July  3,  1902. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
21 
MARECHAL  NIEL  ROSE  LEAVES  DISEASED  (A  Young 
Beginner). — The  leaves  appear  to  be  attacked  by  orange  fungus, 
to  destroy  which  dissolve  2oz  of  blue  vitriol  in  hot  water,  and 
then  add  3  gallons  of  cold  water,  and  with  this  sponge  the 
leaves  or  syringe  the  tree;  and  as  t  lit'  fungus  is  chiefly  on  the 
under  side  of  the  leaves  care  should  be  taken  to  wet  them  there 
with  the  'solution.  Supply  liquid  manure,  and  if  planted  out 
mulch  with  partially  decayed  manure.  Softsoap  at  the  rate  r't 
4oz  to  the  gallon  is  also  good  against  the  parasite,  but  not  nearly 
so  effectual  as  the  vitriol  water. 
STRAWBERRIES  EATEN  BY  SLUGS  (J.  P.,  Dublin).— 
We  do  not  know  what  you  can  now  apply  to  prevent  the  fruit 
being  eaten  by  the  slugs ;  but  you  may  raise  the  fruit  above  the 
ground  or  mulching  material  by  some  forked  sticks  thrust  into 
the  ground,  and  place  the  trusses  so  that  they  rest  in  the  fork 
of  the  sticks.  This  will  save  the  majority  of  the-  fruit.  Securing 
the  trusses  of  fruit  to  small  stakes  will  answer  nearly  as  well, 
but  is  more  tedious.  We  use  crinolines  formed  of  galvanised 
wire,  which  answer  perfectly,  not  a  fruit  so  far  as  we  have 
observed  being  eaten  by  slugs. 
FLIES  AND  CATERPILLARS  TO  NAME  (H.  R.,  Kent).— 
The  fly  with  the  long,  narrow  body  is  a  Pempla,  one  of  the 
^chneunronidse,  which,  by  its  larvae,  is  parasitic  on  grubs  or 
maggots  of  other  insects  that  burrow  and  live  in  old  wood,  such 
as  old  posts  and  palings,  hence  it  has  the  best  possible  right  to 
protection.  The  brown  insect  resembles  the  scorched  wing 
moth,  Eurymenei  dolobraria,  but  both  insects  were  very  much 
rubbed.  Its  caterpillars  feed  on  Oak  and  Beech  trees.  The 
caterpillars  are  those*  of  the  common  tiger  moth,  Arctia  caja, 
which  feed  on  a  great  variety  of  plants  in  gardens,  and  com¬ 
monly  known  as  the  “  woolly  bear,”  from  its  dense  coat  of  long 
hairs. 
VINES  ON  LONG  ROD  SYSTEM  (H.  S.).— The  Vines  should 
have  the  eyes  rubbed  off  so  that  the  bearing  shoots  (not  laterals) 
are  15in  to  18in  distance  apart.  This  is  essential  to  admit  light 
and  air  to*  the  bearing  shoots  to  insure  the  proper  development 
and  finishing  of  the  crop.  The  most  probable  cause  of  the  shoots 
having  in  some  cases  more  vigour  than  others  is  their  -taking 
the  lead  and  exhausting  the  stored-up  sap  in  the  rod,  and  though 
the  three  most  vigorous  canes  have  been  detached,  the  remain¬ 
ing  ones  having  no  such  supplies  to  draw  upon  are  comparatively 
stationary.  Another  reason  is  that  the  flow  of  sap  is  most 
abundant  at  the  upper  part  of  the  cane  or  rod,  and  the  shoots 
are  consequently  most  vigorous.  The  Grapes  are  scalded,  which 
is  due  to  the  sun  or  heat  acting  on  the  berries  whilst  covered 
with  moisture.  When  Grapes  begin  colouring  they  should  have 
a  little  ventilation  constantly. 
NECTARINES  DISEASED  (J.  H.).— In  the  absence  of  in¬ 
formation  as  Ur  the  condition  of  the  trees  and  the  soil  of  the 
border  in  which  it  is  growing  we  have  some  difficulty  in 
arriving  at  a  correct  solution  of  the  cause  of  the  disease  which 
has  attacked  your  fruit.  The  probability  is  that  it  arises  from 
an  impaired  constitution  of  the  tree,  and  we  are  led  to  this  sup¬ 
position  because  of  the  small  size  of  the  fruit.  This  want  of 
vigour  may  have  been  caused  by  successive  attacks  of  red  spider, 
which  destroy  the  functions  of  the  leaves.  Perhaps  you  may 
have  observed  the  leaves  looking  sickly,  and  the  young  wood 
after  the  leaves  have  fallen  destitute  both  of  fruit  and  leaf  buds; 
if  so*  the  trees  have  suffered  from  this  pest.  Has  the  house 
received  sufficient  air?  These  disease  spots  are  often  produced 
by  inattention  toi  this.  Look  to  the  border  and  see  that  the 
drainage*  is  perfect,  and  the  soil  open  and  porous,  with  a  proper 
admixture  of  calcareous  matter. 
MELONS  NOT  SETTING  (W.,  Herts).— Plants  growing  in 
frames  placed  on  manure  are  not  infrequently  very  vigorous 
from  the  roots  of  the  Melons  passing  through  the  soil  into*  the 
rich  compost  below,  and  over-luxuriance  is  not  favourable  to 
the  setting  of  the*  fruit.  The  only  course  we  can  recommend 
you  to  pursue  is  to  remove  some  of  the  strong  growths,  so  that 
those  remaining  are  so  thinly  disposed  that  the  sun  can  shine 
on  every  leaf.  Tread  the  soil  very  firmly,  being  very  careful 
not  to*  injure  the  foliage,  and  do  not  give  any  water  for  some 
days,  or  only  just  sufficient  to  prevent  the  foliage  flagging. 
If  the  ends  of  the  main  shoots  are  cut  off  when  they  reach  nearly 
to  the  sides  of  the  frame,  the  axillary  growths  following  will 
produce  pistillate  flowers,  to  which  pollen  should  be  applied 
from  the  staminate  an  hour  after  the  frame  has  been  opened 
in  the  morning.  The  fruit-bearing  laterals  should  be  pinched  at 
one  leaf  beyond  the  flower  immediately  the  latter  is  seen,  and 
before  it  expands. 
EDITORIAL  NOTICE.— Our  readers  can  greatly  assist  in  adding 
interest  to  the  pages  of  “The  Journal”  by  their  kindly  con¬ 
tribution  of  timely  notes  and  notices,  and  at  the  present  period 
of  the  year  there  may  be  photographic  examples  of  well-grown 
fruit,  &c..  growing  or  otherwise,  that  would  be  worthy  of  repro¬ 
duction.  The  Editor  would  be  pleased  to  have  such  subjects  for 
consideration  and  probable  use.  He  does  not  guarantee  to  pay 
for  prints  unless  by  special  agreement. 
Meteorological  Observations  at  Chiswick. 
Taken  in  the  Royal  Horticultural  Society’s  Gardens  at  Chis¬ 
wick,  height  above  sea  level  24  feet. 
Date. 
Temperature  of  the 
Air. 
Temperature  of 
the  Soil. 
At  9  A.M. 
1902. 
a 
o  > 
a>  ;> 
At  9  A.M. 
Day. 
Night 
6 
*3 
At 
1-ft. 
deep. 
At 
2-ft. 
deep. 
M  - 
^  ® 
TT  +3  CD 
!  s  a 
June. 
J-4 
5 
Dry 
Bulb. 
Wet 
Bulb. 
43 
co 
0) 
A 
to 
S 
CO 
© 
£ 
O 
J 
4-ft. 
deep. 
J  a  a 
ffl  O 
Sh 
Sunday  ...22 
s.w. 
deg. 
62-4 
deg. 
570 
deg. 
69-0 
deg. 
46-8 
Ins. 
; 
deg. 
59-2 
deg. 
56-9 
deg. 
53-7 
deg. 
39-5 
Monday  ...23 
w.s.w. 
65*4 
58-2 
73-6 
54-0 
_ 
606 
57-3 
53-9 
50-6 
Tuesday  ...24 
s.w. 
66-4 
61-8 
79-8 
52-0 
_ 
61-5 
58-0 
54-2 
46-3 
Wed’sday  25 
S.E. 
67-9 
60-6 
71-2 
58'3 
— 
62-5 
58-7 
54-3 
51-0 
Thursday  26 
S.E. 
70-9 
59-5 
74-7 
56-2 
— 
62-6 
59-3 
54-7 
46-0 
Friday  ...27 
S.E. 
72-9 
62-0 
79-0 
560 
— 
62-7 
59-5 
55-0 
43-5 
Saturday  28 
,  S.E. 
75-6 
63-5 
81-5 
57-2 
63-2 
59-8 
55-2 
43-3 
Means  ... 
68-8 
60-4 
75-5 
54-4 
Total. 
61'8 
58-5 
54-4 
45-7 
A  remarkable  change  has  taken  place  in  the  weather.  The  cold 
cheerless  weather  of  a  week  ago  has  given  place  to  bright  sunny  skies, 
and  the  past  -week  has  been  hotter  by  6degs.  than  the  average  for  the 
previous  three  years  for  the  same  week. 
- - 
Publications  Received. 
“Garten  Flora,”  June  15.  *  *  “The  Canadian  Horticul¬ 
turist”  (Toronto),  June,  1902.  Special  features:  Thinning 
Plums:  Luther  Burbank;  Easter  Beurre  Pear;  Rose  Pests; 
Some  Peculiarities  of  Fruit  Spurs;  Spraying  Demonstration; 
and  Apples  and  Their  Enemies.  *  *  “  Irrigation  Farming,” 
a  handbook  for  the  proper  application  of  water  in  the  production 
of  crops,  by  Lucius  M.  Wilcox:  New  York,  Orange  Judd  Com¬ 
pany,  1902.  *  *  “British  Advertiser,”  Yol.  I.  No.  2,  June. 
Contents :  Why  Some  Advertising  does  not  Pay ;  Education  and 
Advertising,  &c.  *  *  “  University  of  California — College  of 
Agriculture”:  1,  Lands  of  the  Colorado  Delta  in  the  Salton 
Basin;  Bulletin  No.  140:  2,  The  Native  Vegetation  and  Crops 
of  the  Colorado  Delta  in  the  Salton  Basin  (Supplement  to  Bulletin 
140);  3,  Citrus  Fruit  Culture,  by  J.  W.  Mills  (No.  138);  4, 
Orange  and  Lemon  Rot,  by  C.  W.  Woodworth  (No.  139).  The 
two  latter  are  well  illustrated.  *  *  “The  Journal  of  the  De¬ 
partment  of  Agriculture  of  Victoria,”  May,  1902.  Chief 
Contents :  Tobacco  Plants  grown  at  the  Government  (Dookie) 
Farm  ;  Masked  Wood  Swallow  (coloured  plate);  table  and  drying 
Grapes :  Dehorning  Grade  Dairy  Herds ;  The  Continuous  Wine 
Press  ;  Frozen  Produce  Exports.  *  *  “  Revue  Bibliographique 
dee  Sciences  Naturelles,  pures  et  appliquees.”  *  *  “  Cassell’s 
Dictionary  of  Gardening,”  Part  14,  price  7cl.  net:  Coloured  plate 
of  Hollyhocks.  Begins  at  Onithidium  to  Phyllocactus. 
Canada,  Britain's  Granary. 
Such  are  the  words  emblazoned  on  the  triumphal  arch 
erected  by  that  Colony  in  Whitehall  for  the  Coronation. 
That  there  is  much  strength  in  Canada’s  claim  to  the  title 
may  be  readily  allowed,  but  if  we  include  future  possibilities 
it  should  be  well-nigh  unassailable.  Unlike  so  many  other 
new  fields  of  culture,  there  is  neither  lack  of  water  nor  of 
drainage,  the  chief  and  only  drawback  being  the  long  and 
severe  winter.  That  frost  is  not  the  worst  enemy  of  the 
agriculturist  we  most  of  us  know,  for  in  this  country  the 
finest  crops  generally  follow  the  severest  winters.  ^  No 
amount  of  labour  can  produce  such  a  fine  tilth  as  Nature 
does  by  refrigeration. 
A  copy  of  a  Canadian  paper  the  “  Winnepeg  Telegram, 
has  recently  reached  us,  and  the  information  contained  in 
its  pages  is  most  interesting  and  valuable.  Winnepeg  is  the 
capital  of  Manitoba,  and  it  is  only  with  that  province  of  the 
Dominion  that  the  journal  in  question  deals ;  but  the 
