148 
August  14,  1902. 
JOURNAL 
CF  HORTICULTURE 
AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
Insect-proof  Roses. 
Rose  bugs  and  leaf  slugs  are  so  numerous  some  years,'  cue  is 
easily  discouraged  in  outdoor  Rose  growing.  The  Japanese 
Rosa  rugosa  and  the  Wichuriana  Roses  are  very  much  of  an 
encouragement,  for  thus  far  they  seem  to  haye. evaded  the  pests. 
This  may  be  accounted  for  in  the  late  blooming  character,  the 
major  part  of  the  Rose  bugs  having  completed  their  destructive 
work  and  disappeared,  and  also  in  the  rough  leaves  of  the 
rugosa,  and  the  tough  ones  of  the  Wichuriana.  Rosa  rugosa, 
both  red  and  white,  are  being  largely  used  and  their  value 
appreciated.  The  Others  have  not  yet  come  in  for  their  full 
share  of  popularity  as  arbour  vines  and  for  trailing  ever  low  walls. 
An  attractive  way  to  have  a  few  plants  is  to  stake,  them  and 
allow  the  branches  above  to  fall  gracefully  over.  (See  illustra¬ 
tion.) 
Rose  Field  Marshal. 
This  new  Rose,  which  received  an  Award  of  Merit  at  a 
recent  meeting  of  the  Royal  Horticultural'  Society,  is  a  very 
handsome  free-blooming,  climbing,  crimson  China  Rose,  intro¬ 
duced  by  Messrs.  Wm.  Paul  and  Son,  of  Waltham  Cross,  as  a 
companion  to  Marechal  Niel  in  the  greenhouse,  and  also  excel¬ 
lent  for  climbing  out  of  doors,  where  it  can  have  the  protection 
of  a  wall  or  building.  The  flowers  are  very  deep  rich  blood-red, 
of  the  colour  of  Cramoisie  Superieure,  but  nearly  twice  the 
size  of  that  variety,  fuller,  and  more  even  and  regular  in  shape, 
many  of  the  blooms  produced  at  Waltham  Cross  rivalling 
Marechal  Niel  in  size  and  form.  No  climbing  Rose  in  cultiva¬ 
tion  equals  Field  Marshal  in  richness  of  colour,  combined  with 
regularity  of  form,  the  nearest  approach  to  it  being  the  climb¬ 
ing  form  of  Cramoisie  Superieure,  to  which  it  is  immeasurably 
superior  in  the  points  named  above.  It  is  not  yet  in  commerce, 
but  plants  will  be  ready  for  sale  by  May.  (See  illustration). 
Rosa  Wichuriana. 
It  would  be  impossible  to  over-estimate  the  great  usefulness 
of  this  Rose  and  its  progeny  for  covering  gravel  banks  and 
barren  spots  in  the  landscape;  although  now  well  known,  they 
are  not,  perhaps,  so  extensively  planted  as  one  would  naturally 
expect.  In  the  making  and  renovating  of  the  home  grounds, 
parks,  Ac.,  gravel  banks  and  ether  unsightly  places  are  invari¬ 
ably  exposed  to  view;  not  necessarily  by  design  or  accident, 
but  arising  from  various  other  uncontrollable  causes.  There  is 
a  limit  to  the  variety  of  plants '  adapted  for  such  situations, 
but  the  difficulty  has  of  late  become  somewhat  reduced  by  the 
introduction  of  a  number  of  splendid  hybrids,  emanating  from 
R.  Wichuraiana  and  the  Tea  Roses.  That  these  have  been 
gladly  welcomed  by  the  landscape  gardener  is  inevitable. 
Now  that  the  dormant  possibilities  and  expectancies  of 
crossing  this  Rosa  with  the  Teas  has  been  discovered,  it  is  more 
than  probable  (says  the  “  Florists’  Exchange  ”)  that  each  year 
will  produce  other  additions  to  the  existing  list.  Pink  Pearl, 
Gardenia,  Jersey  Beauty,  Evergreen  Gem,  Manda’s  Triumph, 
Pink  Roamer,  Universal  Favourite,  South  Orange  Perfection, 
White  Star,  Crimson  Roamer,  all  have  inestimable  qualities. 
Where  it  is  desired  to  create  what  landscape  men  lovingly 
call  a  “  natural  ”  effect,  do  not  hesitate  to  plant  the  above  list  ; 
in  two  years  the  plants  truly  present  all  the  careless  abandon 
of  Nature.  As  some  of  these  varieties  are  extremely  vigorous, 
making  from  35ft  to  40ft  of  growth  in  a  season,  it  is  not  wise 
to  plant  them  too  near  to  ether  choice  things,  for  in  the  usual 
struggle  for  life  and  superiority  the  Roses  will  win  cut  with 
honours.  We  have  several  banks  here  that  would  now  be  a 
most  interesting  study  to  students  of  the  “  survival  of  the 
fittest”  theory;  in  fact,  most  useful  data  could  be  secured. 
We  are  watching  a  fight  now  in  course  of  progress  between  a 
section  of  Honeysuckle  and  Rose  Pink  Roamer.  The  latter 
pushes  out  its  great,  sprawling,  octopus-like  tentacles  ever  the 
Honeysuckle,  something  like  a  spider  grabbing  a  flv ;  the 
Honeysuckle  resents  this  by  quietly  hitting  the  Rose  below  the 
belt.  Pink  Reamer’s  great  shoots  are  now  being  gradually 
drawn  into  the  net  of  the  Lonicera.  We  now  think  the  Honey¬ 
suckle  will  win.  The  case  is  different  with  small  trees  and  shrubs, 
and  if  the  Roses  are  not  kept  within  bounds  soon  the  former 
become  swallowed  up. 
If  you  have  a  bank  planted  with  “any  old  thing”  and  wish 
to  change  this  from  bad  to  artistic,  grub  out  a  shrub  or  two 
here  and  there  and  replant  with  some  of  the  strongest  growing 
of  these  hybrids;  in  two  or  three  years  that  bank  will  be  a 
dream.  These  Roses  will  thrive  well  under  trees,  if  a  reason¬ 
able  amount  of  light  is  obtained.  Jersey  Beauty  is  grand  for 
this  purpose.  I  have  in  mind  a  group  of  Silver  Birch,  with 
this  Rose  as  an  under  cover.  The  flowers  are  3in  in  diameter 
and  of  a  soft  yellow,  with  bright  yellow  stamens,  and  in  pro¬ 
fusion.  An  effort  of  this  kind  is  refreshing  and  enjoyable,-  and 
will  do  mere  to  soothe  a  ruffled  mind  than  kind  words. 
Before  planting,  the  soil  should  be  well  grubbed  and 
manured,  this  is  particularly  necessary  when  planting  under 
trees  ;  it  induces  the  plants  to-  move  quickly.  Plant  about  5ft 
apart,  or  even  closer  if  immediate  effect  is  desired.  Nothing 
in  the  line  of  insects  seems  to  bother  these  Roses  other  than 
that  little  green  caterpillar,  which  we  all  knew  so  well  in 
connection  with  Roses.  In  slug. shot  we  have  a  faithful  friend 
and  an  infallible  remedy.  It  matters  net,  on  analysis,  what 
may  be  the  market  value  of  its  chemical  constituents,  it  does 
the  work  required  with  dispatch  and  certainty.  We  have 
never  had  to  give  more  than  one  application  per  annum ;  it’s 
worth  a  dollar  a  pound  to  you,  after  you  have  been  humbugging 
around  with  other  things. 
R.  Wichuraiana  seems  to  have  one  advantage  ever  its 
progeny  in  flowering  later.  It  arrives  on  the  scene  with  a 
cheerful  gaiety,  most  acceptable  after  the  hybrids  have  been 
and  gone.  July  15  it  is  in  all  its  glory  with  us;  and  at  that 
time,  when  most  of  the  flowering  shrubs  are  ever,  it  lights  up 
the  landscape  and  is  gladly  welcomed. 
Notes  on  Pines. 
Preparing  Houses  for  Plants. 
.  Thorough  ckanliness  is  very  important  in  the  cultivation  of 
Pine  plants ;  wash  the  houses,  therefore,  as  they  become  vacant 
before  being  again  employed.  Attention  must  be  given  to  bods, 
as  bottom  heat  is  absolutely  necessary.  Whether  the  beds  are 
of  tan  or  leaves,  the  whole  should  be  removed  at  least  once  a 
year,  as  insects,  particularly  woodlice,  rapidly  increase,  the  old 
material  also  harbours  other  vermin.  All  brickwork  must  be 
scalded  and  brushed  with  fresh-made  limewash,  the  wood  and  iron¬ 
work  with  carbolic  soap  and  water,  thoroughly  cleansing,  using 
a  brush,  keeping  the  soapy  water  as  much  as  possible  from  the 
glass,  which  should  be  e’eansed  inside  and  outside  with  water 
only.  If  necessary  the  wood  and  ironwork  may  be  painted, 
always  in  time  for  the  paint  to  become  hard  before  putting  in  the 
fermenting  material,  the  roof  being  made  as  watertight  as 
possible.  Beds  that  are  chambered — that  is,  the  hot-water  pipes 
covered  with  slate  or  other  material — are  much  in  advance  of 
those  surrounded  or  passing  through  beds  of  rubble.  Those  com¬ 
posed  of  the  latter  should  be  turned  over,  and  any  dirt  removed 
to  allow  the  heat  given  off  by  the  pipes  to  penetrate  the  whole 
uniformly  to  the  bed.  Provide  fresh  tan  in  other  cases;  if  wet, 
turn  it  occasionally  on  fine  sunny  days.  With  hot-water  pipes 
beneath  about  3ft  depth  of  tan  is  ample,  but  more  will  be  needed 
where  such  aid  is  not  obtained. 
Potting"  Suckers  Started  in  June. 
When  these  have  filled  the  pots  with  roots,  shift  them  into 
larger  pots  before  the  roots  become  closely  matted  together. 
Queens  are  accommodated  in  9in  or  lOin  pots,  and  those  of 
stronger  growth  in  llin  pots.  Give  water  immediately  after 
potting  if  the  soil  be  at  all  dry,  and  plunge  in  a  bed  having  a 
temperature  of  SOdeg  to  95deg.  Avoid  crowding  the  plants,  this 
being  one  of  the  greatest  mistakes  made  in  growing  young  Pine 
p'ants,  as  they  become  drawn  and  weakly  instead  of  having  a 
sturdy  base,  a  condition  that  should  always  be  secured  if  possible. 
Routine. 
Attend  to  the  bottom  heat  of  beds  that  have  been  recently 
disturbed  or  upset  by  removing  or  replacing  plants,  not  allowing 
the  heat  to  exceed  90deg  at  the  base  of  the  pots  without  being 
immediately  raised,  as  too  much  bottom  heat,  will  disastrously 
affect  plants  with  fruit,  or  those  having  the  pots  filled  with  roots. 
Examine  the  plants  for  watering  about  twice  a  week,  and  main¬ 
tain  a  moist,  genial,  well  ventilated  atmosphere.  The  climatic 
conditions  are  now  so  favourable  that  Pine  plants  grow 
luxuriantly,  therefore  discontinue  any  shading,  such  as  may  have 
been  employed  for  an  hour  or  two  at  midday  when  the  sun  was 
powerful  through  the  months  of  May,  June,  and  July,  the  plants 
after  this  having  the  benefit  of  every  ray  of  sunlight,  admitting 
ah"  plentifully  when  the  temperature  ranges  from  85deg  to  90deg, 
r  fiord  ins  fruiting  plants  a  night  temperature  of  70deg  to  75deg. 
Pome  suckers  should  be  reserved  on  the  old  plants  for  starting  in 
September. — Practice. 
