December  17,  1903.  JOURNAL  OF  HORTICULTURE  AXD  COTTAGE  GARDENER, 
569 
_4i]  correspondence  relating  to  editorial  matters  should  lie  directed 
to  “The  Editor,”  12,  Mitre  Conn’  Chambers,  Fleet  .Street, 
London,  E.C.  It  is  requested  that  no  one  will  write  privately 
to  any  of  our  correspondents,  seeking  information  on  matters 
discussed  in  this  Journal,  as  doing  so  subjects  them  to  unjustifi¬ 
able  trouble  and  expense.  In  naming  plants  we  only  undertake 
to  name  species,  or  well-marked  varieties,  and  only  six  on  any 
one  occasion.  Florists’  flowers  we  do  not  name. 
RX'ST  ON  CHRYSANTHEMIM  LEAVES  (Gardener). 
—Badly  attacked  by  “Eu,st”  (Puccinia  Clirysanthemi). 
The  only  cure  is  to  burn  the  plants.  See  reply  in  “  J.  of  H.,” 
page  478,  November  19. 
GROWING  MUSHROOMS  IN  BOXES  (Omega).- -Yes,  Mush¬ 
rooms  can  be  grown  in  boxes  without  bottom  heat  in  a  gla.ss 
house  the  temperature  of  which  Avill  not  be  allowed  to  fall  below 
40deg.  The  boxes  may  be  3ft  in  length,  loin  v  ide,  and  the  same 
in  depth.  Mushrooms  may  also  be  grown  in  large  pots,  using 
chiefly  hor.se  droppings  and  dried  cowdung,  idacing  in  a  green- 
iiouse  or  a  deep  cellar  where  frost  does  not  come. 
ANGLE  OF  ELEVATION  FOR  VINERY  (Idem).— The  best 
general  angle  of  elevation  is  40deg,  especially  in  structures  where 
little  fire  heat  is  employed,  as  it  is  important  that  the  heat  should 
be  distributed  as  equally  as  possible  throughout  the  whole  of  he 
interior  of  the  house,  for  the  sap  naturally  to  flow  jn  greatest 
force  to  the  upper  parts  of  plants,  al|..,eirciHnstances  being  the 
■same,  but  it  is  also  attracted  to  where  there  is  the  greatest 
heat,  and  if  this  is  at  the  top  there  is  a  double  tendency  to  that 
part  ;  Avhil.st,  on  the  contrai'y,  the  Imver  portion  suffers  no  undue 
diminution  in  proportion.  Now  the  higher  the  pitch  of  the  roof 
the  greater  the  accumulation  of  heat  at  the  upper  angle,  .'^o  that 
we  may  .say  the  lower  the  pitch  the’  le.s.s-the  difference  betiveen 
the  temperature  of  the  air  at  the  top  and  bottom  of  the  slope. 
Owing  to  this  it  becomes  desirable  to  keep  the  slope  as  Imv  as 
is  consistent  witTi'Lhe  admission  of  a.bunda.nce  of  light.  An  angle 
of  40deg  is  also  suitable  for  a  Peach-  house. 
MOVING  YEW  TREES  (H.  S.). — The  Yew  is  a  very  tractable 
subject,  and  may  be  moimd  with  facility,  only  care  is  taken  to 
retain  a  considerable  amount  of  ball,  and  con.sequently  young 
roots  in  lifting,  these  being  produced  freely  from  the  collar  or  large 
roots  retained  in  lifting,  the  operation  taking  place  in  the  .spring 
when  the  Yew  is  on  the  point  of  .starting  into  growth,  and  choos¬ 
ing  shoAvery  Aveather  for  the  operation.  We  have  moved  trees  quite 
as  old  as  those  you  mention,  the  heads  being  curtailed  correspond¬ 
ingly  AAuth  the  loss  of  roots,  the  Ycav  breaking  freely  from  the 
old  branches  and  even  bole  Avhen  these  parts  only  are  left.  In 
the  case  of  a  hedge  of  fifty  to  .sixty  years  of  age  there  may  be  con¬ 
siderable  difficulty  in  taking  up,  the  treeis  Avith  sufficient  roots 
and  balls  of  .soil  to  en.sure  success,  as  they  Avill  be  very  hard  to 
separate  in  the  line  or  betAveen  each  tree,  though  Avhat  is  lost 
in  line  may  be  gained  sideAvay.s.  As  j’ou  are  in  the  habit  of 
moving  large  Conifers  Avith  success,  Ave  have  no  doubt  you  Avill 
also  be  able  to  remove  the  Ycav  .succe.s.sfully,  or  at  least  form  a 
definite  conclusion  as  to  its  practicability  or  othei’Avise  from  the 
foregoing  remarks. 
MT’SCAT  OF  ALEXANDRIA  VINES  NOT  RIPENING  THE 
WOOD  (Head  Gardener,  G.  H.). — The  AAOod  of  the  lateral  is 
(piite  green,  large  in  pith,  and  .someAvhat  long-jointed,  and  also 
not  strong.  It  usually  arises  from  the  conditions  of  soil  and  of 
atmosphere  being  such  as  to  favour  .sappiness  of  groAvth,  the 
border  being  of  a  rich  nature  and  not  containing  sufficient  open¬ 
ing,  or  mineral  sub.stances,  .such  a.s  calcareous  and  siliceous 
matter,  especially  the  latter.  It  sometimes  results  from  too 
loAV  a  temperature  and  a  deficient  amount  of  space  anti  ventila¬ 
tion.  This,  probably,  i,s  applicable  to  your  case.  Indeed,  Ave 
should  .say  that  the  soil  has  been  kept  too  Avet.  tiie  atmosphere 
too  clo.se.  and  the  temperature  too  Ioav.  Under  the  circumstances 
Ave  should  keep  the  border  a.s  diw  as  consistent  Avitli  the  health 
of  the  foliage,  and  a  temperature  of  (iOdeg  to  (iodeg  at  night,  Avitli 
lUdeg  to  Iodeg  or  more  advance  from  .sun  heat,  admitting  air 
freely,  even  .some  by  night.  But  the  season  is  so  far  advanced 
that  little  can  be  effected.  If  you  give  the  border  a  dre.'^sing  of 
the  folloAving  mixture,  it  Avould  probably  assist  the  Vines  in  the 
coining  year.  Dissolved  bones  di-j'  and  crumbling.  3  parts;  sul¬ 
phate  of  potash,  2  parts ;  sulphate  of  magnesia.  I  part  :  sulphate  of 
iron,  }  part;  mixed;  applying  4oz  of  the  mixture  per  square 
yard,  and  pointing  in  very  lightly,  not  interfering  a-  ith  the  roots. 
Keep  drier  at  the  roots  another  sea.son.  afford  every  lateral  or 
bearing  shoot  plenty  of  space  for  development  and  full  exposure 
of  its  foliage  to  light,  ventilating  freely  and  securing  a  good 
heat,  even  in  the  early  stage.s  of  groAVth. 
FLORIST  AND  POMOLOGIST  (Mrs.  W.  B.).  -Thiv  is  long 
since  defunct. 
JUMPING  BEANS  (S.  Fielding).— Wo  will  reply  by  letter  in 
a  da,v  or  tivo.  MeaiiAvliile,  many  thanks  for  tlie  short  article. 
THE  BANKSIAN  ROSE  FLOWERING  (Rev.  W.  H.  J.).— 
In  a  topsy-turvy  sea.son,  Avhat  conclusion  can  one  come  to?  Uer- 
tainly  it  is  late,  but  Homere  avc  have  had  floAvering  at  Christmas. 
You  are  fortunate  to  get  it  to  floAver  at  all. 
SLIDES  FOR  LANTERNS  (X.  Y.). — We  do  not  know  of  any¬ 
one  AA'ho  systematically  lends  out  lantern  slides.  You  can  get  them 
made  at  various  places.  If  you  care  to  communicate  Avith  Mr. 
John  Gregory  of  (52,  C'aiiterbury  Road,  Croydon,  you  Avill  receiA'o 
fuller  information  on  this  subject  than  Ave  can  furnish. 
VINE  ROOTS  DEC'AYED  (Gardener).  — -  We  will  examine 
them  and  report  more  fully..  The  border  and  the  roots,  hoAveAmr, 
have  evidently  been  grossly  neglected.  Follow  hints  given  by 
“  St.  Albans”  under  “  Work  for  the  Week.”  Our  correspondent 
I'epeatedly.  and  at  length,  urges  imspection  of  I'oots  and  borders, 
and  describes  remedies. 
NAMES  OF  FRUITS. — Correspondents  whose  queries  are  un¬ 
answered  in  the  'present  issue  are  respectfully  requested  to  consult  the 
following  number.  (F.  F.).— 1,  King  of  the  Pippins;  2,  Allington 
Pippin;  3,  Cox’s  Orange  Pippin  ;  4,  Wellington. 
NAMES  OF  PLANTS.  —  Correspondents  whose  queries  are 
unanswered  in  the  vresent  isszte  are  respectfully  requested  to  constdt 
he  following  number.  (R.  A.  Clark).— Your  specimens  had  been 
overlooked  ;  they  Avill  be  named  in  next  issue.  (J.  T.). — Schizostylie 
coccinea.  (N.  0.). —  1,  Adiantum  trapeziforme  ;  2,  A.  concinnum  ;  3, 
A.  macrophyllum  ;  4,  A.  Lindeni.  (J.  B.,  Berks). — 1,  Ilex  Aquifolimn 
angustifolia ;  2,  I.  ferox  argentea  ;  3,  I.  flavescens;  4,  latifolia;  5, 
I.  laurifolia ;  0,  I.  ferox  aurea.  (N.  N).-j-1,  Fuchs'a  triphylla ;  2, 
Cytisus  filipes. 
Ttie  Bee-keeper 
The  “Hexagonal”  SteAwarton  Hive. 
I  am  pleased  to  learn  that  my  articles  have  been  taken  advantage 
of  beneficially  by  “Hexagonal,”  and  Avith  regard  to  the  merits  and 
demerits  of  the  SteAvarton  hive,  I  Avill  endeavour  to  embrace  all  the 
points  upon  Avhich  he  seeks  information,  and  those  Avhic-h  influenced 
my  selection  of  the  modern  “W.B.C.”for  general  utility  in  my  OAvn 
apiary. — E.  1). 
Queries. — “  Will  you  kindly  inform  me  through  your  columms 
Avhich  is  the  largest,  the  AAasp  or  the  hornet;  also  if  a  Queen 
AAa.sp  or  bee  have  stings?” — X.  Y.  Z. 
- - 
Trade  Catalogues  Received. 
James  Yeitch  and  Sons,  Limited,  Chelsea. — fl)  I'egetahle  and  Flower 
Seeds,  1904  :  (2)  New  Chrysanthemums;  (3)  Border  Carnations 
and  Picotees. 
Sutton  and  Sons,  Reading. — Seeds. 
“  Something  Wrong  in  the  State  of  Denmark.” 
Such  was  the  quotation  (only  that  Ave  have  substituted 
“  wrong  ”  for  “  rotten  ”)  we  found  in  a  letter  from  a  farmer 
friend  the  other  day,  a  man  Avho  farms,  and  farms  successfully, 
a  wee  bit  of  the  best  laud  that  lies  out  of  doors :  a  farm  that  has 
in  years  past  been  almost  equal  to  a  little  gold  mine.  It  has 
been  in  the  hands  of  one  family  for  nearly  a  century,  and  they 
have  put  good  work  and  good  money  into  it.  And  noAV  this  man 
writes  a  sad  tale  of  woe.  He  has  been  hit  hard;  not  knocked 
out  of  home  altogether,  for  we  don't  think  that  Avould  be  done ; 
but  he  pauses  and  Avouders  how  he  is  going  to  balance  accounts 
this  year  of  grace,  1903. 
He  Avrites  that  the  first  step  toAvards  anything  better  for  the 
agriculturists  of  England  is  a  thorough  revision  of  the  land  laAvs. 
TTiere  must  be  a  better  and  easier  method  found  of  selling  and 
buying  land.  There  is  no  question  as  to  this.  A  man  Avho  can 
afford  to  purchase  a  large  estate  is  in  a  position  to  care  very 
little  for  any  conveyancing  fees.  It  is  the  poor,  struggling  man 
