476 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AXD  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
June  2,  1904 
of  Humea  elegans  drew  one’s  notice  to  a  nice  batch  of  young 
plants.  Tliese  little  pits  are  ntilisable  also  for  bedding  plants, 
for  Violets,  for  forced  French  Beans,  Carrots,  Lettuces, 
Potatoes,  and  Strawberries.  They  are  the  feeders  of  the 
“show”  houses,  and  a  purpose  can  he  found  for  them  at  all 
seasons.  Their  height  is  only  5ft,  tlie  wood  framework  resting 
on  a  foundation  of  six  or  eight  tiers  of  bricks.  A  2in  hot-water 
pipe  I'uns  round  the  inside  cement  edge  of  the  structures,  and 
a  drain  is  laid  the  whole  length  of  the  centre.  Francoas, 
Oleanders,  scented  Pelargoniums,  and  Azaleas  were  also  in¬ 
cluded  in  the  pits. 
The  walls  of  the  garden  are  nured ;  the  edges  of  the  paths 
are  of  stone,  and  beds  of  Carnations,  Irises,  Daffodils,  and 
WallfloAvers  appear  in  parts,  while  the  lines  of  seedling  Siveet 
Peas,  and  hods  of  Strawberries  told  of  dainties  for  a  later 
•season.  ,  •  i  , 
Just  outside  the  garden  walls  is  the  new  bothy,  which  has 
a  good  kitchen,  bathroom,  and  each  of  the  six  journeymen  has 
a  separate  bedroom,  while  the  foreman  has  a  large  private 
room.  A  messroom  is  provided,  and  hot  and  cold  water  is  laid 
on.  There  is  a  washing  place  near  the  entrance,  and  a  wide 
corridor  passes  by  th6  bedrooms.  The  building  is  of  red  bricks, 
one  storey  high,  with  ridge-tiled  roof,  and  has  a  pretty 
entrance  porch.  When  the  wail  trees  and  the  climbbrs  become 
better  developed,  and  also  after  the  Yew  hedges  have  grown 
up,  this  will  be  an  ideal  little  residence  where  the  men  can 
.spend  their  evenings  comfortably  in  reading  or  in  f]uiet 
recreation. 
At  the  back  of  the  vinery  wall  are  the  store  sheds  for  tubers, 
bulbs,  Potatoes,  Ac.,  and  the  •  Mushroom  house  (in  which 
Rhubarb  is  also  forced)  is  here  as  well,  while  the  two  powerful 
boilers  are  in  the  same  line  of  buildings.  These  . were  fixed  by 
iNfackenzie  and  iMoncur,  iJd.,  and  possess  a  mechanical  auto¬ 
matic  appliance  for  the  ejection  of  a  spray  of  water  upon  the 
fii-e  to  damp  it,  and  so  i)revent  the  generation  of  too  much 
steam  in  the  boiler  and  pipes. 
The  Italian  Garden. 
Removing  now  to  the  mansion  it-self,  and  to  the  Italian 
garden  on  the  west  side  thereof,  we  find  that  it  occupies  a 
terrace  some  285ft  in  length,  with  formal  flower  beds,  and 
having  a  double  cordon  of  columnar  Irish  Yews  between  the 
beds.  Above  it  is  a  second  terrace  running  along  the  front 
of  the  orangery,  supported  by  an  ornamental  wall  which  is  re¬ 
lieved  by  tazzas.  The  walls  are  covered  Avith  Banksian  Roses 
that  flower  freely;  with  Clematis  montana.  Magnolias,  and 
other  climbing  shrubs.  The  hou.se  has  a  private  chapel  on  this 
side,  and  the  front  entrance  with  its  massive  rounded  pillars 
and  porch,  is  hand.some  indeed.  On  either  side  of  the  steps 
lietween  the  terraces,  there  rests  the  form  of  a  noble  stag  in 
sculpture,  which  features  can  be  seen  by  looking  specially  into 
the  iliustration  to  Avhich  attention  has  already  been  drawn,  and 
it  AAill  also  be  seen  that  there  are  two  marble  fountains  on  the 
upper  terrace. 
The  Lake  and  the  Woods. 
The  extensive  lake  and  the  magnificent  woods  meet  the  vieAV 
looking  forward  from  the  terrace ;  but  there  are  other  floAver 
gardens  at  each  side  of  the  house  and  close  against  it,  these 
leading  by  appropriate  Avalks  to  the  main  garden.  ,  A  pretty 
little  corner  for  flowers,  and  furni,shed  also  Avith  a  sun-dial,  has 
been  made  at  the  entrance  to  the  private  apartments  of  Lord 
and  Lady  IjansdoAvne.  Since  Lord  LansdoAA'iie’s  return  after 
his  long  absence  as  Governor-General  of  Canada  and  Viceroy  of 
India,  he  has  made  very  extensive  alterations  and  improve¬ 
ments  in  the  gardens  and  pleasure  grounds.  The  neAv  glass 
stiuctures  have  been  referred  to,  and  along  Avith  these  have 
been  built  fresh  garden  Avails  in  parts,  and  Ave  recall  a  very 
charming  gate  in  the  garden  Avail  near  the  east  side  of  the 
house.  Belts  and  plantations  of  choice  flowering  and  foliage 
shrubfe  have  recently  been  planted,  and  one  might  name  a  few 
of  the  subjects  employed,  as  being  partly  a  guide  to  others  Avho 
contemplate  .similar  additions.  Altogether  there  are  forty- 
acres  of  grounds  and  laAvns,  Avhich  necessitates  at  least  one 
machine  nioAver  being  constantly  at  Avork  during  the  summer. 
One  of  the  mo.st  apparent  and  deliglrtful  features  of  BoAvood 
consists  in  the  long  stretches  and  intervening  glades  of  laAvn, 
and  the  charming  vistas  Avhich  penetrate  for  long  distances 
toAvard  the  surrounding  parks.  And  at  the  present  season  of 
the  year  the  floor  of  the  Avoods  is  entirely  covered  Avith  a  sea 
of  Knglish  Bluebells. 
Flowering  Shrubs  and  Conifers. 
llhododendrons  groAv  luxuriantly-,  and  many  choice  hybrid 
varieties  adorn  the  policies.  Crimson  Rambler  Rose  appears 
in  soine  of  the  shrubberies,  and  Avliere  the  conditions  agree  with 
it,  tb'.s  subject  makes  an  admirable  feature.  “Bamboos”  do 
well  ;  and  in  the  general  list  of  shrubs  might  be  named  Pyrus 
salieifolia',  Staphy-lea  colchica,  Cy^tisus  alba  and  C.  pra?cox  ; 
C'lioisya  ternata,  Akebia  qpinata  (floAvering  on  a  wall),  and 
Fabiaua  imbricata  (also  on  a  Avail). 
Conifers  flourish,  and  the  collection  includes  some  handsome 
trees.  The  Scots  Pine,  of  AA'hich  there  are  some  tall  and  rugged 
specimens,  is  Lord  LansdoAvne’s  favourite  tree.  We  noted  a 
Cedrus  atlantica  quite  80ft  in  height;  and  a  SAvamp  Cypress 
(Taxodium)  40ft,  the  Deodar  also  appearing  in  noble  mien. 
Bays,  Hollies,  Beeches,  and  YeAvs  are  inter.spersed,  and  indeed 
the  stately  Beeches  by-  tbe  lake  are  a  sight  Avhich  Avill  long  afford 
a  pleasant  memory.  The  Chilian  Pine  or  Monkey-  Puzzle  is 
in  handsome  form',  Avhiie  Sequoia  sempervirens,  or  RedAvood, 
attains  a  loftiness  of  80ft.  Other  notajde  evergreens  there  are 
Cupressus  LaAvsoniana  erecta  viridis,  35ft;  the  \\  ellingtonia,  as 
high  as  the  RedAA  Ood  ;  Pinus  ponderosa,  50ft  to  COft ;  Juniperus 
phoenicea  forming  fine  dark  plume-like  masses,  and  vary-ing 
from  14ft  up  to  25ft;  Abies  (or  Picea)  Menziesi,  more  beau¬ 
tiful  here  tlian  at  any  other  place  I  remember,  possessing  as 
it  does  a  character  of  distinctive  gracefulness.  The  Cedrus 
Deodar,  also  AA-ith  its  drooping  apical  branchlets,  stood  close  by 
Menzies’  Fir.  Abies  grandis  is  dark  and  of  another  type 
entirely,  and  again  in  the  pretty  Juniper  recurva,  Avhat  in¬ 
dividuality  Ave  have!  This  tree— the  one  Ave  note — Avas  planted 
by  the  late  Dir.  John  Spencer  so  far  back  as  1838. 
Thuyopsis  dolobrata  makes  a  good  leader,  and  has  attained 
to  12ft ;  and  from  this  moderate  height  one’s  eyes  trav-ej 
upAvard  60ft  in  the  visual  enjoyment  of  the  glaucous  form  of 
Cedrus  atlantica.  The  leaflets  in  this  case  Avere  of  a  .specially 
light  and  silvery  hue.  Abies  orientalis  is  dark  and  feathery, 
and  A.  cephalonica  furnishes  another  very  stately  tree.  Juni- 
perns  virginiana  pendula  has  long  slender  shoots  Avhich  droop, 
and  a  tree  of  25ft  to  30ft  has  a  very  ijretty  appearance. 
Tlie  Dovaston  YeAV  spreads  Avidely  over  the  ground  like 
a  great  round  table,  and  one  is  forced  to  meditate  on  tne 
Avonders  of  the  vegetable  kingdom  and  to  reconsider  the  theory 
of  evolution  Avhen  scanning  this  curious  tree  and  its  ally  the 
common  Spruce,  rising  to  OOft,  in  the  same  glance.  Judicious 
contrasts  form  the  very  essence  of  landscaiDe  charm,  and  con¬ 
trasts  are  necessary  and  unaA-oidable  Avhere  many  genera  and 
species  of  the  same  Order  of  trees  are  groAvn  together.  The 
planting  at  BoAvood  had  been  AAell  done,  and  the  magnificent 
trees  are  objects  of  special  interest  now.  One  of  the  first  of 
the  Douglas  Firs  brought  to  this  country  is  at  BoAvood,  and  its 
noble  height  and  heavily  laden  graceful  branches  are  very 
imposing.  Libocedrus  decurrens  from  the  Oregon  and  the 
Sierra  Nevada  mountains,  attains  38ft  to  40ft,  and  groAvs 
erectly-  Avith  columnar  form.  Picea  sitchensis  is  70ft,  and  the 
beautiful  Picea  Smithiana  Avith  tassei-like  branchlets,  are  both 
good ;  and  a  tree  of  Pinus  insignis,  also  very  high,  dense  and 
vigorous,  Avas  referred  to  as  being  among  the  earliest  planted 
in  England. 
One  could  mention  quite  a  host  of  other  strikingly  handsome 
trees,  or  those  possessed  of  some  feature  of  special  interest,  but 
it  is  true  that  “  enough  is  as  good  as  a  feast.”  The  EA-ergreen 
Oaks  are  fine,  and  are  much  beloved  by  the  noble  oAvner ;  nor 
can  AA-e  omit  to  mention  three  massive  Tulip  trees,  that  tops 
70ft ;  and  a  Hornbeam  gives  us  100ft  in  the  spread  of  its 
branches. 
The  Garden  in  Chief. 
BoAvood  is  indeed  spacious  and  excellent,  and  though  our 
notes  have  generalised,  and  have  hardly  particuiari.sed,  yet  can 
Ave'say  as;  Sir  Thomas  More  said  in  his  “Utopia”  long  ago, 
“  In  the  garden  they  have  vineyards,  all  manners  of  fruit, 
herbs,  and  floAvers,  so  pleasant,  so  well-furnished,  and  so  finely 
kept  that  I  never  saAv  anything  more  fruitful  nor  better 
trimmed  in  any  place.”  Lord  Lansdowne’s  garden  is  under 
the  direction  of  Dir.  George  BroAvn,  an  able  gardener  and  love¬ 
able  man.  Dir.  BroAA-n  has  beefl  for  28  years  in  the  service  of 
members  of  the  DIarquis  of  IjansdoAine’s  family,  nearly  nine 
years  at  BoAvood,  and  tAventy  years  at  Tuilyallan  Castle,  Perth¬ 
shire.  As  a  young  man  he  served  as  foreman  in  the  gardens  at 
Drumlanrig  Castle,  under  the  late  Dir.  James  DIacintosli,  and 
at  Linton  Park  in  the  same  position  under  an  old  and  much 
respected  contributor  to  the  Journal  of  Horticulture,  the  late 
Dir.  John  Robson. — J.  H.  D.  * 
Beauty  of  Cereidiphyllum  in  Spring-. 
I  have  not  seen  the  floAA-ers  of  the  Cercidiphyllum  japonicum 
(says  Dir.  DIeehan  in  the  “Florists’  Exchange”),  but  they  arc 
said  to  be  small  and  unattractive.  But  this  must  be  said  of 
this  tree  :  that  Avithout  floAvers  it  is  very  attractive  in  spring. 
The  opening  buds,  or  young  .shoots,  as  they  break  forth  AA-iUi 
the  Avarm  days  of_  April,  are  of  a  loAmly  pink  colour,  just  as 
pretty  as  the  floAA-ers  of  many  trees  and  shrubs  are.  To-day, 
seeing  a  tree  of  it  at  a  little  distance  aAvay,  the  display  was 
great  enough  to  bring  me  nearer,  to  see  'AA  hence  the  colour 
came.  Then  the  leaves  themselves  are  pretty  the  Avliole 
season  tbj-ough,  haying  a  purplish  pink  tinge  to  them  which 
attracts.  D\hen  Avritiug  of  this  tree  a  year  or  more  ago,  I  sakl 
it  required  a  damp  place  to  do  its  be.st,  and  I  still  find  it  .so. 
At  any  rate,  it  will  not  thrive  in  a  dry  place.  Where  mode¬ 
rately  damp  all  the  time,  the  foliage  is' much  better  than  when 
the  tree  is  not  suited  as  to  soil  and  situation.  This  is  a  tree 
Avhich  can  be  Avell  j'ecommended  to  planters. 
