September  17,  1903.  JOUBl^AL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AXD  COTTAGE  GARDENER. 
277 
BOTHY  LIFE:  GOOD  AND  BAD  FOREMEN  (Hopeful).— 
Tho  whole  question  was  debated  at  some  length  only  a  few  months 
ago  in  our  columns.  Our  advice  is:  Do  your  best  in  all  things; 
and  if  you  think  you  have  cause  for  complaint,  ask,  as  a  man, 
to  state  your  case  before  the  gardener-in-chief.  Insist  upon  it, 
and  let  him  be  iudge, 
'THEORETICAL  CERTIFICATE  OF  THE  ROYAL  HORTI- 
CELTURAL  SOCIETY  (T.  T.). — The  secretary  of  the  Society 
(117,  Victoria  Street,  Westminster,  S.W.)  will  send  you  full  par¬ 
ticulars  if  you  apply  to  him.  There  is  an  annual  examination 
in  April,  at  which  you  are  free'  to  sit,  and  yoii  will  get  .specimen 
copies  of  the  questions  put  from  the  secretary,  as  addressed  above. 
Watch  our  advertisement  columns  for  tuitioners  by  corre¬ 
spondence. 
BOOK  ON  TABLE  DECORATIONS  (X.  Y.  B.).— Books  on 
this  subject  are  generally  only  to  be  had  second-hand.  We 
believe  there  is  at  least  one  in  prei^aration  for  the  Press.  We 
have  by  us  several,  but  the  best  is  one  by  Mr.  William  Low,  of 
Euston  Gardens,  Thetford,  who  details  (and  employs  wood 
engravings)  his  decorations  as  carried  out  at  Euston  for  the  Duke 
and  Duchess  of  Grafton.  It  was  published  in  1887  by  Richard 
C'lay  and  Sons,  London,  and  is  likely  enough  obtainable. 
t  DRESSING  VINE  BORDERS  (H.  C.  C.).— As  a  winter  dress¬ 
ing  to  the  border  we  advise  a  mixture  of  two  parts  dissolved 
bones,  dry  and  crumbling,  and  one'  part  double  sulphate  of  potash 
and  magnesia  (known  to  the  mannre  dealer  as  refined  kainit,  and 
having  a  percentage  of  48  to  52  per  cent,  of  sulphate  of  potash  or 
about  2G  to  28  per  cent,  pure  potash,  and  25  to  30  per  cent, 
sulphate  of  magnesia.,  and  containing  under  2^  per  cent,  of 
chlorine,  thus  showing  that  the  potash  and  magnesia  are  prac¬ 
tically  all  in  the  form  of  sulphate).  Of  this  mixture  4oz  to  8oz 
may  be  applied  per  square  yard,  and  very  lightly  pointed  in. 
We  have  found  this  mixture  have  a  good  effect  where  Ham- 
bui’ghs  do  not  colour  well  and  are  given  to  shanking. 
MUSCAT  HAMBURGH  GRAPE  (Idem).— The  Muscat  Ham- 
burghs  cracking  when  about  half  coloured  is  probably  due  to 
excess  of  moisture  at  the  roots  and  of  consequent  excess  of  nutri¬ 
tion.  The  only  preventive  we  have  found  of  any  real  use  has 
been  keeping  the  A^ine  relatively  dry  at  the  roots,  even  to  the 
extent  of  causing  the  foliage  to  become  very  slightly  limp,  but 
not  tO'  the  extent  of  flagging  under  the  influence  of  powerful 
sun,  mulching  the  border  with  short,  dry  material,  and  affording 
a  little  ventilation  constantly  so  as  to  prevent  the  deposition  of 
moisture  on  the  berries,  and  a  free  circulation  of  air  on  all 
favourable  occasions.  In  extreme  cases,  and  when  the  Vines  are 
extra  vigorous,  cutting  the  shoots  about  half  through  a  few 
joints  below  the  bunch  has  a  good  effect,  hut  the  chief  thing  is 
dry  condition  of  the  atmosphere  and'  Soil  consistent  with  the 
health  of  the  Abne  and  finish  of  the  Gr-apes,.  The  cutting  half 
through  of  the  .shoots  .should  be  done.  asispiQii  as  tliK?  berries  com¬ 
mence  changing  colour.  -sO  :  'i.’  'I'd 
DISEASED  ROSE  LEAVES  (S.  P.).--The -leaves  are  infected 
by  the  Rose  rust  fungus  (Phragmidiuin  subeorticatum),  t^’bich 
appears  in  three  forms,  and  all  produced  bn  the  Same  host.  The 
aecidia  appear  in  late  spring  on  the ’leaves  and  young  shoots, 
forming  iiowdery  orange  patches,  and  often  cause  distortion  of 
the  shoots.  About  midsummer  thet^’patches  become  deeper  in 
colour,  owing  to  the  formation  of  nredpspores,  and  is  known  as 
“  orange  fungus.”  Finally  the-  telento.spores  or  resting  -spores 
are  produced  as  minute  black  dots  on  the  under  surface  of  the 
leaves,  and  is  the  stage  present  on  your  specimens.  The  appear¬ 
ance  of  the  disease  in  spring  is  mainly  dependent  on  the  presence 
of  telentospores  in  the  neighbourhood,  though  sometimes  the. 
fungus  lives  over  the  winter  on  affected  sJifiots  and  produces  the 
uredo  stage  in  spring.  It  is  therefore  necessary  to  collect  and 
burn  all  fallen  leaves  in  the  autumn,  though  some  growers  con¬ 
sider  burying  them  deeply  in  the  ground  is  equally  effective.. 
Then,  in  early  spring,  before  the  pruning  buds  expand,  dress  the 
trees  thoroughly  with  a  solution  of  sulphate  of  copper  2oz,  dis¬ 
solved  in  three  gallons  of  soft  water,  applying  with  a  brush  or 
spraying  apparatus,  coating  all  the  parts  with  the  finest  possible 
film.  The  spraying  is  perhaps  the  be.st,  as  thci  ground  is  also 
coated  with  the  .solution.  If  the  fungus  should  afterwards  appear 
spraying  with  dilute  Bordeaux  mixture  or  preferably  ammoniacal 
carbonate  of  copper  solution  checks  the  fficidium  and  uredo 
stages,  the  application  being  so  administered  as  to  wet  the  under 
side  of  the  leaves  as  well  as  other  parts  of  thei  bushes. 
NAMES  OF  PLANTS. — Correspondents  whose  queries  are  un¬ 
answered  in  the  -present  issue  are  respectfully  rerjuested  to  consult  the 
following  number.  (C.  A.  Rocke). — Yes,  Lysimachia  vulgaris,  a  poor 
specimen.  (Albyn). — 1,  Campanula  Mariesi ;  2,  Campanula  urticifolia 
fl.-pl.  (Nettle-leaved  C.)  ;  3,  Leyeesteria  f'ormosa  ;  4,  Lathyrns  megal- 
lanicus,  or  Lord  Anson’s  Blue  Pea.  fW.  E.). — Oneidium  Forbesi. 
(AV.  D.b— 1,  Kalmia  angustifolia  ;  2,  Daboiea  polifolia  purpurea  ;  3, 
Vaecinium  corymbosa  ;  4,  Pieris  (Andromeda)  floribnnda  ;  5,  Isoloma 
sp.,  a  much  confused  genus  ;  6.  a  hybrid  Lfclia.  (F.  .1.  P.). — 1,  Olearia 
(iunniana  ;  2,  Kerria  japoniea  variegata  :  3.  unrecognised  ;  4,  Cytisus 
Carleri ;  5,  Collutea  arboreseens  ;  6,  Skimmia  japoniea. 
NAMES  OF  FRUITS. — Correspondents  whose  queries  arc  un¬ 
answered  in  the  present  issue  are  respectfully  requested  to  consult  the 
following  number.  (F.  Norman).—!.  Alfriston ;  2,  Scarlet  Oolden 
Pippin  ;  3,  Reinettc  Grise;  4.  Ribston  Pippin.  (Devon). — 1,  AA'arncr’s 
King  ;  2,  Belle  de  Pontoise  ;  3,  Blenheim  Orange  ;  4,  Tower  of  ( llainis  ; 
5,  Bismarck  ;  6,  Lord  Suilield. 
Covent  Garden  Market.— September  IGth. 
Average  Wholesale  Prices.— Fruit. 
s.  d.  s.  d 
Apples,  cooking,  bush.  5  0  to  8  0 
,,  dessert,  4-bush.  5  0  9  0 
Bananas . 10  0  15  0 
Grapes,  Alicante,  lb.  ...  10  13 
,,  Hamburgh  ...  1  0  16 
Lemons,  Messina,  case  10  0  15  0 
Oranges,  case  . 
Pears,  Duchess,  48’s, 
per  case  . 
,,  small,  4-sievc  ... 
Pines,  St.  Michael’s 
Plums,  Switzens . 
Average  Wholesale  Prices.— Vegetables. 
s.  d.  s.  d 
Artichokes,  green,  doz. 
,,  Jerusalem,  sieve 
Batavia,  doz . 
Beet,  red,  doz . 
Cabbages,  Spring,  tally 
2  0  toO  0 
16  0  0 
2  0 
0  6 
2  0 
0  2 
0  0 
0  0 
0  0 
0  0 
Leeks,  bunch  . 
Lettuce,  Cabbage,  doz. 
Mushrooms,  forced,  lb. 
Mustard  &  Cress,  doz. 
punnets . 
s.  d.  s.  d 
10  0tol5  0 
'80  10  0 
6  0  7  0 
3  0  5  0 
5  0  6  0 
s.  d.  s.  d 
0  2to0  2-2 
10  0  0 
0  8  0  9 
Cauliflowers,  doz. 
2  0 
0  0 
Parsley,  doz.  bnchs.  ... 
2  0 
0  0 
Corn  Salad,  strike 
1  0 
1  3 
Potatoes,  cwt . 
5  0 
6  0 
Cos  Lettuce,  doz . 
1  0 
0  0 
Radishes,  doz . 
0  9 
1  0 
Cucumbers  doz . 
2  0 
3  0 
Scarlet  Runners,  bush. 
4  0 
0  0 
Endive,  doz . 
1  6 
0  0 
Spinach,  bush . 
2  0 
0  0 
Herbs,  bunch  . 
0  2 
0  0 
Tomatoes,  English,  lb. 
0  3 
0  4 
Horseradish,  bunch  ... 
1  3 
1  6 
Turnips,  bnch . 
0  0 
0  2 
Avei'age  Wholesale  Prices.— Plants  In  Pots 
Most  of  the  undermentioned  plants  are  sold  in  48  and  32-sized  pots 
s.  d. 
s.  d 
s.  d. 
s.  d 
Aralias,  doz . 
5  0tol2  0 
Foliage  plants,  var,  each 
1  0to5  0 
Araucaria,  doz . 
12  0 
30  0 
Grevilleas,  48’s,  doz.  ... 
5  0 
0  0 
Aspidistra,  doz . 
18  0 
36  0 
Hydrangeas,  pink 
12  0 
0  0 
Crotons,  doz . 
18  0 
30  0 
Lycopodiums,  doz.  ... 
3  0 
0  0 
Cyperus  alternifolius 
Marguerite  Daisy,  doz. 
6  0 
0  0 
doz . 
4  0 
5  0 
Myrtles,  doz . 
6  0 
9  6 
Dracaena,  var. ,  doz.  ... 
12  0 
30  0 
Palms,  in  var.,  doz.  ... 
15  0 
30  0 
,,  viridis,  doz.  . 
9  0 
18  0 
,,  specimens 
21  0 
63  0 
Ferns,  var.,  doz . 
4  0 
18  0 
Pandanus  A’^eitchi,  48’s, 
,,  small,  100 . 
10  0 
16  0 
doz . 
24  0 
30  0 
Ficus  elastica,  doz.  ... 
9  0 
12  0 
Shrubs,  in  pots  . 
4  0 
6  0 
Average  Wholesale  Prices.- Cut  Blowers 
s.  d.  s.  d 
Arums,  doz . 
Asparagus,  Fern,  bnch. 
Carnations,  12  blooms 
Cattleyas,  doz . 
Croton  foliage,  bun.  ... 
Cycas  leaves,  each 
Eucharis,  doz . 
Gardenias,  doz . 
Geranium,  scarlet,  doz. 
bnchs . 
Gladiolus,  The  Bride, 
doz.  bun . 
Ivy  leaves,  doz.  bun. ... 
Lilium  Harris!  . 
Maidenhair  Fern,  doz. 
bnchs . 
2  6  to  3  6 
10  2  0 
1  0 
10  0 
0  9 
0  9 
1  6 
.  1  6 
1  6 
12  0 
1  0 
1  6 
0  0 
2  0 
3  0  4  0 
3  0 
1  6 
2  6 
0  0 
0  0 
0  0 
4  0  6  0 
Lily  of  Valley,  12  bnchs 
Marguerites,  white, 
doz.  bnchs . 
,,  yellow,  doz.  bnchs. 
Myrtle,  English,  bunch 
Ddontoglossums ...  ... 
Orange  blossom,  bunch 
Roses,  Niphetos,  white, 
doz . 
,,  pink,  doz . 
,,  yellow,doz.(Perles) 
, ,  Liberty,  doz . 
,,  Generals...  . . 
Smilax,  bunch  . 
Stephanotis,  doz. 
Tuberoses,  gross  ..  ... 
s.  d.  s.  d 
9  0tol2  0 
1  0 
1  0 
0  6 
4  0 
2  0 
1  0 
1  0 
1  6 
2  0 
1  0 
2  6 
2  0 
3  0 
2  0 
0  0 
0  0 
0  0 
0  0 
1  6 
2  0 
2  0 
0  0 
1  6 
3  0 
2  6 
0  0 
Meteorological  Observations  at  Chiswick. 
Taken  in  the  Royal  Horticultural  Society’s  Gardens  at  Chis¬ 
wick.  height  above  sea  level  24  feet. 
Date. 
Temperature  of  the 
Air. 
Temperature  of 
the  Soil. 
At  9  A.M. 
o 
1903. 
September. 
Direction  c 
Wind. 
At  9  A.M. 
Day. 
Night 
Rain. 
A  f 
At 
At; 
3  to 
T3  cn 
^  c5 
2  2  2 
&  o  o 
Dry 
Bulb. 
Wet 
Bulb, 
Highest. 
Lowest. 
i-ft. 
deep. 
2-ft. 
deep. 
4-ft. 
deep. 
JSg 
H 
Sundav  ...  6 
S.W. 
dep. 
51-7 
deg. 
£0-6 
deg. 
61-3 
deg, 
45  2 
Ins. 
0-02 
deg. 
62-1 
deg. 
62'3 
deg. 
597 
deg. 
39-5 
Monday  ...  7 
S.W. 
54-7 
52-9 
67-3 
44-7 
— 
60-2 
61-7 
59  7 
37-9 
Tuesday...  8 
S.W. 
61-1 
57-3 
65-3 
52-1 
0-11 
60  8 
61-2 
597 
46'3 
Wed’sday  9 
W.N.W. 
61  7 
56-9 
64-9 
58-3 
— 
61-3 
61  0 
59 '6 
57  2 
Thursday  10 
W.N.W. 
55-5 
49  7 
5S-7 
43-3 
0-55 
59  8 
60  9 
59  4 
37-2 
Friday  ...11 
W.N.W. 
51'9 
47-6 
61-3 
45  7 
— 
580 
60-2 
59-4 
44-5 
Saturday  12 
W.S.W. 
51-7 
47-7 
57-4 
39  6 
570 
59-5 
59  2 
ii'i 
Means  ... 
55*5 
51-8 
62  3 
47  0 
Total. 
0-68 
59  9 
61  0 
59-5 
42'3 
me  weatiier  tut?  ptnu  kjl 
old.  and  a  heavy  fall  of  i-ain,  accompanied  by  a  rough  gale  of  wind, 
iccurred  on  the  10th,  doing  considerable  damage  to  trees,  glass.  Arc. 
