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Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen
(Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae) from Vietnam,
with description of ten new species

Khuat Dang Long', Cornelis van Achterberg*

| Institute of Ecology & Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet
Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam 2 Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus
9517, 2300 RA Leiden, ‘The Netherlands

Corresponding author: Khuat Dang Long (khuatdanglong@iebr.ac.vn)

Academic editor: G. Broad | Received 13 January 2015 | Accepted 16 April 2015 | Published 28 May 2015
http://zoobank.org/A983E25 1-B311-4COB-BC84-29D7152D8034

Citation: Long KD, Achterberg C van (2015) Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen (Hymenoptera,
Braconidae, Rogadinae) from Vietnam, with description of ten new species. ZooKeys 506: 27-59. doi: 10.3897/
zookeys.506.9247

Abstract

The Vietnamese species of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen, 1996 (Hymenoptera: Bra-
conidae: Rogadinae) are revised. Ten species are new to science, viz., Canalirogas affinis sp. n., C. cuc-
phuongensis sp. n., C. curvinervis sp. n., C. eurycerus sp. n., C. hoabinhicus sp. n., C. intermedius sp. n.,
C. parallelus sp. n., C. robberti sp. n., C. vittatus sp. n. and C. vuquangensis sp. n. One species is new for
the Vietnamese fauna: Canalirogas spilonotus (Cameron, 1905) and C. balgooyi van Achterberg & Chen,
1996, is synonymized with it (syn. n.); a lectotype is designated for Troporhogas spilonotus. A key to the

Vietnamese species of the genus is also provided.

Keywords

Braconidae, Rogadinae, Canalirogas, new species, new synonym, key, Vietnam

Copyright K.D. Long, C. van Achterberg. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

28 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

Introduction

Little is known about most subfamilies of Braconidae from Vietnam, and the subfam-
ily Rogadinae is no exception. For 15 years specialists of the Institute of Ecology &
Biological Resources (IEBR) at Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology (VAST)
and RMNH have been collecting Braconidae from all over Vietnam to get a first un-
derstanding of the Vietnamese fauna of Braconidae, partly in collaboration with Dr
S.A. Belokobylskij (St. Petersburg, Russia). In this paper, the newly discovered species
of the Indo-Australian genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen, 1996 (Rogadinae)
from Vietnam are described. It is a rather small genus comprising eleven known spe-
cies (Yu et al. 2012), with 7roporhogas spilonotus Cameron, 1905, from Sri Lanka to
be added (Quicke and Shaw 2005). The Vietnamese species were mainly collected
using sweep nets and Malaise traps. Specimens of Canalirogas mainly occur in more or
less open habitats, viz., secondary forest and gardens, as indicated by the pale colour
pattern of the body. As far as known, all species of Rogadinae are endoparasitoids of
lepidopteran larvae and the larvae are mummified. The checklist and distribution of
twenty Canalirogas species from the Oriental and Australian regions are given and a
key to all known Vietnamese species is provided.

Material and methods

Most of the examined specimens (including the types) are deposited in the collections
of IEBR and VNMN (Ha Noi, Vietnam) and RMNH (Leiden, The Netherlands). The
lectotype of C. spilonotus (Cameron) is housed in BMNH (London, UK). The follow-
ing abbreviations are used: Od = diameter of posterior ocellus; OOL = oculacellar line;
POL = postocellar line; MT: Malaise trap; “Rog. + number’: code number indexing for
specimens of the Rogadinae in the collection; N: North; S: South, NC: North Central,
NE: Northeast, NW: Northwest; NP: National Park; IEBR = Institute of Ecology &
Biological Resources (Ha Noi, Vietnam), BMNH = Natural History Museum (Lon-
don, UK), RMNH = Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Leiden, The Netherlands) and
VNMN = Vietnam National Museum of Nature (Ha Noi, Vietnam).

For identification of the subfamily, see van Achterberg (1990, 1993, 1997); for
the subdivision of the subfamily, see van Achterberg (1991). For separating Canaliro-
gas from both similar genera Macrostomion Szépligeti and Colastomion Baker and for
a key to the genera see Chen and He (1997). For the terminology used in this paper,
see van Achterberg (1988). Drawings were made under an Olympus SZ40 binocular
microscope by the first author. Photographs with scale lines were made with a Canon”
G10 camera attached to a Zeiss® 426126 binocular microscope or with a Canon® G15
camera attached to an Olympus” SZ61 binocular microscope by the first author. Those
without scale lines were taken with an Olympus SZX12 motorized stereomicroscope
with AnalySIS Extended Focal Imaging Software by the second author. Measurements
were taken as indicated by van Achterberg (1988).

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... 29

Systematics

Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen, 1996
Figs 1-78

Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen, 1996: 63-64. Type-species (by original designa-
tion): Canalirogas balgooyi van Achterberg & Chen, 1996 (examined; = C. spilonotus
(Cameron, 1905), syn. n.).

Diagnosis. Canalirogas can be separated from related genera by the combination of
(1) hypopygium of female distinctly convex ventrally and strongly enlarged (Figs 15,
21, 30, 35, 41, 47, 56, 64, 69, 78); (2) ovipositor distinctly curved downwards (Figs
30, 41, 64, 78); (3) ovipositor sheath widened (Figs 15, 25, 30, 47, 56, 64, 78); (4)
second metasomal tergite without distinct medio-basal area (Figs 3-4, 6-11, 18, 37,
54, 62, 76); (5) anterior half of fourth-fifth tergites usually (partly) obliquely striate;
(6) tarsal claws simple. ‘The vertex is smooth, the prepectal carina complete, the tarsal
claws simple, the hind tibia with apical comb on inner side and the dorsope is present.
Biology. Parasitoids of Lymantriidae on clove trees (Quicke and Shaw 2005).

Checklist and distribution

Canalirogas acutus van Achterberg, 1996, from Indonesia, Malaysia

Canalirogas agilis van Achterberg, 1996, from Indonesia

Canalirogas affinis sp. n., from Vietnam

Canalirogas cucphuongensis sp. n., from Vietnam

Canalirogas curvinervis sp. n., from Vietnam

Canalirogas eurycerus sp. n., from Vietnam

Canalirogas fuscipalpis van Achterberg, 1996, from Indonesia

Canalirogas heijningeni van Achterberg, 1996, from Indonesia

Canalirogas hoabinhicus sp. n., from Vietnam

Canalirogas infuscatus van Achterberg, 1996, from Malaysia

Canalirogas intermedius sp. n., from Vietnam

Canalirogas kahonoi van Achterberg, 1996, from Indonesia, Malaysia

Canalirogas maculatus van Achterberg, 1996, from Indonesia

Canalirogas nigratus van Achterberg, 1996, from Indonesia

Canalirogas parallelus sp. n., from Vietnam

Canalirogas robberti sp. n., from Vietnam

Canalirogas spilonotus (Cameron, 1905), from Sri Lanka and including C. balgooyi
van Achterberg & Chen, 1996, from Burma, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia,
Nepal, Vietnam. Syn. n.

Canalirogas tuberculatus van Achterberg, 1996, from Indonesia

Canalirogas vittatus sp. n., from Vietnam

Canalirogas vuquangensis sp. n. from Vietnam

Canalirogas yvonnae van Achterberg, 1996, from Indonesia, Malaysia

30

Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

Key to Vietnamese species of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen

1

Second metasomal tergite about twice as long as third tergite medially (Figs
11, 18); mesosternum behind prepectal (= epicnemial) carina; mesopleuron
medially dark brown or reddish brown (Fig. 17)....C. cucphuongensis sp. n.
Second tergite 1.5—1.8 times longer than third tergite medially (Figs 3, 4,
6-10, 62, 76); mesosternum (except more or less anteriorly) and mesopleu-
ron medially yellowish-brown, pale yellow or ivory (Figs 2, 13, 23, 28, 33,
GS ACS sd Vl 10870) 6) ee ena ges eae Ra tere a 2
Hind tarsus mainly dark brown; first metasomal tergite hardly longer than
wide apically and distinctly widened apically (Fig. 7); hypopygium of female
largely dark brown ventrally (Fig. 69) oo... eeecseeeeeeeeees C. vittatus sp. n.
Hind tarsus mainly yellowish-brown (usually except dark brown or brown
telotarsus); first tergite 1.2—2.1 times longer than wide apically and usually
slightly widened or parallel-sided (Figs 3, 4, 6, 8-10, 62, 76); hypopygium
of female at least partly pale yellowish ventrally (Figs 30, 41, 56, 64), but
brownish in C. parallelus and C. vuquangensis (Figs 47, 78) .o..scsceseseseeseees 3
Basal third of vein SR of hind wing sclerotised and distinctly curved (Fig. 26);
hypopygium of female less convex baso-ventrally (Fig. 25); clypeus flattened;
ovipositor nearly straight (Fig. 25); second metasomal tergite mainly blackish
(ole 6 3d 20) Ra's 0 DLMRe Ne ie Ati Abe re eat Ome oie C. curvinervis sp. n.
Basal third of vein SR of hind wing only pigmented and slightly curved (Figs
37, 43, 48, 49); hypopygium of female distinctly convex baso-ventrally (Figs
30, 35, 56); clypeus convex or concave (Figs 12, 50, 58, 72); ovipositor dis-
tinctly curved (Figs 35, 56, 69, 78); second metasomal tergite partly yellow-
ish-browntor, pale yellowishy fan 22 eee aBe vA ede etl Sea e ee ean a A
First metasomal tergite gradually widened subapically, first tergite 1.2—1.3
times longer than its apical width (Figs 6, 10); outer side of hind femur pale
yellowish, at most partly infuscate; hypopygium yellow or ivory ventrally
(Fics 30),ovipositor rather-slendeni(Bigss30; 39)". csc. <tusievas exc sbossoaas eabeoneoaeas 5
First tergite subparallel-sided, first tergite 1.4-1.9 times as long as apical
width (Figs 4, 8, 9, 54), if apically somewhat widened, outer side of hind
femur usually partly distinctly infuscate, dark yellowish brown or dark brown
(Figs 55, 63, 77); ovipositor less slender (Figs 56, 69, 78).......:ssseseeseeseeeees 6
Ocelli smaller (Fig. 34), diameter of posterior ocellus of female 1.2—1.3 times
POL; second segment of maxillary palp widened medially; hind femur about
6 times as long as wide, its outer side without infuscation; vertex partly (Fig.
34) and mesoscutum pale brown; propodeum brown laterally (Fig. 33); vein
Fol Tore wine slender (Pigs SO)eteen.ctuedetecein tes once ts. C. hoabinhicus sp. n.
Ocelli larger (Fig. 29), diameter of posterior ocellus of female about 2.3 times
POL; second segment of maxillary palp normal medially; hind femur about
5 times as long as wide, its outer side partly infuscate; vertex (Fig. 29) and
mesoscutum pale yellowish; propodeum dark brown laterally (Fig. 28); vein
P.OUTOrS Wie WAdeN Ed: (FREI) eure woruendeveei senses gavectoncen C. eurycerus sp. n.

10

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... oa

Apex of third tergite without medio-apical divergent striation (Fig. 9); mesopleu-
ron behind prepectal carina mainly brownish-yellow, without dark brown patch
(Fig. 13); hypopygium mainly ivory or somewhat pale yellow.... C. affinis sp. n.
Apex of third tergite with more or less medio-apical divergent striation (Figs
4, 6-8, 10, 62); mesopleuron behind prepectal carina brownish yellow or dark
brown (Figs 28, 51, 59, 66, 73), if not, hypopygium dark brown basally (Fig.
41) or first-second metasomal tergites mainly dark brown (Figs 54, 76) ....... 7
Propodeum entirely dark brown or black, without pale area medially; outer
side of hind femur and of hind coxa yellow; side of pronotum dark brown
orsallye (Higa: 45). cess eansse ees aeeadenterecvacautevey neved C. parallelus sp. n.
Propodeum with yellowish longitudinal area medially (Figs 52, 74) and re-
mainder brown or dark brown; outer side of hind femur more or less dark
brown subapically; colour of hind coxa variable; side of pronotum ivory or
palewmellow dorsallive( Figs... 1959/3) iascastecs atoadbnrcaetons talon sedans ttndaeaitenbattod: 8
Clypeus shallowly concave medially; ventral rim differentiated and slightly
protruding (Fig. 51); [first metasomal tergite 1.7—1.9 times as long as wide
apically and parallel-sided apically (Fig. 54)] occ eee C. robberti sp. n.
Clypeus flat medially or slightly convex; ventral rim absent (Figs 59, 73)....9
Third and fourth metasomal tergites with sub-transverse elements posteriorly
(Fig. 8); apical width of first tergite 1.7—1.8 times its minimum subbasal
width (Fig. 8); diameter of posterior ocellus about 1.4 times OOL; occipital
carina-even ly Concave (hig AO). ecco eevee tecteee ress Rees C. intermedius sp. n.
Third and fourth tergites without sub-transverse elements posteriorly and only
obliquely striate (Figs 62, 76); apical width of first tergite 1.5—1.6 times its
minimum subbasal width (Figs 62, 76); diameter of posterior ocellus usually
2-3 times OOL (Figs 61, 75); occipital carina deeply concave (Fig. 75) .... 10
Area in front of prepectal carina pale yellow (Fig. 59); face yellow sublater-
ally (Fig. 58); ovipositor sheath mainly yellowish brown and only apically
darkened (Fig. 64); temple narrow, eye in lateral view about 6 times as wide
Spins) ac 8) obi gist 3: ea venmee ae eee fen vem Rn) We C. spilonotus (Cameron, 1905)
Area in front of prepectal carina dark brown (Fig. 73); head brown sublater-
ally (Fig. 72); ovipositor sheath mainly dark brown (Fig. 78); temple some-
what wider, eye in lateral view about 4.4 times as wide as temple (Fig. 73)...
OP AOR eR no ea ois Rat foi Ae eR re nr C. vuquangensis sp. n.

Descriptions

Canalirogas affinis sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/ DCOF992 1-0428-47A3-9 DCA-75 EFGAF7E505
Figs 9, 12-16

Material. Holotype, female (VNMN), ‘Rog.639’, “[NE Vietnam:] Phu Tho, Tan Son,
Kiet Son, orchard, 21°10'N, 104°57E', 110 m, MT, 11-15.v.2009, KD Long, NH

32 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg | ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

Thao”. Paratypes (13 females; VNMN, RMNH): 1 female, “Rog.632’, id. but 6-10.
vii.2009; 1 female, ‘Rog.636’, id. but 6—10.v.2009; 1 female, “Rog.637’, id. but 16-20.
vi.2009; 1 female, “Rog.638’, id. but 20—26.vii.2009; 1 female, “Rog.640’, id. but
6—10.vi.2009; 1 female, “Rog.641’, id. but 26—30.vii.2009; 1 female, but “Rog.643’,
id. 26—31.vii.2009; 1 female, “Rog.647’, id. but 1-5.vii.2009; 1 female, “Rog.648’, id.
but 15—31.viii.2009; 1 female, “Rog.772’, “[NE Vietnam:] Phu Tho, Tan Son, Xuan
Dai, 21°07'N, 105°00'E, 120 m, MT 11-15.iv.2009, KD Long; 1 female, “Rog.471’,
“[NE Vietnam:] Vinh Phuc, Me Linh, Ngoc Thanh, forest, 21°23'N, 105°43'E, 280 m,
MT, 1-13.viii.2000, KD Long”; 1 female, ‘Rog.663’, id. but MT 23.v.-7.vi.2001, KD
Long; 1 female, “Rog.644’, id. but MT, 4-15.v.2001, KD Long.

Description. Holotype, female, body length 7.7 mm, fore wing length 5.7 mm.

Head. Antenna incomplete, with 45 segments remaining; middle segments 3.2
times longer than wide (8:2.5); third antennal segment 1.25 times fourth (10:8); width
of face 0.8 times length of face and clypeus combined (18:22); malar space 0.7 times as
long as mandible width (5:7); mandible width 0.7 times as long as hypoclypeal depres-
sion (7:10); malar suture present; distance between tentorial pits 3.3 times distance
between pits and eyes (10:3) (Fig. 12); in dorsal view height of eye 5.0 times as long as
temple (20:4); in lateral view width of eye 4.5 times longer than temple (18:4); ocelli
large, POL:Od:OOL = 1:2:1; distance between front and hind ocelli as long as OOL
(Fig. 14); face sparsely rugose; frons, vertex and temple smooth.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.4 times longer than high (81:58); pronotal side
smooth dorsally, crenulate medially, finely granulate ventrally; mesoscutum smooth;
notauli rather shallow, flat posteriorly and smooth; precoxal sulcus short, nearly
smooth; mesopleuron and metapleuron smooth (Fig. 13); scutellar sulcus 0.8 times
as long as scutellum (7:9); scutellum smooth; propodeum rugose-punctate laterally,
median areola with median transverse carinae.

Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma 5.2 times longer than wide (52:10); r:2-SR:3-
SR:SR1=12:9:32:38; vein r arising little before middle of pterostigma; vein cu-a short
and robust (Fig. 16), 1-CU1:cu-a:2-CU1:3-CU1=3:7:31:6; posterior length of second
submarginal cell 2.7 times its apical width (40:15). Hind wing: vein M+CU:1-M: 1r-
m=32-s0eld)

Legs. Hind coxa shining with sparse fine punctures; length of hind
femur:tibia:basitarsus: tarsus = 32:43:22:50; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus
5.3, 9.5 and 11.0 times as long as their width respectively; inner hind tibial spur 0.25
times as long as basitarsus (11:44).

Metasoma. First tergite 1.45 times as long as apical width (43:32) (Fig. 9); first-
third tergites with parallel striation; fourth tergite with divergent striation; medial
length of second tergite 1.5 times than third (33:22); second suture crenulate; oviposi-
tor sheath truncate apically, 0.5 times as long as hind basitarsus (22:44); ovipositor
stout (Fig. 15).

Colour. Pale yellow; antenna yellow; palpi whitish yellow; stemmaticum black;
pronotum, mesopleuron, metapleuron pale yellow; hind coxa blackish dorsally and
ventrally, yellow basally and ventrally; propodeum laterally, metasomal tergites 1-5

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... 33

basally and tergite 6 entirely, black; wing subhyaline with brownish yellow veins, setae
pale yellow; pterostigma dark brown medially, yellow basally and apically (Fig. 16).

Male. Unknown.

Variation. Paratypes, antenna with 44—52 segments; first tergite 1.35—1.45 times
as long as apical width; medial length of metasomal second tergite 1.5—1.6 times as
long as third tergite medially; body length 5.6-8.0 mm; fore wing length 4.6-5.9 mm.

Etymology. Named ‘affinis’ (Latin for ‘related to’), because this species is close to
C. spilonotus (Cameron).

Canalirogas cucphuongensis sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/C57127C0-6DF6-44CB-8 167-54125B7E4EB0
Figs 11, 17—21

Material. Holotype, female (VNMN), “Rog.202’, “[NW Vietnam:] Hoa Binh, Yen
Thuy, secondary forest close to Cuc Phuong NP, 20°28'N, 105°34'E, 315 m, M[alaise]
T[rap], 10-—20.vi.2002, KD Long”.

Description. Holotype, female, body length 5.7 mm, fore wing length 4.0 mm,
antenna 6.7 mm, ovipositor sheath 0.4 mm.

Head. Antenna with 47 segments, 1.2 times longer than body; third antennal seg-
ment 1.14 times fourth one (8:7); middle segments 3.0 times as long as wide (6:2),
penultimate antennal segment 0.6 times apical segment; apical segment with spine;
width of face 0.9 times length of face and clypeus combined (15:16); malar space 0.8
times as long as mandible width (4:5), mandible width 0.6 times as long as hypocl-
ypeal depression (5:9); malar suture present; distance between tentorial pits 2.3 times
distance between pits and eyes (7:3; Fig. 19); in dorsal view height of eye 3.5 times as
long as temple (14:4); in lateral view width of eye 2.4 times as long as temple (12:5);
ocelli in high triangle, POL:O0d:OOL = 4:6:5, distance between front and hind ocelli
as long as OOL (Fig. 20); face rugose laterally, smooth medially; frons, vertex and
temple smooth.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.4 times as long as high (57:41); pronotal trough
smooth dorsally, crenulate medially, finely granulate ventrally; precoxal sulcus short,
narrow and crenulate (Fig. 17); mesopleuron and metapleuron shiny and smooth; no-
tauli deep and crenulate, united posteriorly in a deep groove; mesoscutum with sparse
fine punctures; scutellum almost smooth; scutellar sulcus 0.9 times as long as scutel-
lum (10:11); propodeum punctate basally, rugose apically, medial areola crenulate.

Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma 4.4 times as long as wide (35:8); r:2-SR:3-SR:SR1
= 7:9:21:36; vein r before middle of pterostigma; vein cu-a short and vertical, vein
1-CU1 quadrate; posterior length of second submarginal cell 3.3 times its apical width
(30:9). Hind wing: vein M+CU:1-M:11-m = 22:18:10.

Legs. Hind coxa smooth; length of hind femur:tibia:basitarsus:tarsus = 51:63:34:85;
length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 5.7, 10.5 and 11.3 times their width, respec-
tively; inner hind tibial spur 0.2 times as long as basitarsus (7:34).

34 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

Metasoma. First tergite 1.5 times longer than apical width (32:21) (Figs 11, 18);
second suture more or less crenulate; medial length of metasomal second tergite 2.2
times as long as third tergite medially (29:13); second-third tergites with compara-
tively less divergent striation (Fig. 18); fourth-fifth tergites with curved striation; sixth
tergite granulate; ovipositor sheath 0.8 times as long as hind basitarsus (28:34); ovi-
positor slightly curved (Fig. 21).

Colour. Brown; head and antenna yellow; palpi yellow; stemmaticum brown; fore
and middle legs yellow; hind coxa, hind femur subapically and hind telotarsus brown-
ish; metasoma ventrally yellow; wings subhyaline, with veins brownish, but parastigma
yellow; mesosternum dark brown and mesopleuron dark or reddish brown (Fig. 17).

Male. Unknown.

Etymology. Named after the famous national park near its type locality: Cuc
Phuong National Park.

Canalirogas curvinervis sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/B4C39 1 B4-C285-4107-BD3D-BBDB62661254
Figs 2, 3, 22-26

Material. Holotype, female (RMNH) “[C Vietnam:] Thua Thien-Hue, Phong Dien
N.R., 15 km W. Phong My, 80-210 m, 23.iii.-6.iv.2001, Mal. trap, C. v. Achterberg
& R. de Vries, RMNH’01”. Paratypes (5 females): 1 female (IEBR), “[NE Vietnam:]
Viet Tri, nr Thanh Son, Thuong Cuu, 20°59'N, 105°8'E , 350-400 m, 11-16.x.1999,
Mal. trap, R. de Vries, RMNH’99”; 1 female (RMNH), ‘Rog.662’, “[NE Vietnam:]
Vinh Phuc, Tam Dao NP, 200 m, MT, 23.v.-7.vi.2001, KD Long”; 1 female (RMNH),
“[NC Vietnam:] Ha Tinh, Vu Quang NP, 94 m, 18°17'43"N, 105°25'49"E, 5.iii.—15.
iv.2011, Mal. trap 13, C. v. Achterberg, RMNH’11”; 1 female (VNMN), ‘Rog.690’,
“[NC Vietnam:] Ha Tinh, Vu Quang NP, 6.x.2009, KD Long”; 1 female (RMNH),
“[S Vietnam:] Déng Nai, Cat Tién N.P, Bird trail, Mal. trap[s] 9-12, c. 100 m,
1-9.x.2005, C. v. Achterberg & R. de Vries, RMNH’05”.

Description. Holotype, female, body length 7.2 mm, fore wing length 5.3 mm.

Head. Antenna with 28 segments remaining; third antennal segment 1.1 times
fourth one (10:9); middle segments 2.3 times its width (7:3); width of face 0.9 times
length of face and clypeus combined (19:21); malar space as long as mandible width;
mandible width 0.6 times as long as hypoclypeal depression (6:10); malar suture pre-
sent; distance between tentorial pits 5.0 times distance between pits and eyes (10:2;
Fig. 22); in dorsal view height of eye 5.8 times as long as temple (23:4); in lateral view
width of eye 3.2 times as long as temple (19:6); ocelli in high triangle, POL:Od:OOL
= 3:6:4; distance between front and hind ocelli:OOL = 3:4 (Fig. 24); face rugose;
frons, vertex and temple smooth.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.5 times as long as high (90:60); pronotal side
smooth dorsally, crenulate anteriorly, finely granulate ventrally; precoxal sulcus long,
deep and crenulate (Fig. 23); mesopleuron smooth; mesoscutum smooth; notauli deep
and crenulate; propodeum mainly rugose and without distinct medial areola.

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... 35

Z

Figures |-2. Canalirogas vuquangensis sp. n. (I holotype, female) and C. curvinervis sp. n. (2 paratype,
female), habitus lateral.

Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma 4.8 times as long as wide; 1:2-SR:3-
SR:SR1=10:18:28:50; vein r arising submedially from pterostigma (Fig. 28); vein
1-CU1 quadrate; vein cu-a perpendicular; posterior length of second submarginal cell

36 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

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pe

Figures 3-11. Canalirogas spp.: basal metasomal segments dorsal, but 5 propodeum dorsal. 3 C. curvin-
ervis sp. n. 4, 5 C. parallelus sp. n. 6 C. hoabinhicus sp. n. 7 C. vittatus sp. n. 8 C. intermedius sp. n. 9 C.
affinis sp. n. 10 C. eurycerus VC. cucphuongensis sp. n.

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... 37

Figures 12-16. Canalirogas affinis sp. n., female, holotype. 12 head anterior 13 mesosoma lateral
14 head dorsal 15 hypopygium lateral 16 apical part of fore wing.

Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

is

“Aor yy
Au Lua Vd ai
\ ~» \y .\ y ‘

Figures 17-21. Canalirogas cucphuongensis sp. n., female, holotype. 17 mesosoma lateral 18 first-fourth
tergites dorsal 19 head anterior 20 head dorsal 21 hypopygium lateral.

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen...

Figures 22-26. Canalirogas curvinervis sp. n., female, holotype. 22 head anterior 23 mesosoma lateral
24 head dorsal 25 hypopygium lateral 26 hind wing.

40 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

3.2 times its width (38:12). Hind wing: vein M+CU as long as vein 1-M and 3.5 times
vein lr-m = 35:10 (Fig. 26).

Legs. Hind coxa smooth; length of hind femur:tibia:basitarsus:tarsus = 71:92:13:43;
length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 5.9, 10.2 and 10.75 times their width, re-
spectively.

Metasoma. First-second tergites with median carinae and parallel striae; first tergite 1.2
times as long as its apical width (Fig. 3); medial length of second tergite 1.6 times third
(42:27); third-fifth tergites basally with divergent striation, granulate medio-apically; sixth
tergite mainly granulate; ovipositor sheath pointed apically (0.5 mm), 0.4 times as long
as hind basitarsus (20:46); ovipositor slender, nearly straight, enlarged basally (Fig. 25).

Colour. Yellow; antenna yellowish, but darkened basally; palpi pale yellow; stem-
maticum black; pronotum dorsally, notauli and mesonotum laterally, side of scutel-
lum and axilla, propodeum medially blackish-brown or black; first-sixth tergites black
medially, pale yellow laterally; wings subhyaline.

Male. Unknown

Variation. Antenna with 45(1) and 49(1) segments and 1.4 times as long as body;
first tergite 1.1—1.3 times as long as apical width; medial length of metasomal second
tergite 1.7—1.8 times as long as third tergite medially; body length 5.2-5.9 mm; fore
wing length 4.3—4.5 mm.

Etymology. From ‘curvus’ (Latin for bend), because of the curved vein SR of hind wing.

Canalirogas eurycerus sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/494603D 1-OCE9-45EA-9 DE1-968E8821E318
Figs 10, 27-31

Material. Holotype, female (VNMN), ‘Rog.469’, “[C Vietnam:] Thua Thien-
Hue, Nam Dong, MT, 2-6.v.2005, NQ Truong”. Paratypes (2 females): 1 female
(VNMN), ‘Rog.076’, “[C Vietnam:] Ha Tinh, Huong Son 18°22'N, 105°13'E, 200
m, 15.v.1998, MT, AMNH, K Long”; 1 female (RMNH), ‘Rog.642’, “[NE Vietnam:]
Phu Tho, Tan Son, 21°14'N, 104°57'E, 140 m, MT, 16—20.vii.2009, NH Thao”.
Description. Holotype, female, body length 5.4 mm, fore wing length 3.9 mm.
Head. Antenna incomplete, with 37 segments remaining; third antennal segment
as long as fourth; middle segments 2.8 times its width; width of face 0.8 times length
of face and clypeus combined (13:16); malar space 0.8 times as long as mandible
width (4:8); mandible width 0.7 times as long as hypoclypeal depression (5:7); malar
suture present; distance between tentorial pits 3.5 times distance between pits and eyes
(7:2; Fig. 27); in dorsal view height of eye 5.3 times as long as temple (16:3); temple
narrow, in lateral view width of eye 4.7 times as long as temple (14:3); ocelli large,
POL:Od:OOL=3:7:4 (Fig. 29); distance between front and hind ocelli:OOL = 3:4;
face mostly smooth with sparse fine punctures; frons, vertex and temple smooth.
Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.2 times as long as high (47:38); pronotal trough
mainly smooth, sparsely crenulate anteriorly; precoxal sulcus short, deep and smooth;

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... 4]

a , ar ee ee

Figures 27-31. Canalirogas eurycerus sp. n., female, holotype. 27 head anterior 28 mesosoma lateral
29 head dorsal 30 hypopygium lateral 31 apical part of fore wing.

mesopleuron and metapleuron smooth (Fig. 28); mesoscutum and scutellum smooth;
notauli short, crenulate anteriorly, flat and smooth posteriorly; propodeum rugose
laterally with medial areola crenulate.

42 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma 4.4 times as long as wide; r:2-SR:3-SR:SR1 =
8:11:22:31; vein r arising before middle of pterostigma (Fig. 31); 1-CU 1:cu-a:2-CU1:3-
CUI = 2:4:21:4; posterior length of second submarginal cell 3.0 times its width (30:10).
Hind wing: vein M+CU 1.1 times vein 1-M (24:22) and 3.0 times vein 1r-m (24:8).

Legs. Hind coxa smooth; length of hind femur:tibia:basitarsus:tarsus = 44:55:28:68;
length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 4.9, 9.2 and 14.0 times their width, respec-
tively; inner hind tibial spur 0.2 times as long as basitarsus (3:14).

Metasoma. First-second with median carinae; first tergite 1.2 times as long as apical
width (28:22); medial length of second tergite 1.7 times third (25:15; Fig. 10); second
suture crenulate; third and fourth with basal striation, granulate apically; ovipositor sheath
2.5 times inner hind spur (15:6); ovipositor rather slender, gradually curved (Fig. 30).

Colour. Yellow; antenna yellow, medial and subapical segments with medial pale
band; palpi pale yellow; stemmaticum black; side of scutellum and axilla brown; meta-
soma yellow except first tergite basally and sixth tergite medially brown; propodeum
dark brown but yellow medially; wings subhyaline.

Male. Unknown.

Variation. Antennal segments 44(1); first tergite 1.1—-1.2 times as long as apical
width; medial length of metasomal second tergite 1.6—1.7 times as long as third tergite
medially; body length 4.4-5.6 mm; fore wing length 3.4-4.3 mm.

Etymology. From “‘eurys’, Greek for ‘widespread’.

Canalirogas hoabinhicus sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/2AFF74EC-92C5-48B0-84A 1-D12C17EB2C3F
Figs 6, 32-37

Material. Holotype, female (VNMN), ‘Rog.281’, “[NW Vietnam:] Hoa Binh,
Yen Thuy, secondary forest, 20°23'N, 105°34'E, 315 m, MT, 20—30.viii.2002, KD
Long”. Paratypes (3 females): 1 female (RMNH), ‘Rog.016’, id. but 5.v.2002; 1 fe-
male (VNMN), ‘Rog.692’, “[NW Vietnam:] Hoa Binh, Mai Chau, Tan Son, gar-
den, 20°43'N, 105°59'E, 650 m, MT, 1-5.v.2010, KD Long”; 1 female (VNMN),
‘Rog.694’, id. but 20—25.viii.2010, KD Long.

Description. Holotype, female, body length 6.4 mm, fore wing length 4.5 mm.

Head. Antenna incomplete, with 26 segments remaining; third segment 1.1 times
fourth segment (9:8); middle segments 2.4 times longer than wide (6:2.5); width of
face as long as length of face and clypeus combined; malar space 0.7 times as long as
mandible width (4:6), mandible width 0.75 times as long as hypoclypeal depression
(6:8); malar suture present; distance between tentorial pits 3.4 times distance between
pits and eyes (17:5; Fig. 32); in dorsal view height of eye 3.3 times as long as temple
(13:4); in lateral view width of eye about 3.0 times as long as temple (15:5); ocelli small,
POL:Od:OOL = 4:5:3 (Fig. 34); distance between front and hind ocelli as long as

OOL,; face punctate; face shiny and sparsely punctate; frons, vertex and temple smooth.

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... 43

Figures 32-37. Canalirogas hoabinhicus sp. n., female, holotype. 32 head anterior 33 mesosoma lateral

34 head dorsal 35 hypopygium lateral 36 fore wing 37 hind wing.

44 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.32 times as long as high (33:25); pronotal
trough mainly crenulate medially, finely granulate ventrally; precoxal sulcus narrow,
rather long, crenulate; mesopleuron smooth dorsally, sparsely punctate ventrally (Fig.
33); metapleuron dull; mesoscutum dull because of irregular punctures; scutellar sul-
cus 0.6 times as long as scutellum (6:10); propodeum mainly rugose laterally and
medial areola crenulate.

Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma 4.6 times as long as wide (41:9); r:2-SR:3-SR:SR1
= 8:14:23:37 (Fig. 36); vein r arising submedially from pterostigma; 1-CU1:cu-a:2-
CU1:3-CU1 = 3:6:24:4; posterior length of second submarginal cell 2.8 times its api-
cal width (37:13; Fig. 36). Hind wing: vein M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 31:26:10 (Fig. 37).

Leg. Hind coxa with sparse fine punctures; length of hind
femur:tibia:basitarsus:tarsus = 57:74:35:87; length of hind femur, tibia and basitar-
sus 6.3, 9.3 and 11.7 times their width, respectively; inner hind tibial spur 0.3 times
as long as basitarsus (10:35).

Metasoma. First tergite 1.3 times as long as apical width (35:27); medial length of
second tergite 1.6 times third (31:19) (Fig. 6); second suture crenulate; third metaso-
mal tergites obliquely striate, striation diverging posteriorly; fourth-sixth metasomal
tergites obliquely striate basally, rugose-punctate apically; ovipositor sheath 0.7 times
as long as hind basitarsus (23:35), ovipositor weakly curved and slender (Fig. 35).

Colour. Yellow; antenna and palpi yellow; stemmaticum dark brown; propodeum
brown laterally; all legs yellow, but telotarsi brown; all metasomal tergites yellow, but
first-second tergites basally and sixth tergite brown and hypopygium somewhat infus-
cate (Fig. 35); wings subhyaline.

Male. Unknown.

Variation. Antennal segments 52(1); first tergite 1.3—1.4 times as long as apical
width; medial length of metasomal second tergite 1.5—1.7 times as long as third tergite
medially; body length 6.0—-7.5 mm; fore wing length 4.3—-5.0 mm.

Etymology. Named after its type locality: the province of Hoa Binh.

Canalirogas intermedius sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/945 FE282-E2D7-4127-99E3-40DCA68C221 1
Figs 8, 38-43

Material. Holotype, female (VNMN) ‘Rog.589’, “[C Vietnam:] Thua Thien-Hue,
Bach Ma NP, secondary forest, 300 m, 18.v.2007, KD Long”.

Description. Holotype, female, body length 6.4 mm, fore wing length 4.8 mm,
antenna 7.4 mm.

Head. Antenna with 51 segments, 1.2 times longer than body; third segment
1.3 times fourth segment (10:8); middle segments 3.5 times longer than wide (7:2),
penultimate antennal segment as long as apical segment; apical segment with spine;
width of face 0.9 times length of face and clypeus combined (16:18); malar space
0.5 times as long as mandible width (3:6), mandible width about 0.9 times as long

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... 45

Figures 38-43. Canalirogas intermedius sp. n., female, holotype. 38 head anterior 39 mesosoma lateral

40 head dorsal 41 hypopygium lateral 42 fore wing 43 hind wing.

46 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

as hypoclypeal depression (6:7); malar suture present; distance between tentorial pits
4.0 times distance between pits and eyes (8:2; Fig. 38); in dorsal view height of eye
4.5 times as long as temple (18:4); in lateral view width of eye 4.0 times as long as
temple (16:4) ocelli large, POL:Od:OOL = 3:6:4 (Fig. 40); distance between front
and hind ocelli 0.75 times OOL (3:4); face sparsely and finely punctate; frons, vertex
and temple smooth.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.5 times as long as high (66:45); pronotal
side smooth dorsally and posteriorly, crenulate medio-anteriorly, finely granulate
ventrally; precoxal sulcus narrow and sparsely crenulate; mesopleuron shiny and
smooth; metapleuron smooth with sparse fine punctures (Fig. 39); notauli wide
and crenulate anteriorly, flat and smooth posteriorly; scutellar sulcus 0.9 times
scutellum (6:7); mesoscutum smooth; propodeum rugose laterally, with medial
crenulate areola.

Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma 4.9 times as long as wide (44:9); r:2-SR:3-SR:SR1
= 9:12:25:40; vein r arising before middle of pterostigma (Fig. 42); vein 1-CU1 rather
short, 1-CU1:cu-a:2-CU1:3-CU1 = 2:5.5:27:5; posterior length of second submar-
ginal cell 3.1 times its apical width (Fig. 42). Hind wing: vein M+CU:1-M: Ir-m =
32:23:12 (Fig. 43).

Legs. Hind coxa with sparse fine punctures; length of hind
femur:tibia:basitarsus:tarsus = 57:73:35:85; length of hind femur, tibia and basitar-
sus 6.3, 10.4 and 10.0 times as long as their width, respectively; inner hind tibial
spur 0.3 times as long as basitarsus.

Metasoma. First tergite 1.4 times as long as apical width (30:19); medial length of
second tergite 1.8 times as long as third (30:17; Fig. 8); third-fifth metasomal tergites
with divergent striation; sixth tergite rugose-punctate; ovipositor sheath 0.5 times as
long as hind basitarsus (19:35; Fig. 41).

Colour. Yellow; antenna and palpi yellow; stemmaticum black; propodeum black-
ish brown laterally, yellow medially and posteriorly; first metasomal tergite brown, but
yellow apically; second-sixth metasomal tergites brown, but lateral corners yellow; fore
wing yellow with veins 1-M, 2-CU1 and CUla medially, veins r and 2-SR brown;
pterostigma brown medially, yellow basally and apically; pronotum, mesopleuron and
metapleuron ivory; middle and lateral lobes of mesoscutum and side of scutellum yel-
low; outer side of hind coxa and hind femur subapically dark yellow.

Male. Unknown.

Etymology. From ‘inter’ (Latin for ‘between’), because this species is intermediate
between C. parallelus sp. n. and C. spilonotus (Cameron), but differs from these species
by having larger occelli (diameter of posterior ocellus 3.0 times as long as POL and 1.5
times as long as OOL). This species is close to C. spilonotus, but differs by having the
mesopleuron antero-dorsally and below the precoxal sulcus pale yellow (dark brown
antero-dorsally and more or less brownish below precoxal sulcus in C. spilonotus), the
ovipositor sheath entirely brown (only apically dark brown) and the third and fourth
metasomal tergites with nearly transverse striation apically (absent).

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... 47

Canalirogas parallelus sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/FCCA8CAC-7D22-480E-B361-47C54D49AE88
Figs 4, 5, 44-48

Material. Holotype, female (RMNH), “[S Vietnam:] Kon Tum, Chu Mom Ray NP,
Mal. traps, 700-900 m, 26.ix—5.x.2006, Mai Phu Quy & Nguyen Thanh Manh,
RMNH’07”. Paratype, 1 female (WNMN), ‘Rog.520’, “[NE Vietnam:] Ha Giang, Vi
Xuyen, Cao Bo, forest, 300 m, 11.v.2007, KD Long”.

Excluded from type series a female from Central Vietnam (missing its metasoma;
IEBR) ‘Rog.590’, ‘C. Vietnam: Thua Thien-Hue, Bach Ma NP, secondary forest 300
m, 20.v.2007, KD Long’ with the precoxal area dark brown.

Description. Holotype, female, body length 7.2 mm, fore wing length 5.2 mm,
antenna 10.2 mm.

Head. Antenna with 57 segments, 1.4 times longer than body; third segment 1.1
fourth segment (9:8); middle segment 2.7 times as long as wide (8:3), penultimate
antennal segment 0.75 times apical segment (6:8); apical segment with spine; width
of face 0.9 times length of face and clypeus combined (28:21); malar space 0.7 times
as long as mandible width (4:6); basal width of mandible 0.7 times as long as hypocl-
ypeal depression (6:9); malar suture present; distance between tentorial pits 3.0 times
distance between pits and eyes (9:3; Fig. 44); in dorsal view height of eye 5.0 times as
high as temple (20:4); in lateral view width of eye 3.4 times as long as temple (17:5);
ocelli in high triangle, POL:Od:OOL = 4:6:4 (Fig. 46); distance between front and
hind ocelli as long as OOL; face rugose-punctate; frons, vertex and temple smooth.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.45 times as long as high (77:54); pronotal side
mainly crenulate medially smooth dorsally, finely granulate ventrally; notauli deep
and long, punctate; scutellar sulcus 0.55 times as long as scutellum; mesopleuron and
metapleuron smooth; precoxal sulcus rather wide and crenulate (Fig. 45); propodeum
mainly rugose laterally and medial areola crenulate (Fig. 5).

Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma 4.8 times as long as wide; r:2-SR:3-SR:SR1 =
9:14:27:43; vein r arising before middle of pterostigma; 1-CU1:cu-a:2-CU1:3-
CU 1=4:7:27:5; posterior length of second submarginal cell 2.5 times its apical width
(33:13). Hind wing: vein M+CU:1-M:1r-m = 35:24:11 (Fig. 48).

Legs. Hind coxa almost smooth; length of hind femur:tibia:basitarsus:tarsus =
62:85:44:108; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus 6.2, 10.6 and 11.0 times as long
as their width, respectively; inner hind tibial spur 0.25 times as long as basitarsus (11:44).

Metasoma. First tergite 1.7 times as long as apical width (45:27; Fig. 4); medial length
of second tergite 1.6 times as long as third (34:21); second suture crenulate; second metaso-
mal tergite obliquely and longitudinally striate; basal area of third-fifth metasomal tergites
with divergent striation, apex of third-fifth metasomal tergites with curved striation mixing
with punctures (Fig. 4); ovipositor sheath 0.5 times as long as hind basitarsus (1:2; Fig. 47).

Colour. Pale yellow; antenna yellowish brown, basal antennal segments with me-
dial pale band; palpi yellow; stemmaticum black; propleuron, mesopleuron anteriorly,

48 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

ae = > ‘< ; 5 = ey a Sa ae : - sree
SS Oe euaos, e in

Figures 44-48. Canalirogas parallelus sp. n., female, holotype. 44 head anterior 45 mesosoma lateral
46 head dorsal 47 hypopygium lateral 48 hind wing.

side of scutellum and axilla, metanotum and propodeum entirely black; second-sixth
metasomal segments black, yellow laterally; hypopygium yellow, brownish ventrally;
all legs yellow, but hind coxa yellowish brown ventrally; wings subhyaline with veins
brownish yellow; parastigma yellow; pterostigma mainly brown, yellow subapically.
Male. Unknown.
Etymology. Named ‘parallelus’, because of the nearly parallel-sided first metaso-

mal tergite.

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... 49

Figures 49-56. Canalirogas robberti sp. n., female, holotype. 49 wings 50 head anterior 51 head and

mesosoma lateral 52 mesosoma dorsal 53 head dorsal 54 first-sixth tergites dorsal 55 hind leg lateral
56 hypopygium lateral.

50 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

Canalirogas robberti sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/CC50053B-5 145-4724-B6CE-670BAD92EGFF
Figs 49-56

Material. Holotype, female (RMNH), “[S Vietnam:] Déng Nai, Cat Tién NP, Fi-
cus trail, Mal. trap[s] 1-8, c. 100 m, 1-9.x.2005, C. v. Achterberg & R. de Vries,
RMNH’05”.

Description. Holotype, female, body length 7.7 mm, fore wing length 5.4 mm.

Head. Antenna with 52 segments, 1.8 times as long as fore wing; middle and subap-
ical segments 2.6 and 2.5 times longer than wide, respectively; third antennal segment
1.1 times as long as fourth segment; width of face 0.8 times length of face and clypeus
combined; clypeus concave medially in lateral view, with distinct ventral rim (Fig. 51);
malar space 0.6 times as long as basal width of mandible; basal width of mandible 0.7
times as long as width of hypoclypeal depression; malar suture deep; distance between
tentorial pits 3.4 times distance between pits and eyes (Fig. 50); length of eye in dorsal
view 5.5 times as long as temple (Fig. 53); width of eye in lateral view 3.8 times as long
as temple; ocelli large, POL:Od:OOL = 1:3:1; distance between front and hind ocelli as
long as OOL (Fig. 53); face with some distinct punctures laterally, with some indistinct
rugae sublaterally, remainder of face, frons, vertex and temple smooth.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.3 times as long as high; pronotal side smooth
dorsally, coarsely crenulate medially and superficially granulate and with some rugae
ventrally; precoxal sulcus only posteriorly absent and finely crenulate (Fig. 51); meso-
pleuron and metapleuron mainly smooth; mesoscutum smooth, except some punctu-
lation; notauli narrow, shallow posteriorly and finely crenulate; scutellar sulcus 0.5
times as long as scutellum and with one long crenula (Fig. 52); scutellum smooth
except some striae posteriorly; propodeum rugulose-granulate dorsally, except carinate
median areola and some coarse rugae posteriorly (Fig. 52).

Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma 4.8 times as long as wide; r:2-SR:3-SR:SR1 = 5:8:14:22;
vein r emerging before middle of pterostigma; vein cu-a slender (Fig. 49), 1-CU 1]:cu-a:2-
CU1:3-CU1 = 3:10:38:8; posterior length of second submarginal cell 3.1 times its apical
width. Hind wing: vein M+CU:1-M: 1r-m = 15:12:6; vein SR unsclerotised.

Legs. Hind coxa shiny and with sparse fine punctures; length of hind
femur:tibia:basitarsus: tarsus = 60:81:38:94; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus
6.0, 10.0 and 9.6 times as long as their width, respectively (Fig. 55); inner hind tibial
spur 0.3 times as long as basitarsus.

Metasoma. First tergite 1.7 times as long as apical width and slightly widened
posteriorly (Fig. 54); first-second tergites with costate and somewhat oblique stria-
tion; third-fifth tergites with finer and more divergent striation and sixth tergite finely
rugulose; medial length of second tergite 1.7 times than third segment; second suture
coarsely crenulate; ovipositor sheath truncate apically and half as long as hind basitar-
sus; Ovipositor stout (Fig. 56).

Colour. Pale yellow or ivory; antennal segments pale brown with faint yellowish
transverse bands; stemmaticum, propleuron partly, mesopleuron antero-dorsally, antero-

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... a]

ventrally and below precoxal sulcus, mesoscutum laterally, scutellum and metanotum
laterally, propodeum (except areola and posteriorly), inner and outer side of hind coxa,
outer and inner side of hind femur mainly (except basally), metasomal tergites 1-5 basally
and medio-posteriorly, tergite 6 nearly entirely dorsally (Fig. 54) and ovipositor sheath
(except basally), dark brown; telotarsi and hypopygium baso-ventrally brown; wings
mainly slightly infuscate; veins mainly (but of apical third of wing brownish yellow) and
pterostigma medially dark brown; remainder of pterostigma and parastigma yellow.

Male. Unknown.

Etymylogy. Named after one of the collectors of the holotype, Mr. Rob de Vries

(Leiden); for his excellent collaboration.

Canalirogas spilonotus (Cameron, 1905)
Figs 57-64

Troporhogas spilonotus Cameron, 1905: 93. Lectotype female (BMNH: Hym. Type
3c.222 from Sri Lanka) examined and here designated.

Canalirogas spilonotus Quicke & Shaw, 2005: 3531.

C. balgooyi van Achterberg & Chen, 1996: 70—73 (description). Syn. n.

Material. Specimens examined from North and North Central and South Vietnam
(IEBR, RMNH and VNMN): Ha Giang (Vi Xuyen), Hoa Binh (Mai Chau, Yen
Thuy), Ninh Binh (Cuc Phuong NP), Ha Tinh (Huong Son, Vu Quang NP), Phu
Tho (Tan Son), Vinh Phuc (Me Linh; Tam Dao NP), Déng Nai (Cat Tien NP).

Description. Figured female from Cat Tién National Park, body length 7.1 mm,
fore wing length 5.5 mm.

Head. Antenna with 51 segments, 1.7 times as long as fore wing; middle and
subapical segments 2.6 and 2.5 times longer than wide, respectively; third antennal
segment 1.3 times as long as fourth segment; width of face 0.8 times length of face
and clypeus combined; clypeus flat in lateral view (Fig. 59); malar space 0.6 times as
long as basal width of mandible; basal width of mandible 0.7 times as long as width
of hypoclypeal depression; malar suture deep; distance between tentorial pits 3.9
times distance between pits and eyes (Fig. 58); length of eye in dorsal view 7.8 times
as long as temple (Fig. 61); width of eye in lateral view 5.6 times as long as temple;
ocelli large, POL:Od:OOL = 5:14:5; distance between front and hind ocelli as long
as OOL (Fig. 61); face weakly rugose sublaterally, remainder of face, frons, vertex
and temple smooth.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.3 times as long as high; pronotal side smooth
dorsally, coarsely crenulate medially and superficially granulate ventrally; precoxal sul-
cus only posteriorly absent and finely crenulate (Fig. 59); mesopleuron and metapleu-
ron largely smooth; mesoscutum smooth, except some punctulation; notauli narrow,
shallow posteriorly and finely crenulate; scutellar sulcus 0.6 times as long as scutellum
and with 3 long crenulae (Fig. 60); scutellum smooth except some striae posteriorly;

a2 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

Figures 57-64. Canalirogas spilonotus (Cameron), female, Vietnam. 57 fore wing 58 head anterior

59 head and mesosoma lateral 60 mesosoma dorsal 61 head dorsal 62 propodeum and first-third tergites
dorsal 63 hind leg lateral 64 hypopygium lateral.

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... 53

propodeum densely finely punctate dorsally, except carinate median areola and later-
ally rugose (Figs 60, 62).

Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma 4.9 times as long as wide; r:2-SR:3-SR:SR1 =
10:14:18:43; vein r emerging little before middle of pterostigma; vein cu-a short and
slender (Fig. 57), 1-CU1:cu-a:2-CU1:3-CU1 = 1:5:24:4; posterior length of second
submarginal cell 3.4 times its apical width. Hind wing: vein M+CU:1-M: lr-m =
30:26:16; vein SR unsclerotised.

Legs. Hind coxa shiny and with sparse fine punctures; length of hind
femur:tibia:basitarsus: tarsus = 50:64:31:78; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus
6.2, 11.4 and 11.6 times as long as their width, respectively (Fig. 63); inner hind tibial
spur 0.3 times as long as basitarsus.

Metasoma. First tergite 1.5 times as long as apical width and slightly widened
posteriorly (Fig. 62); first-third tergites with costate and somewhat oblique striation;
fourth-fifth tergites with more divergent striation; medial length of second tergite 1.6
times than third segment; second suture crenulate; ovipositor sheath truncate apically
and half as long as hind basitarsus; ovipositor rather stout (Fig. 64).

Colour. Pale yellow or ivory; antennal segments pale brown with yellow transverse
bands (Fig. 58); stemmaticum, propleuron partly, mesopleuron antero-dorsally, mes-
oscutum laterally, metanotum partly laterally, propodeum (except areola, narrowly
posteriorly and partly latero-posteriorly), inner and outer side of hind coxa, metaso-
mal tergites 1-5 basally and medio-posteriorly (but of third-fifth tergites partly brown
antero-laterally), tergite 6 entirely dorsally (Fig. 57) and apex of ovipositor sheath nar-
rowly dark brown (Fig. 64); telotarsi brown; wings largely slightly infuscate; veins (but
of apical third of wing unpigmented) and pterostigma medially dark brown; remainder
of pterostigma and parastigma yellow.

Male. Unknown.

Variation. Antennal segments of female 44(1), 48(1), 50(1) or 51(1); first tergite 1.2—
1.5 times as long as apical width (Fig. 57); medial length of second tergite 1.5—1.6 times
as long as third tergite medially; body length 6.2—7.1 mm; fore wing length 4.6-5.5 mm.

Notes. ‘This conspicuous species has the eyes in dorsal view 6-8 times longer than
temple (Fig. 61) and in lateral view width of eye about 3.8 times temple (15:4; Fig.
59); ovipositor stout (Fig. 64). The lectotype of C. spilonotus (Cameron) designated in
this paper falls within the (rather wide) variation limits of C. balgooyi and is, therefore,
considered to be a senior synonym of the latter.

Canalirogas vittatus sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/3D065D35-E536-4EBB-AE82-48F8 1 FD46775

Figs 7, 65-70

Material. Holotype, female (VNMN) ‘Rog.014’, “[NE Vietnam:] Ninh Binh,
Cuc Phuong NP, 7—9.v.2002, KD Long”. Paratypes, 2 females (RMNH, VNMN),
‘Rog.013’ & “Rog.005’, topotypic and same date.

54 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg | ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

70

pared Sse!

Figures 65-70. Canalirogas vittatus sp. n., female, holotype. 65 head lateral 66 mesosoma lateral
67 head dorsal 68 head anterior 69 hypopygium lateral 70 hind wing.

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... 55

Description. Holotype, female, body length 5.9 mm, fore wing length 5.0 mm,
antenna 8.0 mm.

Head. Antenna with 47 segments, 1.4 times longer than body; third segment 1.1
times fourth; middle segments 2.8 times longer than wide (7:2.5); penultimate antennal
segment 0.9 times apical segment; apical segment with spine; width of face slightly less
than length of face and clypeus combined (18:19); malar space 0.7 times as long as man-
dible width (5:7); basal width of mandible 0.8 times as long as hypoclypeal depression
(7:9); malar suture absent; distance between tentorial pits 3.0 times distance between pits
and eyes (9:3; Fig. 68); in dorsal view height of eye 3.2 times as high as temple (16:5);
in lateral view width of eye 2.5 times as long as temple (10:4; Fig. 65); ocelli rather small
and in high triangle, POL:Od:OOL = 4:5.5 (Fig. 67); distance between front and hind
ocelli 0.8 times OOL (4:5); face rugose-punctate; frons, vertex and temple smooth.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.35 times longer than high (69:51); pronotal side
mainly crenulate medially, granulate ventrally; precoxal sulcus wide and punctate-cren-
ulate (Fig. 66); mesopleuron smooth dorsally and punctate ventrally, punctures merged
into mesosternum; scutellum smooth; mesopleuron smooth, rugose anteriorly; notauli
deep, crenulate; mesoscutum with sparse fine punctures; scutellar sulcus 0.7 times as long
as scutellum (6:9); propodeum mainly rugose laterally and its medial areola crenulate.

Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma 4.7 times as long as wide (42:9); r:2-SR:3-SR:SR1
= 9:15:29:44; vein r arising before middle of pterostigma; 1-CU1:cu-a:2-CU1:3-CU1
= 4:7:27:5; ventral length of second submarginal cell 3.4 times its apical width (41:12).
Hind wing: vein M+CU:1-M:11-m = 31:26:23 (Fig. 70).

Legs. Hind coxa shiny with sparse fine punctures; length of hind
femur:tibia:basitarsus:tarsus = 55:74:38:89; length of hind femur, tibia and basitarsus
5.5, 9.25 and 9.5 times as long as their width, respectively; inner hind tibial spur 0.24
times as long as basitarsus (9:38).

Metasoma. First tergite subequal to apical width; medial length of second tergite
1.6 times third (30:19; Fig. 7); second suture crenulate; second tergite with paral-
lel striation; third-fifth tergites mainly rugose medially; sixth tergite with curved fine
striation mixed with granulation; ovipositor sheath 0.5 times as long as hind basitarsus
(18:38; Fig. 69).

Colour. Yellow; antennal segments brown with medial pale band; palpi pale yel-
low; stemmaticum black; occipital carina brown; propleuron, mesopleuron anteriorly,
precoxal sulcus, notauli, mesonotum laterally, side of scutellum and axilla black; pro-
podeum black, but pale yelllow medially; fore and middle legs yellow, except middle
femur subapically and tarsus darker than tibia; hind coxa blackish brown, except yel-
low dorso-basally; hind trochantellus, most part of hind femur and hind tarsus brown;
hind tibia dirty yellow; wings dirty subhyaline with pterostigma and veins brown,
except veins 3-SR, SR1, 3-M and r-m yellow; first-fifth metasomal tergites black, yel-
low laterally and at posterior corners; sixth tergite entirely black.

Male. Unknown.

56 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

Variation. Length of first metasomal tergite 1.0—1.2 times as long as apical width;
medial length of metasomal second tergite 1.6—1.7 times as long as third tergite medi-
ally; body length 5.1—6.2 mm; fore wing length 4.0-5.1 mm.

Etymology. From ‘vitta’ (Latin for ‘ribbon, band’), because of the pale band of

the antennal segments.

Canalirogas vuquangensis sp. n.
http://zoobank.org/99337E9B-C176-4967-A419-GA0352BF4BA4
Figs 1, 71-78

Material. Holotype, female (RMNH), “[C Vietnam:] Ha Tinh, Vu Quang NP, 66 m,
18°19'47"N, 105°26'28"E, Mal. trap 9, 4.iii-15.iv.2011, C. v. Achterberg, RMNH’11”.

Description. Holotype, female, body length 6.6 mm, fore wing length 4.8 mm.

Head. Antenna with 44 segments, 1.6 times as long as fore wing; middle and subap-
ical segments 3.3 and 2.7 times longer than wide, respectively; third antennal segment
1.4 times as long as fourth segment; width of face 0.8 times length of face and clypeus
combined; clypeus flat in lateral view and ventral rim not differentiated from clypeus
(Fig. 73); malar space 0.7 times as long as basal width of mandible; basal width of man-
dible 0.7 times as long as width of hypoclypeal depression; malar suture deep; distance
between tentorial pits 2.9 times distance between pits and eyes (Fig. 72); length of eye
in dorsal view 8.3 times as long as temple (Fig. 75); width of eye in lateral view 4.4 times
as long as temple; ocelli large, POL:Od:OOL = 2:6:3; distance between front and hind
ocelli as long as OOL (Fig. 72); face distinctly granulate submedially and orbita sparsely
punctate, remainder of face superficially coriaceous; frons, vertex and temple smooth.

Mesosoma. Length of mesosoma 1.4 times as long as high; pronotal side smooth
dorsally, moderately crenulate medially and granulate ventrally; precoxal sulcus only
medially distinctly impressed and finely crenulate; mesopleuron mainly smooth; meta-
pleuron superficially granulate (Fig. 73); mesoscutum smooth, except some punctula-
tion; notauli narrow, shallow posteriorly and smooth; scutellar sulcus 0.5 times as long
as scutellum and with one long crenula; scutellum smooth except some striae posteri-
orly; propodeum distinctly granulate dorsally, except carinate median areola, rugose
medially and superficially granulate posteriorly (Figs 73, 74).

Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma 4.9 times as long as wide; r:2-SR:3-SR:SR1 = 5:9:15:26;
vein r emerging before middle of pterostigma; vein cu-a slender (Fig. 71), 1-CU1]:cu-a:2-
CU1:3-CU1 = 3:8:34:7; posterior length of second submarginal cell 3.1 times its apical
width. Hind wing: vein M+CU:1-M: Ir-m = 15:13:7; vein SR unsclerotised.

Legs. Hind coxa with satin sheen, superficially coriaceous and punctulate; length
of hind femur:tibia:basitarsus:tarsus = 50:74:33:78; length of hind femur, tibia and
basitarsus 6.0, 10.3 and 11.6 times as long as their width, respectively (Fig. 77); inner
hind tibial spur 0.3 times as long as basitarsus.

Metasoma. First tergite 1.9 times as long as apical width and slightly widened pos-
teriorly (Fig. 76); first-second tergites with rather coarse and somewhat oblique rugae;

Review of the genus Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen... 57

&
_

Figures 71-78. Canalirogas vuquangensis sp. n., female, holotype. 71 wings 72 head anterior 73 head
and mesosoma lateral 74 mesosoma dorsal 75 head dorsal 76 propodeum and first-third tergites dorsal
77 hind leg lateral 78 hypopygium lateral.

third-fifth tergites with more divergent rugulae and sixth tergite mainly coriaceous;
medial length of second tergite 1.7 times longer than of third segment; second suture
moderately crenulate; ovipositor sheath truncate apically and 0.6 times as long as hind
basitarsus; ovipositor moderately stout (Fig. 78).

58 Khuat Dang Long & Cornelis van Achterberg / ZooKeys 506: 27-59 (2015)

Colour. Pale yellow or ivory; antennal segments brown with yellowish transverse
bands (Fig. 1); stemmaticum and face sublaterally pale brown; scapus, pedicellus, telo-
tarsi, inner side of hind coxa, patch on outer side and inner side of hind femur, oviposi-
tor sheath (except basally) and hypopygium baso-ventrally dark brown; propleuron
partly, mesopleuron antero-dorsally, antero-ventrally and below precoxal sulcus, mes-
oscutum laterally, notaulic courses, scutellum and metanotum laterally, propodeum
(except areola and posteriorly), outer side of hind coxa, metasomal tergites 1-3 ba-
sally and medio-posteriorly and tergites 4—6 nearly entirely dorsally (Figs 1, 76) black-
ish brown; wings largely slightly infuscate; veins mainly (but of apical third of wing
brownish yellow) and pterostigma medially and subbasally dark brown; remainder of
pterostigma and parastigma yellow.

Male. Unknown.

Etymylogy. Named after the type locality in Central Vietnam.

Acknowledgements

The first author thanks the Vietnam National Foundation for Science and Technology
Development (NAFOSTED, grant No. 106.15-2012.62) for financial support. The
second author thanks the Uyttenboogaart-Eliasen Stichting (Amsterdam) for financial
support of his fieldwork in Vietnam, and Dr Gavin Broad (BMNH) for the loan of
the lectotype of C. spilonotus (Cameron). Thanks are due to Mr Rob de Vries (RMNH,
Leiden), Prof. Dr Mai Phu Qui, Dr Nguyen Quang Truong, Dr Nguyen Thanh Manh
(IEBR, Ha Noi, Vietnam), Dr Nguyen Huu Thao (Hung Vuong University, Vietnam)
for collecting specimens. We also thank Prof. Dr Pham Van Lam, Mr The Truong
Thanh, Mr La Van Hao (Research Institute for Plant Protection, Ha Noi, Vietnam) for
taking part of the photographs. The authors thank the anonymous reviewers and the
editor for the helpful comments on the manuscript.

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