Novembci  13,  1902. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COT  TACK  GARDENER. 
443 
BARRS’;;::  DAFFODILS 
Have  received  Twelve  Highest  Awards,  1902,  including 
Descriptive  Catalogue  of  all  the  finest  sorts  in  cultivation 
free. 
BARRS'  TULIPS 
Have  received  FIVE  GOLD  MEDALS  from  the  Royal 
National  Tulip  Society;  SILVER  CUPS  at  the  Great 
Temple  Flower  Shows,  1900  and  1901,  and  GOLD  MEDAL 
1902. 
Descriptive  Catalogue  of  the  finest  kinds  for  pot  culture 
and  for  forcing,  and  for  beds  and  borders  outdoors,  free. 
BARRS'  HYACINTHS. 
THE  FINEST  SELECTED  BULBS  for  the  green¬ 
house,  sitting  room,  or  exhibition,  and  specially  selected 
varieties  for  bedding. 
Descriptive  Catalogue  Free. 
BARR  &  SONS, 
11, 12,  &  13,  King  Street,  Covent  Garden 
I.ONX»ONr. 
CARNATIONS,  PICOTEES, 
and  PINKS. 
CATALOGUE  of  all  the  Best  for  Exhibition  or 
Border,  post  free. 
Carnations,  5/-.  6/-,  and  7/6  per  dozen  ;  Laced  Pinks,  3/6 
per  dozen,  mv  selection ;  Carnation  Seed,  1/6  and  2/6  per 
packet;  Choice  Alpine  Auricula  Seed,  1/6  and  2/6  per 
packet.  All  free  for  Cash. 
T.  LORD,  Carnation  Grower,  TODMORDEN 
CUTHBERTS’  AZALEAS 
AND 
FORCING  PLANTS 
A  SPECIALITE. 
Specially  Grown  for  Early  Forcing 
IN  STANDARDS  AND  DWARFS,  WELL 
SET  WITH  BUDS. 
Catalogues  Free  on  Application. 
R.  &  G.  CUTHBERT, 
Southgate  Nurseries,  Middlesex. 
GRAPE  VINES  in  POTS 
Extra  Strong  Fruiting  and  Planting  Canes 
in  all  Leading  Varieties. 
FIGS  IN  POTS 
All  Leading  Sorts. 
Bushes  and  Fan-trained  for  Walls. 
DICKSONS  Nurseries  CHESTER 
mr  PLANT  NOW.  -mi 
CLIBBANS 
HARDY 
PERENNIALS. 
CLIBRANS  selected  ASTERS,  choice 
and  lovely  varieties,  embracing  a  wide  range  t  f 
colours. 
12  distinct  and  lovely  varieties  ..  41- 
25  in  12  ,,  „  ,,  ..  7,6 
25  in  25  „  ,,  „  ..  10/6 
50  in  25  ,,  ,,  ,,  ..  17/6 
CLIBRANS  lovely  CAMPANULAS, 
There  is  now  a  s-plendid  range  both  in  colour  and 
in  form  of  this  class. 
12  choice  varieties .  4/- 
12  extra  choice  varieties  .  6  - 
CLIBRANS  choice  DELPHINIUMS, 
the  showiest  and  perhaps  the  most  effective  of  all 
herbaceous  plants. 
12  beautiful  varieties  .  9/« 
CLIBRANS  beautiful  DIANTHUS 
The  Pinks  as  a  lamily  are  yearly  increasing  in 
popular  favour. 
12  fine  and  lovely  varieties .  5/- 
CLIBRANS  free -flowering  HELIAN- 
THUS,  the  most  conspicuous  of  all  late  summer 
and  autumn  blooming  plants. 
6  distinct  and  selected  varieties  ..  2  - 
CLIBRANS  JAPAN  IRIS,  grand,  gor 
geous,  and  beautiful. 
6  lovely  and  charming  varieties  ..  ..  6/- 
12 
10/6 
CLIBRANS  GERMAN  IRIS,  easily 
grown,  free  flowering,  and  highly  ornamental. 
12  choice  and  select  varieties  ..  ..  4/6 
CLIBRANS  choicest  PHLOX, for  beauty 
and  effectiveness,  combined  with  freeiom  of  flower¬ 
ing  and  eass  of  culture,  it  would  be  difficult  to 
surpass. 
Plants  1  year  old,  12  choice  varieties  ..  3/6 
,,  j,  24  ,,  ,,  ..  6/6 
50  , , 
>1 
P 
ii 
ii 
ii . 
17/6 
CLIBRANS  DOUBLE  PEONIES, 
varying  in  colour  from  white  to  deep  crimson. 
12  choice  varieties  ..  9/-,  12/-,  15/-,  and  18/- 
CLIBRANS  SINGLE  PEONIES,  ex¬ 
tremely  beautiful,  and  possessed  of  as  wide  a  raDge 
of  colour  as  the  double  varieties. 
Unnamed  varieties  to  colour  ..  20/-  per  dozen 
CLIBRANS  POTENTILLAS,  easily 
grown,  and  effective  plants  in  a  moderately  rich  s  oil 
12  double-flowered  varieties .  4/6 
12  single  ,,  ,,  ..  ..  .  3/6 
CLIBRANS  selected  PYRETHRUMS, 
excellent  subjects  for  producing  an  abundance  of 
flowers.  - 
12  double-flowered  varieties .  41- 
12  single  ,, _ ,,  ..  ..  4/- 
CLIBRANS  selected  SAXIFRAGAS, 
invaluable  in  early  spring  and  throughout  the 
summer. 
12  distinct  and  fine  varieties .  3/6 
CLIBRANS  beautiful  TROLLIUS, 
easily  grown  and  very  showy  plants, 
4  fine  varieties  .  2/- 
CLIBRANS  lovely  VERONICAS,  a 
pleasing  and  charming  family  of  plants,  in  which 
the  prevailing  colour  is  blue. 
9  pretty  varieties .  3/- 
CLIBRANS  PLANT  CATALOGUE 
contains  full  descriptions,  with  Prices, 
Cultural  Hints,  &c.,  of  the  above,  and 
all  other  Indoor  and  Outdoor  Plants. 
POST  FREE  ON  APPLICATION. _ 
ALTRINCHAM  &  MANCHESTER 
Jmtpil  of  gortkuItui[0. 
THURSDAY,  NOVEMBER  13,  1902. 
Light,  and  Plants. 
EING  fully  aware  of  the  im¬ 
portance  of  light  in  the  growth 
of  plants,  one  would  think  that 
the  gardener  would  make  it 
one  of  his  first  duties  to  become 
thoroughly  conversant  with  all 
its  properties.  But  it  seems  to 
be  generally  classed  amongst  those 
simple  things  that  are  too  simple  to 
need  investigation.  The  study  of  light  is 
most  certainly  the  reverse  of  being  simple, 
as  throughout  the  entire  course  of  physics 
there  is  no  section  more  difficult  to  f  v thorn — 
or  more  fascinating  to  read — than  optics.  It 
is  by  the  analysis  of  light  that  we  have 
become  acquainted  with  the  composition  of 
other  worlds  and  their  surrounding  atmo¬ 
spheres,  and  by  a  similar  process  some  of  the 
most  complex  compounds  are  accurately 
analysed,  even  though  some  of  the  com¬ 
ponent  parts  are  extremely  small  in  quantity. 
However,  it  is  not  to  discuss  the  uses  of 
spectral  analysis  that  I  make  these  notes,  as 
they  are  made  with  the  hope  of  impressing 
on  those  gardeners  who  are  not  conversant 
with  elementary  optics  the  importance  of 
the  study  of  light  in  plant  growing. 
Every  luminous  body  emits  its  own  peculiar 
light,  but  it  is  only  with  that  light  known 
under  the  name  of  daylight  that  I  have  to 
deal.  We  will  take  it  in  its  simplest  form— 
that  of  a  ray  of  sunlight— and  will  at  once 
analyse  it.  The  result  will  be  fhat  the  pure* 
colourless  light  from  the  sun  will  be  found 
to  be  a  magnificent  compound  light  con¬ 
sisting  of  the  following  colours:  violet,  indigo, 
blue,  green,  yellow,  orange,  and  red.  To 
break  up  a  ray  of  sunlight  in  this  way  is 
extremely  simple,  as  all  that  is  required  is  a 
triangular  glass  prism  and  a  dark  room.  A 
small  hole  should  be  made  to  emit  the  sun 
ray,  and  the  prism  should  be  fixed  in  such  a 
T/> EADERS  ar)  requested  to  send  notices  of  Gardening 
JA  Ap;  ointments  or  Notes  of  Horticultural  Interest, 
intimations  of  Meetings,  Queries,  and  all  Articles  for 
Publication,  officially  to  “  THE  EDITOR,”  at 
12,  Mitre  Court  Chambers,  Fleet  Street, 
London,  E.C.,  and  to  no  other  person  and  to  no  other 
address. 
No.  11(8  — Vol.  XLV..  Third  Series 
