382 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AND  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
October  22,  1903. 
Another  Bothy  Plan. 
Ground  Plan. — All  the  ground  floor  is  covered  with  alternate 
black  and  red  tiles,  Gin  by  Gin,  laid  in  cement.  The  walls  of  the 
room  inside  are  of  glazed  brick.  For  a  height  of  five  feet  they 
are  of  a  light  green  colour,  and  above  that,  white.  A  sitting 
room  and  a  dwelling  room  are  provided,  and,  for  greater  seclusion, 
a  reading  room  also. 
To  support  the  partitions  dividing  the  bedroom  to  the  left 
of  the  upstairs  plan,  a  strong  iron  girder  spans  the  w'idth  of  the 
building,  and  three  smaller  ones  join  it  at  thd' points  indicated. 
This  is  done  in  i^reference  to  having  stud-work,  which  is,  of  course, 
less  desirable  than  bricks.  There  are  six  hedroom.s  and  a  bath¬ 
room.  The  walls  of  the  latter  are  faced  inside  wdth  glazed  bricks, 
hut  the  bedroom  walls  are  plastered  and  coated  over  with  a  light 
green  colouring.  There  is  a  fireplace  in  each  room. 
The  exterior  Avails,  and  also  the  central  one  supporting  the 
chimneys,  are  one  and  a  half  brick  thick.  The  quoins  are  of 
granite,  or,  if  this  is  not  obtainable  at  a  reasonable  price,  Bath 
stone.  The  other  walls  (with  the  exception  of  those  resting  on 
the  girders)  are  nine  inches  thick,  while  those  over  the  girders 
are  four  and  a  half  inches.  VieAvs  of  the  front  and  east  end 
elevation  are  given.  The  e.stimated  cost  is  about  £275,  exclusive 
of  labour. — Wm.  Roaa'les,  Fnder-Gardener,  Irwell  Bank,  Eccles, 
Lancashire. 
ITEMS  OP  EXPENDITURE. 
£  s.  d. 
1  Common  red  bricks,  69,225  .  102  0  0 
2  Glazed  (white  and  green)  bricks,  5,526  ,.  . .  12  0  0 
3  Stone,  132  blocks  . 49  1  0 
4  Tiles,  flooring,  3,210 .  ,. .  8  16  0 
5  Rooflng  slates,  1,400  .  28  0  0 
6  Beams  . 12  15  0 
7  Rafters,  1 . 11  6  0 
8  Other  rooflng  timber . 500 
9  Flooring  boards  . 4  16  0 
10  Lathes . 3  5  0 
11  Plaster . 16  10  0 
12  Girder  (iron),  50ft.  in  all . 6  6  0 
13  Windows,  including  glass . 10  2  0 
14  Doors  . 3  18  0 
Total  .  273  13  0 
Societies. 
R.H.S.  Scientific  Committee,  Oct.  Ifith. 
Present:  Dr.  M.  T. Masters  F.R.S.  (in  the  chair);  Messrs.  Saunders, 
^Vorsdell,  Massee,  Gordon,  and  Holmes  ;  Drs.  Rendle  and  Cooke ; 
Revs.  W.  Wilks  and  G.  Hensloiv,  Hon.  See. 
Chrysanthemum  leaves,  spotted. — Mr.  Saunders  exhibited  leaves 
apparently  encrusted  Avith  some  mineral,  Mr.  Holmes  undertook  to 
examine  it. 
Male  Figs. — Dr.  Masters  observed  that  he  had  several  instances  of 
Figs  sent  to  him  that  failed  to  I’ipen.  They  Avere  remarkable  for 
containing  entirely  male  flowers  ;  ordinary  Figs  being  entirely  female, 
but  ripening  Avithout  fertilisation,  except  in  the  case  of  the  Smyrna 
Figs,  Avhieh  require  “  eaprification.” 
Potato  disease. — Dr.  Cooke  replied  to  enquiries  as  the  transmission 
of  the  mycelium  from  the  leaves  doAvn  the  stem  being  the  only  means 
of  reaching  the  tuber.  His  opinion  Avas  that  the  disease  may  be 
communicated  direct  to  the  tubers  while  young  and  with  a  delicate 
skin,  or  Avhen  bruised  or  Avounded. 
Cle7natis  parasite. — He  also  reported  on  a  nCAV  disease,  AVhieh 
Mr.  Chittenden  named  Ovularia  clematidis,  and  exhibited  at  the  last 
meeting.  Dr.  Cooke  supplied  a  technical  description  of  the  fungus, 
and  adds:  “No  experiments  have  been  made  to  check  this  parasite. 
If  it  should  establish  itself,  it  Avould  be  well  to  try  poAvdered  sulphur 
at  first,  and  if  this  be  not  successful  to  use  Bordeaux  mixture.” 
Vegetable  monstrosities. — Mr.  Worsdell  exhibited  a  spray  of  Pelar¬ 
gonium  Avith  foliaceous  bracts  at  the  base  of  the  umbel,  and  a  fasciated 
peduncle ;  also  floAver  heads  of  Scabiosa  purpurea  Avith  proliferous 
axis.  Mr.  Wilks  observed  that  this  is  iiarticularly  eommon  on  German 
plants. 
Lilac  injured  by  insects. — Mr.  Gordon  shoAved  branches  attacked 
by  some  insect,  on  Avhich  Mr.  Saunders  has  reported  as  folloAvs  :  “  The 
Lilac  leaves  Avere  injured  by  the  caterpillars  of  a  small  moth,  one  of 
the  Tineina  ;  but  nearer  than  that  I  cannot  say.  The  caterpillars  had 
taken  their  departure  from  the  leaves,  and  had  no  doubt  buried  them¬ 
selves  in  the  ground  beneath  the  bush  and  become  chrysalides  Avithin 
a  couple  of  inches  of  the  surface.  I  should  recommend  that  a  good 
dressing  of  kainit  should  be  given,  and  that  it  should  be  chopped  in 
Avith  a  hoe ;  this  Avould  probably  kill  a  number  of  them.  When  the 
leaves  are  opening  in  the  spring  another  dressing  Avould  be  useful  to 
prevent  the  moths  making  their  Avay  to  the  surface.” 
Potatoes  diseased. — Mr.  Gordon  also  exhibited  Potatoes  badly 
attacked  by  Chrysophlyctis  endobiotica.  This  fungus  was  introduced 
from  the  Continent,  and  first  appeared  in  Cheshire.  It  has  completely 
destroyed  crops  in  allotments  this  year  in  Nottinghamshire. 
Mound  parasite  of  Apple  trees. — Dr.  Cooke  also  reported  upon  some 
examples  brought  by  Mr.  Chittenden.  The  funj^us  is  Hydnum 
Schiedermayeri.  It  formed  a  strip  of  about  4ft  groAving  through  the 
bark.  This  fungus  is  said  to  be  very  destructiA'e  to  Apple  trees,  the 
spores  entering  through  a  Avound  in  the  bark. 
Tomentum  on  Vine  leaves. — Dr.  Bonavia  sent  leaves  to  shoAv  hoAv 
closely  natural  Avoolliness,  or  tomentum,  resembled  the  red  spider’s 
Aveb,  and  that  it  Avas  impossible  to  distinguish  them  by  the  naked  eye. 
Mr.  Saunders  obserAms  :  “  I  should  not  think  it  could  be  possible  for 
anyone  to  distinguish  between  the  tomentum  on  the  leaves  and  the 
Aveb  spun  by  the  red  spiders  Avith  the  naked  eye,  unless  the  Avebs  only 
covered  parts  of  the  leaves,  in  Avhieh  case  the  under  sides  of  the  leaves 
Avould  have  a  patchy  appearance  ;  but  the  similarity  betAveen  the  web 
and  the  tomentum  is  so  great,  that  otherwise  no  ordinary  eye  could 
detect  the  difference.  Under  the  microscope  the  threads  of  the 
tomentum  are  tAvisted,  and  do  not  lie  so  straight  as  the  threads  of  the 
webs.” 
The  Horticultural  Club. 
Arctic  Natural  History. 
The  lecture  by  Mr.  Charles  E.  Peauson,  on  “  Bird-nesting  in 
Russian  Lapland,”  before  the  Horticultural  Club,  on  October  13, 
Avas  extremely  interesting,  and  photographs  Avere  shown  of  eggs 
of  many  kinds  and  aubavs  of  the  scenery  A>Tthin  the  Arctic  circle, 
plus  a  number  of  native  plants  and  floAvers.  Mr.  Pearson  began 
by  apologising  for  choosing  a  subject  someAvhat  out  of  the  horti¬ 
cultural  line,  but  in  point  of  fact,  apart  from  the  intensely  inter¬ 
esting  pictures  of  eggs  and  nests,  there  were  such  charming 
example.s  of  Arctic  floAvers  and  Arctic  landscapes  that  an  apology 
Avas  utterly  needless,  especially  in  AueAv  of  the  lecturer’s  treat¬ 
ment  of  his  subject,  at  once  humorous  and  instructive.  Clutches 
of  eggs  of  a  great  number  of  birds  Avere  shoAvn  exactly  as  they 
Avere  found,  the  photographs  being  taken  from  above,  thus  afford¬ 
ing  a  full  AUCAV  ;  and  it  AA'as  really  marvellous  to  note  in  many  cases 
hoAv  the  seemingly  capricious  blotchings  and  markings  of  the 
eggs  masked  them  from  p)rying  eyes,  OAving  to  their  consequent 
close  imitation  of  their  surrounding.s.  In  some  cases,  too,  it  Avas 
difficult  to  dispel  the  idea  that  the  birds  had  not  also  selected 
a  site  amid  rounded  pebbles  of  similar  outline  and  colour  to  the 
eggs,  in  order  to  aid  this  masking,  so  exactly  did  they  resemble 
each  other.  Egg.s  and  nests — the  latter  in  many  cases  being 
practically  non-existent,  the  eggs  lying  among  bare  stones — 
Avere  shoAA’n  of  the  buzzard,  redAA’ing,  eagle,  gulls,  eider  duck, 
Avild  SAA'an,  oyster-catcher,  dotterel,  and  many  others,  each  being 
accompanied  by  a  A'ivid  description  of  the  habits  of  the  birds 
and  the  Amrious  adventures  Avhich  attended  the  discovery  of  the 
carefully  hidden  eggs. 
Hours  of  motionless  Avaiting,  accompanied  by  myriads  of  in¬ 
dustrious  mosquitoes  AA'orking  their  sAveet  Avill  on  eA^ery  exposed 
portion  of  skin,  Avere  sometimes  needed  ere  the  disturbed  mother 
bird  Avould  settle  doAvn  on  the  otherAvise  undisco verable  nest. 
Long  leagues  of  difficult  travel  over  several  feet  of  treacherous 
snoAv  preluded  many  of  the  discoveries  ;  and  in  this  latter  con¬ 
nection  a  most  laughable  description  Avas  given  of  the  difficulty 
of  bargaining  Avith  a  rapacious  jehu  by  the  mediation  first  of  an 
interpreter  Avho  translated  the  English  into  NorAvegian,  then 
another  Avho  did  the  Norsk  into  Finnish,  and  finally  a  Finn  who 
kneAv  some  Russian — no  little  speculation  resulting  as  to  the 
form  in  AA’hich  the  original  remarks  reached  their  destination. 
Some  of  the  photographs  gaA^e  a,  clear  idea  of  the  marvellous 
rapidity  of  Arctic  vegetation  during  the  brief  summer.  A  dense 
and  robust  mass  of  Caltha  palustris  (the  Marsh  Marigold)  Avas, 
for  instance,  shoAvn  in  full  floAA'er  on  a  spot  AA’hich,  three  Aveeks 
previously,  Avas  deep  in  suoav,  and  only  fifteen  days  before  had 
been  observed  as  just  evidencing  growth.  Barley  is  stated  to  be 
ripe  within  thirteen  Aveeks  of  soAAung.  This  the  lecturer  imputed 
to  the  long  and  continuous  daylight,  and  a  relative  photograph 
shoAved  the  midnight  sun  fairly  high  in  the  sky.  Some  lovely 
specimens  of  Myosotis  alpestris,  Silene  acaulis.  Bog  Cotton,  and 
other  floAvering  plants  evidenced  also  the  beauty  of  the  Arctic 
flora,  as  Avell  as  its  rapidity  of  development. — C.  T.  D. 
Sheffield  Floral  and  Horticultural. 
(Interesting  P^eport  of  Annual  Sleeting.) 
The  annual  general  meeting  of  this  society  was  particularly 
Avell  attended,  and  much  interest  Avas  evinced  in  the  business. 
The  Secretary’s  report  dealt  Avith  some  very  important  matters. 
Recently  the  .society  had  approached  other  district  societies  AA’ith 
the  vieAV  of  bringing  about  an  amalgamation  of  the  Avhole,  so 
that  one  first-class  exhibition  should  be  held,  but  the  small  local 
societies  cling  tenaciously  to  “  restricted  areas.”  The  honour  (  ?) 
of  carrying  on  a  shoAV,  and  of  being  “  on  the  committee,”  probably 
Aveighs,  but  the  Sheffield  Society  has  one  paramount  object — 
that  of  .securing  the  advance  of  horticulture,  and  there  is  an 
absence  of  personal  considerations.  Every  effort  is  to  be  made 
to  make  the  next  shoAv  one  of  the  leading  exhibitions  of  the  year. 
The  Duke  of  Norfolk  has  become  President  ;  Mr.  W.  LeAvendon, 
F. R.H.S.  (93,  Neill  Road,  Sheffield)  Avas  unanimously  re-elected 
Secretary  ;  and  Mr.  A.  Watson,  Chairman  of  Committee,  Avhich 
includes  such  men  as  Messrs.  .J.  Artindale,  J.  Bennett,  T.  SAvain, 
J.  Mai’sden,  B.  Bray,  Ac.  The  1904  shoAv  AA'ill  be  held  on  Satur¬ 
day,  August  13,  in  the  beautiful  grounds  of  Holly  Court,  by^ 
