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Three new species of the genus Araeopteron Hampson,
1893 (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Boletobiinae) from
the Xizang Autonomous Region, China
with an updated list of the world species

Hui Lin Han!?, Vladimir S. Kononenko?

I School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China 2. Key Laboratory of Sustainable
Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China
3 Laboratory of Entomology, Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern
Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok-22, 690022, Russia

Corresponding author: Vladimir S. Kononenko (vsk528217@gmail.com)

Academic editor: Alberto Zilli | Received 20 April 2021 | Accepted 6 August 2021 | Published 15 September 2021
http://zoobank. ore!7B214F86-33A7-4A5E-9A04-01D118EDD5A9

Citation: Han HL, Kononenko VS (2021) Three new species of the genus Avaeopteron Hampson, 1893 (Lepidoptera,
Erebidae, Boletobiinae) from the Xizang Autonomous Region, China with an updated list of the world species.
ZooKeys 1060: 17-32. https://doi-org/10.3897/zookeys. 1060.67674

Abstract

Three new species of the genus Avaeopteron Hampson, 1893: A. dawai sp. nov., A. medogensis sp. nov.
and A. tibeta sp. nov. are described from Motuo (= Medog) County of the Xizang Autonomous Region
(= Tibet), China. The imagines as well as the male genitalia are illustrated. A checklist of the 45 species of

the genus Araeopteron in the world fauna is presented, including recently and presently described species.

Keywords

Araeopteronini, checklist, moths, new species, Noctuoidea systematics, Tibet

Introduction

The genus Araeopteron Hampson, 1893 (type species A. pictale Hampson, 1893)
belongs to the tribe Araeopteronini, subfamily Boletobiinae, Erebidae. The ear-
ly authors considered Araeopteron in the Eustrotiinae = Erastriinae (Erastrianae

Copyright Hui Lin Han,Vladimir S. Kononenko. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

18 Hui Lin Han & Vladimir S. Kononenko / ZooKeys 1060: 17-32 (2021)

sensu Hampson 1910) or Acontiinae (sensu auctorum) of the Noctuidae (Hamp-
son 1910; Inoue 1958, 1965; Nye 1975; Sugi 1982; Poole 1989; Kononenko
1990, 2003, 2005; Kononenko et al. 1998; Fibiger and Agassiz 2001; Fibiger and
Hacker 2001).

Araeopteronini Fibiger, 2005 originally has been designated and used as a subfam-
ily Araeopteroninae of the family Noctuidae (Fibiger and Lafontaine 2005; Lafontaine
and Fibiger 2006), but later it was downgraded to tribal status and placed to the sub-
family Boletobiinae of the family Erebidae (Holloway 2011; Zahiri et al. 2012; Kon-
onenko 2016; Wu et al. 2020).

The group’s distribution is mainly pantropical, but a few species extend into the
temperate zone: six species are recorded in Japan, the Russian Far East, and the Korean
Peninsula (Inoue 1958, 1965; Kononenko et al. 1998; Kononenko and Han 2007;
Fibiger and Kononenko 2008) and one species is recorded in the Near East and south-
ern Europe (Fibiger and Agassiz 2001; Fibiger and Hacker 2001).

The world fauna list of 36 species of Araeopteron was published by Fibiger and
Kononenko (2008). Subsequently, a review of the Araeopteronini from Borneo fol-
lowed by a list of species was published by Holloway (2009, 2011). Contributions to
the taxonomy of the genus Avaeopteron was made by Guillermet (2009) and Bippus
(2018), designating two new Araeopteron species, A. papaziani Guillermet, 2009 and
A, legraini Bippus, 2018 from Réunion Island, western Indian Ocean. The total num-
ber of described species of the genus Araeopteron in the world fauna (with accounts of
the currently described species) now enumerates 45 species.

In China, the genus represented by eight species: Araeopteron amoena Inoue, 1958,
A. fragmenta Inoue, 1965, A. nebulosa Inoue, 1965, A. canescens (Walker, [1866]),
A, fasciale (Hampson, 1896), A. dawai sp. nov., A. medogensis sp. nov., A. tibeta sp. nov.
distributed from the cool temperate zone to the subtropics.

As a result of intensive collecting and study of the Noctuoidea in remote regions
of the Xizang Autonomous Region (= Tibet) in China, three new Avaeopteron species
were found. This article describes and illustrates them in detail.

Materials and methods

The material was collected by UV light in remote parts of the Xizang Autonomous
Region, Tibet, China. Standard methods for dissection and preparation of the genitalia
slides have been used as described by Kononenko and Han (2007). Specimens were
photographed with a Nikon D700 camera; the genitalia slides were photographed with
an Olympus photomicroscope with Helicon Focus software, with the images further
processed in Adobe Photoshop CS4.

The materials of the present article, including holotypes, are deposited in the col-
lection of Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China (NEFU).

Three New Araeopteron Hampson, 1893 from China 19

Systematic account

Tribe Araeopteronini Fibiger, 2005

Araeopteroninae Fibiger, 2005, Esperiana 11: 25 (in Fibiger and Lafontaine 2005).
Type genus Avaeopteron Hampson, 1893. Lafontaine and Fibiger 2006; Konon-
enko 2005, 2010; Fibiger and Kononenko 2008; Holloway 2009.

Araeopteronini: Holloway 2011; Zahiri et al. 2012; Kononenko and Pinratana 2013;
Kononenko 2016; Wu et al. 2020.

Remarks. The tribe comprises rather uniform and small or very small moths with
quadrifine hindwing venation. The most conspicuous autapomorphic character states
defining the Araeopteronini are: in external appearance, their small size, and the shape
of the wings with a long, narrow, pointed forewing and short, rounded, triangular
hindwing; in the male genitalia, the shape of the tegumen, hugely developed parater-
gal sclerites, the structure of the valve and the articulation of uncus; and in the female
genitalia the patch between the ovipositor lobes on the ventral side and the shape of the
signum in the corpus bursae (e.g., Fibiger and Hacker 2001; Fibiger and Lafontaine
2005; Fibiger and Kononenko 2008; Holloway 2009).

Araeopteronini is a poorly studied and neglected group of Erebidae moths. At
present, the tribe Araeopterinini includes the Old World genus Avaeopteron with many
undescribed species and some other tropical genera belonging to the Boletobiinae
(Hyriodes Hampson, 1910, Pseudcraspedia Hampson, 1889, and Niaccaba Walker,
1895) (Holloway 2009, 2011; Kononenko and Pinratana 2013).

Genus Araeopteron Hampson, 1893
Figures 1-12

Araeopteron Hampson, 1893, Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidoptera Heterocera
in the Collection of the British Museum 9: 33, 136. Type species: Araeopteron pictale
Hampson, 1893 [Sri Lanka].

Synonymy. Avaeopterum Hampson, 1896, emendation; Thelxinoa Turner, 1902;
Essonistis Meyrick, 1902; Araeopterella Fibiger & Hacker, 2001; Araeoptera Hampson,
1910, emendation.

References. Inoue 1958, 1965; Nye 1975; Sugi 1982; Poole 1989; Kononenko
1990, 2003, 2005, 2010, 2016; Kononenko et al. 1998; Fibiger and Agassiz 2001;
Fibiger and Hacker 2001; Fibiger 2002; Kononenko and Han 2007; Fibiger and Kon-
onenko 2008; Guillermet 2009; Holloway 2009, 2011; Kononenko and Pinratana
2013; Bippus 2018; Wu et al. 2020.

Diagnosis. Small and very small species, wingspan 9-18 mm. Forewing narrow,
with oblique outer margin and long fringes; hindwing shorter than forewing, with
shallow concavity under apex; wing colour grey or brown-grey, in some species with or-

20 Hui Lin Han & Vladimir S. Kononenko / ZooKeys 1060: 17-32 (2021)

A. rufescens

A. medogensis sp. n. A. ussurica

A. tibeta sp. n. A. amoena

Figures |-6. Adults of Avaeopteron spp. | A. dawai sp. nov. holotype 2 A. rufescens. Malaysia, Borneo
3 A. medogensis sp. nov. holotype 4 A. ussurica (Russia, Primorye, after Fibiger and Kononenko 2008)
5 A. tibeta sp. nov. holotype 6 A. amoena (Russia, Primorye, after Fibiger and Kononenko 2008).

ange or pale reddish patches, reniform stigma black; frons scaled. In the male genitalia,
tegumen short, broad, paratergal sclerites uniting the tegumen and vinculum hugely
developed; vinculum short and broad; uncus with long coecum; costa and cucullus
membranous; sacculus sclerotised, narrow; apex of sacculus spatulate or club-shaped;
uncus thin, rather short, curved. In the female genitalia, a small raised membranous or
slightly sclerotised patch or low cone covered with long hair-like setae lies between pos-
terior ends of anal papillae; signum cone-like or hat-like with a rounded top, fringed

Three New Araeopteron Hampson, 1893 from China 2a

basally with spines; sometimes signum as relatively large flat plate. Larva and food
specialisation are unknown.

The genus includes 45 described species and many undescribed species distributed
mainly in tropical and subtropical regions; a few species extend into the temperate zone.

In China five described species of the genus Araeopteron are known (Fibiger and
Kononenko 2008), of which two species, A. canescens (Walker, [1866]) and A. fasciale
(Hampson, 1896) have recently been found in southeast China by Wu et al. (2020).
Three further new Araeopteron species are described below.

Araeopteron dawai sp. nov.
http://zoobank.org/E70C4C1C-18F5-46B0-B103-77E5 FOFF8574
Figures 1, 7, 13-15

Type material. Holotype male, China, Xizang Autonomous Region, Motuo (= Medog)
County, 16—17.iv.2018, H.L. Han, genit. prep. no. hhl-4010-1 (NEFU). Paratypes. 2
4, same data as holotype, genit. prep. no. hhI-4009-1 (NEFU).

Diagnosis. The new species (Figs 1, 7), externally and in the male genitalia, is
similar to A. rufescens Hampson, 1910 (Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Borneo; figs 2, 8), but
differs by a narrower forewing with sharp apex, bearing a dark triangular patch (in A.
rufescens apex blunt, without blackish triangular patch; only a weak arched dark band
present); the transverse lines are distinct (in A. rufescens they are indistinct); the dark
apical triangular patch on the hindwing is small (in A. rufescens it is broader); the discal
spot is distinct and stout (in A. rufescens indistinct and slender).

Male genitalia: clasper with medially sclerotised harpe and small thorn-like api-
cal extension (in A. rufescens the clasper with small smooth teeth apically); the costa
rounded and swollen in the terminal part of the valva (in A. rufescens it is swollen and
triangular in apical third of valva); the uncus as long as the tegumen (in A. rufescens the
uncus is ca 1/2 tegumen length); aedeagus slightly curved (in A. rufescens it is straight);
vesica with a toothed band (in A. rufescens it bears more than 20 small thin spines).

Description. Adult (Fig. 1). Wingspan 11.5—12.0 mm. Antennae filiform, head,
patagia, and tegulae covered with flat white scales, thorax whitish with grey; abdomen
greenish yellow, mixed with white. Forewing pale yellow to pale greyish yellow, mixed
with a little orange; apex rather sharp; basal area dark orange, basal line expressed with
distinct black costal dot; antemedial line blackish brown, almost black, wavy, oblique;
median line double, black, filled with mixed brown with orange inside, smoothly in-
curved, with pale black and orange patches between lines; postmedial line brownish
orange and strongly arched before Cu,, its other part mixed with black, and incurved
to inner margin; subterminal line brownish black at costal margin, other part fused
with blackish apical patch; terminal line brown to blackish brown, with black dots at
the tops of veins; reniform stigma dark black; apex with large black triangular patch;
basal, antemedial, and median areas densely covered with orange; postmedial area pale
to greyish white, with blackish brown to brown at inner margin; subterminal area pale

DD Hui Lin Han & Vladimir S. Kononenko / ZooKeys 1060: 17-32 (2021)

A. dawai sp. n. A. rufescens Or Ai

A. ussurica

Ain $ ¥
A. tibeta sp. n. ie! A. amoena L -

Figures 7-12. Male genitalia of Araeopteron spp. 7 A. dawai sp. nov. holotype, gen. prep. no. hhl-4010-1
8 A. rufescens, Malaysia, Borneo, gen. prep. no. hhl-4587-1 9 A. medogensis sp. nov. holotype, gen. prep.
no. hhl-4022-1 10.A. ussurica (Russia, Primorye, after Fibiger and Kononenko 2008) II A. tibeta sp. nov.
holotype, gen. prep. no. hhl-4026-1 12.A. amoena (Russia, Primorye, after Fibiger and Kononenko 2008).

greyish; fringe grey, mixed with brown; pale and greyish parts of the postmedial and
subterminal area forming large patch. Hindwing pale greyish yellow to faint yellow;
antemedial line smoky-brown to brownish black, wavy; median line orange, weakly
waved; postmedial line brown to brownish black, wavy, incurved posteriorly; subter-
minal line smoky orange, indistinct; apex sharp with single large black triangular patch;
fringe thin and lighter than in forewing; discal spot dark black, formed by two dots.

Three New Araeopteron Hampson, 1893 from China 23

Male genitalia (Fig. 7). Tegumen triangular, as narrow, strongly arched band;
paratergal sclerits hugely developed, flat, curved; vinculum, thick, sclerotised. Saccus
U-shaped. Valva racket-shaped, narrower medially, extended and rounded apically;
sacculus thin, gradually narrower to 3/4 length of valva, then broadened and round-
ed apically; clasper fused to sacculus, with pointed triangular ampullae medially and
small, hook-like apical extension; costa sclerotised, thick basally, gradually extended
and membranous apically; cucullus large with small medial incurving on inner margin.
Uncus thin, relatively long (as long as tegumen), smoothly curved medially, sclerotised.
Juxta plate-like, large, rounded, slightly sclerotised. Aedeagus short, cylindrical, slight-
ly curved, weakly sclerotised posteriorly; coecum short, ca 1/4 as long as aedeagus;
vesica with sclerotised band of teeth.

Female genitalia. Female unknown.

Distribution. (Fig. 13). The species is known only from its type locality: China,
Xizang Autonomous Region (Tibet), Motuo (= Medog) County.

Etymology. The species name is dedicated to Mr Wa Da, Chinese entomologist, a
famous insect researcher of the fauna in the Xizang Autonomous Region, China.

Bionomics. (Figs 14, 15). The new species was collected in Motuo County, Xizang
in April 2018 in the intermediate zone between the subtropical rain forest and broad-
leaf forest zones, at an altitude 1121 m.

Araeopteron medogensis sp. nov.
http://zoobank.org/E19FDE59-FC6E-4009-B895-B922B4BFBD91
Figures 3, 9, 13-15

Type material. Holotype male, China, Xizang Autonomous Region, Motuo (= Medog)
County, 16—17.iv.2018, H.L. Han, genit. prep. no. hhl-4022-1 (NEFU). Paratypes.
6 3, same data as holotype, genit. prep. nos. hhl-4021-1, hhl-4023-1, hhl-4024-1,
hhl-4025-1 (NEFU).

Diagnosis. The new species, superficially and by the structure of the male genita-
lia, is similar to A. ussurica Fibiger & Kononenko, 2008 (Figs 4, 10), but can by sepa-
rated from it by the following characters: the basal line present only as a black dot at
the costal margin (in A. ussurica the basal line is absent); the transverse lines in the cos-
tal margin mixed greyish yellow colour (in A. ussurica the transverse lines in the costal
margin greenish grey); the terminal area coloured with smoky-brown to black (in A. us-
surica smoky but the terminal area is grey); the wing ground colour in the new species
compared with A. ussurica is more whitish (in A. ussurica it is darker greyish); the wing
pattern of the new species is more distinct with stronger colour contrast, compared
with A. ussurica, in which the ground colour is pale greyish. In the male genitalia, the
paratergal sclerite is moderate in length and slightly rounded (in A. ussurica it is huge
and strongly rounded ); vinculum narrower (in A. ussurica it is much broader); saccus
U-shaped (in A. ussurica it is V-shaped); the harpe is needle-like, placed in the apical

part of valva, ca 3/4 length of valva from its basal part (in A. ussurica harpe as a small

24 Hui Lin Han & Vladimir S. Kononenko / ZooKeys 1060: 17-32 (2021)

Figures 13-15. The map (13) and habitat (14, 15) of Araeopteron spp. in the Xizang Autonomous
Region, China

bulge 2/3 from basal part of valva); the costa with a smoothly arched bulge in apical
1/2 of valva (in A. ussurica the costa with round bulge); the uncus short, as long as
1/2 of tegumen, slightly curved apically vs. 2X longer than tegumen, hooked apically
uncus in A. ussurica; the aedeagus is narrow and long vs. short and broad in A. ussurica;
the carina with spines (in A. ussurica the carina without spines); the vesica with two
sclerotised cornute patches (in A. ussurica the vesica with a large cornute band formed
by numerous thin, small spines).

Description. Adult (Fig. 3). Wingspan 11.0-12.5 mm. Antennae filiform.
Head, patagia, tegulae, and thorax covered with white scales; abdomen greyish
white, mixed with orange. Forewing pale greyish yellow, mixed with brown; fore-
wing apex blunt, rounded; basal line present as a black dot at costal margin, its other
part distinct, grey with small yellow scales; antemedial line oblique, thin, wavy,
brown with yellow at costal area; median line double, indistinct, thin, wavy, smoky-
brown between double lines, and as distinct black dot at costal margin; postmedial
line broad, brown, rising to M,, slightly curved, then bending and going obliquely
to inner wing margin; subterminal line as brownish green dots at costal margin, its
other part fused to brownish apical patch; terminal line pale brown to brownish
green, with black dots on vein; reniform stigma dark, black, formed by two diffused
dots; terminal area pale brown to brownish green; fringe grey, mixed with brown,
in basal part with yellow. Hindwing pale greyish with white, slightly darker than
forewing; antemedial line smoky-brown, indistinct; median line blackish brown,
indistinct, weakly waved; postmedial line slender, brown to brownish black, wavy,
sharp at Cu, area; subterminal line smoky-brown, slightly mixed with black, wavy,
indistinct; terminal line and fringes same as on forewing; discal spot prominent,
dark brown, slightly diffused.

Male genitalia (Fig. 9). Tegumen triangular, narrow dorsally. Paratergal sclerits
thin, broaded apically. Vinculum thick, sclerotised, U-shaped, flat, and broader pos-

Three New Araeopteron Hampson, 1893 from China 25

teriorly. Saccus U-shaped, weakly sclerotised. Valva constricted basally; sacculus thin,
sclerotised, gradually narrower medially, then gradually broader and rounded apically,
exceed cucullus; clasper fused to sacculus, with pointed and tapered harpe in its apical
third; costa slightly sclerotised, with minute grains, thin basally, gradually arched and
swollen apically. Uncus relatively short and solid, ca 1/3 length of tegumen, slightly
curved, sclerotised. Juxta large, plate-like, with bulb at centre, and broad outer frame.
Aedeagus long, cylindrical, slightly curved, carina with short spines, slightly sclero-
tised; coecum as long as 1/2 length of aedeagus; vesica with weakly sclerotised grainy
band and plate.

Female genitalia. Female unknown.

Distribution. (Fig. 13). The species is known only from its type locality: China,
Xizang Autonomous Region (Tibet), Motuo (= Medog) County.

Etymology. The species name refers to the Tibetan name of the type locality Me-
dog in Tibet, China.

Bionomics. (Figs 14, 15). The new species has been collected in Motuo County of
Xizang in April in the intermediate zone between subtropical rain forest and broad-leaf
forest zones, at an altitude 1121 m.

Araeopteron tibeta sp. nov.
http://zoobank.org/2E7076ED-9044-42E5-9FA9-46BB2FA9FA76
Figures 5, 11, 13-15

Material examined. Holotype: male, China, Xizang Autonomous Region, Mo-
tuo (= Medog) County, 16—17.iv.2018, H.L. Han, genit. prep. no. hhl-4026-1
(NEFU). Paratype: 1 male with same data (NEFU).

Diagnosis. The new species is similar to A. amoena (Figs 6, 12, 13-15) by
the external appearance and the male genitalia but differs by the more colourful
and distinct wing pattern with greyish orange medial part of the forewing and
orange for most of the hindwing (in A. amoena the wing pattern and colouration
is less distinct and less colourful, with a greyish orange patch in the middle of the
hindwing); the forewing basal line in A. tibeta presents as a black dot on the costal
margin and continues as a very thin line (in A. amoena only the small black dot at
the costal margin is expressed); blackish apical patch distinct (in A. amoena it is
indistinct); transverse lines of the forewing distinct (in A. amoena they are indis-
tinct); reniform stigma streak-like, formed with two dots (in A. amoena it presents
as a small dot); the hindwing with black triangular apical patch (in A. amoena
the triangular apical patch is diffused; fringe paler than in A. amoena). In the
male genitalia, clasper with spine-like harpe, without three small tooth-like exten-
sions present in A. amoena; the smoothly arched bulge of costa is rather straight
posteriorly, slightly constricted anteriorly (in A. amoena it is smooth and slightly
curved posteriorly).

26 Hui Lin Han & Vladimir S. Kononenko / ZooKeys 1060: 17-32 (2021)

Description. Adult (Fig. 5). Wingspan 11.5—12.0 mm. Antennae filiform.
Head, patagia, and tegulae covered with white scales; thorax greyish white, with
two medial patches of blackish scales. Abdomen greenish brown, mixed with or-
ange. Forewing pale greyish white; apex rather sharp; basal line present only as a
black dot at costal margin, its other part diffused, slender; antemedial line brown,
wavy, oblique, with brownish yellow patch at costal area; median line double, red-
dish brown, diffused, wavy, greyish brown between lines, and as distinct blackish
dot at costal margin; postmedial line brown, indistinct, wavy, with fracture at costal
region; subterminal line only as brown dot at costal margin, in other part fused to
apical greyish brown patch; terminal line pale brown to greenish brown, with black
dot at vein; reniform stigma dark black, formed by two fused dots; terminal area
blackish brown to dark brownish, forms ovoid patch at wing apex; medial part of
wing greyish orange brown colouration; fringe grey, mixed with blackish brown,
yellow basally. Hindwing greyish orange-yellow; antemedial line blackish brown,
broad and distinct; median line reddish brown, indistinct; postmedial line thin,
reddish brown, slightly waved, with blackish inner border; subterminal line reddish
brown, slightly waved; terminal area, terminal line, and fringe same colour as on
forewing; discal spot dark black, formed with two dots.

Male genitalia (Fig. 11). Tegumen triangular posteriorly, thick, curved, broad
anteriorly. Paratergal sclerits large, but smaller than in related A. amoena. Vincu-
lum thick, sclerotised, flat, U-shaped, broad band-like posteriorly. Saccus U-shaped,
membranous. Valva constricted at 1/3 from base; sacculus thick, sclerotised, grad-
ually constricted to broad medial part, rounded apically, and exceeding cucullus;
clasper fused to sacculus, with pointed, sclerotised tapered harpe, placed ca 3/5
length from base of valva; costa slightly sclerotised, minutely granulated, thin ba-
sally, gradually arched and extended to swollen, membranous middle part. Uncus
short, as long as 1/2 of tegumen, thin, slightly curved apically. Juxta large, plate-like
sclerotisation posteriorly. Aedeagus long, cylindrical, slightly curved, weakly sclero-
tised, carina with very short spines; coecum as long as ca 1/2 aedeagus; vesica with
weakly sclerotised patch of minute spines medially.

Female genitalia. Female unknown.

Distribution. (Fig. 13). The species is known only from its type locality: China,
Xizang Autonomous Region (Tibet), Motuo (= Medog) County.

Etymology. ‘The species name refers to Tibet.

Bionomics. (Figs 14, 15). The new species has been collected in Motuo County of
Xizang in April in the intermediate zone between subtropical rain forest and broad-leaf
forest zones, at an altitude of 1121 m.

Checklist of the genus Araeopteron Hampson, 1893 of the world

Araeopteron acidalica (Hampson, 1910), “Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in
the British Museum” 10: 22, fig. 9 (Araeoptera). Type locality: Jamaica, Moneagaue.

Three New Araeopteron Hampson, 1893 from China 27

Araeopteron adeni Fibiger & Hacker, 2001, “Esperiana’ 8: 578, Pl. 28: 8. Type local-
ity: Yemen, Prov. Abyan, 50 km NE Aden, 7 km NNW Zinjibar, 50 m.

Araeopteron alboniger Fibiger & Hacker, 2001, “Esperiana” 8: 581, Pl. 28: 14, 15.
Type locality: Yemen, Prov. Ibb, Lower Wadi Duur, village Azuhirya, 1300 m.

Araeopteron amoena Inoue, 1958, “Tinea” 4: 230, fig. 2. Type locality: Japan, Kan-
gawa Pref., Chigasaki.

Araeopteron aulombardi Fibiger & Hacker, 2001, “Esperiana’ 8: 580, Pl. 28: 12, 13.
Type locality: Yemen, Prov. Ibb, Wadi Merhab, village Lajajil, 1600 m.

Araeopteron betie (Dyar, 1914), “Procceedings of the United States National Mu-
seum’ 47: 184 (Araeoptera). Type locality: Panama, Trinidad.

Araeopteron canescens (Walker, 1866), “Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepi-
doptera Heterocera in the Collection of the British Museum” 34: 1318 (?/sopteryx).
Type locality: Australia, Queensland, Moreton Bay.

= favillalis (Walker, [1866]), “Illustrations of Typical specimens of Lepidoptera Heter-
ocera in the Collection of the British Museum” 34: 1319 (?/sopteryx). Type locality:
Australia, Queensland, Moreton Bay.

Araeopteron dawai Han & Kononenko, sp. nov., “ZooKeys” (present publication).
Type locality: China, Xizang Autonomous Region, Motuo County.

Araeopteron diehli Fibiger, 2002, “Heterocera Sumatrana” 12.3: 129. Type locality:
Sumatra, S Medan, Dolok Merengir (Simarsopa) 170 m.

Araeopteron ecphaea (Hampson, 1914), “Annals and Magazine of Natural History”
(8)13: 167 (Araeoptera). Type locality: Nigeria, Faro.

Araeopteron elam (Schaus, 1911), “Annals and Magazine of Natural History” (8)8:
108 (Acidaliodes). Type locality: Costa Rica, Juan Vinas.

Araeopteron epiphracta (Turner, 1902), “Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New
South Wales” 27: 132 (Thelxinoa). Type locality: Australia, Queensland, Brisbane.

Araeopteron fasciale (Hampson, 1896), “The Fauna of British India, Including Cey-
lon and Burma. Moths” 4: 543 (Araeopterum). Type locality: Sri Lanka.

Araeopteron flaccida Inoue, 1958, “Tinea” 4: 229, Pl. 32: 1. Type locality: Japan,
Kanagawa Pref., Chigasaki.

Araeopteron fragmenta Inoue, 1965, “Tinea” 7: 81, Pl. 15: 5A, 5B. Type locality:
Japan, Kanagawa Pref., Fujisawa.

Araeopteron goniophora Hampson, 1907, “Journal of the Bombay Natural History
Society” 17: 670. Type locality: Sri Lanka, Nawalpitiya.

Araeopteron griseata Hampson, 1907, “Journal of the Bombay Natural History Soci-
ety” 17: 670. Type locality: Sri Lanka.

Araeopteron imbecilla (Turner, 1933), “Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal
Society of South Australia” 57: 161 (Araeoptera). Type locality: Australia, North
Queensland, Babinda.

Araeopteron koreana Fibiger & Kononenko 2008, "Zootaxa" 1891: 50, Figs 11, 18.
Type locality: South Korea, Pyounchang GW, Moonsen-ri.

28 Hui Lin Han & Vladimir S. Kononenko / ZooKeys 1060: 17-32 (2021)

Araeopteron kurokoi \noue, 1958, “Tinea” 4: 230. Type locality: Japan, Fukoka Pref.,
Hikosan Mt.

Araeopteron legraini Bippus, 2018; “Phelsuma” 26: 23; Type locality: Réunion, La
Possession, 400 m.

Araeopteron leucoplaga (Hampson, 1910), “Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae in
the British Museum” 10: 29, Pl. 149: 19 (Araeoptera). Type locality: Borneo, Pulo Laut.

Araeopteron makikoae Fibiger & Kononenko 2008, "Zootaxa" 1891: 49, Figs 7, 8,
16, 24, 29. Type locality: Russia, Primorye terr., Gornotaezhnoe.

Araeopteron medogensis Han & Kononenko, sp. nov., “ZooKeys’ (present publica-
tion). Type locality: China, Xizang Autonomous Region, Motuo County.

Araeopteron micraeola (Meyrick, 1902, April), “Transactions of the Entomological So-
ciety of London” 35: 36 (Essonistis). Type locality: Australia, Queensland, Brisbane.

= calliscia Turner, 1902 (Thelxinoa), “Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New
South Wales”. Type locality: Australia, Queensland, Brisbane.

Araeopteron microclyta (Turner, 1920), “Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal
Society of South Australia” 44: 161 (Araeoptera). Type locality: Australia, North
Queensland, Kuranda.

Araeopteron minimale Freyer, 1912, “Transactions of the Linnaean Society of Lon-
don (Zool.)” 15(1): 11. Type locality: Seychelles, Mahe.

Araeopteron nebulosa \noue, 1965, “Tinea” 7: 82, pl, 15: 4A, 4B. Type locality: Ja-
pan, Shizouka Pref., Odaru Spa.

Araeopteron nivalis Hampson, 1907, “Journal of the Bombay Natural History Soci-
ety” 17: 671. Type locality: Sri Lanka, Paradeniya.

Araeopteron obliquifascia (Joanis, 1910), “Bulletin de la Société Entomologique de
France” 1910: 201 (Araeoptera). Type locality: Mauritius, Curepipa.

Araeopteron papaziani Guillermet, 2009; “LEntomologiste” 65 (3): 121; Type local-
ity: Réunion, Les Avirons 250 m.

Araeopteron pictale Hampson, 1893, “Illustrations of Typical Specimens of Lepidop-
tera Heterocera in the Collection of the British Museum” 9: 33, 137, Pl. 168: 19.
Type locality: Sri Lanka, Pundaloya.

Araeopteron pleurotypa (Turner, 1902), “Proceedings of the Linnaean Society of New
South Wales” 27: 133 (Thelxinoa). Type locality: Australia, Queensland, Cairns,
Townsville.

Araeopteron poliobapta (Turner, 1925), “Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal
Society of South Australia” 44: 39 (Araeoptera). Type locality: Australia, Queens-
land, Montville.

Araeopteron poliophaea (Hampson, 1910), “Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae
in the British Museum” 10: 29, Pl. 149: 20 (Amaeoptera). Type locality: Sri Lanka,
Maskeliya.

Araeopteron proleuca Hampson, 1907, “Journal of the Bombay Natural History So-
ciety” 17: 671. Type locality: India, Sri Lanka.

Three New Araeopteron Hampson, 1893 from China 29

Araeopteron rufescens (Hampson, 1910), “Catalogue of the Lepidoptera Phalaenae
in the British Museum” 10: 27, Pl. 149: 17 (Amaeoptera). Type locality: Sri Lanka,
Kegalle.

Araeopteron schreieri Fibiger & Hacker, 2001, “Esperiana” 8: 579, Pl. 28: 10, 11.
Type locality: Yemen, 36, Prov. Al Hudaydah, Jabal Burra, 25 km SE Bajil, 600 m.

Araeopteron sterrhaoides (Fibiger & Hacker, 2001), “Esperiana” 8: 582: Pl. 28: 16,
17 (Araeopterella). Type locality: Yemen, Prov. Sanaa, Jabal Raymah, 25 km E Al
Mansuriyah, Wadi Bullbull, 2 km SE Khansa, 700 m.

Araeopteron tibeta Han & Kononenko, sp. nov., “ZooKeys” (present publication).
Type locality: China, Xizang Autonomous Region, Motuo County.

Araeopteron vilhelmina (Dyar, 1916), “Proceedings of the United States National
Museum” 51: 18 (Araeoptera). Type locality: Mexico, Tabasco, Teapa.

Araeopteron xanthopis Hampson, 1907, “Journal of the Bombay Natural History
Society” 17: 672. Type locality: Sri Lanka, Haldamulla.

Araeopteron yemeni Fibiger & Hacker, 2001, “Esperiana’ 8: 577, Pl. 8: 4. Type local-
ity: Yemen, Prov. Sanaa, Jabal Raymah, 25 km E Al Mansuriyah, Wadi Bullbull,
2 km SE Khansa, 700 m.

Acknowledgements

The present study was supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China,
No. 31872261, 31572294 and 31272355, and the Fundamental Research Funds for the
Central Universities (No. 2572019CP11). We are grateful to Mr Wa Da and Mr Yong-
qiang Xu for their help and support during field work in the Motuo region during 2018.

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