Dtsch. Entomol. Z. 67 (2) 2020, 209-252 | DO! 10.3897/dez.67.57668 > PENSUFT. yee BERLIN The subgenera Glabrobracon Fahringer, Lucobracon Fahringer and Uncobracon Papp of the genus Bracon Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae) in China, with the description of eleven new species Yang Li), Jun-hua He, Xue-xin Chen!?4° oF WN PB http://zoobank.org/41F77B2A-0E 1C-4874-AE89-1E72B3DD6A32 Corresponding author: Xue-xin Chen (xxchen@zju.edu.cn) Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu 611130, China State Key Lab of Rice Biology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Academic editor: J Fernandez-Triana # Received 17 August 2020 # Accepted 14 October 2020 Published 19 November 2020 Abstract The species of three subgenera of the genus Bracon Fabricius (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae), 1.e. Glabrobracon Fahring- er, 1927; Lucobracon Fahringer, 1927; and Uncobracon Papp, 1996 from China are revised and 31 species are recognised, in- cluding 11 new species, 1.e. Bracon (Glabrobracon) indistinctus sp. nov., B. (G.) leptotes sp. nov., B. (G.) /ongistriatus sp. nov., B. (G.) megaventris sp. nov., B. (Lucobracon) brevicarinatus sp. nov., B. (L.) coarctatus sp. nov., B. (L.) curculiovorus sp. nov., B. (L.) flavitestaceus sp. nov., B. (L.) quadratus sp. nov., B. (Uncobracon) eurysulcatus sp. nov. and B. (U.) longwangshanensis sp. nov. The new species are described and illustrated. Keys to the subgenera of the genus Bracon and the Chinese species of three subgenera Glabrobracon, Lucobracon and Uncobracon are provided. Key Words Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Braconinae, Braconini, Bracon, Glabrobracon, Lucobracon, Uncobracon, new species, new record, China Introduction Bracon Fabricius, 1804 belongs to the subfamily Braconinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) and is currently represented by 16 subgenera: Asiabracon Tobias, 1957; Bracon Fabricius, 1804; Cyanopterobracon Tobias, 1957; Foveobracon Tobias, 1961; Glabrobracon Fahringer, 1927; Habrobracon Ashmead, 1895; Lucobracon Fahring- er, 1927; Ophthalmobracon Tobias, 1957; Orientobracon Tobias, 2000; Osculobracon Papp, 2008; Palpibracon Papp, 2012; Pigeria van Achterberg, 1985; Pilibracon Tobias, 1961; Punctobracon Papp, 1996; Sculptobracon Tobias, 1961 and Uncobracon Papp, 1996 (Yu et al. 2016; Samartsev 2019). Glabrobracon Fahringer, 1927 and Lucobracon Fahringer, 1927 are two relatively-large subgenera in the genus Bracon Fabricius with 123 and 88 described species worldwide, respectively, mainly occurring in the Palaearctic region. Uncobracon Papp, 1996 is a small subgenus with three described species world- wide, occurring in the Oriental and Palaearctic re- gions (Yu et al. 2016). Most species of Glabrobracon and Lucobracon are idiobiont ectoparasitoids of Co- leoptera (including species of Anobiidae, Attelabidae, Copyright Yang Li etal. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 210 Yang Li et al.: Three subgenera Glabrobracon, Lucobracon and Uncobracon of Bracon in China Brentidae, Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, Chrysomeli- dae and Curculionidae), Lepidoptera (including spe- cies of Tortricidae, Coleophoridae, Cosmopterigidae, Geometridae, Argyresthiidae, Gelechiidae, Neptic- ulidae, Noctuidae and Sestidae), Diptera (including species of Anthomylidae and Tephritidae) and Hyme- noptera (including species of Cynipidae, Eurytomi- dae, Tenthredinidae and Cephidae) larvae (Yu et al. 2016). The biology of only one species of Uncobracon is known: Bracon (Uncobracon) apoderi Watanabe, 1933 has been reared as an ectoparasitoid of larvae of Apoderus balteatus (Roelofs, 1874) (Coleoptera: Attelabidae) (Watanabe 1933). In the present paper, nineteen Glabrobracon spe- cies are reported from China, of which four species are new to science (Bracon (Glabrobracon) indistinctus sp. nov., B. (G.) leptotes sp. nov., B. (G.) longistria- tus sp. nov. and B. (G.) megaventris sp. nov.)). Eight Lucobracon species are found in China, of which five species are new to science (B. (Lucobracon) brevicar- inatus sp. nov., B. (L.) coarctatus sp. nov., B. (L.) cur- culiovorus sp. nov., B. (L.) flavitestaceus sp. nov. and B. (L.) quadratus sp. nov.)). Four Uncobracon species are found in China, of which two species are new to science (B. (Uncobracon) eurysulcatus sp. nov. and Results Key to subgenera of genus Bracon Fabricius B. (U.) longwangshanensis sp. nov.)) and one species is new to China (B. (U.) tricoloratus Tobias, 2000)). The new species are described and illustrated and keys to the subgenera of the genus Bracon and to the Chinese spe- cies of three subgenera Glabrobracon, Lucobracon and Uncobracon are provided. Materials and methods For the recognition of the subfamily Braconinae, see van Achterberg (1990, 1993) and Chen and van Achterberg (2019), for the terminology and measurements used in this paper, see van Achterberg (1988, 1993) and for addi- tional references, see Yu et al. (2016). The medial length of the third metasomal tergite 1s measured from the pos- terior border of the second suture to the posterior margin of the tergite. Photographs were taken with a Keyence VHX-2000 digital microscope and the photos were slightly processed (mainly cropped and the background modified) in Photo- shop CS6. For the descriptions and measurements, a Lei- ca M125 stereomicroscope was used. The specimens are deposited in Institute of Insect Sciences, Zhejiang Uni- versity, Hangzhou (ZJUH). 1 Vein 1-SR of fore wing very short or absent (reduced) (a); fore wing vein 3-SR less than 1.5x longer than vein r, usually Habrobracon Ashmead, 1895 - Vein 1-SR of fore wing medium-sized (aa); fore wing vein 3-SR more than |.6x longer than vein r, usually more than 1.9x longer (bb); fore wing vein 2-SR+M shorter (CC) ............ 2 Mesosoma with granulose sculpture (a), matte, if lustrous, then weak, soft granulose sculpture always noticeable on mesopleuron and, as a rule, mesoscutum; metasoma always with granulose sculpture, sometimes weaker; body often with yellow spots; fore wing second submarginal cell more robust and often shorter, but vein 3-SR rarely longer than width of cell (b) pee 7 date 53 de: , = a 2 Si Mesosoma smooth, lacking granulose sculpture (aa), lustrous, only sometimes pronotum with somewhat noticeable granulose sculpture (in that case, tergites in apical half smooth); if rarely mesosoma with granulose sculpture (Subgenus Lucobracon) then fore wing marginal cell strongly reduced, body without yellow spots and metasoma often entirely or its apical half smooth; fore wing second submarginal cell more slender and much longer than width of cell, rarely shorter (bb)............... 4 dez.pensoft.net Dtsch. 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Z. 67 (2) 2020, 209-252 211 ot 3 Eyes enlarged, almost touching base of mandible and length of malar space less than maximum length of clypeus (a); eyes distinctly concave at inner margins (b); ocellar triangle more than its distance from eye (c); second tergite me- dio-basally without small triangular area and laterally without deep depression; fore wing marginal cell reaching wing AS GG rt eee rkae seca el, en hr eee oer, ale oh ed yee Ae earl gee Ophthalmobracon Tobias, 1957 c - Eyes medium-sized or small, far removed from base of mandible and length of malar space more than maximum length of clypeus (aa); eyes not or weakly concave at inner margins (bb); ocellar triangle as long as its distance from eye or less (cc); second tergite medio-basally with small triangular area bordered by a weak ridge, laterally with rather deep depressions bordering inner side with thin ridge (ridges convergent posteriorly); fore wing marginal cell terminating before wing apex (dd) Asiabracon Tobias, 1957 4 Mesosoma slender (its length more than 1.8x its height) (a); second submarginal fore wing cell quadrate, vein SR1 4.0-4.5x longer than the vein 3-SR, with weakly S-shaped bend (b); first and second tergites more or less with raised LOMST UCN al OMS iu sreetee sas eeMn adult, Semen not MeRU MIO Lane ween MLB anenmenh ace meet ah eee Orientobracon Tobias, 2000 - Mesosoma less slender (its length less than 1.6x its height) (aa); second submarginal fore wing cell distinctly longer than wide velngsR ly Straishtetob); TirSteanceSeCOnGtersites Vala. oo dx mete ee Date oe et cee eh eRe Ut dv alunaec dies e) dez.pensoft.net 212 Yang Li et al.: Three subgenera Glabrobracon, Lucobracon and Uncobracon of Bracon in China iS Scutellum usually with punctate depression (a); tergites often entirely with reticulate sculpture, middle of second tergite with slightly raised smooth longitudinal ridge (b); ovipositor short, slightly projecting beyond metasomal apex to about One TOURIMETSTuOW MNEtASOMia CC)" Ra erh yh ad NF es ner ana Seater ald ato ey Sculptobracon Tobias, 1961 - Scutellum lacking punctate depression (aa), if with depression (Foveobracon), then third to seventh tergites smooth; terg- ites either entirely smooth or only in apical half (bb); if all tergites sculptured, then sculpture not reticulate (bbb); ovipos- itor relatively long, projecting well beyond metasomal apex, usually as long as metasoma or slightly shorter (Cc)............ 6 6 Third to fifth tergites in male with dense tuft of semi-appressed short setosity (a), densely punctate, tergites at base and apex of metasoma contrastingly smooth, always lacking setosity; female metasoma smooth and weakly pubescent, with medially deeply and laterally weakly impressed suture between second and third tergites; fore wing marginal cell rather short, vein 1-R1 as long as pterostigma, much shorter than its distance from wing apex (b); fore wing second submarginal cell small, vein 3-SR shorter than vein r; fore wing vein 1-SR approximately 0.7x as long as vein 1-M (C) .........:::::eeeeeeeees Pilibracon Tobias, 1961 - Tergites in both male and female similarly pubescent and sculptured (aa), sometimes not distinctly pubescent and sculptured on middle tergites compared to basal and apical tergites; fore wing marginal cell rarely slightly reduced (bb), if distinctly reduced, then metasoma usually with sculpture on basal tergites; fore wing vein 1-SR less than 0.4x as long as vein 1-M (cc) dez.pensoft.net 7 Dtsch. 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Z. 67 (2) 2020, 209-252 ahs Antenna setiform, 28-70-segmented, flagellomeres quadrate (a); body with long, dark erected setae (b); labio-maxillary complex more or less elongate (c); metasoma strongly compressed and smooth, suture between second and third terg- ites shallow laterally, rather deep medially; hypopygium much shorter, not reaching metasomal apex; wing membrane SUCH ValntIS CAR Ce A wig As, NMR BOE 2 Matis AOR 1/8 Mel Rea, NENT, AL 2 Re MUR Se dei | Cyanopterobracon Tobias, 1957 Antenna filiform or weakly setiform, usually with less than 40-segments, flagellomeres often longer than width (aa), rarely quadrate, in that case usually moniliform; body with rarely short, light coloured, usually appressed setae (bb); labio-maxillary complex not elongate (cc); shape of metasoma and hypopygium and colour of wing membrane ZEUS) hon ons Se ten go ete Re Re CS Rw Oa eee a ee 8 In lateral view, malar space below with a hook-like process directed anteriorly (a); propodeum with a medio-longitudinal carina; second tergite with subfoveolate, or reticulate, or striate sculpture; third to sixth tergites with discrete and sepa- rate: (not contluent)punctures-andiinterspacesipolishedcor with :Sttiae 1.1 -.terssme mye ther: ess Uncobracon Papp, 1996 q Ea di ede’ : he ae 7 E ‘ In lateral view, malar space below without a hook-like process (aa); propodeum variable, with or without a medio-longi- tudinaltcarina:-sculpturevor.tergitessvariables Smoot lOcclstinchly SCUIDUECG 2 on ssa mnominddsnaehsldy aagiecnanecemssenesddleieess 9 Second to sixth tergites with foveo-like punctures posteriorly becoming gradually denser, interspaces polished and usu- ally greater than puncture diameter (a); anterior transverse grooves of third to fifth metasomal sutures between tergites SS TORRES CL) crude sete A celeb ae asset rere ue ee RE eh AU rr eee aera Ao gas ee RRA Punctobracon Papp, 1996 Second to sixth tergites polished or without foveola-like punctures (aa), if present, then becoming gradually sparser posteriorly; anterior transverse grooves of third to fifth tergites smooth, at most second metasomal suture crenulate CI ED) aca yee e ne sak Rae w as ee RY 5 es 1g SIRT esa 9 otc AT A URGE nn) 5 / oy ey RS ean eure EWR Ran seas Ween 10 dez.pensoft.net 214 Yang Li et al.: Three subgenera Glabrobracon, Lucobracon and Uncobracon of Bracon in China 10 ‘Tergites entirely sculptured (a) or at least basal tergites sculptured (b); ovipositor sheath as long as or slightly longer than metasoma; apical segment of hind tarsi not longer than second segment; antenna shorter than body, not thick- ened; first submarginal cell of fore wing reaching or almost reaching wing apex; (hypoclypeal depression not or only SHOU SWIC, clei elt SHCliS Pa Sani Iie / Ss) aiRe cans alee 5 OUR DAF aii Bela 2 UMN 2 ee LURE Bracon Fabricius, 1804 s. str. - Tergites entirely smooth (aa) or second and third tergites sculptured (bb); if apical tergites also somewhat sculptured, then propodeum sculptured along middle (sometimes with longitudinal ridge) and ovipositor sheath clearly shorter than metasoma (some species in Glabrobracon) or first submarginal cell of fore wing reduced; pre-apical antennal segments somewhat thickened (Lucobracon) or maxillary palpi very long, longer than height of head (Palpibracon) ..............006 ie 11 Second tergite with deep sculptured depressions on sides of small raised medial area, with lateral longitudinal furrows (a); first tergite coarsely rugose, its middle field smooth with rugose lateral depressions on narrow median prominence (b); (scutellum anteriorly often with a distinct puncture-like depression)..............c.c:scssseeseeeeees Foveobracon Tobias, 1961 dez.pensoft.net Dtsch. 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Z. 67 (2) 2020, 209-252 215 12 Hypoclypeal depression large, much wider than its distance from eye (a) and (or) first submarginal cell of fore wing reduced, terminating preapically (b); antenna often thickened, with quadrate flagellomeres (c); usually middle of second GosoualhyetereiteCS ESC UMS TINS CeCe) were tk x erent haste the carrer ae Ad pA It epee oa Ue FW na Lucobracon Fahringer, 1927 — Hypoclypeal depression small, as wide as its distance from eye or slightly more (aa); first submarginal cell of fore wing usually not reduced, terminating at wing apex (bb); antenna long, usually as long as body, flagellomeres longer than wide (CG) FSEconastorourtatergites simoothrorweaklyssculpturechmedcliall\y* GOs nese: aes cers § prycee os eas sce a ce PR aN. ss ee re ae fae Soe Ana Pr oe se Pk en a ol ve eh Be 6 6 Hind femur 3.4x longer than its maximum width; in dorsal view, length of eye 1.3x temple; basal segments of antenna yellow (scape and pedicel infuscate), apical segments DrOwN ..............ccccccecseecseececeeeeceeseseneeeenes B. (L.) quadratus sp. nov. - Hind femur 2.9-3.1x longer than its maximum width; in dorsal view length of eye 1.6-1.7x temple; antenna uniformly DUCKS TS COWN nex Btn dacs Spot eacttan 2 tax dota tags cp teseeteg sa deen can ng ea oscil satus Alene ganesh a «4 21 ema a sag mas sien Been naga ey 2 hs ard atee 7 7 Mesosoma in lateral view 1.7x as long as high; fore wing vein 3-SR 1.25x longer than vein 2-SR; first tergite as long as isapicalLwiethsbocyarmiaiiy-syellOwlSraOiOwileircte met .. alewles Piet 02 ean ayrel Ee re B. (L.) brevicarinatus sp. nov. - Mesosoma in lateral view 2.2x as long as high; fore wing vein 3-SR 1.5x longer than vein 2-SR; first tergite 1.2x as long as tS