128 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
August  6,  1903. 
those  left,  and  dust  with  soot  between  the  rows  when  the  next 
shower  occurs.  Watering  the  rows  after  thinning  also  prevents 
the  insects  from  entering  the  soil  to  deposit  their  eggs.  When 
hot  weather  occurs  during  June,  if  the  paraffin  emulsion  men¬ 
tioned  by  Mr.  Dean  is  sprayed  over  the  tops  of  the  plants,  it 
will  undoubtedly  keep  the  winged  insects  away,  and  thus  pre¬ 
vent  injury  to  the  crop.  When  a  bed  has  been  infested,  and  the 
same  piece  of  land  has  to  be  used  for  the  Carrot  crop  the  follow¬ 
ing  year,  a  dressing  of  gas  lime  (lOlbs  per  rod)  should  be  given 
in  the  autumn  to  kill  the  maggots  and  chrysalids  in  the  soil. 
Last  year  I  met  with  several  cases  in  which  the  grub  had 
almo.st  entirely  ruined  the  crop.  I  then  strongly  advised  those 
interested  to  follow  closely  the  methods  of  culture  above  indi¬ 
cated,  which  they  have  done,  and  this  season  their  beds  are 
almost  free  from  maggot,  while  those  around  them  have 
suffered  badly.  I  do  not  contend  that  everyone  can  secure 
complete  immunity  from  an  attack  in  one  season,  because  the 
chi-ysalids  in  the  soil  have  to  be  destroyed ;  but  if  they  will 
stick  to  the  above  instructions  they  need  have  no  fear  of  this — 
to  many — dreaded  foe. — Warwick. 
Horticulture  in  Tasmania. 
The  season  of  the  “  Mums  ”  has  now  passed,  and  winter’s 
garb  is  clothing  all  around.  Just  a  few  Rosebuds  are  lingering 
as  if  loth  to  leave  us,  even  for  a  while.  But  we  are  content, 
as  this  has  been  a  successful  season,  and  thei  “  autumn  cjueen  ” 
was  decked  in  her  finest  array.  Chrysanthemums  are-  grown 
here  principally  in  the  open,  and  towards  their  blooming  time 
are  protected  from  the  weather  by  coverings;  as,  for  instance, 
our  principal  grower,  Mr.  Charles  Bourke,  an  enthusiastic 
amateur,  has  erected  over  his  plants  a  framework,  and  over  this 
is  stretched  hundreds  of  yards  of  calico,  and  in  their  blooming 
season  a  visit  to  his  garden  is  a  great  treat.  It  is  pleasing  to 
note  that  several  amateurs  have  taken  up  the  idea  of  growing 
“  Mums  ”  in  pots :  but  when  one  remembea’s  a  plate  and  an 
account  of  Miss  Nellie  Pockett,  appearing  in  the  Journal  of 
February  lo,  1902,  one  wonders  if  they  will  ever  be  able  to 
grow  them  to  that  perfection;  but  I  trust  some  of  us  have  a 
gardener’s  virtue,  iiatience  and  perseverance. 
At  the  Launceston  Horticultural  Society’s  autumn  show, 
held  on  April  29th  and  30tli,  were  to  be  seen  some  lovely 
“Mums”;  the  most  noticeable  were  Fred  Hannaford,  Madame 
Carnot,  Mi,ss  Lucy  Evans,  Alfriston,  and  Miss  Nellie  Pockett. 
The  prize  for  the  best  blomu  was  Avon  Avith  a  beautiful  bloom 
of  Mrs.  W.  Mease.  This  variety  seems  to-  do  remarkably  Avell 
here.  Sonie  vei-y  pretty  Cactus  Dahlias  were  also  shown,  Mrs. 
Edward  Alavvley  being  the  most  admired*. 
Apples  from  Lilydale  (Northern  Tasmania)  Avere  excellent 
specimens,  and  Avere  the  .subject  of  particular  attention  by  the 
Ausitors.  Among  those  Avho  attended  the  shoAV  Avas  Mr.  A. 
Hunter,  of  “The  Penang,”  Gosford,  NeAv  South  Wales.  Mr. 
Hunter  is  the  senior  partner  of  the  firm  of  Hunter  and  Sons, 
Avell  knoAvn  orchardists.  The  Apples,  he  remarked,  Avere  ex¬ 
cellent,  and  for  quality  could  hardly  be  surpassed.  If  orchardists 
wished  to  develop  the  export  trade  they  should  take  great  care 
in  the  selection  of  the  fruit,  and  not  pack  it  Avhen  in  an  unripe 
state.  Air.  Hunter  Avas  a  iiractical  admirer  of  Air.  H.  W. 
West’s  Apple  trophy,  as  he  supplemented  the  prize  Avith  a  dona^ 
tion  of  £1  Is. — H.  F.  R.,  Launceston,  Tasmania,  Alay  20,  1903. 
Some  of  our  readers  may  know  Launceston.  Few  more  de¬ 
lightful  spots  exist  in  the  world,  or  ai-e  more  favoured  by 
climate  and  situation,  unless  it  be  Hobart  ToAvn,  the  capital  of 
Tasmania,  cn  the  Southern  coast.  Both  Avere  founded  .some 
eighty  years  ago,  but  the  population  of  Hobart  is  about  40,000, 
or  some  four  times  that  of  Launceston.  Tasmania,  which  is 
about  the  size  of  Ireland,  lies  about  as  far  from  Alelbourne  as 
Jersey  from  England,  and  is  the  favourite  refuge  of  the  Austra¬ 
lians  from  their  sun-stricken  plains  during  December  to  April, 
Avhere  they  find  a  land  of  English  verdure  with  a  climate  midAvay 
betAveen  that  of  DeA'onshire  and  the  Azores.  It  is  at  Launces¬ 
ton  that  the  Ausitor  from  Alelbourne  first  catches  sight  of  the 
beauties  of  Tasmania. 
The  folloAving  comments  of  the  local  Press  are  supplementary 
to  those  already  given  upon  this  interesting  shoAv : 
The  autumn  sIioav  in  connection  Avith  the  Launceston  Horti¬ 
cultural  Society  was  held  in  the  Albert  Hall  on  April  29,  and 
Avas  the  most  successful  since  the  formation  of  the  .society. 
Although  the  favourable  season  Avas  in  no'  small  measure  re¬ 
sponsible  for  the  high  f|uality  of  the  exhibits  generally,  the 
total  entries  Avere  ciuite  a  record,  and  in  addition  the  attendance 
during  the  afternoon  was  much  larger  than  at  previous  shoAvs. 
The  arrangements  for  di.splaying  the  exhibits  were  excellent, 
each  of  the  sections  being  on  separate  tables,  and  the 
“amateurs”  and  “professionals”  were  distinguished  from  each 
other  by  white  and  blue  cards  respectively.  The  Apple  trophy, 
Avhich  Avas  exhibited  by  Air.  W.  H.  West,  and  Avas  giv^en  the 
principal  honours,  AA'as  quite  a  show  in  itself,  and  with  the 
many  other  exhibits  from  Lilydale'  was  an  object  lesson  as 
shoAving  the  capabilities  of  that  district  for  fruit  growing.  No 
less  than  eighty  plates  of  Apples  of  assorted  varieties  AA^ere 
exhibited.  Other  fi-uits  Avere  Avell  represented,  the  principal 
honours  going  to  growers  in  the  Lilydale  district. 
The  show'  of  Chrysanthemums  Avas  very  fine,  and  Air.  Charles 
Bourke’s  exhibit  of  these  favourite  blooms  attracted  consider¬ 
able  attention.  It  may  be  interesting  to  indicate  the  blooms 
Avith  Avhich  Mr.  Bourke’s  successes  Avere  won.  His  twenty-four 
embraced  Daniel  Lambert,  Acme,  Madame  Ad.  Chatin,  Silver 
Queen,  Mrs.  Thomas  Lee,  Modesto,  Airs.  T.  Carrington.  Nellie 
Pockett,  Aliss  Baden-PoAvell,  Alerinaid,  Alfriston,  Florence 
Alolyneux,  Aliss  Lucy  Evans,  Mdlle.  Gabrielle  Debrie,  Meredith, 
Frank  Hannaford,  Australie,  Lady  Hutton,  Madame  Carnot, 
Lady  Roberts,  Inter-Ocean,  Edwin  Molyneux,  Airs.  W.  Alease, 
and  Mrs.  AI.  J.  Darcey.  His  eighteen  Avere  Mrs.  W.  Mease, 
Australie,  Lord  Hopetoun,  Modesto,  Mermaid,  Airs.  W.  J. 
Darcey,  Aliss  Lucy  Evans,  Acme,  Mrs.  J.  Gunn,  Aladame  Carnot, 
Lady  Hopetoun,  Nellie  Pockett,  Airs.  C.  Salter,  Western  King, 
Airs.  Tom  Rand,  Air.  T.  Carrington,  Aliss  Baden-PoAvell,  and 
Aldlle.  Gabrielle  Debrie.  His  twelve  Avere  Airs.  W.  Alease, 
Grapliic,  Lady  Roberts,  Alodesto,  Lord  Hopetoun,  Silver  Queen, 
Miss  Lucy  Evans,  Nellie  Pockett,  Meredith,  Alarie  BroAvning, 
Air.  T.  Carrington,  and  Mermaid.  Without  exception,  and 
taking  ev'erything,  including  the  gale,  into  consideration.  Air. 
Bourke’s  display  Avas  a  triumph  in  cultivation.  The  loA'e  of  the 
Chrysanthemum  is  evidently  extending. 
- - 
Flowers  of  Princes  and  Nobles. 
At  this  moment  I  am  unable  to  say  what  is  the  method 
adopted  by  other  nations  of  Europe,  but  it  is  no  longer 
customary  for  the  British  soldier  to  carry  his  colours  to  the 
battlefield,  or  on  a  march  through  an  enemy’s  country.  It 
is  thought  the  colours  are  dangerous,  because  their  con¬ 
spicuousness  makes  them  objects  of  attack.  But,  on  the 
other  hand,  soldiers  lose  the  stimulus  or  encouragement 
formerly  given  by  the  sight  and  presence  of  a  flag  which 
had  been  borne  along  many  a  weary  tramp,  and  flourished 
over  the  scene  of  hard-fought  victories.  In  the  olden  time, 
besides  standards,  it  was  common  for  an  armj’'  to  face  the 
enemy,  every  soldier  bearing  on  his  head-gear,  or  some  part 
of  his  clothes,  a  tivig  or  spray  of  some  plant.  It  did  not  put 
a  man  in  special  danger  when  thousands  had  the  same  badge 
or  emblem. 
A  notable  period  of  English  history  w’as  that  in  which 
the  Rose  became  an  important  sign  ;  the  Yorkists  took  a 
white  A\ariety,  the  Lancastrians  chose  a  red  one,  and  during 
the  Wars  of  the  Roses  these  flowers  were  often  displayed 
upon  the  battlefield.  The  “  bonny  Broom,”  a  flower,  no 
doubt,  much  easier  to  obtain  wild  formerly  than  it  is  now, 
was  exhibited  on  helm  or  belt,  since  some  incident  had 
linked  it  with  the  Plantagenets.  Hawthorn  or  Whitethorn 
is  said  to  have  been  the  chosen  symbol  of  the  Tudors,  and 
the  unfortunate  Stuarts  took  the  Thistle,  a  suitable  emblem 
indeed  for  that  race,  which  caused  so  much  mischief. 
Plants,  hoAvever,  Avere  not  alw'ays  worn  by  soldiers  as  a 
memoi'ial  of  some  leader  or  party ;  other  reasons  led  to 
their  appearance  on  the  scene  of  war.  The  Royal  Fern,  that 
handsome  Osmunda,  Avhich  at  one  time  was  found  in  many 
places  from  winch  it  has  vanished,  had  its  value  because  it 
was  believed  to  ensure  Divine  protection  if  a  sprig  was 
attached  to  the  person.  Some  say  the  Fern  became  notable 
through  its  association  with  the  Pagan  deity  Thor,  yet  it 
was  sometimes  called  “  Herb  Christopher.”  Our  common 
Herb  Robert  is  supposed  to  be  named  after  a  St.  Robert 
through  link  it  to  Robert,  Duke  of  Normandy.  Anyw'ay, 
the  plant  was  credited  with  curative  and  prophylactic 
powers,  hence  people  carried  sprigs  of  it  as  a  safeguard.  A 
still  greater  A^alue  was  attached  to  the  w'oodland  species. 
Geranium  sylvaticum.  This  plant,  however,  being  local, 
was  less  attainable. 
Within  the  necessarily  brief  limits  of  my  space,  I  cannot 
say  much  on  my  rather  extensive  subject,  and  must  only 
refer  to  a  few'  of  those  flowers  memorable  because  of  their 
connection  w'ith  families  or  persons.  We  will  glance  back 
first  at  the  Broom,  already  named  as  having  been  chosen 
bv  the  Plantagenets  for  their  sjunbol,  forming,  in  fact,  part 
of  the  title  of  the  family.  Geoffrey,  Duke  of  Anjou,  father 
of  our  Henry  II.,  was,  according  to  the  legend,  led  to 
