470 
JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE 
Societies. 
R.H.S.  Scientific  Committee,  Nov.  10th. 
Present:  Dr.  M.  T.  Masters,  F.R.S.  (in  the  chair) ;  Messrs.  Odell, 
Veitch,  Saunders,  Worsdell,  Massee,  Chittenden,  Bowles.  Holmes,  and 
Baker  ;  Dr.  M.  C.  Cooke  ;  Professor  Boulger  ;  Revs.  AV.  AVilks  and 
G,  Henslow,  Hon.  See. 
Scientific  investigations  at  Wisleij. — In  reply  to  Dr.  Masters’  request 
for  suggestions,  Mr.  F.  .J.  Baker  wrote  to  say  that  in  his  opinion  the 
botanical  director  should  have  a  sound  practical  knowledge  of  general 
science  (including  biology,  chemistry,  and  physics),  and  a  sufficiently 
good  knowledge  of  gardening  to  enable  him  to  apply  facts  to  such 
intricate  problems  as  ainse  in  connection  with  horticulture.  He 
should  be  able  to  distinguish  between  the  requirements  of  artistic, 
scientific,  and  economic  gardening.  Air.  Baker  also  made  suggestions 
of  a  pecuniary  nature.  Dr.  Rendle  in  his  cbmmunieation  discusses  the 
question  of  expense  and  necessary  appliances  for  the  Director,  e.g., 
microscope,  apparatus  &e. 
Potatoes  and  Millipedes. — Mr.  Chittenden  showed  Potatoes  badly 
attacked  by  these  creatures.  It  Avas  thought  that  an  excess  of  manure 
and  a  deficiency  of  lime  favoured  their  presence. 
Croci  new  to  cultivation, — Air.  Bowles  exhibited  some  growing  plants 
of  interesting  species  as  follows : — C.  Cambessedesi,  Gay,  introduced 
to  cultivation  by  Air.  G.  Alaiv,  but  subsequently  lost.  It  is  noAv  re¬ 
introduced  from  Poi’t  Mahon  in  Alinorca.  It  only  occurs  in  Alajorca 
and  Alinorca.  C.  easpius,  Tisch  and  Aleyer.  This  species  is  neAv  to 
cultivation.  It  Avas  collected  in  Russian  Talych  at  an  elevation  of 
1,000ft.  C.  e.  var.  lilacinus  has  floAvers  of  a  pale  rosy  lilac  colour ; 
the  throat,  as  of  the  type,  is  of  a  bright  yelloAV  colour,  A  unanimous 
vote  of  thanks,  proposed  by  Air,  Veitch  and  seconded  by  Air.  Holmes, 
Avas  given  to  Mr.  BoAvles  Avith  Botanical  Certificates  for  the  neAv 
species  exhibited. 
Pears  malformed. — Some  curious  specimens  Avere  I’eceived  from  Air. 
Goodacre,  Elvaston.  Professor  HensloAv  examined  them  and  reports  as 
folloAVS  : — The  stalk  of  the  fruit  had  made  a  preliminary  effort  to  form 
a  Pear,  but  only  on  one  side  of  it ;  thereby  producing  a  curved,  some- 
Avhat  pointed,  Aven-like  excrescence,  due  to  the  hypertrophy  of  the 
cortical  tissues.  This  caused  a  curA-ature  in  the  stalk ;  from  out  of  this 
depression  the  stalk  continues  its  groAvth,  finally  terminating  in  an 
elongated  Pear.  The  core  or  carpels,  Avhen  present,  for  they  Avere  in 
some  instances  suppressed,  Avere  situated  very  close  to  the  terminal 
depression  AA'hich  contained  the  calyx  and  other  remnants  of  the 
floAver. 
Fraxinella  capsules. — Dr.  Alasters’ shoAved  specimens,  illustrating 
the  peculiar  Avay  the  endoearp  separates  from  the  outer  Avail  of  each 
follicle.  Then,  by  tAvisting,  it  jerks  the  seeds  out.  It  Avas  again 
remarked  that  the  seeds  must  not  be  alloAved  to  dry  lest  they  fail  to 
germinate. 
Devizes  (Wilts),  November  3rd. 
This  is  annually  held  in  connection  with  a  very  deserving  in¬ 
stitution,  the  Devizes  Benevolent  Society,  and  one  half  of  the 
Com  Exchange  Avas  filled  AAuth  groups  of  Chrysanthemums  and 
fine  blooms,  and  the  other  half  with  gaily-decorated  stalls,  at 
Avhich  ladies  sold  various  articles  in  aid  of  the  Society.  But  the 
Clirysanthemum  shoAv  is  ahvays  a  great  attraction.  It  Avas  ad¬ 
mirably  arranged  by  Air.  W.  King,  of  the  Castle.  Gardens. 
Tavo  bold  groups  Avere  staged  in  the  centre,  the  fir.st  prize 
for  one  arranged  in  a  circle  Avith  foliaged  plants  Avent  to  Mr.  H. 
Clack,  gardener  to  G.  E.  Colston,  Esq.,  M.P.,  Roundhay  Park, 
DeAuzes.  Aliss  Nir’en,  the  Grange,  Marden,  took  the  second 
prize.  A  class  for  tAventy-four  blooms  of  incurved  and  twenty- 
four  of  Japs,  shoAvn  in  combination,  i.s  ahvays  a  very  interesting 
one,  and  the  first  prize  fell  to  the  lot  of  Air.  AV.  Higgs,  gardener 
to  J.  B.  Hankey  Esq.,  Fetcham  Park,  Leatherhead,  AA’ith,  as 
might  be  expected,  excellent  blooms  throughout.  The  King  is 
a  promising  neAv  Amriefy  of  a  rich  lake  tint.  Tavo  other  prizes 
Avere  awarded.  Mr.  Drake,  of  Cardiff,  Avho  had  entered  for  this 
class,  had  a  serious  accident  to  his  blooms  through  careless 
handling,  and  could  not  exhibit.  He  had  some  excellent  in¬ 
curved  A'arieties.  With  tAventy-four  blooms  of  Japs,  Air.  F.  S. 
Vallis,  Bromham,  Chippenham,  AA'on  the  Mayor’s  handsoine  silver 
cup.  He  had  finiely-developed  examples  of  Sensation,  F.  S. 
Vallis,  E.  Molyneux  (in  excellent  cha.racter).  Brightness  (bright 
rose,  one  of  Air.  H.  Silsbury’s  raising,  and  very  fine),  Alildred 
Ware,  Bessie  Godfrey,  Alonsieur  Auger,  S.  T.  Wright,  W.  R. 
C’hurch,  A^alerie  Greenham,  Aldme.  HerreAvege,  Airs.  Bryant, 
Nellie  Pockett,  Henry  StoAve,  Chas.  Longley,  Ac.  Second,  Mr. 
C.  J.  Salter,  gardener  to  Airs.  HayAvood,  Woodhatch,  Reigate, 
Avho  had  fine  blooms  of  Airs.  J.  LcAvis,  E.  Betfesworth,  W.  R. 
Church  (vei'y  fine),  AA^.  Duckham,  Mrs.  G.  Mileham,  Mildred 
AA'are,  AA".  A.  Etherington,  Chas.  Penford,  Alary  Inglis,  General 
Hutton,  F.  S.  Vallis,  &c.  Mr.  F.  Cooke,  gardener  to  T.  E. 
Taylor,  E.sq.,  Avas  third  Avith  tAvelve  blooms  of  Japanese  incurA'ed. 
Air.  F.  Bible,  The  Gardens,  Draycott,  Chippenham,  AA'as  first. 
Chief  among  his  blooms  Avere  Mrs.  Alileham,  Captain  P.  Scott, 
Godfrey’s  Alasterpiece,  Aliss  Alileham,  Aldme.  P.  Radaelli, 
AND.  COTTAGE  GARDENER,  November  19,  1903 
Florence  Alolyneux,  Ac.  Secopd,  Air.  F.  A^allis,  Avith  twelve 
blooms  of  ,  Japs,  six  white  and  six  yelloAv.  Alr.'  H.  Wright, 
Beckett  Gardens,  Shrir'enham,  Avas  first ;  he  had  six^  blooms  each 
of  F.  S.  Awllis  and  Aliss,  A.  Byron.  ,  Air.  A'allis  pame  second 
Avitli  Be.ssie  Godfrey;  F.  S.  Vallis,  and  tAvp  AA'hites,  Airs.  J.  LeAA'is 
and  Aldme.  HerreAvegO.  Mr.  H.  Clack  Ava,s  third.  Air.  H.  Clack 
Avas  placed  first  Avith  tAveh'e  Japanese,,  open  only  io  exhibitors 
in  AAults".  The  best  epergne  of  Chrysanthemums  AA;as  staged  by 
Airs.  Lucas,  and  Miss  A’^allis  Avas  second ;  but  Aliss;  A'allis  came 
first  Avith  a  charming  basket  of  autumn  foliage;  Air.  Lucas  taking 
the  second  prize. 
Cheltenham  (Gloucestershire),  November  4th. 
There  is  a  happy  combination  of  horticulture  and  agriculture 
at  Cheltenham,  and  on  this  occasion  the  spacious  Winter  Gar¬ 
de)!  Avas  seen  to  be  filled  Avith  very  much  of  the  produce  of  the 
garden  and  a  great  deal  from  the  farm.  The  brilliant  Chrys¬ 
anthemums  predominated.  There  AA^ere  very  fine  and  effective 
circular  groups,  somewhat  too  formal  and  too  much  packed  ;  but 
yet  effectiAm  in  the  case  of  the  large  groups.  Alrj.  J.  Horlick 
(J.  Aladdocks,  gardener)  1st,  for  largest  Mr.  H.  0.  Lord  (T.  Alay, 
gardener)  Avas  a  good  second.  In  another  class  for  ,a  ^oup  Air. 
Horlick  Avas  again  aAvarded  a  fir.st  prize.  There  wa^  still  a  third 
group,  in  Avdiich  Mr.  Leighton,  an  amateur,  took  the  first 
prize,  staging  remarkably  good  stuff. 
Specimen  plants  AA’ere  in  several  classes,  but  they  Avere  not 
so  good  generally  as  Ave  have  been  in  the  habit  of  seeing  them  at 
Cheltenham.  The  Japs  Avere  decidedly  the  best.  An  excellent 
.specimen  of  W.  R.  Church  Avas  in  the  first-prize  collection  of  six 
plants.  i 
The  greatest  interest  centred  in  the  cut  bloom  plasses.  The 
best  eighteen  incurved  came  from  the  AIisse.s  Davies  (H.  J. 
Driver,  gardener),  whose  blooms,  generally  well-finished,  com¬ 
prised  M.  A.  Haggas,  Mdme.  Ferlat,  Princess  of  Wales,  Han- 
well  Glory,  Fred  Palmer,  O.  H.  Curtis,  ANolet  Tomlin,  Alajor 
Bonaffon,  Ac.  Mr.  H.  0.  Lord  Avas  a  good  second.  In  the 
class  for  tAvelvei  blooms,  Mr.  E.  Hadland  (E.  C.  Young,  gardener) 
Avas  Avell  in  first.  He  had,  in  good  condition,  Topaze  Orientale, 
Pearl  Palace,  Aliss  A.  Hills,  Mrs.  Crooks,  C.  H.  Curtis,  Aldme. 
Ferlat,  &c.  Alajor  Showell  (J.  MuIIoav,  gardener),  was  second. 
Japanese  blooms  Avere  finely  shown  by  Air.  Horlick,  whose 
leading  varieties  Avere  J.  R.  Upton,  Kimberley,  Mrs.  Alease, 
Alafeking  Hero,  Miss  E.  Fulton,  Mrs.  G.  Mileham,  Duchess  of 
Sutherland,  W.  R.  Church,  J.  T.  Thorneycroft,  Mdme.  P. 
Radaelli,  Le  Grand  Dragon,  &c.  Second,  Mrs.  SAvinburne  (Mr. 
Martin,  gardener),  who  also  had  finely-developed  blooms.  In 
the  class  for  tAvelve  Japs  Sir  Hubert  Parry,  Bart.  (Mr.  Berry, 
gardener)  AA’as  placed  first,  having,  in  fine  form,  Lord  Salisbury, 
Mrs.  Barkley,  J.  R.  Upton,  Chas.  Longley,  Miss  L.  Mountford, 
Kimberley,  Eva  Knowles,  &c.  Alajor  ShoAvell  was  a  do.se 
second.  There  Avas  a  class  for  six  varieties  also. 
A  neAv  class  for  tAvelve  vases  of  large  specimen  blooms,  three 
blooms  of  one  variety,  to  be  shoAvn  in  a  vase,  Avas  instituted  for 
the  first  time,  and  brought  an  excellent  competition.  Air. 
H.  O.  Lord  Avas  first,  and  Mr.  J.  Horlick  Avas  second. 
Plants  Avere  represented  by  some  glorious  example.?  of 
Begonia  Gloire  de  Lorraine,  by  Cyclamens,  Primula  sinensis, 
ANolas,  Salvia  splendens,  &c.,  all  A^ei-y  creditable. 
Fruit  was  represented  by  fairly  good  black  and  Avhite  Gi-apes ; 
culinary  and  dessert  Apples,  oAving  to  the  season  and  their 
scarcit;A%  fell  beloAV  the  usual  mark;  and  of  Pears  there  AvCre 
none,  excepting  some  big  Pitmaston  Duchess  and  Belle 
d’Angevine,  shoAvn  for  av eight.  A  feAv  Pears  Avere  among  the 
collections  of  hardy  fruits,  Avhich  consisted  mainly  of  Apples. 
A'egetables  Avere  numerously  .shoAvn,  and  some  good  collec¬ 
tions  Avere  staged  in  competition  for  the  special  prizes  offered  by 
Messrs.  Sutton  and  Sons  and  Yates  and  Son. 
Aluch  that  interested  the  agricultural  interest  Avere  also 
good  and  of  varied  character.  The  arrangements  )nade  by  Air. 
Sharpe,  the  secretaiy,  Avere,  as  usual,  excellent,  and  satisfactory 
all  round. 
Ipswich  and  East  of  England  Horticultural. 
This  Society  held  its  annual  Chi-ysanthenium  show  in  the 
Public  Hall,  Ipswich,  on  November  10  and  II.  Generally  speak¬ 
ing,  fhe  display  Avas  of  a  very  .satisfactory^  character,  and  compe¬ 
tition  Avas  keen  throughout.  ShoAV  boards  have  been  all  but 
abolished  at  this  exhibition,  only  one  or  tAvo  classes  being  re- 
SPi'A-ed  for  blooms  shoAvn  in  this  manner. 
Cut  Floweks  :  Chrysanthemums. — The  principal  class  for 
Japanese  is  that  for  six  vases,  fiA’e  blooms  of  each  variety.  This 
brought  only  one  competitor.  Air.  T.  Whittel,  gardener  to 
Luther  Holden,  Esq.,  Ru,shmere,  Avho  Avas  awarded  first  prize 
for  nice  set,  comprising  W.  R.  Church,  Airs.  G.  Alileham  (good), 
AlattheAV  Smith,  Mrs.  Mease,  T.  Carrington,  and  Mr,«.  Green¬ 
field.  For  eighteen  Japs,  in  six  vases,  competition  Avas  keen. 
Air.  W.  Messenger,  gardener  to  C.  H.  Berners,  Esq.,  M  oolyer* 
stone,  secured  the  premier  award  Avith  a  highly  coloured  exhibit 
