 
Cobnuts,  doz.  lb.,  best  .. 
4  0 
5  0 
72  to  120 . 
4  6 
6  6 
Grapes,  black . 
0  6 
2  6 
,,  Californian,  case 
15  0 
18  0 
„  Dutch,  lb . 
0  6 
1  0 
,,  i  case . 
9  0 
10  0 
„  white,  per  lb.  ... 
1  6 
5  0 
Pines,  St.  Michael’s,  each 
1  6 
4  6 
Average  Wholesale 
Prices. — Vegetables. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Artichokes,  green,  doz.  ... 
2  6  to  3  6 
Greens,  bush . 
0  6  to  1  0 
„  Jerusalem,  sieve 
1  6 
0  0 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0  2 
0  0 
Asparagus  (Sprue  Grass) 
0  6 
0  8 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
o  n 
0  0 
„  English,  100 
7  0 
0  0 
Lettuce,  doz.  French  ... 
0  8 
1  0 
,,  Giant,  bundle  ... 
15  0 
20  0 
Mushrooms,  forced,  lb.  ... 
0  8 
0  9 
,,  Spanish,  bundle . 
1  6 
1  9 
Mustard  and  Cress,  pnnt. 
0  2 
0  0 
,,  Paris  Green 
5  0 
6  0 
Onions,  Dutch,  bag 
3  6 
0  0 
Batavia,  doz  . 
1  3 
1  6 
,,  English,  cwt.  ... 
5  0 
0  0 
Beans,  French,  per  lb.  ... 
010 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs. 
2  0 
3  0 
„  Jersey,  per  lb.  ... 
1  6 
2  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
3  0 
7  0 
Beet,  red,  doz . 
0  6 
0  0 
Radishes,  doz  . 
1  0 
1  3 
Broccoli,  bush . 
0  6 
1  0 
Rhubarb,  doz . 
1  2 
1  5 
Brussels  Sprouts,  sieve... 
1  0 
2  0 
Savoys,  tally  . 
4  0 
5  0 
Cabbages,  tally  . 
3  0 
5  0 
Scotch  Kale,  per  bushel... 
0  6 
1  3 
Carrots,  doz.  bncb . 
2  0 
3  0 
Seakale,  best,  doz . 
12  0 
0  0 
Cauliflowers,  doz . 
1  6 
3  0 
„  2nd, doz . 
6  0 
8  0 
Celery,  bundle . 
1  0 
1  9 
Shallots,  lb . 
0  2 
0  3 
Chicory,  Belgian,  lb 
0  4 
0  0 
Spinach,  bush .  ... 
2  6 
3  6 
Corn  Salad,  strike . 
1  0 
1  3 
Turnips,  doz . 
2  0 
3  0 
Cucumbers,  doz . 
12  0 
18  0 
Turnip  tops  . 
0  9 
1  0 
Endive,  doz  . 
1  6 
0  0 
Watercress,  doz  ....  ... 
0  8 
010 
Average  Wholesale  Prices. — Cut  Flowers 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
8.  d. 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch 
1  6  to  2  6 
Maidenhair  Fern,  dozen 
Carnations,  12  blooms  ... 
2  0 
3  0 
bunches . 
4  0  to  8  0 
Cattleyas,  doz . 
10  0 
18  0 
Mimosas,  bnch . 
1  0 
1  6 
Daffodils,  doz . 
6  0 
9  0 
Odontoglossums  . 
6  0 
8  0 
Eucharis,  doz .  '... 
4  0 
6  0 
Poinsettias,  doz.  blooms . 
8  0 
12  0 
Gardenias,  doz . 
3  0 
5  0 
Roses  Tea,  white,  doz.  ... 
1  0 
3  0 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
,,  yellow,  doz.  (Perles) 
2  0 
4  0 
bunches . 
8  0 
12  0 
,,  red,  doz . 
6  0 
10  0 
Hyacinths,  doz . 
4  0 
8  0 
„  Catherine  Mermet, 
Lilium  lancifolium  album 
3  0 
5  0 
doz . 
6  0 
12  0 
„  ,,  rub  rum 
3  0 
5  0 
Smilax,  bunch . 
3  0 
5  0 
„  various . 
4  0 
8  0 
Tulips,  yellow,  doz.  bnchs. 
6  0 
9  0 
Lilac,  white,  bunch, 
3  0 
5  0 
„  white  „  „ 
8  0 
10  0 
Lily  of  the  Yalley,  12  bun. 
8  0 
15  0 
5)  red  ))  )) 
6  0 
8  0 
Average 
Acers,  doz . 
Arbor  Vitae,  var.,  doz. 
Aspidistra,  doz. 
Aspidistra,  specimen 
Azaleas,  various,  each 
Boronias.  doz . 
Cannas,  doz . 
Crotons,  doz . 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz. 
Dracaena,  viridis,  doz. 
Erica,  various,  doz. 
Euonymus,  var.,  doz. 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz. 
Ferns,  var.,  doz. 
„  small,  100 
Ficus  elastica,  each 
Wholesale  Prices. — Plants  in  Pots 
s. 
d. 
8.  < 
a. 
12 
0to24 
0 
6 
0 
36 
0 
18 
0 
36 
0 
15 
0 
20 
0 
2 
6 
5 
0 
20 
0 
24 
0 
18 
0 
0 
0 
18 
0 
30 
0 
12 
0 
30 
0 
9 
0 
18 
0 
8 
0 
18 
0 
6 
0 
18 
0 
4 
0 
18 
0 
4 
0 
18 
0 
4 
0 
8 
0 
1 
6 
7 
6 
s.  d.  s.  d. 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each  1  0to5  0 
Geraniums,  scarlet,  doz.  GO  10  0 
„  pink,  doz.  ...  8  0  10  0 
Hydrangeas,  white,  each  2  6  5  0 
,,  pink,  doz . 12  0  15  6 
„  paniculata,  each  10  3  0 
Lilium  Harrisi,  doz  ...  8  0  18  0 
Lycopodiums,  doz .  3  0  6  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz....  8  0  10  0 
Mignonette,  doz .  8  0  12  0 
Myrtles,  doz .  6  0  9  0 
Palms,  in  var.,  each  ...  10  15  0 
,,  specimens  .  21  0  63  0 
Roses,  doz .  6  0  18  0 
Stocks,  doz .  8  0  12  0 
TTative  Guano  Company.— We  have  received  a  bulky  pamphlet 
embodying  the  numerous  testimonials  which  have’ been  volunteered  by 
the  customers  of  this  firm  during  1900,  certifying  to  the  excellence  of 
their  manure.  These  amount  to  some  500  in  number,  and  relate  to  its 
use  in  the  cultivation  of  almost  every  cereal  and  vegetable,  of  fruit 
trees,  Grapes,  Strawberries,  Tomatoes,  Cucumbers,  Roses,  and  Chrys¬ 
anthemums.  Among  the  donors  appear  the  names  of  many  well-known 
in  the  horticultural  world  as  cultivators,  exhibitors,  or  writers,  and 
if  a  good  character  counts  for  anything  “  Native  Guano”  should  realise 
to  the  full  every  reasonable  expectation  of  those  who  may  be  induced 
to  give  it  a  trial.  Repeated  orders  of  it,  varying  from  six  to  eighteen, 
seem  not  to  be  uncommon. 
A  Good  Hay  Crop, 
Taking  our  heading  as  a  text,  we  might,  to  follow  the  line  of 
eminent  divines,  divide  the  subject  into  two  heads.  The  first 
important  point  is  to  secure  a  good  growth  of  grass;  the  second, 
equally  important,  is  to  turn  that  grass  into  grod  hay.  Naturally, 
the  aiid  and  management  thereof  are  the  factors  in  the  first  case  ; 
and,  it.  the  second,  we  might  say,  everything  depends  upon  a  cause 
outside  our  control — namel\,  the  weather.  But  a  wise  man  will  bear 
in  mind  the  fact  that  weather  can  in  some  degree  be  circumvented; 
