136 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
February  18,  1904. 
species  most  likely  to  thrive  best  in  a  given  case.  This 
shortcoming  must  be  met  by  proper  instruction,  such  as 
you  will,  henceforth,  no  doubt  receive  at  this  college.  In 
other  cases  the  planter  has  developed  a  fancy  for  a  certain 
species,  and  he  proceeds  to  plant  it  under  all  circum¬ 
stances.  This  is  a  most  disastrous  failing,  which  the 
forester  must  combat  with  all  his  might.  The  subject  must 
be  approached  with  an  open  mind,  and  all  personal  fancies 
must  be  absolutely  put  on  one  side.  No  doubt  the  selec¬ 
tion  of  the  right  species  is  a  very  difficult  task,  and  the 
subject  must  be  studied  in  detail.  As  a  general  proposi¬ 
tion.  it  may  be  said  that  “  heavy  soils  are  better  adapted 
for  broad-leaved  species,  and  lighter  soils  for  conifers.” 
This  rule  is,  however,  not  without  exception.  Spruce,  for 
instance,  does  very  well  on  heavy  soil.  There  is  a  medium 
class  of  soil,  which  I  shall  call  loam,  which  practically  suits 
any  of  our  forest  trees  ;  in  the  same  degree  as  you  proceed 
to  heavier  soils,  the  Conifers  retire,  and  vice  versa.  Again, 
some  species,  to  do  really  well,  require  a  fertile  soil,  like 
Sycamore,  Ash,  Oak,  and  Elm  ;  others  are  somewhat  less 
exacting,  like  Chestnut,  Beech,  and  Silver  Fir;  next  come 
Norway  Manle,  Lime,  Alder,  Larch,  and  Spruce  ;  less  exact¬ 
ing  again  Willows,  Poplars,  Birch,  Weymouth  Pine,  Scotch 
and  Austrian  Pine.  There  are,  of  course,  many  other 
points  to  be  considered,  and  the  forester  must  make  his 
choice  accordingly. 
(To  be  continued.) 
Book  Notices. 
"  Lawns.”  By  Sutton  and  Sons.  Price  Is. — An  admirable 
treatise  on  garden,  tennis,  bowling,  croquet,  putting,  and 
cricket  Lawns.  The  soil  and  its  preparation,  the  drainage  of 
the  land,  weed  .seeds  in  soil.s,  selection  of  seeds,  quantity  and 
sowing  of  seeds,  mowing,  rolling,  watering,  Ac.,  are  among.st 
the  features  of  the  book,  wliich  is  also  freely  illustrated.  It  is 
a  very  handy  and  useful  guide. 
”  Pictorial  Practical  Chrysanthemum  Culture.”  By 
Walter  P.  Wright.  (Cas.sell  and  Co.,  Limited).  Price  Is. — This 
is  the  latest  .addition  to  the  series  already  prodiTced  under  the 
same  authorship.  It  is  “  a  plain  guide,  describing  every  branch 
of  Chrysanthemum  growing.”  The  Bose  and  Chrysanthemum 
cultivators  are  certainly  not  forgotten  by  the  publishers  of 
books,  for  this  season  already  we  have  noticed  in  these  columns 
no  less  than  five  Chrysanthemum  books,  and  jirobably  as  many 
on  the  Ro.se.  The  one  now  before  us  is  well  illustrated,  and 
will  be  helpful. 
”  Chrysanthemums  and  How  to  Grow  Them  for  Exhibi¬ 
tion.”  By  .1.  B.Wroe.  (Collingridge,  148,  A klersgate  Street,  E.C.) 
Price  Is  net. — This  book  is  a  second  edition.  It  furnishes  in¬ 
structions  on  timing  and  stopping  for  northern  and  southern 
growers;  gives  selections  of  the  best  varieties  of  Japanese, 
incurved.  Anemone,  reflexed,  .and  pompon  varieties.  The  tables 
giving  data  about  the  stopping  .and  timing  of  a  large  number 
of  varieties  are  novel,  but  eminently  useful.  The  book  is 
illiLstrated. 
“  Roses  and  Their  Cultivation.”  By  T.  W.  Sanders. 
(Collingridge). ^ — This  book  is  in  stiff  green  binding,  and  is  freely 
illustrated  by  coloured  pictures,  half  tone  and  “line”  blocks. 
It  begins  by  de.scribing  types  of  Roses — Rosa  alba,  the  Ayrshire, 
the  Austrian  Briar,  the  Damask,  and  so  on — giving  short 
historical  notices  of  each,  and  describing  its  season  of  bloom  and 
the  soil  and  kind  of  treatment  it  requires.  Then  follow  chapters 
on  the  way  to  grow  Ro.ses,  selections  of  Roses,  manures,  propa¬ 
gation,  pests,  calendar  of  operations,  and  a  useful  glossary  of 
rosarians’  terms.  The  book  is  very  serviceable  for  young 
gardeners  and  amateurs  beginning  the  .study  of  Roses  and  their 
culture. 
Publications  Received. — The  Orchid  Review,  February, 
1904.  Contents  include  a  calend.ar  of  operations  tor  the  month  ; 
orchids  in  .season ;  orchids  twenty-five  years  ago ;  Vanda 
Hookeriana ;  Coelogyne  Day.an.a ;  history  of  orchid  cultivation  ; 
the  genus  Mystacidium,  and  many  notes  of  interest.  *  * 
Royal  Botanic  Gardens,  Kew.  Bulletin  of  Miscellaneous  Infor¬ 
mation.  Contents :  List  of  Staffs  in  Botanical  Departments  at 
home,  and  in  India  and  the  Colonies.  Price  4d.  *  *  Report 
of  the  Select  Committee  on  Ventilation  appointed  l)y  the  House 
of  Commons  (Blue  Book,  1903).  London:  Hickson,  Ward,  and 
Co.,  15,  Chiswell  Street,  E.C.  Price  Is.  *  *  Livies  de 
Sciences  (Books  of  Science).  Catalogue  general  et  bibliographic 
methodique.  Paris:  J.  B.  Baillie  et  Fils^  19,  Rue  Hautefeuille. 
*  *  Gartenflora,  February  1,  containing  coloured  plate  of 
Vriesia  p.sittaciiia,  Lindl.,  var.  Morreniana,  Morr.  *  *  Le 
Moniteur  d’ Horticulture,  February  10,  containing  plate  of 
Violet  Nouvelle  Souvenir  de  Jules  Joss  (a  large-flowered  purple 
tinted  variety). 
Dendrobium  Treacherianuni. 
At  the  present  time  there  is  a  considerable  demand  for  in¬ 
conspicuous  and  also  rare  orchids.  It  must  be  conceded  that  the 
one  we  figure  is  not  seen  frequently,  and  when  Sir  Trevor 
Lawrence,  Bart,  (grower,  Mr.  W.  H.  White),  staged  plants  of 
it  at  a  Drill  Hall  meeting,  great  attention  was  directed  to  theni. 
The  colour  of  the  sepals,  petals,  and  front  portion  of  the  lip 
is  rose,  shading  to  criurson  toward  the  throat  and  side  lobes. 
Each  raceme  be^ars  from  seven  to  ten  flowers. 
Ci:tural  Notes:  Aerides,  Vandas,  SaccolabiumF. 
Most  of  the  distichous-leaved  orchids,  such  as  Aerides, 
Vandas,  and  Saccolabiums,  get  bare  of  foliage  at  the  base  in 
course  of  time,  and  when  in  this  condition  they  cannot  bo 
described  as  beautiful  objects,  especially  when  out  of  bloom. 
They  may  be  much  improved  by  lowering  them  in  their  pots  or 
baskets,  'first  cutting  off  the  base  of  the  stems,  which  will  in 
many  cases  be  dead.  The  addition  of  new  sphagnum  higher  up 
the  stems  will  cause  the  emission  of  young  roots  in  plenty,  and 
greatly  enhance  the  beauty  and  health  of  the  plants.  Ample 
warmth,  a  little  extra  atmospheric  moisture,  and,  if  the  weather 
is  bright,  a  slight  shade,  are  necessary  to  give  the  plants  a 
cliance  of  re-establishing  themselves. 
Then,  many  of  the  ordinary  specimens  not  requiring  such 
drastic  treatment  a.s  the  above,  will  be  benefited  by  the  removal 
of  a  little  of  the  old  decayed  moss  and  the  addition  of  new. 
Although  it  is  usual  in  some  collections  to  go  through  all  this 
section  at  this  time  of  year,  it  is  not  really  good  practice.  The 
best  method  is  to  take  each  species,  or  group  of  species,  and 
attend  to  them  in  order  of  rooting.  Aerides  ocloratum  and  its 
varieties,  A.  Fieldingi,  and  Vanda  suavis  are  among  the  earlier 
ones  to  commence  rooting,  Vanda  Ccerulea  occurring  to  mind  as 
one  that  does  not  need  attention  until  later. 
All  these  plants  rvill  need  great  care  in  watering  for  some 
time  yet,  especially  large,  bulky  specimens  that  have  necessarily 
a  good  deal  of  moss  about  the  roots.  If  this  becomes  overmoist, 
the  roots  perish,  this  incidentally  being  one  of  the  principal 
causes  of  the  unsatisfactory  state  described  above.  It  is  yet 
too  early  to  commence  operations  ivith  the  Phalanmpses;  not 
but  that  they  often  root  early  in  the  season,  but  a  difficulty  will 
be  found  in  'keeping  up  a  suitable  atmosphere  afterwards,  while 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  large  towns  the  fog  evil  has  yet  to  be 
feared. 
Cattleya  Trianse  is  one  of  the  showiest  and  most  popular 
species  now  in  flower.  If  any  signs  of  weakness  or  shrivelling 
of  the  pseudo-bulb  takes  place,  the  flowers  must  be  removed 
and  the  roots  afforded  more  water  than  they  have  lately  been 
having.  But  this  will  only  occur  on  w’eak  or  badly  established 
specimens,  healthy  plants  easily  standing  the  strain  of  flower¬ 
ing.  All  the  flowering  .specimens,  whether  of  this  species,  t  . 
Percivaliana,  ('-.  Mendeli,  or  others,  should  be  grouped  together 
in  the  coolest  part  of  the  house,  or  in  the  flowering  house.  A 
little  shade  should  be  provided,  as  when  the  sun  bursts  through 
after  a  dull  time  the  delicate  texture  of  the  flowers  renders 
them  very  liable  to  injury. — H.  R.  R. 
Gadding  and  Gathering. 
Messrs.  Carter  &  Co.’s  Primulas. 
An  annual  visit  to  the  Forest  Hill  nursery  of  Messrs.  James 
Carter  and  Co.  is  always  of  interest,  as  they  cultivate  Chinese 
Pl'iniulas  to  the  extent  of  between  G, 000  and  7,000.  The  want  of 
favourable  w’eather  has  made  it  difficult  for  the  growers  to  pio- 
duce  sturdy  plants,  and  the  pollenating  of  the  flowers  has  been 
less  satisfactory  than  they  could  have  desired.  There  is,  how¬ 
ever,  an  excellent  show  of  flowers,  and  Messrs.  Carter  have  some 
really  fine  varieties.  Particularly  is  this  true  of  their  Princess 
Mayj  a  variety  with  large  and  beautiful  soft  pink  flowers— Apple, 
blossom  pink.  Ro.se  Queen  is  freer  than  the  foregoing,  but  the 
colour  of  the  flowers  is  iialer,  and  it  is  not  so  sturdy.  The  former 
is,  perhaps,  more  generally  preferable.  From  pink  to  salmon 
pink  is  not  a  far  cry,  and  in  Prince  of  Wales  we  have  a  charming 
Primula  of  that  shade.  The  flowers  are  semi-double,  of  good 
form  and  size,  freely  borne,  and  the  robust  foliage  is  of  the 
“palm”  type.  Whites  are  represented  by  King  Edward,  which 
