ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) A peer-reviewed open-access journal cD Ree cere eeeee #ZooKeys https:/ / ZOO keys. pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Seven new species of spider-attacking Hymenoepimecis Viereck (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) from Ecuador, French Guiana, and Peru, with an identification key to the world species Diego Galvao de Padua’, Ilari Eerikki Saaksjarvi’, Ricardo Ferreira Monteiro?, Marcio Luiz de Oliveira! | Programa de Pés-Graduagéo em Entomologia, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazénia, Av. André Araujo, 2936, Petrépolis, 69067-375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil 2. Biodiversity Unit, Zoological Museum, University of Turku, FIN-20014, Turku, Finland 3 Laboratorio de Ecologia de Insetos, Depto. de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Cidade Universitiria, Ilha do Fundao, 21941-971, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Corresponding author: Diego Galvao de Padua (paduadg@gmail.com) Academic editor: B. Santos | Received 27 January 2020 | Accepted 20 March 2020 | Published 21 May 2020 http://zoobank. org/3540FBBB-2B87-4908-A2EF-017E67FE5604 Citation: Padua DG, Saaksjarvi IE, Monteiro RF, Oliveira ML (2020) Seven new species of spider-attacking Hymenoepimecis Viereck (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Pimplinae) from Ecuador, French Guiana, and Peru, with an identification key to the world species. ZooKeys 935: 57-92. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.935.50492 Abstract Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis Viereck are described from Peruvian Andes and Amazonia, French Guiana and Ecuador: H. andina Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov., H. castilloi Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov., H. dolichocarinata Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov., 1. ecuatoriana Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov., H. longilobus Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov., H. pucallpina Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov., and H. rafaelmartinezi Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov. In addition, the male of the Hymenoepimecis kleini Padua & Sobczak, 2015 is described, new faunistic records for the genus provided, as well as an illustrated identification key to all known species of the genus. Keywords Amazonia, Andes, biodiversity, koinobiont, Neotropical, Polysphincta genus group, parasitoids, rain forest Copyright Diego GalvGo de Padua et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 58 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) Introduction Hymenoepimecis Viereck, 1912 is a moderately large genus of spider-attacking Darwin wasps. It is confined to the New World where it occurs from Mexico and Central America to Southern Brazil (Gauld 1991; Kumagai and Graf 2002; Yu et al. 2012; Padua et al. 2015). The species of Hymenoepimecis are known to be koinobiont ectoparasitoids attack- ing sub-adult and adult orb-web-spinning spiders belonging to the families Araneidae and Tetragnathidae (summarised in Padua et al. 2016). Hymenoepimecis is closely re- lated to Acrotaphus Townes and Ticapimpla Gauld and it can be easily separated from these two genera by possessing a pocket-like structure on the mediodorsal part of the pronotum (Gauld 1991). Currently, there are 20 described species in the genus (Yu et al. 2012; Padua et al. 2015) and the majority of them have been discovered from Brazil (Brullé 1846; Kriechbaumer 1890; Loffredo and Penteado-Dias 2009; Sobczak et al. 2009; Padua et al. 2015) and Central America (see Cresson 1865; Brues and Richardson 1913; Townes and Townes 1966; Gauld 1991, 2000). Very little is known about the occur- rence of the genus in other Latin American countries. The main aim of this work is to describe seven new species of Hymenoepimecis from Peru, French Guiana and Ecuador. In addition, we provide new faunistic records for the genus and an illustrated identifi- cation key to all species. Materials and methods The specimens studied in this work are deposited at the Florida State Collection of Ar- thropods (FSCA), Gainesville, USA, The Natural History Museum, University of San Marcos (MUSM), Lima, Peru, The Natural History Museum, London, UK (NHM), and the Biodiversity Unit, Zoological Museum, University of Turku (ZMUT), Turku, Finland. The specimens of MUSM are currently on loan in ZMUT- Specimens were examined with an Olympus SZ61 and SZX10 stereomicro- scopes and measurements were made through a millimetre ocular. Digital layer images were taken using a Canon DS126461 digital camera attached to an Olym- pus SZX16 stereomicroscope and combined by using the software Zerene Stacker (Version 1.04 Build 1201706041920). Drawings were vectorized digitally using Adobe Illustrator. The morphological terminology and style of descriptions follow those of Padua et al. (2015). In this study, the measures and proportions between the structures are given as the value of the holotype [in brackets], followed by the minimum and maxi- mum number of variations. The new country records of the genus are marked with a double asterisk and new country records of the species were marked with a single asterisk. The maps were produced through the website Simplemappr (https://www. simplemappr.net). Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 59 Key to the world species of Hymenoepimecis [The female of the H. cameroni and males of H. amazonensis, H. atriceps, H. castilloi sp. nov., H. heidyae, H. heteropus, H. jordanensis, H. neotropica, H. pucallpina sp. nov., H. silvanae, and H. sooretama are unknown]. 1 2 17101 aed bg real RR, Rt ND, Re Mle, Lom Tn Oe Ane 27 Face sculptured below the insertion of antennae, with a longitudinal carina in the middle (Figs 7, 12, 15); head with occipital carina projected, not curved upwards, with a dorsal concavity in the apex (Figs 22, 27, 30); pronotum with a pocket-like structure reduced longitudinally (Figs 22, 27, 30); sternite I with a spine-like ventral projection posteriorly (Figs 52, 57, 60)... nbocassneh ee ttad eR ol ste eh acclb i beaclandnSeet ste olga eed (H. jordanensis species group) 3 Face not sculptured below the insertion of antennae, without a longitudi- nal carina in the middle (Figs 1-6, 8-11, 13, 14); head with occipital ca- rina projected and curved upwards, without a dorsal concavity in the apex (Figs 16-21, 23-26, 28, 29); pronotum with the pocket-like structure not reduced longitudinally (Figs 31-36, 38-41, 43, 44); sternite I with a low, rounded swelling posteriorly (Figs 31-36, 38-41, 43, 44) or with a high, laterally compressed, nasute ventral protuberance (Fig. 47) ......scsceeeseeeeeee 7 Wing bicoloured (blackish, with one yellowish hyaline band) (Fig. 75) or fore wing yellowish, with two blackish bands (Fig. 72) .......csessessessesseeeeseoeeees 4 Wing monocoloured (hyaline, without band(s)) (Fig. 67)... eee eeeeeeeeeeee 5 Fore wing blackish, with a yellowish hyaline preapical band; hind leg black, with base of coxa orange (Fig. 75)....... H. uberensis Padua & Onody, 2015 Fore wing hyaline yellowish, with apex blackish and with a blackish preapical band; hind leg orange with femur, tibia and tarsus blackish brown (Fig. 72)... pape Sete eave Mase eon, ate tec RAC dey Tha nad da ON tale canes H. rafaelmartinezi sp. nov. Metasoma darkish brown, with whitish lateral marks on anterior margins of ter- gites II-V (e.g., Fig. 61)....... H. jordanensis Loftredo & Penteado-Dias, 2009 Metasoma orange, with blackish marks on posterior margins in some tergites WEP O/ )enstcasstiecs atone dea stden anteater ae tacaa raise eR eneelan tseten . 1.4 times as Forgas sfrvel erin 2.8 ect. ts tn deta lotsk H.. sooretama Sobczak et al., 2009 Posterior ocelli separated from eyes by 0.4 times its own maximum diameter, in dorsal view; fore wing fuscous (see Sobczak et al. 2009); ovipositor 0.9 times as long as hind tibia; hind leg brownish, except base of coxa orange .... Lied, Teeth ed, Sco BT Ds tae! + A denies i blll Deke de ata. H. japi Sobczak et al., 2009 Posterior ocelli separated from eyes by 0.6—0.8 times its own maximum di- ameter, in dorsal view; fore wing hyaline; ovipositor 1.1—1.3 times as long as 20 27 28 Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 61 hind tibia; hind leg orange, with femur, tibia and tarsus blackish (Figs 69) ... Sins Aen tar Nee a at rei Mus icon ea Hi. manauara Padua & Oliveira, 2015 Fore wing blackish, with a yellowish band more or less in median region Fore wing yellowish hyaline, with two black bands (Figs 65, 66, 68)......... 22 Occipital carina reduced in dorsal part (Fig. 43); metasoma orange, with ter- pitessy Te blaeki( FIG. 9723.) ra. attap esse derwe H. ribeiroi Padua & Sobczak, 2015 Occipital carina not reduced in dorsal part (Fig. 41); metasoma entirely black GRE 245 7.19). sssaes ee necton teusetne veda ancroeiaene'vaeen atieenanone Pee su tectes te H. pucallpina sp. nov. Tarsal claw with a longitudinally elongated lobe or with a square lobe GPigss2 76813 eB As BGO 0) MEU eae Te Curr rae ie el reensell 23 Tarsal claw with a longitudinally elongated lobe (Fig. 83)... .eeeeeeeeeeeeeees sf tik Seabees reset etl saat SU cell eerie W cousin wEdte ee pe hely H. longilobus sp. nov. Tarsal claw with a more or less square lobe (Figs 76-81, 84, 86—90)......... 24 Metasoma black, with: tergite I Orage (PIG 94% vic. severe pctdonratwanee tatanstmares een 2 ri eee keene A, A Lak Se be H. heteropus (Kriechbaumer, 1890) Metasoma entirely brownish orange or orange, with posterior tergites black- ro) bok Celts Cue Wo] oS Cl oi dO) Pannen rye AORN My heer neve Keer Aer A aR 25 Metasoma brownish orange or ferruginous (see Loffredo & Penteado-Dias DOO OVS Jat cath vactertytvocseuaveded H.. silvanae Loffredo & Penteado-Dias, 2009 Metasoma orange, with posterior tergites blackish (Figs 65, 66, 68, 70)....26 Ovipositor > 1.5 times as long as hind tibia; pronotum black (in general) (Figs SS: Methcccee -ceeeeeonterscgguee. wccuateaneess H. duckensis Padua & Onody, 2015 Bedi tul ta oltre Rea setae des MUlea atmo ates eset hae Le Hi. ecuatoriana sp. nov. Face sculptured below the insertion of antennae, with a longitudinal carina in the middle part (Figs 7, 12, 15); head with occipital carina projected, not curved upwards, with a concavity dorsally in the apex (Figs 22, 27, 30); pronotum with the pocket-like structure reduced longitudinally (Figs 22, 27, 30); sternite I with a spine-like ventral projection posteriorly (Figs 52, 57, Gs aie ec i ace a chee ce eh A, EE eR Bol (H. jordanensis species group) 28 Face not sculptured below the insertion of antennae, without a longitudinal carina in the middle part (Figs 1-6, 8-11, 13, 14); head with occipital ca- rina projected and curved upwards, without a concavity in the apex dorsal (Figs 16-21, 23-26, 28, 29); pronotum with the pocket-like structure not reduced longitudinally (Figs 31-36, 38-41, 43, 44); sternite I with a low, rounded swelling posteriorly (Figs 31-36, 38-41, 43, 44) or with a high, laterally compressed, nasute ventral protuberance (Fig. 47) ......seeeeeseeeee 30 Fore wing hyaline (Fig. 103)... H. kleini Padua & Sobczak, 2015 Fore wing blackish, with one yellowish hyaline band (Fig. 106) or fore wing yellowish, with two blackish bands (Figs 100, 102, 104)... eee eeeeeeee 29 62 29) Salk D2, 36 37 38 39 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) Fore wing blackish, with yellowish hyaline band between junction of vein R1 up to pterostigma until half vein M; hind leg black, with base of coxa orange (ETE BLOG) ED, coccuss cos ceuvconseucencoregar sveuceust H. uberensis Padua & Onody, 2015 Fore wing hyaline yellowish, with apex distal to 2rs-m blackish, and with a blackish median band extending backwards from anterior margin, to veins Rs+M and junction of pterostigma with vein R1; hind leg orange with fe- mur, tibia and tarsus blackish brown (Fig. 104) 0.0... eeseeeseeceseeeeseeeeeeees ER et be A eel gn Se Sap cosh Op or De ans ds leat H. rafaelmartinezi sp. nov. Epiciiemial ‘carina, present, (Bigs 345-44, 96) osu. seccigevsoeysecovoyeceeo strode tonders 1 Epicnemial carina absent (Figs 31-33, 35-43, 45) ..ccecesssesseeseeseeeseeeeeees 34 Eorewine-lyaline (Fics 7 Os OM, TOS )p teehee arse Sarde seeks eteesthas a2 BORG Witter MACK IS ice) esc adiss aa uvaruneonmeeste neds ccmnes ope abceniamotonnsinebenionmesiies 33 Mesosoma entirely orange; metasoma orange, with posterior margins of ter- gites I-IV narrowly black, tergites V+ black (Fig. 99); margin of the gena flat Delhinidtthe-epes Pig eDiets weit covnevceabhete cabs H. dolichocarinata sp. nov. Mesosoma orange, with pronotum, metapleuron and propodeum blackish; metasoma entirely black (Fig. 74); margin of gena strongly narrowed behind evesl (Gee female iia Moe. Fst R ale wisest tearces: H. tedfordi Gauld, 1991 Submetapleural carina present (Fig. 96B).......H. argyraphaga Gauld, 2000 Submetapleytal cara Dseit; ou oxcaneasieees neice H.. cameroni Townes, 1966 Sternite I with a high, laterally compressed ventral protuberance (Fig. 47) ....35 Sternite I with a low, rounded swelling posteriorly (Figs 46, 48-51, 53-56, RT ENP tn AicSNh Le ease tas DM leas oD. ek Ys MD SIONS Leite ede BEM om Ns hy 36 Fore wing yellowish hyaline, with black apex; hind leg orange, with femur, tibja-and:tarsus:black (Pig. 98) rit sesmuncetpepeunnat: H. bicolor (Brullé, 1846) Fore wing hyaline (sometimes with apex slightly blackish) (e.g., Figs 99, 101); hind leg orange, with 0.5 distal of tibia and tarsus blackish (Fig. 93) ............ le TN eek cette ORAL Covet tee Ite sedi eae es H. robertsae Gauld, 1991 Wing bicoloured (with one band or two bands) (Figs 100, 102, 104)....... 37 Wing monocoloured (hyaline or yellowish hyaline or fuscous or blackish) CE Oe) eh akin haeiancdn ty Seesdiibate Mavenhh waksumua clus mati thassenesbndaeadonainges 39 Fore wing blackish, with one yellowish band in median region (sometimes fore wing with base yellowish) (Fig. 105); occipital carina reduced in dorsal pe Feu (lel Cog Yo] Nil oRrnry nage oe, or ee F.. ribeiroi Padua & Sobczak, 2015 Fore wing yellowish, with two black bands (Figs 100, 102, 104); occipi- tal carina not reduced in dorsal part (Figs 35, 38, 40); metasoma blackish Pronotum entirely orange (the Peruvian specimens have anterior margin of PronotuniDlackishy CE re MO Dy icessice cov se-suster sents per'staesay' H. longilobus sp. nov. Fore wing blackish, with pterostigma yellow (Fig. 91) .......ceeeeseeeeseeeeeeeees Bh NE Ee us Ne ee en es H. veranii Loffredo & Penteado-Dias, 2009 Roreswitrerhiahinenhigs) 9 LOL MOB), ccoinneciavvsds camnesencheciuronapivnn ot tie pevateane 40 Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 63 40 Occipital carina only slightly projected and not curved upwards dorsally (Figs 16, 31); metasoma darkish brown, with whitish lateral marks on ante- rior margins of tergites II-V (Fig. 97) wc. ceseeeseeseeseees H. andina sp. nov. - Occipital carina clearly projected and curved upwards dorsally (Figs 24, 39); metasoma orange, with some tergites with posterior margins black (ELSA) tect, ee als Re A ie A lee) cee elect eae 4l 4] Posterior ocelli separated from eyes by more or less 0.4 times its own maximum diameter, in dorsal view; fore wing fuscous (see Sobczak et al. 2009); hind leg brownish, except base of coxa orange... eee H. japi Sobczak et al., 2009 — Posterior ocelli separated from eyes by 0.6—0.8 times its own maximum diam- eter, in dorsal view; fore wing hyaline (Fig. 24); hind leg orange, with femur, tibia and tarsus blackish (there are specimens with femur basal half orange and apical half blackish or femur orange with apex blackish) (Fig. 103)......... 3 al ie tls bal ss the cit iy tl ng Hi. manauara Padua & Oliveira, 2015 Faunistics and taxonomy Hymenoepimecis Viereck, 1912 Epimecis Brullé, 1846: 112. Type-species: Epimecis bicolor Brullé, by subsequent desig- nation; Ashmead, 1900: 54. Hymenoepimecis Viereck, 1912: 149. [Replacement name for Epimecis Brullé, 1846, junior homonym of Epimecis Hiibner, 1825] Comments. According to Gauld (1991, 2000) Hymenoepimecis is very similar with the sister genus Acrotaphus Townes, 1960. They both have the occipital carina strongly raised (flange-like) and projecting posteriorly to surround the anterior reflexed end of the pronotum; head rounded with the genae strongly narrowed from the eyes to the occipital flange; and the pronotum unusually elongated, with a long horizontal part mediodorsally. It differs from Acrotaphus by having a unique forwardly directed pocket-like structure on the pronotum mediodorsally. Hymenoepimecis andina Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov. http://zoobank.org/98 DEOA8A-GE2D-4B2C-BD 1 D-1C0416E067D1 Figures 1, 16, 31, 46, 61, 76, 97 Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from all other Hymenoepimecis by the combination of the following characters: 1) head, in dorsal view, with gena short and slightly convex behind eyes; 2) posterior ocelli separated from eyes by 0.7—0.8 times its own maximum diameter; 3) occipital carina only slightly projected and not curved upwards dorsally; 4) ovipositor 1.1—1.2 times as long as hind tibia; 5) metasoma dark- ish brown, with whitish lateral marks on anterior margins of tergites II—-V. 64 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) * 0,2 mm ————t Figures 1-15. Heads of Hymenoepimecis spp. (females), frontal view | H. andina sp. nov. (holotype) 2 H. bicolor 3 H. castilloi sp. nov. (holotype) 4 H. dolichocarinata sp. nov. (holotype) 5 H. duckensis 6 H. ecuatoriana sp. nov. (holotype) 7 H. kleini 8 H. longilobus sp. nov. (holotype) 9 H. manauara 10 H. neo- tropica \\ H. pucallpina sp. nov. (holotype) 12 H. rafaelmartinezi sp. nov. (holotype) 13 H. ribeiroi 14 H. tedfordi \S H. uberensis. Description. Female. Body approx. [8.0] 7.0—-8.5 mm; face [0.8] times as broad as high, smooth, slightly convex with few spaced bristles laterally; head in dorsal view, with gena short and slightly convex behind eyes; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by approx. [0.7] 0.7—0.8 times its own maximum diameter; occipital carina lit- Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 65 tle projected and not curved upwards dorsally. Pronotum more or less long, smooth and polished, with distance from tegula to head greater than [0.5] 0.5—0.6 times dis- tance from tegula to hind margin of propodeum, and in anterior part with opening pocket-like structure not reduced longitudinally; mesoscutum smooth and polished; scutellum, in profile, convex; mesopleuron smooth and polished, with anterodor- sal and posterodorsal parts bearing sparse, fine setiferous punctures; metapleuron smooth and polished, with few sparse, fine setiferous punctures; propodeum smooth, polished, with sparse, fine setiferous punctures and with lateral longitudinal carina present only posteriorly. Fore wing approx. [6.0] 6.0—7.0 mm; cu-a more or less in- terstitial to the base of Rs&M; 2rs-m approx. [0.3] 0.3—0.5 times as long as abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu; hind wing with abscissa of Cul meet cu-a equidis- tant between 1A and M. Hind leg with tibia + tarsus [0.6] times fore wing length; tarsal claw with more or less square basal lobe with apex of claw slightly overtaking the lobe. Metasoma slender; tergite I [1.7] 1.6—1.7 times as long as posteriorly width, centrally quite strongly convex with lateral carinae present only at extreme anterior end flanking the anterior concavity; sternite I with a low, rounded swelling posterior- ly; tergite II approx. [1.4] 1.3—1.4 times as long as posteriorly width; tergites IH and IV approx. [1.2] 1.2—-1.3 times as long as posteriorly width; ovipositor [1.1] 1.1—1.2 times as long as hind tibia. Colour. Head black with apical margin of clypeus and mouthparts (except apex mandible black) yellowish; antenna blackish. Mesosoma orange. Fore and mid leg or- ange, the hind leg black. Wings hyaline slightly darkish; pterostigma brownish. Meta- soma darkish brown, with whitish lateral marks on anterior margins of tergites II-V; ovipositor brownish with base and apex whitish, sheath blackish. Male. (Fig. 97). Similar to female in structure and colouration, but with body with 6.0—8.0 mm; face approx.1.1 times as width as high; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by 0.7—0.9 times its own maximum diameter. Fore wing 4.5—6.5 mm. Tarsal claw simple. Metasoma slender; tergite I 1.6 times as long as posteriorly width; tergite II approx. 1.4 times as long as posteriorly width; tergites II] and IV 1.2—1.3 times as long as posteriorly width. Distribution. Peru (Andes) (Fig. 107). Biological notes. Host unknown. Etymology. The specific name refers the locality of the specie type, in the Peruvian Andes, Cusco Peru. Type material. Holotype 2. Peru, Cusco, San Pedro, 13°02'58"S, 71°32'13"W, 1500 m., 20.ix.2007, Malaise trap (C. Castillo leg.), MUSM. Paratypes: idem hol- otype, 4¢¢ and 299, MUSM; idem, but 23.vii.2007, 3446, MUSM; idem, but 13°03'22"S, 71°32'55"W, 1520 m., 25.vii.2007, 12, MUSM; idem, but Coshipa- ta valley 13°03) 11S," 71°32’ 08° W,- 1302. m1 9} ZMU T; "idem, but 13°03-23"S, 7193255 W, 24.x.2007, 19, ZMUT, Comments. Hymenoepimecis andina sp. nov. closely resembles H. tedfordi Gauld, 1991 and Hymenoepimecis castilloi sp. nov., mainly by having hyaline fore wing and 66 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) darkish metasoma. It differs from both by having metasoma with whitish lateral marks on anterior margins of tergites II-V and propodeum orange (metasoma without whit- ish marks and propodeum black in other two species). Hymenoepimecis bicolor (Brullé, 1846) Figures.2; 17;132,°47,.62; 77,98 Epimecis bicolor Brullé, 1846: 113. Hymenoepimecis bicolor (Brullé): Viereck, 1912: 149. Diagnosis. See Padua et al. (2015). Distribution. Brazil, Ecuador** and Peru* (Fig. 108). Biological notes. Parasitoid of Trichonephila clavipes (Linnaeus, 1767) (as Nephila clavipes) (Araneae: Araneidae) (Gonzaga et al. 2010). Material examined. Ecuapor: Dept. Orellana, Tiputini, 00°37'55"S, 76°08'39"W, a.s.l.: 220-250 m., 5.vii.1998, Fogging (T.L. Erwin et al. leg.), Lot #1894, 14, ZMUT; idem, but Onkonegare, 00°39'25"S, 76°27'10,8"W, a.s.L: 216.3 m., 6.vii.1995, Lot #1129, 14, ZMUT. Peru: Dept. of Loreto, Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, 17.x—8.xi.2000, Malaise trap, clay (I.E. Saaksjarvi et al. leg.), APHI, H1/15, 19, ZMUT; idem, but 11—29.vi.2000, APHI, H1/8, 12, ZMUT: idem, but 14.ix—4.x.2000, APHI, H1/13, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 24.iii—16.iv.2000, white sand, APHI, G1/4, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 19.ix—4.x.2000, APHI, 11/13, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 24.i—20.ii.2000, APHI, G1/1, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 8—24.iii.2000, APHI, G2/3, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 22.v—11.vi.2000, APHI, 12 ZMUT; idem, but 20.ii-8.iii.2000 APHI, 12, ZMUT; idem, but iv.2011 (Gémez & Saaksjarvi leg.), 19, ZMUT; idem, but 30°57'49"S, 73°24'93"W, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 7—13.xi.2011, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 11—20.xi.2011, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 31.x—6.xi.2011, 19, ZMUT; idem, but 14—20.xi.2011, 12, ZMUT; 31.x-6.xi.2011, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 14—20.xi.2011, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 24—30.x.2011, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 3—9.x.2011, 12, ZMUT; 10-16.x.2011, 129, ZMUT; Alto Nanay, Albarenga north, 172 m., 18M 0532618E/ 9645753N, 17.xi.2008 (C. Castillo leg.), 1¢, ZMUT; idem, but Rio Copaluacu, 3°42'59"S, 75°26'0"W, 8.xii.2009, Malaise trap, 165 m. (L. Sulca leg.), 12, ZMUT; Dept. Madre de Dios, Los Amigos, 24—31.vii.2008, E: 380792, 164/N: 8610919,14, Malaise trap, a.s.1.: 280.5 (I. Gomez leg.), 14, ZMUT: idem, but Tambopata, Explore’s inn, 12°50'30"S, 69°17'31"W, 6.vii.2009, Malaise trap, 161 m. (M. Alvarado leg.), 19, ZMUT; Cusco, Reserva Comunal Amarakaeri, 12°55'S, 70°51'W, 333-884 m., 17.ix—-14.xi.2010, Malaise trap (M. Vilchez & C. leg.), 12 and 25:3, ZMUT; idem, but La Convencién, Echarate, San Martin Norte, 11°45'18.8"S, 72°42'26"W, 430 msnm, 10—14.xi.2010 (B. Medina & Z. Bravo leg.), 14, ZMUT; idem, but Pagoreni Camp., 465m., 11°47'05,4"S, 72°42'03"W, 25.ix.1998, Flight intercept trap, Camisea Project, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 23.ix.1998, 334, ZMUT; idem, but 5.v.1998, 243, ZMUT. Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 67 Figures 16-30. Heads of Hymenoepimecis spp. (females), dorsal view 16 H. andina sp. nov. (holotype) 17 7. bicolor \8 ZH. castilloi sp. nov. (holotype) 19 H. dolichocarinata sp. nov. (holotype) 20 H. duckensis 21 H. ecuatoriana sp. nov. (holotype) 22 H. kleini 23 H. longilobus sp. nov. (holotype) 24 H. manauara 25 H. neotropica 26 H. pucallpina sp. nov. (holotype) 27 H. rafaelmartinezi sp. nov. (holotype) 28 H. ribeiroi 29 H. tedfordi 30 H. uberensis. Hymenoepimecis castilloi Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov. http://zoobank.org/BE9BBA7 1-5809-4E5C-AA94-6C59F601E7B0 Figures 3, 18, 33, 48, 63, 78 Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from all other Hymenoepimecis by the combination of the following characters: 1) head in dorsal view with gena short and 68 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) Figures 31-45. Head and part of mesosoma of Hymenoepimecis spp. (females), lateral view 31 H. an- dina sp. nov. (holotype) 32 H. bicolor 33 H. castilloi sp. nov. (holotype) 34 H. dolichocarinata sp. nov. (holotype), arrow shows the epicnemial carina 35 H. duckensis 36 H. ecuatoriana sp. nov. (holotype) 37 ZH. kleini 38 H. longilobus sp. nov. (holotype) 39 H. manauara 40 H. neotropica 4\ H. pucallpina sp. nov. (holotype) 42 H. rafaelmartinezi sp. nov. (holotype) 43 H. ribeiroi 44 H. tedfordi, arrow shows the epicnemial carina 45 7. uberensis. slightly convex behind eyes; 2) posterior ocelli separated from eyes by approx. 0.7 times its own maximum diameter; 3) occipital carina only slightly projected and not curved upwards dorsally; 4) ovipositor 1.1 times as long as hind tibia; 5) mesosoma Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 69 orange, with propleuron, metapleuron (except its posterior margin whitish), and pro- podeum darkish brown; 6) metasoma darkish brown. Description. Female. Body approx. [6.0] mm; face [0.9] times as broad as high (from supraclypeal suture to base of antenna), smooth, flat with few spaced bristles later- ally; head in dorsal view, with gena short and slightly convex behind eyes; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by [0.7] times its own maximum diameter; occipital carina little pro- jected and not curved upwards dorsally. Pronotum as long as high, smooth and polished, with distance from tegula to head greater than approx. [0.7] times distance from tegula to hind margin of propodeum, and in anterior part with opening pocket-like structure not reduced longitudinally; mesoscutum smooth and polished; scutellum, in profile, convex; mesopleuron smooth and polished, with posterodorsal part bearing sparse, fine setiferous punctures; metapleuron smooth and polished, with a few sparse, fine setifer- ous punctures; propodeum smooth, polished, with sparse, fine setiferous punctures and with lateral longitudinal carina present only posteriorly. Fore wing [5.0] mm; cu-a more or less interstitial to the base of Rs&¢M; 2rs-m approx. [0.3] times as long as abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu; hind wing with abscissa of Cul meet cu-a equidistant between 1A and M. Hind leg with tibia + tarsus approx. [0.6] times fore wing length; tarsal claw with more or less square basal lobe with apex of claw slightly overtaking the lobe. Metasoma slender; tergite I [2.0] times as long as posteriorly width, centrally quite strongly convex with lateral carinae present only at extreme anterior end flanking the anterior concavity; sternite I with a low, rounded swelling posteriorly; tergite I] approx. [1.4] times as long as posteriorly width; tergites I-IV approx. [1.1] times as long as posteriorly width; ovipositor [1.1] times as long as hind tibia. Colour. Head black with apical margin of clypeus and mouthparts (except apex of mandible) yellowish; antenna brownish. Mesosoma orange, with propleuron, metapleu- ron (except its posterior margin whitish), and propodeum darkish brown. Fore and mid leg orange, the hind leg darkish brown. Wings hyaline; pterostigma brownish. Meta- soma darkish brown; ovipositor brownish with base and apex whitish, sheath brownish. Male. Unknown. Distribution. Peru (Andes) (Fig. 108). Biological notes. Host unknown. Etymology. This species is named in honour of Carol Castillo, collector of the type specimen. Carol is a Peruvian entomologist and has studied Darwin wasps in the tropi- cal Andes. She has discovered and/or described a large number of new species. Type material. Holotype 2 . Peru, Cusco, Coshipata valley, San Pedro, 13°03'23"S, 71°32'55"W, 1520 m., 24.x.2007, Malaise trap (C. Castillo leg.), MUSM. Comments. Hymenoepimecis castilloi sp. nov. closely resembles H. tedfordi Gauld, 1991 and Hymenoepimecis andina sp. nov., mainly by having fore wing hyaline and metasoma darkish. It differs from H. tedfordi by having mesosoma orange, with pro- pleuron, metapleuron (except its posterior margin whitish), and propodeum darkish brown, hind legs entirely brownish and occipital carina short (mesosoma orange, with propleuron, pronotum, dorsal half of metapleuron, and propodeum blackish hind leg with coxa whitish and femur, tibia, and tarsus orange and occipital carina long, in 70 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) H. tedfordi). \t differs from H. andina sp. nov. by having mesosoma orange, with pro- pleuron, metapleuron (except its posterior margin whitish) and propodeum darkish brown and metasoma darkish brown without whitish bands anteriorly (propodeum orange and metasoma darkish brown, with whitish lateral marks on anterior margins of tergites II-V in H. andina sp. nov.). Hymenoepimecis dolichocarinata Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov. http://zoobank.org/66F48B80-3F42-4EDB-8B3B-DA1D9DB4ABD0 Figures 4, 19, 34, 49, 64, 79, 99 Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from all other Hymenoepimecis by the combination of the following characters: 1) epicnemial carina present ventrally, ex- tending to the level of the lower corner of the pronotum laterally; 2) wings slightly yellowish hyaline; 3) margin of the gena flat behind the eyes; 4) metasoma orange, with posterior margins of tergites H—-IV narrowly black, tergites V+ black. Description. Female. Body approx. [13.0] 11.5-13.0 mm; face [1.0] 0.9-1.0 times as broad as high, smooth, slightly convex with few spaced bristles; head in dorsal view, with margin of gena flat behind eyes; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by ap- prox. [0.6] 0.5—0.6 times its own maximum diameter; occipital carina little projected, slightly curved upwards in the mediodorsal part. Pronotum more or less long, smooth and polished, with distance from tegula to head greater than [0.6] 0.5—0.6 times dis- tance from tegula to hind margin of propodeum, and in anterior part with opening pocket-like structure not reduced longitudinally; mesoscutum smooth and polished; scutellum, in profile, convex; mesopleuron smooth and polished, with anterodorsal and posterodorsal parts bearing sparse, fine setiferous punctures; epicnemial carina present ventrally, extending until reaching the level of lower corner of pronotum lat- erally; metapleuron smooth and polished, rather uniformly covered with sparse, fine setiferous punctures. Fore wing approx. [10.0] 9.0-11.0 mm; cu-a interstitial to the base Rs&M; 2rs-m approx. [0.6] times as long as abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu; hind wing with abscissa of Cul meeting cu-a equidistant between M and 1A. Hind leg with tibia + tarsus [0.6] 0.55—0.6 times the fore wing length; tarsal claw with more or less square lobe, with apex slightly overtaking the lobe. Metasoma slender; ter- gite I [1.6] 1.5—1.6 times as long as posteriorly width, centrally quite strongly convex with lateral carinae present only at extreme anterior end flanking the anterior concav- ity; sternite I with a low, rounded swelling posteriorly; tergite II [1.4] 1.3-1.4 times as long as posteriorly width; tergites III and IV approx. [1.5] 1.2—1.5 times as long as posteriorly width; ovipositor [1.45] 1.3-1.5 times as long as hind tibia. Colour. Head black; clypeus yellowish, with base slightly black; mouthparts yel- lowish, with apex mandible black; antenna brownish. Mesosoma orange. Fore and mid leg orange, the hind leg orange, with femur, tibia, and tarsus brownish. Wings slightly yellowish hyaline; pterostigma brown. Metasoma orange, with tergites J—-V with lateral marks on posterior margins black and tergites V+ brownish; ovipositor and sheath brown. Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis al Figures 46-60. Sternite I of Hymenoepimecis spp. (females), lateral view 46 H. andina sp. nov. (holo- type) 47 H. bicolor 48 H. castilloi sp. nov. (holotype) 49 H. dolichocarinata sp. nov. (holotype) 50 H. duckensis §\ H. ecuatoriana sp. nov. (holotype) 52 H. kleini 53 H. longilobus sp. nov. (holotype) 54 H. manauara 55 H. neotropica 56 H. pucallpina sp. nov. (holotype) 57 H. rafaelmartinezi sp. nov. (holotype) 58 ZH. ribeiroi 59 H. tedfordi 60 H. uberensis. Male. (Fig. 99). Similar to female in structure and colouration, but with body with 5.0-7.0 mm; face 0.9—1.1 times as broad as high; head in dorsal view, with margin of gena short, slightly convex behind eyes; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by ap- prox. 0.8 times its own maximum diameter; occipital carina not projected. Fore wing 4.0—6.0 mm; cu-a more or less interstitial to the base Rs8&¢M; 2rs-m 0.3—0.4 times as long as abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu. Tarsal claw simple. Metasoma slender; e) Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) tergite | 1.6—1.7 times as long as posteriorly width; tergite II approx. 1.3 times as long as posteriorly width; tergites I and IV 1.2 times as long as posteriorly width. Variation. Tergite V black with anterior margin orange or apical half orange and basal half-black. Three females from French Guiana (Saiil city) presented margin of gena slightly convex. We think they are conspecific, but we are not treating them as paratypes. Distribution. Ecuador**, French Guiana and Peru (Fig. 107). Biological notes. Host unknown. Etymology. The specific name refers to the long epicnemial carina, reaching the level of the lower corner of the pronotum laterally. Type material. Holotype 2. Peru, Dept. of Loreto, Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, APHI, 29.i—20.ii.2000, Malaise trap I1, (I.E. Saaksjarvi et al. leg.), MUSM. Paratypes: Peru: idem holotype, 12, ZMUT; Dept. of Loreto, Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, 20.ii-8. iii.2000, white sand, Malaise trap (Saaksjarvi et al. leg.), APHI, G2/2, 12, MUSM; idem, but 30°57'84"S, 73°25'39"W, 5—11.xii.2011 (Gémez & Saaksjarvi leg.), 19, ZMUT; idem, but H2 (16), 21.xii.2000, 12, ZMUT; idem, but J1, 1.xii.2000, 19, ZMUT. Ecuapor: Dept. Orellana, Onkonegare, 00°39'25,7"S, 76°27'10,8"W, a.s.L.: 216 m., 08.ii.1996, Fogging (TL. Erwin leg.), Lot #1473, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 30.ix.1996, Lot #1677, 14, ZMUT. Other material. FRENCH GUIANA, Saiil, 27.xii or viii.2011 [sic], Malaise trap (with- out collector), 12, ZMUT; idem, but 7.v.2012, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 13.xii.2011, 12, ZMUT. Comments. Hymenoepimecis dolichocarinata sp. nov. closely resembles H. japi Sobczak, Loffredo, Penteado-Dias & Gonzaga, 2009, H. sooretama Sobczak, Loffre- do, Penteado-Dias & Gonzaga, 2009 and H. manauara Padua & Oliveira mainly by having weak black lateral marks on posterior margins of tergites II-V and by having sternite I with a low, rounded swelling posteriorly, but it differs from them mainly by having epicnemial carina present (absent in all other mentioned species). Hymenoepimecis duckensis Padua & Onody, 2015 Figures 5, 20, 35, 50, 65, 80, 100 Hymenoepimecis duckensis Padua & Onody, 2015: 181. Diagnosis. See Padua et al. (2015). Distribution. Brazil, Ecuador**, French Guiana* and Peru* (Fig. 109). Biological notes. Host unknown. Material examined. FRENcH GutAna: M. de Kaw, Patawa (PM), ii.2003 (O. Morvan leg.), 1¢ and 12, ZMUT; idem, but 3.iii.2003, 14 and 12, ZMUT. Ec- uapor: Dept. Orellana, Onkonegare, 00°39'25,7"S, 76°27'10,8"W, a.s.l: 216 m., 4.x.1996, Fogging, Lot #1758 (T.L. Erwin leg.), 14, ZMUT; idem, but 6.x.1995, Lot Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis Figures 61-66. Habitus of Hymenoepimecis spp. (females), lateral view 61 H. andina sp. nov. (holotype) 62, H. bicolor 63 H. castilloi sp. nov. (holotype) 64 H. dolichocarinata sp. nov. (holotype) 65 H. duckensis 66 77. ecuatoriana sp. nov. (holotype). 74 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) #1217, 15, ZMUT; idem, but Tiputini, 00°37'55"S, 76°08'39"'W, a.s.1.: 220-250 m., 28.x.1998, Lot #1955, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 00°39'25,7"S, 76°27'10,8"W, 216.3 m., 5.ii.1996, Lot #1422, 14, ZMUT; Napo province, Yasuni National Park, PUCE, 00°38'S, 76°36'W, 20.xi.1998, Malaise trap (T. Pape & B. Viklund leg.), 14, ZMUT. Peru: Loreto, Alto Nanay, Albarenga north, 195 m., 18M 05.30961S, 96.46100W, 20.xi.2008 (C. Castillo leg.), 14, ZMUT; idem, but Qda. Pucacuro, Bosque de terraza media, 18M 05.01611S,97.26184W, 173 m., 24.x.2008, Malaise trap (M. Vilchez leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but Iquitos area Allpahuayo, 29.vi-16.vii.2000, Malaise trap, white sand (I.E. Saaksjarvi & et al.), APHI, E1/9, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 30°57'49"S, 73°24'93"W, 3-9.x.2011 (Gomez & Saaksjarvi leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but clay (I.E. Saaksjarvi et al. leg.), 22.v—11.vi.2000, J1 (7), 12, ZMUT. Hymenoepimecis ecuatoriana Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov. http://zoobank.org/D27F8C9C-3B30-4690-A01C-79723F7B1A1 1 Figures 622 1,°36)51,,°66; 34 Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from all other Hymenoepimecis by the combination of the following characters: 1) fore wing hyaline yellowish, with two blackish bands; 2) pronotum orange; 3) female with tarsal claw with more or less square lobe, and with apex overtaking the lobe; 4) female with ovipositor 1.2 times as long as hind tibia. Description. Female. Body [9.0] mm; face [1.0] times as broad as high, smooth, slightly convex with few spaced bristles; head in dorsal view, with gena strongly nar- rowed behind eyes; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by approx. [1.0] times its own maximum diameter; occipital carina projected and weakly reduced and curved upwards dorsally. Pronotum long, smooth and polished, with distance from tegula to head approx. [0.8] times distance from tegula to hind margin of propodeum, and in anterior part with opening pocket-like structure not reduced longitudinally; mes- oscutum smooth and polished; scutellum, in profile, convex; mesopleuron smooth and polished, with anterodorsal and posterodorsal parts bearing sparse, fine setifer- ous punctures; metapleuron smooth and polished, rather uniformly covered with sparse, fine setiferous punctures; propodeum smooth, polished, with sparse, fine setiferous punctures and with lateral longitudinal carina present only posteriorly. Fore wing [7.0] mm; cu-a more or less interstitial to the base of Rs&M; 2rs-m [0.5] times as long as abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu; hind wing with abscissa of Cul meeting cu-a equidistant between M and 1A. Hind leg with tibia + tarsus [0.6] times the fore wing length; tarsal claw with more or less square lobe, with apex of claw overtaking the lobe. Metasoma slender; tergite I [1.4] times as long as posteriorly width, centrally quite strongly convex with lateral carinae present only at extreme anterior end flanking the anterior concavity; sternite I with a low, rounded swelling posteriorly; tergite II approx. [1.2] times as long as posteriorly width; ter- gites III and IV approx. [1.1] times as long as posteriorly width; ovipositor [1.2] times as long as hind tibia. Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 7 Figures 67-71. Habitus of Hymenoepimecis spp. (females), lateral view 67 H. kleini 68 H. longilobus sp. nov. (holotype) 69 1. manauara 10 H. neotropica 7\ H. pucallpina sp. nov. (holotype). Colour. Head black; clypeus black with apex yellowish; mouthparts yellowish, with apex mandible black; antenna brownish. Mesosoma orange. Fore and mid leg or- ange, the hind entirely blackish brown. Fore wing hyaline yellowish, with apex blackish and with a blackish preapical band; pterostigma with basal half black and apical half yellow; hind wing with slightly blackish band in median part. Metasoma orange, with tergites VI+ black; ovipositor and sheath brownish. 76 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) Male. Unknown. Distribution. Ecuador™ (Fig. 109). Biological notes. Host unknown. Etymology. The specific name refers to Ecuador. Type material. Holotype 2. Ecuapor, Dept. Orellana, Yasuni, 00°37'55"S, 76°08'39"W, a.s.L.: 220-250 m., 5.ii.1999, Fogging, Lot #2086 (TL. Erwin leg.), ZMUT. Comments. Hymenoepimecis ecuatoriana sp. nov. closely resembles H. neotropica (Brues & Richardson, 1913), Hymenoepimecis longilobus sp. nov. and H. duckensis Pad- ua & Onody, 2015 mainly by having the fore wing yellowish hyaline with two blackish bands, metasoma orange with last tergites black and face without a sculptured, longi- tudinal carina in the middle part of face. It differs from the first and second congeneric species by having tarsal claw with a more or less square lobe (tarsal claw with a preapi- cal tooth, in 1. neotropica and lobe longitudinally elongated in H. longilobus sp. nov.), and from the last species by having the ovipositor < 1.3 times as long as hind tibia (> 1.5 times as long as hind tibia in H. duckensis). Hymenoepimecis kleini Padua & Sobczak, 2015 Figutes:7, 22,37, 52,-67,.82%101 Hymenoepimecis kleini Padua & Sobczak, 2015: 183. Diagnosis. See Padua et al. (2015). Male. (Fig. 101). Similar to female in structure and colouration, but with hind leg black, except coxa, with basal part orange; body approx. 8.0 mm; face a approx. 1.1 times as broad as high; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by approx. 0.8 times its own maximum diameter. Fore wing approx. 6.0 mm; 2rs-m approx. 0.2 times as long as abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu. Tarsal claw simple. Metasoma slender; tergite I approx. 1.6 times as long as posteriorly width; tergite II approx. 1.4 times as long as posteriorly width; tergites HI and IV approx. 1.3 times as long as posteriorly width. Distribution. Brazil, Ecuador** and Peru* (Fig. 107). Biological notes. Host unknown. Material examined. Ecuapor, Dept. Orellana, Onkonegare, 00°39'25,7"S, 76°27'10,8"W, a.s.L: 216.3 m., 21.vi.1996, Fogging, Lot # 1543 (ILL. Erwin et al. leg.), 14, ZMUT. Peru: Cusco, Cashiariari, 11°52'S, 72°39'W, 24.xi.1997, 690 m. (S. Cordova leg.), 12, ZMUT. Hymenoepimecis longilobus Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov. http://zoobank.org/8FFC8 1 FF-D55A-4C66-A274-8EA5EAA3 164F Figures 8, 23, 38, 53, 68, 83, 102 Diagnosis. ‘This species can be distinguished from all other Hymenoepimecis by the combination of the following characters: 1) fore wing hyaline yellowish, with two Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis Tel. Figures 72-75. Habitus of Hymenoepimecis spp. (females), lateral view 72 H. rafaelmartinezi sp. nov. (holotype) 73 H. ribeiroi 14 H. tedfordi 15 H. uberensis. blackish bands; 2) pronotum orange (Peruvian specimens with anterior margin of the pronotum blackish); 3) female with tarsal claw with a longitudinally elongated lobe, and with apex overtaking the lobe; 4) female with ovipositor 1.5—1.6 times as long as hind tibia. Description. Female. Body approx. [15.0] 12.0-15.0 mm; face [1.1] 1.0-1.1 times as broad as high, smooth, slightly convex with few spaced bristles; head in dorsal view, with gena strongly narrowed behind eyes; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by approx. [0.9] 0.8—1.0 times its own maximum diameter; occipital carina projected and curved upwards dorsally. Pronotum long, smooth and polished, with distance from tegula to head greater than approx. [0.7] 0.6—0.7 times distance from tegula to hind margin of propodeum, and in anterior part with opening pocket-like structure not reduced longitudinally; mesoscutum smooth and polished; scutellum, in profile, convex; mesopleuron smooth and polished, with anterodorsal and posterodorsal parts bearing sparse, fine setiferous punctures; metapleuron smooth and polished, rather uniformly covered with sparse, fine setiferous punctures; propodeum smooth, pol- ished, with sparse, fine setiferous punctures and with lateral longitudinal carina present only posteriorly. Fore wing approx. [13.0] 9.0—13.0 mm; cu-a interstitial to the base of 78 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) L Po eames = ths. Figures 76-90. Tarsal claws of Hymenoepimecis spp. (females), lateral view 76 H. andina sp. nov. (holo- type) 77 H. bicolor 18 H. castilloi sp. nov. (holotype) 79 H. dolichocarinata sp. nov. (holotype) 80 H. duckensis 8\ H. ecuatoriana sp. nov. (holotype) 82 H. kleini 83 H. longilobus sp. nov. (holotype) 84 H. manauara 85 H. neotropica 86 H. pucallpina sp. nov. (holotype) 87 H. rafaelmartinezi sp. nov. (holotype) 88 7. ribeiroi 89 H. tedfordi 90 H. uberensis. Rs&M; 2rs-m [0.55] 0.5—0.6 times as long as abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu; hind wing with abscissa of Cul meeting cu-a equidistant between M and 1A. Hind leg with tibia + tarsus [0.6] times the fore wing length; tarsal claw with longitudinally elongated lobe, with apex of claw overtaking the lobe. Metasoma slender; tergite I [1.6] times as long as posteriorly width, centrally quite strongly convex with lateral carinae present only at extreme anterior end flanking the anterior concavity; sternite I with a low, rounded swelling posteriorly; tergite I] approx. [1.2] 1.2—1.4 times as long as posteriorly width; tergites I and IV approx. [1.1] 1.1—1.3 times as long as posteriorly width; ovipositor approx. [1.6] 1.5—1.6 times as long as hind tibia. Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 72 Colour. Head black; clypeus black with apex yellowish; mouthparts yellowish, with apex mandible black; antenna brownish. Mesosoma orange. Fore and mid leg orange, the hind entirely blackish brown except base of coxa orange. Fore wing hyaline yellowish, with apex blackish and with a blackish preapical band; pterostigma with basal half black and apical half yellow; hind wing with slightly blackish band in me- dian part. Metasoma orange, with posterior margin black in tergite V and tergites VI+ black; ovipositor and sheath brownish. Male. (Fig. 102). Similar to female in structure and colouration, but with hind coxa orange body with 10.5—12.0 mm; face 1.0 times as broad as high; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by 0.8-1.0 times its own maximum diameter. Fore wing 8.0-— 10.0 mm; 2rs-m 0.3—0.5 times as long as abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu. Tarsal claw simple. Metasoma slender; tergite I 1.6—-1.7 times as long as posteriorly width; tergite Il 1.2—1.5 times as long as posteriorly width; tergites II and IV 1.0-1.3 times as long as posteriorly width. Variation. The Peruvian specimens have anterior margin of pronotum blackish. Some specimens have tergite V entirely black or black with anterior margin orange; hind coxa orange with basal part blackish. Distribution. Ecuador**, French Guiana* and Peru* (Fig. 110). Biological notes. Host unknown. Etymology. The specific name refers the longitudinally elongated lobe in tarsal claw of the females. Type material. Holotype 2°. FreENcH Guiana, M. de Kaw, Patawa, ix.2003, (J. Cerda leg.), ZMUT. Paratypes: FRENCH Guana: idem holotype, but vii.2003, 19, ZMUT; idem, but xi.2001, 14 and 19, ZMUT; idem, but xii.2001, 12, ZMUT; idem, but ii.2003 (O. Morvan leg.), 1¢, ZMUT. Ecuapor: Dept. Orellana, Onkon- egare, 00°39'25,7"S, 76°27'10,8"W, a.s.l.: 216 m., 23.vi.1996, Fogging, Lot #1616 (T.L. Erwin leg.), 14, ZMUT. Peru: Dept. of Loreto, Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, 22.ii— 7.iii.2000, white sand, Malaise trap (Saaksjarvi et al. leg.), APHI, E1/2, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 14.ix—4.x.2000, clay, APHI, H1/13, 12, ZMUT; idem, but G1(15), 8.xi.2000, 19, ZMUT. Comments. Hymenoepimecis longilobus sp. nov. closely resembles H. neotropica (Brues & Richardson, 1913), Hymenoepimecis ecuatoriana sp. nov. and H. duckensis Padua & Onody, 2015 mainly by having the fore wing yellowish hyaline with two blackish bands and metasoma orange with last tergites black. It differs from all of these species by having tarsal claw with a longitudinally elongated lobe (tarsal claw with a preapical tooth in H. neotropica and a more or less square lobe in H. ecuatoriana sp. nov. and H. duckensis). Hymenoepimecis manauara Padua & Oliveira, 2015 Figures 9, 24, 39, 54, 69, 84, 103 Fymenoepimecis manauara Padua & Oliveira, 2015: 185. 80 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) Figures 91-96. Hymenoepimecis spp. 91, 92 fore wing, showing colour pattern. (91) A. veranii (92) H. argyraphaga 93 H. robertsae, propodeum and hind leg, showing colour pattern, lateral view 94 H. heteropus, propodeum and metasoma, showing colour pattern, lateral view 95 H. amazonensis (female), tarsal claw, lateral view 96 H. argyraphaga, mesosoma, lateral view: Arrow “A” shows epicnemial carina and arrow “B” shows submetapleural carina. Diagnosis. See Padua et al. (2015). Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana*, Ecuador** and Peru* (Fig. 111). Biological notes. Parasitoid of Leucauge henryi Mello-Leitao, 1940 (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) (Padua et al. 2016). Material examined. FRENCH Guiana, M. de Kaw, Patawa, xi.2002 (PM) (J. Cerda leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but iii.2003, Malaise trap, 12, ZMUT; idem, but i.2002, 19, ZMUT; idem, but x.2001, 12, ZMUT; idem, but xi.2001, 2292, ZMUT; idem, but iii.2002, 22° [one without head], ZMUT; idem, but ix.2003, 229, ZMUT; idem, but pk 35, x.2002, 12, ZMUT; idem, but ii.2003 (O. Morvan leg.), 12, ZMUT; Kourou, piste Soumourou, 2—19.iv.2002 (D. Faure leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but 12.v-10.vi.2002, 12, ZMUT; Montagne des Chevaux, 4.ix.2011 (SLAM leg.), 1¢ and 19, ZMUT. Ecuapor: Napo province, Yasuni National Park, 00°38'S, 76°36'W, PUCE, Malaise trap, 20.xi.1998, Malaise trap (IT. Pape & B. Viklund leg), NHRS, 42 9, ZMUT; Dept. Orellana, Tiputini, 00°37'55"S, 76°08'39"W,, a.s.1.: 220-250 m., 9.ii.1999, Fogging, Lot #2001 (T.L. Erwin et al. leg.), 14, ZMUT; idem, but Yasuni, 00°37'55"S, 76°08'39"W, 5.vii.1998, Lot #1896, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 21.x.1998, Lot #1987, 13, ZMUT; idem, but Onkonegare, 00°39'25,7"S, 76°27'10,8"W, a.s.l.: Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 81 216 m., 6.x.1995, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 4.ii.1996, Lot #1416, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 9.ii.1995, Lot #984, 192, ZMUT; idem, but 30.ix.1996, Lot #1678, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 6.vii.1995, Lot #1130, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 8.x.1995, Lot #1263, 19, ZMUT. Peru: Dept. Madre de Dios, Los Amigos, 380304.85E/8611305.81, a.s.l.: 290 m., 26.vi-3.vii.2008 (I. Gémez leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but 7—-14.viii.2008, 19, ZMUT; idem, but 14—21.viii.2008, 229, ZMUT; idem, but Tambopata, Explorer’s inn, 12°50'30"S, 69°17'31"W, 161 m., 15.vi.2009, Colecta manual (M. Alvarado leg.), 12, ZMUT; Cusco, La Convencién, Echarate, CC Timpia, 12°06'47,04'S, 72°49'34,56"W, 519 m., Bosque himedo de montana, 29.i.2010, Light (C. Espinoza & E. Razuri leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but Reserva Comunal Amarakaeri, 12°55'S, 70°51'W, 333-884 m., 17.ix—14.xi.2010, Malaise trap (M. Vilchez & C. Castillo leg.), 19, ZMUT; Loreto, Qda. Pucacuro, 18M 0501611E/9726184N, Bosque de terraza media, 173 m., 24.x.2008, Malaise trap. (M. Vilchez leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but Pucallpa, 2011 (I. Gémez leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, 30°58'00"S, 73°25'16"W, 24-30.x.2011 (Gomez & Saaksjarvi leg.), 19, ZMUT; idem, but 17-23.x.2011, 19, ZMUT; idem, but 26.ix-2.x.2011, 19, ZMUT; idem, but 4-10.vii.2011, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 14—20.xi.2011, 12, ZMUT; idem, but iv.2011, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 31.x—6.xi.2011, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 28.xi—4. xii.2011, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 25-31.vii.2011, 222, ZMUT; idem, but 22-28. viii.2011, 229, ZMUT: idem, but 7-13.xi.2011, 299, ZMUT; idem, but white sand, 24.iii-16.iv.2000 (Saaksjarvi et al. leg.), APHI, E2/4, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 1.xii—15.xii.2000, E1(17), 12, ZMUT; idem, but J1, 1.xii.2000, 12, ZMUT. Hymenoepimecis neotropica (Brues & Richardson, 1913) Figures 10, 25, 40, 55, 70, 85 Epimecis neotropica Brues & Richardson, 1913: 495. Hymenoepimecis neotropica (Brues & Richardson): Viereck, 1912: 149 Diagnosis. See Padua et al. (2015). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Brazil, Guiana, Ecuador** and Peru* (Fig. 112). Biological notes. Parasitoid of Araneus omnicolor (Keyserling, 1893) (Araneae: Araneidae) (Sobczak et al. 2012). Material examined. Ecuapor, Dept. Orellana, Tiputini, 00°37'55"S, 76°08'39"W, a.s.l.: 220-250 m., 29.vi.1998, Fogging, Lot #1801 (T.L. Erwin et al. leg.), 19, ZMUT. Peru: Loreto, Maynas, Bosque riberefo, 18M 533166E/9583208N, 129 m., 23.vii.2008, Manual (C. Castillo leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but 18M 596425E/9520800N, 102 m., Pantano arbéreo, 8.vii.2008, 12, ZMUT; idem, but Pantano herbaceo, 18M 598912E/9522935N, 117 m., 12.vii.2008, Manual, 12, ZMUT; idem, but Alto Nanay, Qda. Lobilios, 119 m., Bosque de arena blan- ca, 18M 0565793E/9610621N, 20.xii.2008, Colecta manual, 12, ZMUT; idem, Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) Figures 97-102. Habitus of Hymenoepimecis spp. (males), lateral view 97 H. andina sp. nov. (paratype) 98 H. bicolor 99 H. dolichocarinata sp. nov. (paratype) 100 H. duckensis 101 H. kleini 102 H. longilobus sp. nov. (paratype). but 10.xii.2008, Bosque de arena blanca, 12, ZMUT; idem, but Albarenga north, 195 m., Colinas fuertmnt. Disect. [sic], 183M 9646100N, 05309G61E, 20.xi.2008, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 130 m., 18M 0532028E/9647431N, Bosque de Terraza me- dia, 11.xi.2008, 12, ZMUT; idem, but Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, 22.v—11.vi.2000, Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 83 Malaise trap, white sand (I.E. Saaksjarvi et al. leg.), APHI, E3/7, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 16.vii—02.viii.2000, clay, APHI, J1/10, 192, ZMUT; idem, but 04—17.x.2000, APHI, H1/14, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 30°58'00"S, 73°25'16"W, 12—18.ix.2011 (Gémez & Saaksjarvi leg.), 19, ZMUT; idem, but Pucallpa, 7.vi.1963 (JJ.M. Schunke leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but Rio Nanay, ca. Diamante azul, Colinas fuertmnt dis- ect [sic], 131 m., 18M 638497E/9570148N, 10.xi.2008, Manual (L. Huerto leg.), 12, ZMUT idem, but Dept. of Loreto, Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, Malaise trap, (I.E. Saaksjarvi et al. leg.), 11-16.viii.2000, 12, ZMUT; idem, but J1, 20.1.2001, 19, ZMUT; idem, but F1(3), 8.iii.2000, 192, ZMUT; idem, but I1 (11), 18.vii.2000, 12, ZMUT; Madre de Dios, Tambopata, NNRR, Explorer’s inn, 12°50'S, 69°17'W, 189 msnm, 15-18.v.2008 (L. Figueroa & M. Alvarado leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but 18—19.xii.2008, Malaise trap (M. Alvarado & L. Sulca leg.), 12, ZMUT. Hymenoepimecis pucallpina Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov. http://zoobank.org/67 DODB27-DACB-42CB-8634-F4BD43FDB95A Figures 11, 26, 41, 56, 71, 86 Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from all other Hymenoepimecis by the combination of the following characters: 1) fore wing black, with a yellowish band between junction of vein R1 up to pterostigma until half vein M; 2) metasoma entirely black; 3) hind leg black; 4) occipital carina projected and curved upwards dorsally. Description. Female. Body approx. [16.0] mm; face [1.0] times as broad as high, smooth, slightly convex with few spaced bristles; head in dorsal view, with gena slightly narrowed behind eyes; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by approx. [1.2] times its own maximum diameter; occipital carina projected and curved upwards dorsally. Pro- notum long, smooth and polished, with distance from tegula to head greater than [0.6] times distance from tegula to hind margin of propodeum, and in anterior part with opening pocket-like structure not reduced longitudinally; mesoscutum smooth and polished; scutellum, in profile, convex; mesopleuron smooth and polished, with anterodorsal and posterodorsal parts bearing sparse, fine setiferous punctures; meta- pleuron smooth and polished, with a few sparse, fine setiferous punctures; propodeum smooth, polished, with sparse, fine setiferous punctures and with lateral longitudinal carina present only posteriorly. Fore wing approx. [13.0] mm; cu-a interstitial to the base of Rs&¢M; 2rs-m approx. [0.75] times as long as abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu; hind wing with abscissa of Cul meet cu-a equidistant between 1A and M. Hind leg with tibia + tarsus [0.6] times the fore wing length; tarsal claw with more or less square basal lobe with apex of claw overtaking the lobe. Metasoma slender; tergite I [1.6] times as long as posteriorly width, centrally quite strongly convex with lateral carinae present only at extreme anterior end flanking the anterior concavity; sternite | with a low, rounded swelling posteriorly; tergite H approx. [1.3] times as long as poste- riorly width; tergites III-IV approx. [1.2] times as long as posteriorly width; ovipositor [1.6] times as long as hind tibia. 84 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) aelmartinezi sp. nov. (paratype) 105 H. ribeiroi 106 H. uberensis. Colour. Head black with apical margin of clypeus and mouthparts (except apex mandible black) yellowish; antenna blackish. Mesosoma entirely orange. Fore and mid leg orange, the hind leg black. Fore wing black, with basal region yellowish and with a yellowish band between junction of vein R1 up to pterostigma until half vein M; pterostigma black, except apical margin yellowish; hind wing black with basal region and apex yellowish. Metasoma entirely black; ovipositor brownish with apex reddish brown, sheath blackish. Male. Unknown. Distribution. Peru (Fig. 109). Biological notes. Host unknown. Etymology. The specific name refers to the name given to people born in the city of Pucallpa, Peru. Type material. Holotype 2. Peru, Dept. Loreto, Pucallpa, 15.iv.1950 (J.M. Schunke leg.), B.M. 1950-559 [sic], NHM. Paratypes: Dept. Huanuco, Tingo Maria, Cueva de Las Pavas, 23—27.vii.1982 (C. Porter & T. O'neill leg.), 62 29, FSCA; idem, but 12—15.vii.1974 (C. Porter & L. Stange leg.), 29 9, FSCA; idem, but 20—27.1.1968 (A. Garcia & C. Porter leg.), 12, FSCA. Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 85 Comments. Hymenoepimecis pucallpina sp. nov. closely resembles H. uberensis Padua & Onody, 2015 and H. ribeiroi Padua & Oliveira, 2015 mainly by having fore wing black with a yellowish band between junctions of vein R1 up to pterostigma until half vein M. It differs from both of these species by having the metasoma entirely black and occipital carina projected, and curved upwards dorsally (occipital carina not curved upwards and with a concavity in the apex dorsally in H. uberensis, occipital carina with dorsal margin reduced, in profile view in . ribeiroi and metasoma orange, with tergites VI+ black in both species). Hymenoepimecis rafaelmartinezi Padua & Saaksjarvi, sp. nov. http://zoobank.org/59F648CD-2ED2-4E2E-9A0E-B7B609995608 Figures 12, 27, 42, 57, 72, 87, 104 Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from all other Hymenoepimecis by the combination of the following characters: 1) fore wing hyaline yellowish, with two blackish bands; 2) face sculptured below the insertion of antennae, with a longitudinal carina in the middle part; 3) occipital carina projected, not curved upwards, with a concavity in the apex dorsally; 4) pronotum with the pocket-like structure reduced longitudinally; 5) sternite I with a ventral spine-like projection posteriorly; 6) meta- soma orange, with tergites VI+ black; 7) hind leg orange, with femur, tibia and tarsus back; 8) female with tarsal claw with basal lobe more or less square and apex of claw overtaking the lobe; 9) female with ovipositor 1.0—1.2 times as long as hind tibia. Description. Female. Body approx. [10.0] 9.0—10.0 mm; face [0.9] 0.8—1.1 times as broad as high, sculptured below the insertion of antennas, with longitudinal carina in the middle part and with few bristles spaced on the lower face; head in dorsal view with gena strongly narrowed behind eyes; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by [1.0] 0.8—1.0 times its own maximum diameter; occipital carina not curved upwards, with a concavity in the apex dorsally. Pronotum long, smooth and polished, with distance from tegula to head greater than [0.5] 0.5—0.6 times distance from tegula to hind margin of propodeum, and in anterior part with opening pocket-like structure re- duced longitudinally; mesoscutum smooth and polished; scutellum, in profile, convex; mesopleuron smooth and polished, with anterodorsal and posterodorsal parts bearing sparse, fine setiferous punctures; metapleuron smooth and polished, rather uniformly covered with sparse, fine setiferous punctures; propodeum smooth, polished, with sparse, fine setiferous punctures and with lateral longitudinal carina present only pos- teriorly. Fore wing approx. [7.0] 7.0—8.0 mm; cu-a interstitial to the base of Rs&M; 2rs-m [0.3] 0.3—0.5 times as long as abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu; abscissa of Cul meeting 1m-cu equidistant between Cula and Culb; hind wing with abscissa of Cul meeting cu-a closer to 1A that M. Hind leg with tibia + tarsus [0.55] 0.5—0.6 times the fore wing length; tarsal claw with basal lobe slightly more or less square, with apex of claw overtaking the lobe. Metasoma slender; tergite I approx. [1.2] 1.2-1.4 times as long as posteriorly width, centrally quite strongly convex with lateral carinae present only at extreme anterior end flanking the anterior concavity; sternite I with 86 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) 1 O H. andina sp.n. | O) H. dolichocarinata Sp. n. © & 4. kleini op | ) 850 1700 2550 km Without record of the genus i ® H. duckensis | Oo H. ecuatoriana sp. n. im V oH. pucallpina sp. n. | Without record of the genus | 1700 2950 km © *< H. manauara | C7 H. rafaelmartinezi sp. n. Without record of the genus 1700 _ 2550 km eC OH. neotropica eo H. uberensis Without record of the genus 9 H. bicolor | ry H. castilloi sp. n. iy YH. todfordi Without record of the genus 2550 km i ¥_H. longilobus sp. n. OH. ribeiroi Without record of the genus 850 1700 2550 km 1 850 1700 2560 km Figures 107-112. Geographic distribution of the anand species in this study. a ventral projection, spine-like, posteriorly; tergite II [1.1] 1.0—1.1 times as long as posteriorly width; tergites III-IV [1.0] 1.0-1.05 times as long as posteriorly width; ovipositor [1.15] 1.0-1.2 times as long as hind tibia. Colour. Head black; clypeus with apical margin yellowish, labrum and mouthparts yellowish, except apex mandible black; antenna brown. Mesosoma orange. Fore and mid leg orange, the hind leg orange, with femur, tibia and tarsus black. Fore wing Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 87 hyaline yellowish, fore wing hyaline yellowish, with apex blackish and with a blackish preapical band; pterostigma blackish brown; hind wing blackish with base and apex slightly yellowish. Metasoma orange, with tergite V with posterior margin black and tergites VI+ black; ovipositor brownish and sheath blackish brown. Male. (Fig. 104). Similar to female in structure and colouration, but with body with 7.0—-8.5 mm; face 0.9-1.0 times as broad as high; posterior ocelli separated from eyes by 0.8—0.9 times its own maximum diameter. Fore wing 6.0—-7.0 mm; cu-a more or less interstitial to the base Rs&M; 2rs-m 0.3—0.4 times as long as abscissa of M between 2rs-m and 2m-cu. Tarsal claw tarsal claw simple. Metasoma slender; tergite | 1.3—1.6 times as long as posteriorly width; tergite II 1.0—1.1 times as long as posteri- orly width; tergites III-IV 0.95—1.1 times as long as posteriorly width. Distribution. Peru (Fig. 111). Biological notes. Host unknown. Etymology. The specific name refers to a young boy called Rafael Martinez, a friend of Yves Braet. Yves Braet has sent us many Darwin wasp samples from French Guiana, and Rafael has helped Yves in science. Type material. Holotype 2. PERu, Loreto, Maynas, Qda. Aguablanca, 151 m., Terrazas medias, 18M 0521603E/9676612N, 24.i.2009, Malaise trap (E Meza leg.), ZMUT. Paratypes: idem holotype, but 18M 534463E/9584008N, Bosque reberefo, 115 m., 23.vii. 2008, Manual (C. Castillo leg.), 14 and 192, ZMUT; idem, but Rio Itaya, Colinas fuertmnt. disect., 18M 0635650E/9528654N, 127 m., 11.ii.2009, Malaise trap (W. Paredes leg.), 14, ZMUT; idem, but Rio Copalyacu, 03°42'59"S, 75°26'00"W, 165 m., 8.xii.2009, Malaise trap (L. Sulca leg.), 14, ZMUT; idem, but Rio Urituyacu, ca. Ayahuasca, 04°09'46"S, 76°00'49"W, 146 m., 19.xi.2009, Man- ual, 12, ZMUT; idem, but Mrg. Izq. Rio Nanay, Colinas fuertmnt. disect., 18M 0574494E/9614852N, 163 m., 23.i1.2009, Flight-intercept trap (W. Paredes leg.), 19, ZMUT; idem, but Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, 2—18.viii.2000, clay, Malaise trap (Saaksjar- vi et al. leg.), APHI, H1/11, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 19.ix—4.x.2000, APHI, J2/13, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 20.ii-8.iii.2000, APHI, H2/2, 14, ZMUT; 17.x-8.xi.2000, APHI, H2/15, 14, ZMUT; idem, but APHI, H1/15, 24°35, ZMUT; idem, but 3—22.v.2000, APHI, H1/6, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 18.viii-14.ix.2000, APHI, G2/12, 14, ZMUT; idem, but APHI, H2/12, 2¢¢ and 19, ZMUT; idem, but 8.iii-24.iii.2000, APHI, H1/3, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 22.v—11.vi.2000, APHI, H1/7, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 17.iv—3.v.2000, APHI, H1/5, 244, ZMUT; idem, but 2—24.iii.2000, APHI, G1/3, 13, ZMUT; idem, but 30°57'84"S, 73°25'39"W, 5—11.xii.2011 (Gomez & Saaksjarvi et al. leg.), 13, ZMUT; idem, but 7-13.xi.2011, 14, ZMUT; Dept. of Loreto, Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, Malaise trap, (I.E. Saaksjarvi et al. leg.), H1, 23.i.2001, 13, ZMUT; idem, but H2(12), 14.ix.2000, 14, ZMUT; idem, but I1(16), 15.xii.2000, 14, ZMUT; idem, but G1(15), 8.xi.2000, 14, ZMUT; idem, but H1, 1.xii.2000, 76, 14, ZMUT; idem, but H1, 23.i.2001, 1d, ZMUT; idem, but G2(7), 11.vii.2000, 97, 1¢, ZMUT; idem, but I1, 1.xii.2000, 42, 12, ZMUT; idem, but J1, 1.xii.2000, 16, 12, ZMUT. Comments. Hymenoepimecis rafaelmartinezi sp. nov. closely resembles H. uberensis Padua & Onody, 2015, mainly by having wings bicoloured, face sculptured below the insertion of antennas, with longitudinal carina in the middle part and with a few 88 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) bristles spaced on the lower face, and by sternite I with a ventral spine-like projection posteriorly. It differs from H. uberensis mainly by having the fore wing hyaline yel- lowish with two black bands and hind leg orange, with femur, tibia and tarsus black (fore wing blackish, with yellowish hyaline band between junction of vein R1 up to pterostigma until half vein M and hind leg entirely black in H. uberensis). Hymenoepimecis ribeiroi Padua & Sobczak, 2015 Figures 13, 28, 43, 58, 73, 88, 105 Hymenoepimecis ribeiroi Padua & Sobczak, 2015: 188. Diagnosis. See Padua et al. (2015). Distribution. Brazil, French Guiana* and Peru* (Fig. 110). Biological notes. Host unknown. Material examined. FRENCH Guiana, M. de Kaw, Patawa (PM), ii.2003 (O. Mor- van leg.), 19, ZMUT; Saiil, 13.xii.2011, Malaise trap (without collector), 12 and 16, ZMUT. Ecuapor: Dept. Orellana, Onkonegare, 00°39'25,7"S, 76°27'10,8"W, a.s.L.: 216.3 m., 9.ii.1995, Fogging, Lot #985 (TL. Erwin et al. leg.), 14, ZMUT. Peru, Dept. of Loreto, Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, 17.xi—3.xii.1998, varillal, Malaise trap (I.E. Saaksjarvi, R. Jussila et al. leg.), APHI D2/7, 244, ZMUT; idem, but 17.xii-20.i.1998, APHID1/9, 14, ZMUT; idem, but APHI C2/9, 14 and 192, ZMUT; idem, but 18.ix— 4.x.1998, clay, APHI C2/3, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 4—20.x.1998, APHI C2/4, 24’, ZMUT; idem, but 7—17.x.2000 (Saaksjarvi et al. leg.), APHI, H1/14, 14, ZMUT: idem, but 11—29.vi.2000, 134, ZMUT; idem, but 17.iv—3.v.2000, APHI, H1/5, 243, ZMUT; idem, but 16.vii—2.viii.2000, APHI, H1/10, 24, ZMUT; idem, but APHI, H2/10, 19, ZMUT; idem, but APHI, 11/10, 14, ZMUT; idem, but APHI, G1/10, 13, ZMUT; idem, but 18.viii-14.ix.2000, APHI, H2/12, 24 [one without head], ZMUT; idem but APHI, 11/12, 14, ZMUT; idem, but APHI, E3/12, 19, ZMUT; idem, but APHI, J2/12, 12, ZMUT; idem, but 20.ii—2.iii.2000, white sand, APHI, G1/2, 14, ZMUT; idem but 14.ix—4.x.2000, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 19.ix—4.x.2000, APHI, 11/13, 2046, ZMUT; idem, but 15.x—8.xi.2000, APHI, 11/15, 244, ZMUT; idem, but 4-15.x.2000, APHI 11/14, 24, ZMUT; idem, but 17.x—8.i.2000, APHI, G2/15, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 30°57'84"S, 73°25'39"W, 5—11.xii.2011 (Gomez & Saaksjarvi leg.), 14, ZMUT; idem, but 14—20.xi.2011, 14, ZMUT; idem, but Mis- hana, clayish soil, 16.x—1.xi.1998 (LE. Saaksjarvi, R. Jussila et al. leg.), APHI, A1/5, 15, ZMUT; idem, but 1-16.xii.1998, clay, APHI, Al/8, 14, ZMUT; idem, but Maynas, Bosque de Terraza media, 18M 500248E/9624121N, 143 m., 2.viii.2008, Malaise trap (C. Castillo leg.), 14, ZMUT; idem but Alto Nanay, Albarenga north, 128 m., 18M 0533061E/9645180N, Terrazas bajas inund., 24.xi.2008, Flight in- tercept trap (C. Castillo leg.), 14 [without metasoma], ZMUT; idem, but 157 m., 0532439E/9646162N, Colinas bajas fuertmnt. dissect., 17.xi.2008, Colecta manu- al, 14, ZMUT; idem, but 130 m., 0532028E/9647431N, Bosque de terraza media, 29.xi.2008, Malaise trap, 24, ZMUT; idem, but 0532028E/9647431N, 28.xi.2008, Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 89 Colecta manual, 12, ZMUT; idem, but Qda. Lobillos, 119 m., 0565793E/9610621N, Colinas fuertmnt. dissect., 19.xii.2008, 19, ZMUT; Dpto. Madre de Dios, Los Amigos, 382633,452E/8610288,894N, as.L: 241.7 m., 17—24.vii.2008, Malaise trap (I. Gémez leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but Explorer’s Inn Amazon logde, 161 m., 12°50'30"S, 69°17'31" W, 13.ix.2009, Malaise trap (L. Sulca leg.), 14, ZMUT; Cusco, La Convencién, 12°19'21,26"S, 73°02'44,08"W, 792 m., Bosque premontano, 26.iv.2007, Malaise trap (W. Paredes leg.), 244, ZMUT; idem, but Echarate, CC Kitaparay, 12°12'51,79"S, 72°50'04,31"W, 608 m., 8-11.xi.2009 (C. Espinoza & E. Razuri leg.), 14, ZMUT; idem, but Reserva Comunal Amarakaeri, 12°55'S, 70°51'W, 333-884 m., 17.ix—14.xi.2010, Malaise trap (M. Vilchez & C. Castillo leg.), 243, ZMUT; Dept. of Loreto, Iquitos area, Allpahuayo, Malaise trap, (I.E. Saaksjarvi et al. leg.), H1(16), 21.xii.2000, 1, ZMUT; idem, but I1, 1.xii.2000, 14, ZMUT; idem, but I1(16), 15.xii.2000, 14, ZMUT; idem, but H1(16), 21-xii.2000, 14, ZMUT;: idem, but I1, 1.xii.2000, 14, ZMUT; idem, but I, 1.xii.2000, 14, ZMUT; idem, but I1, 20.i.2001, 14, ZMUT; idem, but H1(4), iv.2000, 14, ZMUT; idem, but I1(16), 15.xii.2000, 14, ZMUT. Hymenoepimecis tedfordi Gauld, 1991 Figures 14, 29, 44, 59, 74, 89 Hymenoepimecis tedfordi Gauld, 1991: 340. Diagnosis. This species can be distinguished from all other Hymenoepimecis by the combination of the following characters: 1) fore wing hyaline; 2) mesosoma orange with propleuron, pronotum, metapleuron ventrally, and propodeum black (metapleu- ron entirely orange in Nicaraguan specimens); 3) epicnemial carina present ventrally, sometimes visible laterally; 4) metasoma entirely blackish; 5) female with ovipositor 1.0—1.1 times as long as hind tibia. Distribution. Costa Rica and Nicaragua* (Fig. 108). Biological notes. Parasitoid of Leucauge mariana (Keyserling, 1881) (Araneae: Tetragnathidae) (Gauld, 1991; Eberhard, 2013). Material examined. Nicaracua, Jinotega, RN Cerro Kilambé, 1310 + 10 m., 13.56541/-85.69785, Pasture/cloud, forest edge, 22—26.v.2011, Malaise trap (without collector), LLAMA#Ma-D-05-1-01 [sic], 12, ZMUT. Hymenoepimecis uberensis Padua & Onody, 2015 Figures 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 106 Hymenoepimecis uberensis Padua & Onody, 2015: 190. Diagnosis. See Padua et al. (2015). Distribution. Brazil and Peru* (Fig. 112). 90 Diego Galvao de Padua et al. / ZooKeys 935: 57-92 (2020) Biological notes. Host unknown. Material examined. Peru, La Merced, Fundo Genova, 21.vi.2008, Malaise trap (without collector), AECID: A/013484/07, 19, ZMUT; idem, but 7.vi.2008, 14, ZMUT; Cusco, ca. PV. Tono, 12°57'48"S, 71°32'06"W, 862 m., 26.ix.2007, Ma- laise trap (C. Castillo leg.), 16, ZMUT; Dept. Madre de Dios, Los Amigos, 380955, 769E/8610042,474N, as.L: 240.2 m., 26.vi-3.vii.2008, Malaise trap (I. Gomez leg.), 12, ZMUT; idem, but 380792, 164E/8610919,14N, a.s.1.: 280.5 m., 7-14. viii.2008, ver ZMUT; Marcapata [without others information], NHRS-HEVA #2908, 12, ZMUT. Discussion The present study increases the number of recognized Hymenoepimecis species to 27 species. In addition, is presented a large amount of faunistic records from different parts of Central and South America. It is also shown that H. rafaelmartinezi sp. nov. belongs to the H. jordanensis species group (Padua et al. 2015) which is characterised by the following set of characters: 1) face sculptured below the insertion of antennae, with a longitudinal carina in the middle part of the face; 2) head with occipital carina pro- jected, not curved upwards, with a dorsal concavity in the apex; 3) pronotum with the pocket-like structure reduced longitudinally; 4) sternite I with a ventral spine-like pro- jection posteriorly. After the present study this species group is composed of five species (H.. amazonensis, H. jordanensis, H. kleini, H. rafaelmartinezi sp. nov., and H. uberensis), A noteworthy new character state was recorded for Hymenoepimecis: in H. dolicho- carinata sp. nov., the epicnemial carina is ventrally present and extending to the level of the lower lateral corner of the pronotum. This character state is shared with most species of Acrotaphus (Padua et al. 2020), and likely represents a homoplastic trait in the two genera. Finally, the genus is reported for the first time from the Andes (Figs 107, 108). Two Peruvian species, both collected by Carol Castillo, were found from the Ande- an-Amazonian interface (Cusco, San Pedro, Cosfipata valley, 1302-1520 m). Hyme- noepimecis andina sp. nov. and H. castilloi sp. nov. are both remarkable because they re- semble Polysphincta Gravenhorst (and Ticapimpla amazonica Palacio, Broad, Saaksjarvi & Veijalainen, 2010) by the shape of the occiput. All other species of Hymenoepimecis have the occipital carina strongly raised and produced into a neck-like structure. Acknowledgements We are grateful to Bernardo Santos, Rikio Matsumoto and Tamara Spasojevic for revi- sion, to Kevin Williams for loan FSCA material and Zoological Museum of Univer- sity of Turku for the use of photographic equipment. Financial support was Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnolégico (CNPq) for a scholarship to DGP (159696/2015-1), for the CNPq productivity bursary, Brazil (n° 306100/2016- Padua et al. Seven new species of Hymenoepimecis 91 9 research MLO) and the project CNPgq/PVE for scholarship SWE model to DGP (208243/2017-—8); to CAPES for the postdoctoral fellowship granted to DGP (PNPD/ CAPES proccess n° 88887.372005/2019-00). References Brues CT, Richardson CH (1913) Descriptions of new parasitic Hymenoptera from British Guiana. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 32: 485-503. Brullé MA (1846) Tome Quatriene. 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