ZooKeys 99 |: | | ea 19 (2020) A peer-rev iewed open-access journal I doi: 10.3897/zookeys.99 1.56969 SHORT COMMUNICATION Z,00Ke y https:/ / ZOO keys. pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Redescription of Pseudopoda taibaischana (Araneae, Sparassidae), with the first description of the female Li-Jun Gong’, Yang Zhong' | Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, Hubei, China Corresponding author: Yang Zhong (hubeispider@aliyun.com) Academic editor: G. Blagoev | Received 27 July 2020 | Accepted 13 October 2020 | Published 11 November 2020 http://z00bank. org/7312CAB8-96B 1-4656-B38F-DABE9CD797F4 Citation: Gong L-J, Zhong Y (2020) Redescription of Pseudopoda taibaischana (Araneae, Sparassidae), with the first description of the female. ZooKeys 991: 111-119. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.99 1.56969 Abstract Pseudopoda taibaischana Jager, 2001 (Sparassidae) is redescribed based on new material from the type lo- cality in Taibaishan Nation Forest Park of Shaanxi Province, China. The female is described and illustrated for the first time, and a redescription is provided for the male. Keywords Biodiversity, huntsman spiders, Shaanxi, taxonomy Introduction The genus Pseudopoda was established by Jager (2000) to include nine species previous- ly assigned to Heteropoda: P casaria (Simon, 1897), P exigua (Fox, 1938), P exiguoides (Song & Zhu, 1999), P grahami (Fox, 1936), P lushanensis (Wang, 1990), P prompta (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885), P virgata (Fox, 1936), P zhangmuensis (Hu & Li, 1987), and P zhejiangensis (Zhang & Kim, 1996). Currently, Pseudopoda is the third largest genus of the subfamily Heteropodinae, and includes 142 species. Members of this genus are known from Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Thailand, and Vietnam (World Spider Catalog 2020). From China, Copyright Li-Jun Gong, Yang Zhong. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 112 Li-Jun Gong & Yang Zhong / ZooKeys 991: 111-119 (2020) 63 species are known; among them, seven species are only known from females and eleven only from males (World Spider Catalog 2020). Pseudopoda taibaischana Jager, 2001 was first described based on one male specimen from Taibaishan National Forest Park of Shaanxi Province, China (Jager 2001). Recently, new material of both sexes was collected from the type locality of this species, enabling us to describe the female for the first time in this paper. Materials and methods Specimens were examined and measured with a Leica M205C stereomicroscope. The points arising from the tegular appendages are listed as clock-positions from the left bulb in ventral view. Male palps were examined after dissection and detachment. The epigynes were examined and illustrated after dissection: they were removed and cleared in warm lactic acid before illustration. The vulva was photographed after being embed- ded in Arabic gum. All photographs were taken with a Leica DFC450 digital camera attached to a Leica M205C stereomicroscope, with 10-20 photographs taken in dif- ferent focal planes and combined using the image stacking software Leica LAS. Images were edited using Adobe Photoshop CC 2015. Leg measurements are listed as: total length (femur, patella, tibia, metatarsus, tar- sus). Ihe number of spines is listed for each segment in the following order: prolateral, dorsal, retrolateral, ventral (in femora and patellae, ventral spines are absent, and the fourth digit is omitted in the spination formula). Abbreviations used in the text and figures are given below: SMF Senckenberg Research Institute and Museum, Frankfurt, Germany (P. Jager); HUST School of Nuclear Technology and Chemistry & Biology, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, Hubei, China (Y. Zhong); ALE anterior lateral eye; OW _ opisthosoma width; AME § anterior median eye; Pa patella; AW anterior width of carapace; PI posterior incision of LL; C conductor; PL carapace length; CO copulatory opening; PLE posterior lateral eyes; CH clypeus height; PME posterior median eyes; E embolus; Pp palp; EP — embolic projection; PP _ posterior part of spermathecae; FD fertilization duct; PW carapace width; FE femur; RTA _ retrolateral tibial apophysis; FW first winding; S spermathecae; LL lateral lobes; T tegulum; Mt metatarsus; Ta tarsus; OL opisthosoma length; Ti tibia. I, II, HI, [V—legs I to IV. First description of the female of Pseudopoda taibaischana LES Taxonomy Family Sparassidae Bertkau, 1872 Subfamily Heteropodinae Thorell, 1873 Genus Pseudopoda Jager, 2000 Type species. Sarotes promptus O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885. Diagnosis. See Jager (2000) and Jiang et al. (2018). Composition. P daliensis-group (P anguilliformis Zhang et al., 2017, P peronata Zhang et al., 2017, P sicyoidea Zhang et al., 2017, P daliensis Jager & Vedel, 2007, P. kunmingensis Sun & Zhang, 2012), P diversipunctata-group (P. diversipunctata Jager, 2001, P intermedia Jager, 2001, P marsupia (Wang, 1991)), PR latembola-group (P al- bolineata Jager, 2001, P alta Jager, 2001, P chauki Jager, 2001, P everesta Jager, 2001, P. latembola Jager, 2001, P monticola Jager, 2001, P sinopodoides Jager, 2001), P mar- tensi-group (P chulingensis Jager, 2001, P dhulensis Jager, 2001, P gogona Jager, 2001, P. hyatti Jager, 2001, P kalinchoka Jager, 2001, P khimtensis Jager, 2001, P martensi Jager, 2001, P martinae Jager, 2001, P megalopora Jager, 2001, P platembola Jager, 2001, P tinjura Jager, 2001, P varia Jager, 2001, P virgata (Fox, 1936)), P parvipunc- tata-group (P biapicata Jager, 2001, P dao Jager, 2001, P jirensis Jager, 2001, P parvi- punctata Jager, 2001, P schawalleri Jager, 2001, P thorelli Jager, 2001, P triapicata Jager, 2001, P lushanensis (Wang, 1990)), P prompta-group (P brauni Jager, 2001, P cuneata Jager, 2001, P grasshoffi Jager, 2001, P huberti Jager, 2001, PR marmorea Jager, 2001, P trisuliensis Jager, 2001, P casaria (Simon, 1897), P prompta (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1885), P zhangmuensis (Hu & Li, 1987)), P schwendingeri-group (P hirsuta Jager, 2001, P schwendingeri Jager, 2001), and P signata-group (P bibulba (Xu & Yin, 2000), P. physematosa Zhang et al., 2019, P semilunata Zhang et al., 2019, P signata Jager, 2001, PR wu Jager, Li & Krehenwinkel, 2015, P yinae Jager & Vedel, 2007, P yunnan- ensis (Yang & Hu, 2001)) and 88 other species that have not yet been grouped. Pseudopoda taibaischana Jager, 2001 Figures 1-4 Pseudopoda taibaischana Jager, 2001: 86, figs 47a—e (holotype male from Taibaishan National Forest Park of Shaanxi Province, deposited in SMF PJ1056) Material examined. 2, 102 (HUST 0001), Shaanxi Province, Baoji City, Taibaishan National Forest Park; 34.05°N, 107.87°E; alt. 1438 m; 20.VII. 2019, Y. Zhong leg. Diagnosis. This species resembles Pseudopoda cangshana Jager & Vedel, 2007 (Jager and Vedel 2007: figs 66-68, 70-72) in having the embolus strongly S-shaped, proximal part of embolus visible, and lateral loops of internal duct system extend- ing laterally beyond its first winding, but can be distinguished from the latter by the 114 Li-Jun Gong & Yang Zhong / ZooKeys 991: 111-119 (2020) Figure |. Pseudopoda taibaischana Jager, 2001 A-C left male palp (A prolateral view B ventral view C retrolateral view) D, E cheliceral dentition, ventral view (D male E female) F schematic course of internal duct system. Abbreviations: C—conductor, E-embolus, EP—embolic projection, RTA-retrolateral tibial apophysis, T—tegulum. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. First description of the female of Pseudopoda taibaischana 115 was ofite . wor! 6 s fae F% ° # us ae Figure 2. Pseudopoda taibaischana Jager, 2001 A, B Left male palpal tibia (A ventral view B retrolateral view) C epigyne, intact D epigyne, cleared E vulva, cleared F epigyne, cleared and embedded in Arabic gum G vulva, cleared and embedded in Arabic gum (C, D, F ventral view E, G dorsal view). Abbrevia- tions: CO-copulatory opening, FD-fertilization duct, FW—first winding, LL—lateral lobes, Pl—posterior incision of LL, S-spermathecae. Scale bars: 0.5 mm. 116 Li-Jun Gong & Yang Zhong / ZooKeys 991: 111-119 (2020) ? ae: ~3 oer aly ON gE ET ae = Figure 3. Pseudopoda taibaischana Jager, 2001 A,B male habitus (A dorsal view B ventral view) C, D female habitus (€ dorsal view D ventral view). Scale bars: 2 mm. following characters: 1, male palp with laminar and rounded embolic projection (ab- sent in P cangshana); 2, tip of RTA with distinct triangular extension dorsally (absent in P cangshana); 3, female epigyne with converging part of anterior margins of lateral lobes T-shaped (Y-shaped in P cangshana); 4, female vulva with loops of internal duct system distinctly curved in ventral view (not curved in P cangshana) (Figs 1, 2). Description. Male. PL 3.7, PW 2.8, AW 2.0, OL 4.0, OW 3.2. Eyes and in- terdistances: AME 0.20, ALE 0.25, PME 0.21, PLE 0.27, AME-AME 0.18, AME-— ALE 0.07, PME—-PME 0.24, PME-PLE 0.30, AME-PME 0.32, ALE—PLE 0.27, First description of the female of Pseudopoda taibaischana 1a Sichuan MYANMAR 20°N 7 r 500 Kilometers : Figure 4. Collection localities of Pseudopoda taibaischana in Shaanxi Province, China. CH AME 0.30, CH ALE 0.28. Spination: Palp: 131, 101, 2101; Fe: I-III 323, IV 331; Pa: I-IV 001; Ti: I-II 2026, III-IV 2126; Mt: I-II 2024, III 3024, IV 3036. Measurements of palp and legs: Palp 6.3 (2.0, 1.1, 1.2, —, 2.0), 1 17.9 (4.7, 2.0, 5.4, 4.2, 1.6), 11 19.4 (5.4, 2.1, 5.8, 4.3, 1.8), III 14.9 (4.4, 1.6, 4.2, 3.3, 1.4), IV 18.2 (5.2, 1.7, 4.7, 4.9, 1.7). Leg formula: 2-4-1-3. Cheliceral furrow with three anterior and four posterior teeth, each tooth with 22 denticles (Fig. 1D). Carapace yellowish brown, with fovea slightly darker and bearing more spots. Chelicerae deep reddish brown. Sternum pale yellow, with small and irregular spots. Legs yellowish brown, with medium-sized spots and slightly larger spine patches. Abdomen yellowish brown dorsally, with three pairs of dark patches laterally and an irregular pattern in posterior half; ventrally yellowish brown with small and irregular patches (Fig. 3A, B). 118 Li-Jun Gong & Yang Zhong / ZooKeys 991: 111-119 (2020) Palp as in diagnosis. Cymbium longer than tibia. Embolus arising from tegulum at 8 oclock position, embolic projection making the tip of embolus look somewhat incised. Conductor curved, arising from an 11 o'clock position. Spermophor visible and slightly curved in retrolateral view. RTA arising medially from tibia, with only one apex, broad in retrolateral view (Figs 1, 2A, B). Female. PL 3.6, PW 3.2, AW 2.3, OL 4.7, OW 3.4. Eyes and interdistances: AME 0.17, ALE 0.23, PME 0.20, PLE 0.26, AME-AME 0.16, AME-ALE 0.10, PME-— PME 0.23, PME-PLE 0.30, AME-PME 0.33, ALE-PLE 0.28, CH AME 0.35, CH ALE 0.31. Spination: Palp: 131, 101, 1014, 2121; Fe: I-III 323, IV 331; Pa: I-IV 001; Ti: 12026, I-IV 2126; Mt: I-II 2024, III 3025, IV 3036. Measurements of palp and legs: Palp 4.9 (1.6, 0.7, 1.0, —, 1.6), I 12.8 (3.8, 1.7, 3.3, 2.8, 1.2), II 14.0 (4.3, 1.3, Sis SAND) IGA DO 3s 4, 2-85 259) IO) INE 13 232(4-0-5 153 6575s ts Wee formula: 2-4-1-3. Cheliceral furrow with three anterior and four posterior teeth, each tooth with 32 denticles (Fig. 1E). Epigynal field only slightly wider than long, with very short anterior bands or without such bands. Anterior margins of lateral lobes bent anteriorly at their lateral ends. Posterior incision of lateral lobe distinct, near the posterior meeting point of lateral lobes. Base of internal duct system distinctly extending laterally beyond first winding (Fig. 2C-—G). Coloration in ethanol: as in male, but generally darker, abdomen with more spots ventrally (Fig. 3C, D). Distribution. China (Shaanxi Province) (Fig. 4). Acknowledgements We especially thank Dr. Peter Jager (Senckenberg Research Institute and Museum, Germa- ny) for helping us identify the males of this species. The manuscript benefitted greatly from comments by Drs. Cristina Rheims (Instituto Butantan, Sao Paulo, Brazil) and Alireza Zamani (Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, University of Turku, Finland). This study was financially supported by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (NSFC- 32000303), Natural Sciences Foundation of Hubei Province (2019CFB248), PhD grant from Hubei University Science and Technology (BK201811, BK202114) and Biologi- cal Applications of Nuclear Technology, Nuclear Technology Innovation team project of Hubei University of Science and Technology (H2019002). References Bertkau P (1872) Uber die Respirationsorgane der Araneen. Archiv fiir Naturgeschichte 38: 208-233. Jager P (2000) Two new heteropodine genera from southern continental Asia (Araneae: Spar- assidae). Acta Arachnologica 49(1): 61—71. https://doi.org/10.2476/asjaa.49.61 First description of the female of Pseudopoda taibaischana 119 Jager P (2001) Diversitat der Riesenkrabbenspinnen im Himalaya — die Radiation zweier Gat- tungen in den Schneetropen (Araneae, Sparassidae, Heteropodinae). Courier Forschun- gsinstitut Senckenberg 232: 1-136. Jager P, Vedel V (2007) Sparassidae of China 4. 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ZooKeys 879: 91-115. https:// doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.879.35110