October  23,  1902. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
393 
QUERY. — A  correspondent  enquires  about  an  illustration 
which  appeared  in  a  London  paper  some  short  time  ago,  of  a 
budding  instrument  called  the  “  Galbreath  Budder.”  He  asks  : 
“  Could  you  send  me  an  illustration  of  same,  give  me  name  of 
inventor,  address  where  sold,  and  cost?”  Any  information 
relative  thereto  will  oblige  cur  correspondent. 
EPIPHYLLUM  CULTURE  (Idem).— They  should  have  enough 
water  to  keep  the  soil  moist,  but  not  sodden,  and  after  flowering 
they  should  have  no  more  than  sufficient  to  keep  the  stems  plump 
until  they  are  started  into  growth  in  the  spring,  then  water 
freely  and  keep  moist.  They  will  flower  well  in  a  temperature  of 
4odeg,  but  may  be  forwarded  in  a  stove.  The  flowers  endure 
longer  in  a  greenhouse  than  in  a  stove.  A  greenhouse  is  most 
suitable  for  them,  with  extra  heat  when  making  new  growth. 
VINES  AGAINST  END  OF  HOUSE  (F.I.).— Plant  the  Vines 
a  yard  apart  18in  from  each  end,  and  the  rods  we  should  take 
upright,  and  cut  them  back  to  3ft,  depressing  the  canes  in  spring 
so  as  to  ensure  their  eyes  breaking  regularly.  When  these  have 
broken  disbud  so  as  to  leave  the  shoots  at  18in  apart  on  both  sides 
of  the  rod,  taking  the  first  at  about  1ft  from  the  soil.  You  will 
require  to  retain  one  shoot  as  a  leader  in  addition  to  the  side 
shoots.  Vines  trained  upright  always  break  much  more  strongly 
at  top  than  bottom,  hence  it  is  good  practice  to  train  the  rods 
in  the  serpentine  form,  and  originate  the  shoots  from  the  horizon¬ 
tal  parts  at  18in  apart  ,  that  distance  being  left  between  one  curve 
and  the  other  next  above  it. 
HYACINTHS  IN  GLASSES  (A  Lady  Amateur).— Place  the 
bulbs  in  the  glasses  after  filling  the  latter  with  soft  water  so 
that  the  base  of  the  bulb  just  or  barely  touches' it,  always  keeping 
the  water  W  that  level,  and  removing  it  whenever  it  becomes 
impure,  as  may  be  known  by  the  ends  of  the  roots  looking  woolly  ; 
then  replace  with  fresh  which  has  been  kept  overnight  in  the 
room  with  the  plants  to  acquire  the  same  temperature.  To  keep 
the  water  longer  sweet,  a  piece  of  charcoal  about  the  size  of  a 
small  walnut  may  be  placed  in  each  glass.  Set  the  glasses  in  a  cool 
and  dark  cupboard  until  the  roots  have  formed,  but  remove  them 
to  the  light  before  the  crown  has  grown  an  inch,  and  then  give  air 
daily  if  mild  weather,  but  do  not  stand  the  glasses  on  stone,  brick, 
or  iron,  but  on  wood.  The  plants  may  be  sprinkled  overhead  every 
day  with  rain  water  until  they  come, into  flower,  which  greatly 
invigorates  them.  Avoid  frost,  wind,  and  a  close  room,  and  keep 
them  off  the  mantelshelf.  A  window  is  the  best  place.  October 
is  the  best  time  to  place  the  bulbs  in  the  glasses. 
FREEING  LAND  FROM  SLUGS  (V.  T.).— The  best  means 
is  to  give  the  land  a  dressing  of  gas  lime,  fresh  from  gasworks, 
applying  Jcwt  per  rod,  spreading  evenly,  and  leaving  a  month 
or  six  weeks  before  digging  in.  The  smell,  however,  is  offensive, 
and  it  may  not  be  used  over  the  roots  of  fruit  or  other  trees, 
but  only  on  bare  ground,  and  that  not  cropped  until  spring.  A 
dressing' of  quicklime  is  effective,  applying  lcwt  per  rod,  placing 
in  little  heaps,  slaking  with  the  smallest  amount  of  water  neces¬ 
sary  to  cause  it  to  fall  into  an  apparently  dry  powder,  and 
spreading  whilst  hot,  leaving  on  the  surface  a  day  or  two  before 
digging  in,  and  choosing  dry  weather.  This  is  preferably  done 
in  the  autumn.  In  spring,  before  sowing  seeds  or  setting  plants, 
the  ground  may  be  dressed  with  nitrate  of  soda,  finely  crushed, 
spreading  evenly,  at  the  rate  of  lflb  per  rod.  It  should  not 
come  into  contact  with  seed  or  plants;  therefore,  apply  before 
taking  out  the  drills.  Taking  the  crown  bud  is  removing  all  the 
buds  on  a  branch  but  the  central  one,  and  is  usually  that  of  buds 
of  a  shoot  on  the  second  break.  It  is,  however,  too  late  for 
crown  buds,  yours  being  what  is  known  as  terminal  bud,  and  this 
is  also  the  terminal  bud  of  a  shoot,  and  the  removal  of  all  the 
buds  of  a  shoot,  but  the  terminative  is  all  you  can  now  well 
practise.  The  operation  is  a  very  simple  one,  but  difficult  to 
explain  without  illustration.  This  is  given  in  Mr.  Molyneux’s 
“Chrysanthemums  and  their  Culture,”  price  Is.,  which  you 
should  procure. 
NAMES  OF  FRUITS. — Correspondents  whose  queries  are  un¬ 
answered  in  the  present  issue  are  respectfully  requested  to  consult  the 
following  number.  (X.  Y.  Z.).— 1,  Cox’s  Pomona;  2,  ditto;  3,  Beauty 
of  Kent  ;  4,  Cellini  ;  5,  a  local  variety ;  6,  Yorkshire  Beauty. 
(A.  R.  T.). — A,  Lady  Henniker;  B,  Tower  of  Glamis  ;  C,  Reinette 
de  Canada;  D,  Warner’s  King;  E,  Cox’s  Pomona;  F,  Rymer ; 
G,  Northern  Greening;  H,  Hollandbury.  (J.  Merrick).— 1.  Beauty 
of  Kent;  2,  Golden  Noble;  3.  Broom  Park;  4,  Gansel’s  Bergamot; 
5,  Evewood.  (P.). — 1,  Hoary  Morning ;  2,  Peasgood’s  Nonesuch; 
3,  Beauty  of  Kent. 
NAMES  OF  PLANTS. — Correspondents  whose  queries  are  un- 
answered  in  the  present  issue  are  respectfully  requested  to  consult  the 
following  number.  (J.  Bertram).— 1,  Aster  Novte-Anglite  laevigatus  ; 
2,  Rudbeekia  spec-iosa ;  3,  Linaria  montana ;  4.  Helianthus  multi- 
florus  ;  5.  Azara  microphylla.  (L.  M.). — 1.  Begonia  argenteo-guttata  ; 
2,  Begonia  Bruanti ;  3.  B.  Vershaffelti ;  4.  B.  rex  var.;  5,  B.  acuminata. 
(Zoe). — 1,  Begonia  Dregei.  It  is  of  very  great  assistance  to  us  to 
have  representative  samples  to  name  from,  by  which  we  mean  a 
portion  of  stem  as  well  as  leaves  (and  flowers,  in  flowering  plants). 
(N.  T.). — 1,  Salvia  azureus ;  2.  Adiantum  Williamsi ;  3,  Phrynium 
variegatum. 
Meteorological  Observations  at  Chiswick. 
Taken  in  the  Royal  Horticultural  Society’s  Gardens  at  Chis¬ 
wick,  height  above  sea  level  24  feet. 
Date. 
Direction  of 
Wind. 
Temperature  of  the 
Air. 
Rain. 
Temperature  of 
the  Soil. 
At  9  A.M. 
Lowest 
Temperature 
on  Qrass, 
1902. 
October. 
At  9  A.M. 
Day. 
Night 
At 
1-ft. 
deep. 
At 
2-ft. 
deep. 
At 
4- ft. 
deep. 
Dry 
Bulb. 
Wet 
Bulb. 
*3 
00 
O 
A 
LO 
5 
-A3 
00 
© 
is 
o 
J 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
Ins. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
deg. 
Sunday  ...12 
N.NVV. 
52-1 
48-3 
59-5 
45-2 
— 
53-5 
53'9 
54-5 
34-3 
Monday  ...13 
S.S.W. 
58-9 
55-8 
61-2 
42-5 
0-03 
53-2 
54'0 
54-5 
33’2 
Tuesday  ...14 
W.N.W. 
54-9 
52-5 
59-5 
53'8 
004 
54-3 
54-0 
54-4 
51-5 
Wed’sday  15 
S.W. 
57-4 
53-0 
64-2 
47-8 
0'34 
53-7 
542 
54-5 
38-0 
Thursday  16 
S.W. 
53-9 
50-0 
56'4 
483 
— 
53'1 
54-1 
54-5 
40-8 
Friday  ...17 
W.N.W. 
47-8 
42-7 
54-3 
41-0 
021 
51-3 
53-8 
54-3 
31-6 
Saturday  18 
E.N.E. 
49-4 
48-9 
511 
42-5 
0  02 
50'9 
53  2 
543 
29-2 
Total. 
Means  ... 
53*5 
50-2 
58-0 
45  9 
■ 
0-64 
52  9 
53'9 
54-4 
36  9 
The  weather  during  the  week  has  been  dull,  with  cold  winds  and 
intervals  of  bright  sunshine.  Rain  fell  on  five  days. 
- - 
Trade  Catalogues  Received. 
Toogood  &  Sons,  Southampton. — List  of  Novelty  Collections. 
Wm.  Watson  &  Sons,  Clontarf  Nurseries,  Dublin. — Roses  Fruit 
Trees,  dc. 
The  plough  is  typical  of  agriculture,  and  very  properly  so. 
Without  the  plough  or  its  equivalent  the  land  would  remain 
unprofitable  and  foul.  The  plough  comes  to  us  as  one  of  the 
oldest  known  cultivators,  and  it  will  remain  as  long  as  seed 
time  and  harvest  return.  There  are  many  hindrances  to  the 
work  of  the  plough,  and  they  are  widely  different  as  the 
points  of  the  compass.  Last  autumn  we  were  bemoaning 
that  with  harvest  finished  early,  and  fine  days,  we  were  not 
able  to  take  advantage  of  the  extra  bit  of  time  in  hand  that 
we  had,  simply  because  the  ground  was  iron  bound  ;  not  in 
the  hands  of  frost,  but  in  those  of  drought,  an  equally  per¬ 
plexing  situation.  How  we  longed  and  hoped  for  a  change 
in  the  weather. 
There  is  in  this  neighbourhood  a  certain  town  which  holds 
its  annual,  and  very  large,  fair  on  October  11,  and  it  is  pro¬ 
verbial  that  this  fair  rarely  takes  place  except  with  a  down¬ 
fall  of  rain.  Well,  we  waited  and  hoped  for  the  11th,  for  at 
last  we  should  stand  a  chance  of  moistening  showers  ;  but  lo  ! 
the  11th  dawned  and  closed  fine,  neither  did  the  succeeding 
days  bring  the  desired  change.  When  we  did  get  the  rain, 
ploughing  went  on  merrily.  This  year  we  are  late  all 
round  ;  hay  harvest  barely  finished  before  the  Corn  was 
ready.  The  Corn  harvest  is  dragging  out  its  weary  length, 
and,  despite  harvest  festivals,  is  far  from  finished  yet. 
Soaking  sheaves  cannot  be  led,  and  no  ploughing  can  be 
done  (or  very  little  because  of  the  condition  of  the  ground). 
There  are  certain  adventurous  spirits  who  will  be  on,  weather 
or  no  ;  but  it  is  certain  to  the  thinking  man  that  more  harm 
is  being  done  than  good  ;  that  is,  on  lands  of  any  depth  or 
solidity. 
