May  5,  1904. 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAOE  GARDENER. 
383 
Ampelopsis  hederacea  was  first  described  by  Parkinson  as 
“  Vitis,  sen  potius  Hedera  Virginicus,  the  Virginian  Vine,  or  rather 
Ivie,”  the  former  having  been  its  earlier  name.  'In  1629  it  was  a 
plant  well  known,  and  has  never  lost  its  popularity. 
Amygdalis  NANA,  1683. — A.  pumila,  1683  (Cerasiis  japonicus 
multiplex).  This  still  valuable  dwarf  tree  was  first  cultivated  in 
Bishop  Compton’s  famed  garden  at  Lambeth. 
Anacardiem  occidentale,  1699. — The  Cashew-nut  (Acajou).  The 
“Tatler,”  No.  245,  contains  a  note  of  a  box  “for  Cashu  and  Carraway 
comfits  to  be  taken  at  long  sermons  ”  ! 
Anagalli.s  Monella,  1648. —  A  very  popular  flower  cultivated  as 
A.  lusitanica  and  Anagallis  of  Portugal. 
Ananas  sativa,  1690. — First  described  by  Johnston  in  1633,  from 
Clusius.  Evelyn  mentions  Cromwell  having  had  fruit  sent  him  in 
1657,  the  first  seen  in  England  ;  and  that  he  himself  had  a  slice  of 
Pine-apple  given  him  by  Charles  II.  in  1668.  It  was  of  “  a  grateful 
acidity,  but  tastes  more  like  the  Quince  and  Melon”!  The  plant 
does  not  appear  to  have  been  cultivated .  successfully  till  1715,  when 
Telende,  gardener  to  Sir  M.  Decker,  fruited  it  in  tan-heated  frames, 
the  fruits  averaging  4  inches  in  length. 
Anarrhinum  bellidifolium,  1629,  “the  sweet  purple  tode  flax.” 
AnCHUSA  ANGUSTIFOLIA  and  A.  LEPTIPHTLLA,  1640. 
Anemone  alpina,  1658.  A.  a.  sulphurea  is  the  best  form  in 
cultivation. 
A.  CORONARIA  and  A.  hortbnsis  were  largely  cultivated,  and  long 
previous  to  the  end  of  the  century  there  were  large  collections  of 
named  varieties,  both  in  singles  and  doubles. 
Anodontba  (Alyssum)  spinosa,  1683. 
Anona  muricata,  1656,  the  Soirr-sop.  A.  reticulata,  1690,  the 
Custard-apple. 
Anthospermum  .ethiopicum,  1692,  the  Amber  Tree  ;  originally 
called  Prutex  africanus,  or  African  Shrub.  “  A3thiopicum,”  it  may 
be  explained,  was  usually  applied  to  Afrijan  plants  without  at  all 
having  regard  to  what  part  of  that  continent  they  might  have  been 
derived. 
Anthyllis  Barba-Jovis,  1640,  not  uncommonly  called  Silver 
Bu.sh.  A.  TETRAPHYLLA. 
Antigramma  (now  Scolopendrium)' rhizophylla,  1680,^a  fern 
from  Canada  of  no  beauty. 
Antirrhinum  asarina,  1699. 
Apios  tuberosa,  1640,  this  is  an  exceedingly  graceful  hardy  plant, 
known  to  gardeners  at  one  time  as  “  Twickenham  Climber.”  It  has 
had  many  names — e.g.,  Glycine  Apios,  Apios  Americana,  and 
Astragalus. 
Apocynum  androsjEmifolium,  1680.  The  American  Dog-bane  is 
an  old  garden  favourite.  A.  cannabinum,  1699,  employed  by 
American  Indians  as  a  kind  of  hemp.  A.  venetum,  1690. 
Aquilegia  canadensis,  1640,  a  well-known  species. 
Arabis  nutans,  1656. 
Asclepias  carussavica,  1692 ;  known  as  Bastard  Ipecacuanha, 
its  roots  having  been  imported  instead  of  the  true.  Its  scarlet 
inflorescence  procured  it  the  name  of  Red-head  among  gardeners. 
A.  SYRiACA,  1629;  the  common  Silk-weed,  or  Syrian  Dog-bane. 
A.  TUBEROSUM,  1680 ;  orange  Apocynum,  but  better  known  in  old 
gardens  as  the  Butterfly-weed.  These  and  the  Apocyna  were  exten¬ 
sively  cultivated. 
ARis.ffiMA  TRiPHYLLA,  1664,  a  hooded,  spathed  Arum  of  no  beauty. 
Asparagus  acutifolius,  1640.  A.  aphyllus,  1640.  A.  capensis, 
1691. 
Asplenium  (Antigramma)  rhizophyllum. 
Astelma  (Helipterum)  sPECiosissiMUM,  1691  ;  Eternal  Flower; 
very  generally  cultivated  200  years  ago  by  the  name  of  Xeranthe- 
mum  speciosissimum. 
Aster  alpinus,  1658 ;  A.  humilis,  1689 ;  A.  linarifolius,  1699  ; 
A.  PANICULATUS,  1640  ;  A.  SOLIDAGINOIDES,  1699  ;  A.  TrADESCANTI, 
cultivated  by  Tradescant  and  Parkinson  by  the  name  of  A.  virgin- 
ianum  fructricosus  or  Shrubby  Star  wort  previous  to  1629,  afterwards 
became  well-known  as  Michaelmas  Daisy.  A.  undulatus,  1699 
Asterocephalus  africanus,  1690,  formerly  cultivated  as  Scabiosa 
frutescens  or  Shrubby  Scabious.  A.  atro-purpureus,  1629,  but 
cultivated  anterior  to  that  date ;  called  the  Red  Indian  Scabious, 
and,  later,  the  Mournful  Widow,  and,  as  now,  simply  Scabious  or 
Sweet  Scabious.  A.  graminifolius,  1683.  A.  prolifer,  1683. 
Astragalus  austriaca,  1640 ;  A.  caprinus,  1683;  A.  hamosus, 
1683;  A.  ONOBRYCHIS,  1640;  A.  POTERIUM,  1640  ;  A.  sbsamus,  1616; 
A.  STELLA,  1658 ;  A.  Tragacantha,  1640,  for  long  supposed  to  be  the 
plant  whence  Gum  Tragacanth  was  derived. 
Astrantia  minor,  1686. — Thought  by  old  writers  to  be  a  form 
of  Helleborus  niger. 
Baccharis  halimifolia,  1683.— Ray  called  this  plant  Senecio 
virginianus  arborescens,  and  it  was  long  grown  in  nurseries  and  in 
gardens  by  the  name  of  Groundsel  Tree. 
Bactris  bacalifera  minor  (B.  rotunda.  Cocos  guienensis),  1681. 
—Used  to  be  called  Prickly  Pole.  The  young  stems,  which  were 
covered  with  prickles,  having  been  used  for  walking-sticks. 
Basella  alba,  1688.— The  Malabar  Nightshade. 
Bauhiniavariegata,  1690.— The  specific  name  refers  to  the  floral 
markings,  white  stripes  on  purple.  Miller  records  its  common  name 
as  Mountain  Ebony.  ' 
Beringeria  acetabulosa,  1676. 
Bert'eroa  incana  (Farsetia  incana),  1640. — The  hoary  Alys- 
siim — Alyssum  incanum. 
Bidens  bipinnata,  1687. 
Biscutella  auriculata,  1683. 
Biserula  Pelecinus  (Pelecinus  vulgaris),  1640.— Bastard 
Hatchet  Vetch. 
Bixa  Orellana,  1690. — The  Anotta  Plant.  Used  by  American 
Aborigines  as  a  war  paint,  the  colouring  matter  surrounding  the 
seeds  in  the  form  of  a  paste. 
Anemone  coronaria  (reduced). 
Blechnum  australe,  1691  :  A  Cape  Fern.  Blitum  virgatum, 
1680. 
Bcerhavia  diffusa,  1690. 
Bombax  ceiba,  1692. — The  generic  name  is  from  the  cotton-like 
material  which  envelopes  the  seeds,  hence  called  Silk  Cotton-tree. 
It  is  one  of  the  tallest  of  South  American  trees,  and  supposed  to  be 
the  “  Ceiba,”  seen  as  a  boat  by  Columbus  near  Cuba,  and  capable 
of  holding  150  men. 
Brignolia  panacifolia,  1686.  —  The  old  Slum  siculum,  or 
Parsley-leaved  Myrrh. 
Briza  maxima,  1633. — This  was  not  in  general  cultivation  at  the 
above  date,  and,  if  we  are  to  ci’edit  Miller,  was  scarcely  known  a 
hundred  years  later.  Its  English  names  are  numerous — e.g..  Lovely 
Grass  and  Fern  Grass. 
Bromelia  pinguin,  1690 ;  The  Pinguiu. 
Brotera  corymbosa,  1640. 
Bulbocodium  vernum,  1629. — Figured  in  the  “Paradisus”  as 
Colchicum  vernum. 
Bupthalmum  arborescens,  1699.  —  Bobart  named  this  plant 
Chrysanthemum  bermudense. 
Bupthalmum  frutescens,  1696.  —  One  of  Bishop  Compton’s 
introductions,  and  named  originally  Chrysanthemum  fruticosum 
maritimum. 
B.  MARITIMUM,  1640. 
Bursera  gummifera,  1690 ;  the  Jamaica  Birch  Tree. — B. 
- - - 
Anemone  coponai?ia  op  Poppy  Anemone. 
This  important  species  has  given  rise  to  many  single  .tiid 
double  florists’  varieties,  which  grace  our  gardens  at  tliis  time 
of  tlie  year.  The  flowers  of  A.  coronaria  vary  consideralily  in 
colour,  some  being  red  or  purple,  or  pinkish,  and  .some  even 
white.  A  dwarf  and  close  grower,  vigorous  and  free,  at  least 
when  planted  in  a  suitable  place,  tlie  varieties  of  the  Poppy 
Anemone  are  u.seful  for  edging  beds  with,  or  for  massing  in 
borders.  Both  in  singles  and  doubles  there  are  handsome  named 
varieties,  Bose  de  Nice  and  Fire  King  being  typical  of  the 
doubles,  and  the  St.  Brigids  may  be  named  as  semi-doul)le:-i. 
Any  well-drained  loamy  .soil  suits  the  Anemone.  Me.ssrs.  Bai  r 
and  Sons  recommend  that  “  the  sjiring  plantings  for  summer 
and  autumn  flowering  should  be  in  a  situation  where  the  ground 
is  moist,  and  shaded  from  the  sun’s  rays  after  10  or  11  a.m.,  and 
well  sheltered  from  cutting  ground  winds.” 
