June  20,  1901. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
533 
Seedling  Vines  not  Fruiting  (IF.  TF.).— The  oause  of  the  caneB  not 
showing  signs  of  frait  is  the  non -formation  of  bunches  in  embryo  in  the 
buds  daring  last  year,  which  could  hardly  be  expected,  they  having 
grown  6  feet  in  length,  and  ripened  fairly  well.  The  canes  should  have 
been  out  down  to  a  couple  of  buds  each,  and  the  most  promising  of  the 
growths  retained,  rubbing  the  other  off.  The  cane  reserved  ought  to  be 
trained  near  the  glass,  but  not  so  close  as  to  touch  it  with  the  leaves, 
and  have  ample  room  for  development.  Pinch  the  laterals  at  the  first 
leaf,  and  the  sub-laterals  also  to  one  joint  as  made.  Stop  the  cane  at 
8  to  9  feet,  and  take  forward  the  lateral  pushing  from  the  joint  in 
place  of  the  cane,  and  stop  this  at  the  third  joint,  afterwards  pinching 
all  growths  to  one  leaf.  Under  ordinary  cultural  treatment  the  cane 
will  be  strong  with  well  ripened  wood  and  plump  buds,  and  being 
shortened  to  a  good  bud  immediately  below  the  point  of  stopping,  and 
the  laterals  being  out  off  Close,  it  is  likely  fruit  will  show  on  some  of 
the  growths  pushing  next  year.  This,  however,  is  not  always  the  case, 
seedling  Vines,  as  a  rule,  not  usually  bearing  until  the  third  or  fourth 
year  from  sowing  the  seed.  Surely  there  is  some  mistake  in  respect  of 
parent  of  the  seedlings  being  Alicante  crossed  with  Ham  Green 
Favourite  Tomato,  and  also  in  the  Grape  berries  having  Tomato  seed 
as  well  as  the  Grape  “  pips.’’  This,  if  correct,  is  something  more  than 
a  phenomenon,  and  altogether  at  variance  with  the  natural  order  of 
reproduction.  It  is  not  unusual  for  the  foliage  to  be  quite  distinct 
from  the  parent,  seedling  Vines  varying  considerably. 
Brown  Deposit  on  Bunches  of  Black  Hamburgh  Grapes  (Sigma). — 
The  berries  are  affected  by  what  is  known  as  rust,  and  is  the  result  of 
some  injury  to  the  cutiole,  or  skin,  of  the  berries,  giving  them  a  rusty 
appearance.  It  is  usually  caused  whilst  the  skin  is  young  and  tender, 
commonly  about  thinning  time,  and  disfigures  them  even  when  ripe. 
Once  it  is  produced,  reniedy  is  out  of  the  question ;  only  cutting  out 
the  affected  berries  is  of  any  use.  Various  views  have  been  put 
forward,  and  several  opinions  held,  as  to  the  cause  of  rust.  The  chief 
oause,  in  our  experience,  is  a  chill,  the  atmosphere  of  the  house  being 
heated  by  the  sun  on  some  bright  sunny  morning  to  a  high  degree,  and 
then  admitting  air  too  freely,  so  as  to  induoe  rapid  evaporation,  a 
lowering  of  the  temperature,  and  consequently  a  chill,  or,  in  other 
words,  a  cold  draught  of  air  is  induced,  the  cutiole  of  the  berries  is 
injured,  hardened,  and  rust  follows.  Rust,  however,  may  be  due  to 
other  oauses.  One  of  the  most  common  is  steam  from  hot-water  pipes, 
they  being  syringed  when  highly  heated ;  hence  rust  occurs  most  in 
early  houses,  where  a  good  deal  of  firing  is  required,  and  especially 
where  sulphur  has  been  applied  to  the  pipes  too  early  in  order  to  destroy 
red  spider.  Sulphurous  fumes,  and  even  sulphides,  are  very  injurious 
to  the  skin  of  Grapes,  especially  when  the  berries  are  young  and  tender, 
and  later  on  there  is  danger  of  so  injuring  the  cutiole  as  to  prevent 
the  proper  swelling  of  the  berries.  Touching  the  berries  with  the  hand, 
or  even  the  hair  of  the  head,  will  also  produce  rust.  It  is  well, 
therefore,  not  to  touch  or  handle  the  berries  in  any  way,  since  they  are 
so  easily  injured.  Avoid  cold  draughts  or  currents  of  air,  and  also 
sulphur  fumes,  whilst  the  Grapes  are  young,  then  rust  will  seldom, 
if  ever,  occur,  though  we  have  known  it  to  occur  by  using  water 
containing  iron. 
Leaves  Blistered  (R.  M.  R.). — The  leaves,  Almond,  Neotarine,  or 
Peach,  are  attacked  by  the  leaf  curl  fungus,  Exoacous  deformans,  which 
oauses  affected  leaves  to  become  curled,  distorted,  and  thickened,  and  of 
a  pale  yellowish  green,  then  rosy  or  purplish  colour ;  finally  the  convex 
portions  of  the  diseased  leaves  become  covered  with  a  very  delicate 
whitish  bloom,  which  represents  the  fruits  of  the  fungus,  burst  through 
the  cutiole  and  enabling  the  spores  to  be  diffused.  Oftentimes  the 
young  shoots  are  also  swollen  and  distorted  by  the  fungus,  the  mycelium 
being  perennial  in  the  branches,  and  each  season  passes  into  the  leaf 
buds,  whioh  consequently  contain  the  mycelium  of  the  fungus  in  their 
tissues  when  they  expand  the  following  spring.  Infection  of 
apparently  healthy  trees  must  necessarily  arise  from  the  presenoe  of 
spores  floating  in  the  air  and  alighting  on  leaves  or  twigs.  The  disease 
is  common  to  outdoor  Peaches  and  Nectarines,  and  somewhat  abundant 
this  season  on  Almond  trees,  the  affeoted  leaves  ultimately  withering 
and  falling  prematurely.  The  disease  is  less  abundant,  and  sometimes 
entirely  absent  in  a  genial  spring,  when  the  foliage  quickly  attains  its 
full  size  without  check,  but  it  is  rampant  when  the  leaves  have 
commenced  growth  under  favourable  auspices  and  are  afterwards  cheoked 
by  a  sudden  fall  in  temperature.  Warm,  congenial  weather  completely 
foils  the  fungus,  clean  growth  following  after  the  weather  becomes 
settled.  Protection,  therefore,  is  one  of  the  best  means  of  preventing 
attacks  of  the  fungus,  and  where  this  is  well  provided  and  attended  to 
fungus  makes  little,  if  any,  progress.  When,  on  the  other  hand,  wall 
trees  are  not,  or  indifferently  protected,  blistered  leaves  and  shoots  are 
oommon  in  cold  springs,  especially  after  frosts  and  cutting  winds. 
Spraying  with  dilute  Bordeaux  mixture  has  been  advised,  but  the 
foliage  of  Peaches  and  Neotarines  is  very  susceptible  to  injury,  hence 
it  must  be  treated  very  carefully,  and  best  left  alone.  The  spraying,  if 
done,  should  be  just  when  the  leaf  buds  are  beginning  to  expand,  and 
again  after  an  interval  of  three  weeks.  This  is  intended  as  a  safeguard 
against  windborne  spores  inoculating  the  trees.  The  remedy  is  to  ont 
off  and  destroy  the  affected  shoots  and  leaves,  but  this  must  be  done 
gradually,  removing  some  of  the  worst  first,  and  so  on  at  intervals  of 
a  few  days  until  the  whole  are  removed  and  burned  ;  then,  with  genial 
weather,  the  trees  will  make,  other  conditions  being  favourable,  clean, 
healthy  growth. 
Names  of  Plants  (G.  A.). — 1,  Tecoma  jasminoides ;  2,  Alyssum 
saxatile  citrinum.  (Rill).  —  1,  Oncidium  altissimum ;  2,  Brassia 
verrucosa ;  3,  Carex  Brunnea  variegata  ;  4,  next  week  ;  6,  Nephrolepis 
cordifolia  ;  6,  Polypodium  aurenmvar.  areolatum.  (A.  P.). — 1,  Probably 
Spiraea  bella  ;  2,  Spiraea  betulaefolia  ;  3,  Clematis  Fortunei  var. ; 
4,  .Inula  grandiflora.  (J.  A.). — 1,  Cattleya  Mossiae ;  2,  Veronica 
Teucrium ;  3,  Tradescantia  virginica ;  4,  Heuchera  sanguinea ;  5, 
Erigeron  macranthus ;  6,  Saxifraga  Macnabiana.  (S.  P.). — 1,  Saxifraga 
pyramidalis ;  2,  Veronica  repens  var.;  3,  V.  amethystina;  4,  Lychnis 
viscaria;  5,  Saxifraga  taygetea;  6,  Geranium  sanguineum  ;  7,  Heli- 
anthemum  luteum  ;  8,  Sedum  rupestre.  (J.  N.). — 1,  Hibiscus  syriaous ; 
2,  Cissus  discolor ;  3,  Mesembryanthemum  Browni ;  4,  Fittonia  gigantea ; 
(C.  fy  Sons). — Allium  moly.  (J.  T.). — 1,  Jasminum  humile  ;  2,  Linum 
nabonnense  ;  3,  Acacia  platyptera  ;  4,  Mertensia  sibirica.  (A.  L.  F.). 
— 1,  Rheum  undulatum  ;  2,  Centranthus  ruber  ;  3,  Dendrobium  Devoni- 
anum ;  4,  Linaria  alpina.  (R.  F.)  — 1,  Clintonia  umbellata ;  2,  Rosa 
lutea.  (F.). — 1,  Dianthus  csesius ;  2,  probably  Crambe  orientale. 
Covent  Garden  Market. — June  19th. 
Average  Wholesale  Prices. — Fruit. 
a.  d. 
8.  d. 
8.  d. 
s.  d. 
Apples,  Tasmanian,  case 
9  0tol2  0 
Lemons,  Messinas,  case 
9  0tol2  0 
Apricots,  20s.,  24s.  ...box  1  0 
1  3 
„  Naples  . 
18  0 
24  0 
Bananas  . 
.80 
12  0 
Melons,  each  . 
1  6 
2  6 
Figs,  green,  doz . 
.  4  0 
10  0 
Oranges,  case . 
15  0 
35  0 
Grapes,  Hamburgh,  lb. .. 
.  1  6 
2  6 
Pines,  St.  Michael’s,  each 
2  6 
4  6 
„  Muscat  . 
.  3  0 
4  0 
Strawberries,  lb . 
0  4 
1  0 
Average  Wholesale 
Prices. — Vegetables. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Artichokes,  green,  doz.  .. 
2.0  to  3  0 
Horseradish,  bnch . 
1  2  to  1  6 
„  Jerusalem ,  sieve 
1  6 
0  0 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
0  1* 
0  2 
Asparagus,  English,  100  1  6 
2  0 
Lettuce,  doz . 
0  6 
1  0 
Batavia,  doz  . 
2  0 
0  0 
Mushrooms,  forced,  lb. ... 
0  8 
0  9 
Beans,  French,  lb . 
0  9 
10 
Mustard  and  Cress,  pnnt. 
0  2 
0  0 
Beet,  red,  doz . 
0  6 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs. 
2  0 
3  0 
Broccoli,  bush . 
0  0 
0  0 
Peas,  blue,  per  bus. 
3  0 
6  0 
Cabbages,  tally  . 
1  6 
3  0 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
3  0 
7  0 
Carrots,  new,  doz.  bnch 
4  0 
6  0 
„  New  Jersey,  cwt 
8  0 
9  0 
Cauliflowers,  doz . 
5  0 
6  0 
Radishes,  doz . 
0  6 
0  9 
Chicory,  Belgian,  lb 
0  4 
0  0 
Rhubarb,  doz . 
1  0 
1  3 
Corn  Salad,  strike . 
1  0 
1  3 
Shallots,  lb . 
0  4 
0  0 
Cucumbers,  doz . 
2  6 
4  0 
Spinach,  bush . 
4  0 
5  0 
Endive,  doz  . 
1  3 
2  0 
Tomatoes,  English,  lb.  ... 
0  6 
0  8 
Greens,  bush . 
1  0 
1  6 
Turnips,  doz.,  new . 
6  0 
8  0 
Herbs,  bunch . 
0  2 
0  0 
Watercress,  doz  . 
0  6 
0  8 
Average  Wholesale  Prices. — Plants  In  Pots. 
8.  d. 
8.  d 
s.fl. 
s.  d. 
Acers,  doz . 
12  0to24  0 
Fuchsias  . 
5  0to6  0 
Aralias,  doz . 
5  0 
12  0 
Geraniums,  scarlet,  doz. 
4  0 
5  0 
Araucaria,  doz .  21  0  30  0 
Aspidistra,  doz .  18  0  36  0 
Crotons,  doz .  18  0  30  0 
Dracaena,  var.,  doz.  ...  12  0  30  0 
Dracaena,  viridis,  doz.  ...  9  0  18  0 
Erica,  various,  doz.  ...  18  0  36  0 
Euonymus,  var.,  doz.  ...  6  0  18  0 
Evergreens,  var.,  doz.  ...  4  0  18  0 
Ferns,  var.,  doz .  4  0  18  0 
Ferns,  small,  100  .  10  0  16  0 
pink,  doz .  4  0  6  0 
,,  King  of  Denmark.doz.  5  0  6  O’ 
Hydrangea  panicula,  doz.  18  0  30  0 
Hydrangeas,  white,  pink  9  0  12  0 
Lycopodiums,  doz .  3  0  4  0 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz....  6  0  12  0 
Mignonette,  doz .  6  0  8  0 
Myrtles,  doz .  60  90 
Palms,  in  var.,  doz.  ...  15  0  30  0 
,,  specimens  .  21  0  63  0 
Ficus  elastica,  doz. 
9  0 
12  0 
Pelargoniums .  6  0 
8  0 
Foliage  plants,  var.,  each 
1  0 
5  0 
,,  Ivy  leaf  ...  4  0 
6  0 
Average  Wholesale  Prices. — Cat  Flowers. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
s.  d. 
Arums,  doz . 
2  6  to  3  0 
Maidenhair  Fern,  dozen 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bunch 
1  6 
2  6 
bnchs .  4  0  to  6  0 
Carnations,  12  blooms  ... 
1  0 
1  6 
Marguerites,  white,  doz. 
Cattleyas,  doz . 
6  0 
9  0 
bunches .  3  0 
4  0 
Cornflower,  doz.  bnchs _ 
1  0 
1  6 
„  yellow,  doz.  bnchs.  2  0 
3  0 
Eucharis,  doz . , 
2  0 
0  0 
Mignonette,  English,  doz.  4  0 
6  0 
Freesia,  doz.  bnchs. 
0  0 
0  0 
Odontoglossums  .  2  0 
3  0 
Gardenias,  doz . 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
1  6 
2  0 
Roses,  Niphetos,  white, 
doz .  1  0 
2  0 
bunches . 
4  0 
0  0 
„  pink,  doz .  1  0 
3  0 
Gladioli,  doz.  bnchs. 
6  0 
9  0 
„  yellow,  doz.  (Perles)...  1  0 
1  6 
Gypsophila,  doz.  bnchs. 
3  0 
5  0 
,,  red,  doz .  0  6 
1  0 
Iceland  Poppies,  doz. bnchs 
1  0 
2  0 
Smilax,  bunch .  3  0 
6  0 
Iris,  Spanish,  doz.  bnchs. 
6  0 
8  0 
Stephanotis,  doz .  1  0 
2  6 
Lilium  lancifolium  album 
2  0 
3  0 
Stock,  white,  doz.  bnchs.  2  6 
4  0 
„  ,,  rubrum 
3  0 
5  0 
Sweet  Peas,  white,  doz. 
4  0 
„  longifiorum . 
1  6 
2  0 
bunches .  2  0 
Lilac,  white,  bunch,  .., 
3  0 
0  0 
,,  coloured, doz. bnchs.  2  0 
4  0 
Lily  of  the  Valley, 12  bnchs  12  0 
18  0 
Tuberoses,  gross  .  4  0 
0  0 
Next  Week’s  Events. 
Friday,  21st. — Leoture  on  “Plant  Cultivation  in  British  Colonies,”  at 
Regents  Park. 
Wednesday,  26th. — N.R.S.,  Richmond,  Surrey. 
Thursday,  27th. —  Colchester  Rose  and  Horticultural  Society’s  Show 
(three  days) 
