ZooKeys 1082: 27-50 (2022) A peer-rev iewed open-access journal I
doi: 10.3897/zookeys. 1082.77637 RESEARCH ARTICLE 7Z,00Ke y

https:/ / ZOO keys. pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research

New species and new records of Scolytoplatypus
Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China,
and resurrection of Scolytoplatypus sinensis
(Tsai & Huang, 1965) as a distinct species

Song Liao! , Shengchang Lai? , Roger A. Beaver’, Heiko Gebhardt’, Jianguo Wang'

| Laboratory of Invasion Biology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 340045, China 2. College
of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China 3 161/2 Mu 5, Soi Wat Pranon,
T. Donkaew, A. Maerim, Chiangmai 50180, Thailand 4 Maienfeldstraffe 23/1, D-72074 Tiibingen, Germany

Corresponding author: Jianguo Wang (jgwang@jxau.edu.cn)

Academiceditor: M. Alonso-Zarazaga | Received 4 November 2021 | Accepted 22 December2021 | Published 18January2022
http://zoobank. org/EF5 BO3E7-AODB-4F3A-BBDA-47D41 C78E2D9

Citation: Liao S, Lai S, Beaver RA, Gebhardt H, Wang J (2022) New species and new records of Scolytoplatypus
Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China, and resurrection of Scolytoplatypus sinensis (Tsai & Huang, 1965) as
a distinct species. ZooKeys 1082: 27—50. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1082.77637

Abstract

This study describes two new species, Scolytoplatypus wugongshanensis Liao, Lai & Beaver, sp. nov. and
S. skyliuae Liao, Lai & Beaver, sp. nov., reinstates S. sinensis (Tsai & Huang, 1965) from synonymy
with S. mikado (Blandford, 1893), and records five species for the first time from China, S. brahma
Blandford, 1898, S. curviciliosus Gebhardt, 2006, S. minimus Hagedorn, 1904, S. ruficauda Eggers, 1939,
S. samsinghensis Maiti & Saha, 2009, and three from mainland China, S. blandfordi Gebhardt, 2006,
S. calvus Beaver & Liu, 2007, S. pubescens Hagedorn, 1904. A key to the males of Scolytoplatypus species
in China is given. Genetic data from four genes indicate a rather isolated position for both new species,

although their genetic relationship to each other was close.

Keywords
Ambrosia beetles, Fujian, Jiangxi, molecular phylogeny, Scolytoplatypodini, taxonomy

* These authors have contributed equally to this work.

Copyright Song Liao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0),
which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

28 Song Liao et al. / ZooKeys 1082: 27-50 (2022)

Introduction

The genus Scolytoplatypus was erected for a single species, S. permirus Schaufuss, from
Madagascar (Schaufuss 1891). To date, there are approximately 50 species reported
in the world, most of which are distributed in the Afrotropical and Oriental regions,
and a few in the temperate areas of Japan to India (Wood and Bright 1992; Bright
and Skidmore 1997, 2002; Beaver and Liu 2007; Maiti and Saha 2009; Jordal 2013,
2018). Approximately 16 species are known from the Afrotropical region, including 12
or 13 species on the African continent and three species in Madagascar (Jordal 2018).
Beaver and Gebhardt (2006) reviewed the genus in the Oriental region and recognised
28 species, six of which are known from China. Beaver and Liu (2007) described a new
species S. calvus Beaver & Liu, from Taiwan. Knizek (2008) described a new species,
S. zahradniki Knizek, from Shaanxi, China, and S. darjeelingi Stebbing was listed
for Hunan, Sichuan, and Yunnan in Knizek (2011). The following nine species are
currently recognised to occur in China: S. blandfordi Gebhardt, 2006; S. calvus Beaver
& Liu, 2007; S. darjeelingi Stebbing, 1914; S. mikado (Blandford, 1893); S. pubescens
Hagedorn, 1904; S. raja Blandford, 1893; S. tycon Blandford, 1893; S. superciliosus
Tsai & Huang, 1965 and S. zahradniki Knizek, 2008. S. blandfordi, S. calvus and S.
pubescens were found only in Taiwan, China.

All known species of Scolytoplatypus are ambrosia beetles (Beaver and Gebhardt
2006) which cultivate fungi in a gallery system as the only food source for larvae and
adults. The females of most species have a unique mycangial structure for carrying
fungal spores, located on the pronotum. However, this is absent in some species
(Beaver and Gebhardt 2006), and the mechanism of ambrosial fungal transport is not
known in these species (Mayers et al. 2020). In addition to the structural differences
of the pronotum, the two sexes also show differences in the morphology of the frons,
prosternum, protibia, and elytral declivity. The beetles are monogamous. ‘The gallery
system is started by the female. It consists of an entrance gallery leading to one or
more circumferential branches in one transverse plane. The male joins the female soon
after the beginning of maternal gallery construction, and mating occurs at the gallery
entrance. The male remains in the entrance hole to prevent the entry of predators
and helps with removal of the faecal material (Browne 1961). The eggs are laid in
individual niches above and below the gallery. The larvae develop in individual barrel-
shaped cells, feeding on the ambrosial fungus growing on the walls, and enlarging the
cell as they grow. The fully grown larva pupates in the cell, and the new adult emerges
into the gallery and leaves by the original entrance hole (Beeson 1961; Browne 1961;
Beaver et al. 2014)

In recent years, we have made extensive collections of beetles in China. In this paper,
we describe two new species of Scolytoplatypus from these collections and provide a
DNA-based phylogenetic analysis of several Chinese and other Scolytoplatypus species.
We also record eight species from mainland China for the first time and provide a key
to the males of the Chinese species.

New species of Scolytoplatypus Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China 29

Materials and methods
Abbreviations used for collections
HGT Private collection of Heiko Gebhardt, Ttibingen, Germany;

JXAU College of Agricultural Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nan-
chang, China;

LLY Private collection of Liu, Lan-Yu, Yilan, Taiwan, China;
NACRC National Animal Collection Resource Center, Beijing, China;
RAB Private collection of Roger A. Beaver, Chiang Mai, ‘Thailand;
SYU Museum of Biology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China;

USNM National Museum of Natural History, Washington D.C., USA.

Collections were made in Jiangxi, Yunnan, Sichuan, Zhejiang, Fujian, and Chongging
in China. The samples were immediately preserved in tubes containing 99.9% ethyl
alcohol, which were stored at — 20 °C for DNA extraction and examination. We used
a stereoscopic microscope (Cnoptec SZ680) to examine the beetles. Photographs were
taken with Keens Ultra-Depth of Field 3D Microscope (VHX-600). All photographs
were further adjusted and assembled with Adobe Photoshop CS6. All measurements
were made on ten specimens of both sexes chosen to show the entire variability range.
The body length was measured from the anterior pronotal margin to the elytral apex.
Finally, we also provide references to published illustrations of several species, which
can be found on the Internet or in publications.

DNA was extracted from the adult head. The total genomic DNA was extracted
from each individual using the Ezup Column Animal Genomic DNA Purification Kit
(Sangon Biotech Co. Ltd). Amplification of four gene fragments (COI, EF-la, CAD,
28S) was made by PCR, using primers and cycling conditions previously described
(Jordal et al. 2011). The PCR products containing target bands were sent to Sangon
Biotech Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China) for purification and sequencing, and the sequences
were analysed using the software DNAstar. Additional information on the Scolyto-
platypus material was collected by the authors in China or downloaded from NCBI
(The National Center for Biotechnology Information) (Table 1). Concatenated DNA
sequence data from Jordal (2013) were analysed in MrBayes v. 3.2.6, Partitions and
models were estimated by PartitionFinder 2 and ModelFinder respectively in Phylo-
Suite, GT'R+G were selected for each partition. 10 million generations were run, with
25% of the generations as burn-in, PSRF close to 1.0 and standard deviation of split
frequencies below 0.01 were accepted (Lai et al. 2021). Maximum likelihood (ML)
analyses were conducted with IQ-TREE. The optimal model of molecular evolution
found by ModelFinder each partition based on the Bayesian information criterion
(BIC) scores. Each partition was as follows: 28S = GTR+I+G, CAD = TVMEF+I+G,
COI= GTR+1+G, EF-la = TRN+1+G. Clade support was assessed by 5000 bootstrap

pseudoreplicates of the combined data set.

30

Song Liao et al. / ZooKeys 1082: 27-50 (2022)

Table |. Material used for phylogenetic analyses, including their GenBank accession numbers.

No. Taxon Country COI CAD EF-la 28S Reference
1 Remansus mutabilis Madagascar KF758328 — _KF758316 ~—KF758341 KF758300 —_Jordal 2013
2 = R pygmaeus Madagascar - KF758310 KF758338 KF758294 _—_ Jordal 2013
3. R. sahondrae Madagascar KF758331 KF758319 = _KF758347 ~— KF758303 _Jordal 2013
4 — Scolytoplatypus africanus Uganda EU191866 HQ883822 EU191898 AF308391 — Jordal 2013
5S. brahma China: Yunnan LC657958 ~=-LC657966 = LC657974 ~=— LC657950__—Cs This study
6 S. calvus China: Yunnan LC657960_ ~LC657968 ~=LC657976 = LC657952 This study
7S. congonus Tanzania KF758322 KF758306 KF758334 KF758290 —Jordal 2013
8 _ S. entomoides Papua New Guinea HQ883679 HQ883823 HQ883748 - Jordal 2013
9 S. fasciatus South Africa KF758324 = KF758309 ~—-KF758337. —- KF758293 __Jordal 2013
10 S. hova Madagascar KF758326 KF758314 ~—-KF758340 ~— KF758298 _Jordal 2013
11 S. javanus Malaysia KF758333 - KF758349 KF758305 —_ Jordal 2013
12. S. minimus China: Sichuan LC657959 = LC657967, = LC657975 ~—- LC657951 This study
13 S. neglectus Cameroon KF758332 KF758320 KF758348 KF758304 — Jordal 2013
14S. permirus Madagascar KF758325 KF758311 KF758339 KF758295 —_Jordal 2013
15 S. pubescens China: Yunnan LC657956 = LC657964 = LC657972_ = LC657948 This study
16 S. raja China: Yunnan LC657954 ~=LC657962_ ~=LC657970 ~=— LC657946 This study
17S. rugosus Madagascar KF758330 = _KF758317. ~—-KF758345 ~— KF758301 _Jordal 2013
18 S. sinensis China: Jiangxi LC657957. =©LC657965 ~=LC657973 == LC657949 This study
19 S. truncatus Cameroon KF758323 KF758308 KF758336 KF758292 —_Jordal 2013
20 S. eon Japan JF894375 2 JF713688 JX263764 —_‘Jordal 2013
21 S. unipilus Gabon MG979488 MG979490 MG979489 - Jordal 2013
22 S. wugongshanensis sp. nov. _—_ China: Jiangxi LC657953, = LC657961 = LC657969_ = LC657945 This study
23 S. skyliuae sp. nov. China: Jiangxi LO@6579930 wihLCG57963. SECG57971" 9 C657947 This study

Taxonomic account

Scolytoplatypus wugongshanensis Liao, Lai & Beaver, sp. nov.
http://zoobank.org/5 D6OF7CDD-65BE-4EDF-B594-E61 DFC226527
Figure 1

Type material. Holotype. Male, Cutna: Jiangxi Province, Pingxiang City, Luxi County,
Wanlongshan Town, Wugong Mountain, Yangshimu, 27°34'47"N, 114°13'57"E,
27.1X.2017, log dissection, host Fagaceae sp, Shengchang Lai leg. (deposited in NACRC).

Allotype. Female, the same data as the holotype (deposited in NACRC).

Paratypes. 10 males, 10 females, the same data as the holotype (8 males, 8 females
JXAU; 2 males, 2 females NACRC); 3 males, China: Jiangxi Province, Jian City,
Jinggangshan national nature reserve of Jiangxi, Luofu reservoir, 26°38'27"N, 114°8'45"E,
21.V.2017, log dissection, host unclear, Shengchang Lai leg. (deposited in JXAU); 4 males,
3 females, China: Jiangxi Province, Ganzhou City, Xunwu County, Xiangshan Town,
Congkeng Village, 24°55'51"N, 115°51'14"E, 20.V.2018, log dissection, host unclear,
Shengchang Lai leg. (1 male, 1 female RAB; 3 males, 2 females JKAU); 17 males, 17 females,
China: Fujian Province, Nanping City, Jianyang District, Huilong Town, 27°28'31"N,
118°24'35'E, 152.7m, 15.VIII.2020, log dissection, host unclear, Ling Zhang, Yufeng
Cao leg. (2 males, 2 females USNM; 2 males, 2 female LLY; 2 males, 2 females NACRC;
2 males, 2 females RAB; 2 male, 2 females SYU; 7 males, 7 females JXAU).

Diagnosis. The morphology of the species, especially the male prosternum, indi-
cates that it is more closely related to S. blandfordi Gebhardt. Both species have the

New species of Scolytoplatypus Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China 31

1.00mm 1.00mm

G eels

—SES—EE
1.00mm 1.00mm

Figure |. Scolytoplatypus wugongshanensis (A-F male G, H female) A dorsal view B head anterior view

C ventral view D lateral view E prosternum F elytral declivity G dorsal view H lateral view.

D2

Song Liao et al. / ZooKeys 1082: 27-50 (2022)

Table 2. Diagnostic characters separating Scolytoplatypus wugongshanensis, Scolytoplatypus blandfordi and
Scolytoplatypus skyliuae.

S. wugongshanensis

S. blandfordi

S. skyliuae

Body size Male 3.8—4.2 mm long; female Male 3.1-3.3 mm long; female Male 4.0-4.3 mm long; female
4,0—4.6 mm long. 3.1-3.3 mm long. 4.44.8 mm long.

Frons Male frons with two distinct brushes Male frons with a sparse fringe of | Male frontal margin with a fringe of
of long hairs on the margins. long hairs. hairs dorsally extending to vertex.

Anterior Processes short, bluntly rounded at Processes longer, falcate, sharply Processes inserted just behind anterior

processes tip, lying parallel to anterior margin. tipped, curving anteriorly. margin, broadly triangular, diverging

of male at an angle of ~ 90°

prosternum

Elytral disc Angularly separated from declivity Evenly curving into declivity Evenly curving into declivity

Elytral Male declivity with small spines Male declivity with spines present Male declivity with granules present

declivity present on interstriae 1—7. only on interstriae 1, 3, 5-7. on interstriae 2—5, 8.

Female declivity with long, dense
pubescence.

Female declivity with fine, dense,
yellowish setae.

Female declivity with long, dense
pubescence.

male prosternum raised in a triangle with the apex anterior, and on the anterior mar-
gin, two small, flattened processes set close together on each side of the midline (com-
pare Fig. 1E with Beaver and Gebhardt 2006: fig. 2B). Males of S. wugongshanensis and
S. blandfordi can be distinguished using the characters given in Table 2.

Description. Male. Body. Length 3.8—4.2 mm (3.8 mm in holotype), 2.00—2.21x
as long as wide (2.00 in holotype); dark brown to black in mature specimens, shiny,
elytra slightly darker. Whole body covered with fine, yellowish hairlike setae.

Frons. Shallowly concave, slightly flattened above epistoma, with short and shallow
depressions on its sides and a fine median impressed line on upper half, lower flattened
part without punctures and setae, upper part with minute punctures bearing fine,
erect, yellowish setae, margin with two brushes of long golden hairlike setae above the
eye, widely separated dorsally, curved towards centre of frons and extending nearly to
epistoma; a few long setae on frontal margin at level of antennal insertions.

Antennal club. 2.1—2.2x as long as wide, elongate and triangular, widest near the
base, acuminate, densely covered with short appressed setae, anteroventral margin in
basal half with a row of seven long, erect setae, thickened and curved at tips, apex with
a few long, erect setae.

Pronotum. 0.81—0.87x as long as wide (0.81 in holotype), widest in the middle of its
length, anterior margin with distinct median emargination, posterior margin bisinuate,
slightly produced in the middle, posterolateral corners approximately rectangular, dorsal
surface shining, minutely, moderately densely, rather irregularly punctured except for
small, median, impunctate area just anterior to middle of pronotum, corresponding to
site of mycangium in female, vestiture of very fine and short hairlike setae. Anteroventral
angles with a deep, oval fovea, extending to anterior but not ventral margin of pronotum.

Prosternum. Median part raised in a triangle, its apex anterior not reaching the
anterior margin, anterior quarter shining, smooth, the extreme tip sharply pointed,
posterior three-quarters of triangle more coarsely granulate. Each granule with a mod-
erately long, backwardly directed seta; anterior margin of prosternum with two sym-
metrical, divergent, triangular, translucent processes.

New species of Scolytoplatypus Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China 33

Procoxa. Slightly flattened anteriorly, rugose, a group of longer setae near the
anterior margin; posteriorly with a small, raised, granulate process bearing a loose
brush of long, medially curved, coarse, yellow setae.

Elytra. 1.10-1.21x as long as wide (1.15 in holotype), 1.62—1.76x as long as
pronotum (1.69 in holotype), clearly wider than pronotum, sides almost parallel,
widest in posterior part, then strongly converging to rounded apex, disc of elytra
shining, finely, densely, confusedly punctured, with short, fine, semi-erect, posterior
pubescence, declivity angularly separated from disc, striae and interstriae more clearly
distinct on declivity, striae broadly but weakly impressed, interstriae very densely,
shallowly punctured, interstriae 1-7 each with a row of minute, backwardly directed
spines, vestiture longer and denser than elytral disc.

Abdomen. Ventrites shallowly, densely punctured, each puncture with a fine, back-
wardly directed seta, setae variable in length; last visible ventrite with a band of long
golden setae directed posteriorly.

Female. (Fig.1G, H). Length 4.0-4.6 mm (4.0 mm in allotype), 2.11—2.42x
as long as wide (2.11 in allotype). Similar to male, slightly larger. Frons triangularly
impressed above epistoma, otherwise convex, matt, moderately densely, finely
punctured, reticulate between punctures which bear fine, white, erect, hairlike setae,
median cranial suture prominent, extending as a fine line to apex of frontal impression.
Antennal scape shorter and antennal club oval, shorter and wider than male, rounded
at apex, without a row of erect setae antero-ventrally. Pronotum generally as male, but
with oval mycangial pit surrounded by erect yellow setae in midline anterior to middle;
anteroventral fovea absent. Prosternum a flattened plate lacking specific characters.
Procoxae flattened without a process or brush of hairs posteriorly. Elytra generally as in
male, but interstrial spines on declivity smaller.

Host. Fagaceae sp.

Distribution. China: Fujian (Nanping) and Jiangxi (Ganzhou, Pingxiang).

Biology. Specimens were collected from small branches (2.0—2.3 mm diameter)
of broadleaved trees, including an unidentified species of Fagaceae. The maternal gal-
lery penetrates almost through the whole diameter of the twig, and pupal chambers lie
perpendicular to the maternal gallery.

Etymology. ‘The specific name refers to the type locality, Wugongshan Mountain.

Scolytoplatypus skyliuae Liao, Lai & Beaver, sp. nov.
http://zoobank.org/2DCE3543-8434-49A8-8CCC-DD6B0D07BB40
Figure 2

Type material. Holotype. Male, Cuina: Jiangxi Province, Shangrao City, Yanshan
County, Wuyishan national nature reserve of Jiangxi, Huanggang Mountain,
27°52'56"N, 117°46'37"E, 17.V1I.2017, log dissection, host unclear, Shang Tian,
Shengchang Lai, Lifang Xiao & Peishan He leg. (deposited in NACRC).

Allotype. Female, the same data as the holotype (deposited in NACRC).

34 Song Liao et al. / ZooKeys 1082: 27-50 (2022)

A -_ B

1.00mm 1.00mm

1.00mm

es
7.00mm ~—_oomm

Figure 2. Scolytoplatypus skyliuae (A-F male G, H female) A dorsal view B head anterior view C ventral

view D lateral view E prosternum F elytral declivity G dorsal view H lateral view.

New species of Scolytoplatypus Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China 35

Paratypes. 8 males, 8 females, the same data as the holotype (6 males, 6 females
JXAU; 2 males, 2 females NACRC); 25 males, 19 females, China: Fujian province,
Wuyishan city, Wuyishan national nature reserve of Fujian, Guadun Village,
27°44'34"N, 117°38'2"E, 9.VH.2018, 1347.1m, log dissection, host Castanopsis
fargesii Franch., Shengchang Lai, Kaiping Hu, Jia Lv & Ling Zhang leg. (2 males,
2 females USNM ; 2 males, 2 females LLY; 2 males, 2 females NACRC; 2 males,
2 females RAB; 2 males, 2 females SYU; 15 males, 9 females JXAU).

Diagnosis. Like S. wugongshanensis, this species is similar to S. blandfordi in its
general form and in the structure of the prosternum. The males of those can be distin-
guished using the characters given in Table 2.

Description. Male. Body. Length 4.0—-4.3 mm (4.0 mm in holotype), 2.1 1—2.26x
as long as wide (2.11 in holotype); dark brown to black in mature specimens, whole
body covered with fine, yellowish hairlike setae.

Frons. Strongly concave, slightly flattened above epistoma, with small, shallow
depressions at sides, surface minutely reticulate, finely, sparsely punctured, punctures
with erect, fine hairs, median line extending ~ 1/4 of frontal height, margins with a
row of longer setae below eyes, above eyes a fringe of long, golden setae, extending to
vertex, and inwardly curved to middle of frons.

Antennal club. Ovate, ~ 1.7x longer than wide, widest ~ 1/4 length from base,
apex narrowly rounded, densely covered with short, appressed setae, anteroventral
margin with a row of five or six long erect setae with thickened and incurved tips.

Pronotum. 0.94—1.00x as long as wide (0.94 in holotype), widest at middle,
narrowed posteriorly, anterior margin with distinct median emargination, posterior
margin bisinuate, slightly produced in the middle, posterolateral corners approximately
rectangular, surface smooth, shining, with fine, shallow, irregularly spaced punctures,
more densely placed towards posterior margin, bearing fine setae. Anteroventral angles
with a deep, oval fovea, not extending to anterior or ventral margins of pronotum.

Prosternum. Median part raised in a triangle, its apex anterior, sharply pointed, not
reaching the anterior margin, anterior tip shining, impunctate, posterior part rugose,
shallowly punctured, the punctures with appressed, backwardly directed setae. Two
symmetrical, triangular, translucent processes diverging at an angle of ~ 90°, inserted
just behind anterior margin.

Procoxae. Anterior part flattened, rugose, coarsely, shallowly punctured; posteriorly
with a raised, granulate process bearing long, coarse setae, not forming a distinct brush.

Elytra. 1.10-1.16x as long as wide (1.16 in holotype), 1.31—1.47x as long as
pronotum (1.37 in holotype), clearly wider than pronotum, sides almost parallel, widest
in posterior part, then strongly converging to rounded apex; disc of elytra shining
with confused, fine punctures, more closely placed towards declivity, pubescence fine
and short, semi-erect, posterior; disc evenly rounded into declivity; declivity convex,
densely, finely punctured, sutural interstriae weakly raised in mid-declivity bearing
a row of small pointed granules, striae 1 and 2 and interstriae 2 slightly impressed,
interstriae 2 without granules except for one or two at top of declivity, interstriae 3
slightly raised with a row of pointed granules, interstriae 4 and 5 with a few scattered
granules, interstriae 8 finely carinate posteriorly, the carina extending to the elytral

36 Song Liao et al. / ZooKeys 1082: 27-50 (2022)

Remansus_mutabilis Madagascar
Remansus_pygmaeus Madagascar
Scolytoplatypus_africanus Uganda
r Scolytoplatypus_neglectus Cameroon
Scolytoplatypus_truncatus Cameroon
i Scolytoplatypus_fasciatus South Africa
Scolytoplatypus_rugosus Madagascar
1 Scolytoplatypus_hova Madagascar

Scolytoplatypus_permirus Madagascar

Scolytoplatypus_congonus Tanzania

Scolytoplatypus_unipilus Gabon
Scolytoplatypus_brahma China
1
Scolytoplatypus_entomoides Papua New Guine

Scolytoplatypus_javanus Sarawak

Scolytoplatypus_calvus China
0.99 Scolytoplatypus_raja China
1
Scolytoplatypus_sinensis China

Scolytoplatypus_tycon Japan

Scolytoplatypus_minimus China
Scolytoplatypus_skyliuae China

Scolytoplatypus_wugongshanensis China

Scolytoplatypus_pubescens China
03

Figure 3. Tree topology resulting from Bayesian and ML analyses of four gene fragments.

apex, with a row of minute sharply pointed granules posterolaterally; pubescence
denser and longer on the declivity then elytral disc .

Abdomen. Ventrites shallowly, densely punctured, each puncture with a fine, back-
wardly directed seta, setae variable in length; last visible ventrite with a band of long
golden setae directed posteriorly.

Female. (Fig. 2G, H). Length 4.4-4.8 mm (4.6 mm in allotype), 2.32—2.53x
as long as wide (2.42 in allotype). Similar to male, but slightly larger. Frons convex,
a weak, triangular impression above epistoma, surface finely reticulate, sparsely,
finely punctured, punctures bearing short, fine, erect setae, median cranial suture
extending as a median line to apex of triangular impression. Antennal scape shorter
than in male, antennal club oval, shorter and wider than male, without a row of
erect setae antero-ventrally. Pronotum generally as male, but with a median oval
mycangial pit surrounded by erect yellow setae anterior to middle; anteroventral
fovea absent. Prosternum a flattened plate lacking specific characters. Procoxae
flattened without a posterior process. Elytral declivity generally as in male, but
sutural interstriae very slightly raised, and impression lateral to it obsolescent,
interstrial granules minute.

Host. Castanopsis fargesii Franch. (Fagaceae).

Distribution. Fujian (Wuyishan) and Jiangxi (Shangrao).

Etymology. ‘The species is named for Dr. Sky Liu Lan-Yu for her contributions to
the systematics and biology of wood-boring beetles.

Molecular data. The tree topology resulting from the Bayesian and ML analyses
of the combined molecular data were near identical and all nodes except one received
high support (Fig. 3). Additionally, S. wugongshanensis and S. skyliuae formed a sister
clade to the Asian species of Scolytoplatypus. Phylogenetic analysis indicates a rather
isolated position for both new species, although their genetic relationship was close.

New species of Scolytoplatypus Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China 37

New records and notes on species

Scolytoplatypus sinensis Tsai & Huang, 1965, revised status
Figure 4

Scolytoplatypus sinensis Tsai & Huang, 1965: 121.

Taxonomy. This species has been considered to be asynonym of S. mikado Blandford (Wood
1989; Beaver and Gebhardt 2006). Having now examined a larger number of specimens
from various provinces of China (including Taiwan), we believe it to be a distinct species.
Park (2016) in an unpublished thesis came to the same conclusion based on morphology
and DNA differences, but has not officially published his results. Therefore, we resurrect
the species here. The species was previously recorded from China (Fujian, Sichuan), Korea
and Taiwan (Tsai and Huang 1965; Park 2016). Park (2016) also includes Japan, but we
have seen no specimens from that country, nor any published records.

Material examined. Curna: Jiangxi, Ganzhou, Longnan, Jiulanshan Mtn Nat. Res.,
24.622N, 114.564E, 440 m, 17.v.2018, Lai, S-C. (Im, 1f RAB); 5 males 5 females
(JXAU) as previous except: Chongyi County, Yangmingshan Forest Park, 25°33'56"N,
114°20'18"E, 10.VIL.2021, log dissection, Cinnamomum cassia Presl, Ye Xu leg.; China:
Yunnan, Honghe, Hani Yi Auton, Pref., Jinping Co., 22.78N, 103.23E, 30.vii.2019,
A-Hong-chang, Duan-bo (1m, 1f RAB); China: Zhejiang, Gutianshan Nat. N. Res.,
29°8'18"—29°17'29"N, 118°2'14”-118°11'12"E. CSP 21-SE5, 2009, [no collector]
(1f RAB); as previous except: 29°25'N, 118°12'E, 402 m, CSP 13-SE4, 2010 (1m RAB);
7 males, 7 females ((XAU) China: Fujian Province, Zhangzhou City, Yunxiao County,
Waushan, 23°55'20"N, 117°11'31"E, ca 740 m, 15.VII.2019, log dissection, Cinnamomum
camphora (L.) Presl, Song Liao, Ling Zhang & Shengchang Lai leg.; 14 males, 20 females
(JXAU) China: Chongqing, Wushan County, Luoping Town, 31°12'23"N, 110°05'18"E,
21.VUI.2016, log dissection, host unclear, Shang Tian leg.; 43 males, 27 females (JXAU)
China: Sichuan Province, Xichang City, Leibo County, Mahu Township, 28°24'54"N,
103°46'16"E, ca 1088 m, 5.VIII.2021, log dissection, C. camphora, Song Liao leg.

Distribution. China (Chongqing, Fujian, Jiangxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, Zhejiang)

Remarks. ‘The characters given by Tsai and Huang (1965) to distinguish the spe-
cies from S. mikado are not entirely reliable, showing some degree of intraspecific vari-
ation, and their figures can be misleading. The male of S. sinensis can be distinguished
from S. mikado by the following characters (S. sinensis given first): Prosternum strongly
humped anteriorly when viewed from below vs. anterior part of prosternum almost
flat or weakly raised, never strongly humped; anterior processes of prosternum di-
rected forwards, diverging by up to 60° vs. anterior processes directed more laterally,
diverging at an angle of 60—120°; procoxae with a dense brush of 15—20 long, erect
setae anteriorly near the inner margin vs. procoxae with only a few (4-7) long, erect
setae anteriorly; smaller size, male 3.0—-3.2 mm long vs. male 3.3—3.6 mm long. It
has not been possible to find characters which will reliably separate the females of the
two species if they are not collected in association with males. The suggestion of Tsai

38 Song Liao et al. / ZooKeys 1082: 27-50 (2022)

Figure 4. Scolytoplatypus sinensis (A, C-F male B, G, H female) A dorsal view B dorsal view C ventral

view D lateral view E prosternum F head anterior view G ventral view H lateral view.

New species of Scolytoplatypus Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China a9

and Huang (1965) that there is a difference in the position of the mycangial pore on
the dorsal surface of the pronotum is not borne out by the examination of numerous
specimens of both species.

Hosts. Alnus cremastogyne Burk. (Betulaceae), Amygdalus davidiana (Carr.) C. de Vos
(Rosaceae), Phoebe zhennan S.K. Lee & EN.Wei (Lauraceae), Theaceae (Tsai and Huang

1965). Cinnamomum camphora and C. cassia (Lauraceae) are newly recorded hosts.

Scolytoplatypus blandfordi Gebhardt
Scolytoplatypus blandfordi Gebhardt, 2006: 162, fig. 2B.

Material examined. Cuina: Yunnan, Honghe, Maguanm Gulingqin, 22.731N,
103.993E, 592 m, FIT, 24.iv.2018, DJS17, L.Z. Meng (1m RAB); as previous
except: Lijiang, 24.143N, 100.227E, 3221 m, 28.v.2018, LJ3200—4FI (2m RAB); as
previous except: Puer, Jingdong, Ailoshan, 24.532N, 101.015E, 2499 m, 8.v.2018,
ALS(S)2400—3FI (2m RAB); as previous except: 24.517N, 101.012E, 9.vi.2018, FIT,
ALS2200-—2FI (1f RAB).

Distribution. China (Taiwan). New to Chinese mainland (Yunnan).

Diagnosis. The species is related to S. wugongshanensis and S. skyliuae. The males
can be distinguished by the characters given in Table 2 and the key.

Host. Recorded from Cyclobalanopsis morii (Hayata) Schottky (Fagaceae) (Beaver
and Gebhardt 2006).

Scolytoplatypus brahma Blandford
Figure 5

Scolytoplatypus brahma Blandford, 1898: 425.

Scolytoplatypus hamatus Hagedorn, 1904: 260. Synonymy: Schedl 1952: 159.

Scolytoplatypus hirsutus Blackman, 1943: 124. Synonymy: Schedl 1952: 159.

Scolytoplatypus paucegranulatus Eggers, 1935: 242. Synonymy: Beaver and Gebhardt
2006: 167.

Material examined. 4 males, 1 female (JXAU) China: Yunnan Province, Honghe
Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Jinping County, 22°46'48"N, 103°13'48"E,
21.1V.2017, ethanol trap, Bo Duan, Hongchang A leg.; 1 female (JXAU) as
previous except: Hekou County, Mahuangbao, 22°34'49"N, 103°58'30"E,
10.VIII.2018, ethanol trap, Bo Duan, Hongchang A leg.; 1 male (JXAU) as pre-
vious except: Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Mengpeng Farm,
21°24'45"N, 101°20'21"E, 26.V1I2018, ethanol trap, Bo Duan, Hongchang A leg.;
1 male (JXAU) as previous except: Mengman Farm, 21°23'34"N, 101°18'51"E,

40 Song Liao et al. / ZooKeys 1082: 27-50 (2022)

1.00mm 1.00mm

Cc

1.00mm

Figure 5. Scolytoplatypus brahma (A, C, D male B female) A dorsal view B dorsal view C elytral declivity

D head anterior view.

26.VII.2018, ethanol trap, Bo Duan, Hongchang A leg.; 1 male (JXAU) as previous
except: Mengpeng Farm, 21°24'45"N, 101°20'21"E, 17.X12019, ethanol trap, Bo
Duan, Hongchang A leg.

Distribution. Bangladesh, Borneo, India, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java) Malaysia,
Thailand (Sabah) (Beaver and Gebhardt 2006; Beaver et al. 2014). New to China
(Yunnan)

Diagnosis. The species is most closely related to S. bombycinus, but is considerably
smaller. The male of S. brahma is characterised by its characteristic prosternal plate,
which is structurally similar to that of S. bombycinus, and by a small elongate swelling
in the midline on the upper part of the frons (Blackman 1943: fig. 12).

Host. This species is polyphagous attacking a wide range of host trees in many
families, including: Cryptocarya wightiana Thwaites (Lauraceae), lex dipyrena Wall.
(Aquifoliaceae), Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq. (Meliaceae) (Wood 1992), Erythrina
subumbrans (Hassk.) Merr. (Leguminosae), Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.)
Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae), Theobroma cacao L. (Sterculiaceae), Vernonia arborea
Buch.-Ham. (Compositae) (Kalshoven 1959).

New species of Scolytoplatypus Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China 4]

Figure 6. Scolytoplatypus calvus (A-D female) A dorsal view B lateral view C ventral view D head an-

terior view.

Scolytoplatypus calvus Beaver & Liu
Figure 6

Scolytoplatypus calvus Beaver & Liu, 2007: 227.

Material examined. Curva: Sichuan Prov., Moxi env., Hailuogou valleu, Gonghe vill.,
29°37'27"N, 102°06'28"E, 1715 m, 17—21.vi.2014, at light, J. Hajek, J. Ruzicka, M.

42 Song Liao et al. / ZooKeys 1082: 27-50 (2022)

Thoé (1m RAB); China: W Fujian, Emei Feng, 27°01'N, 117°04'E, 1200-1500 m,
3.-4.vi.2008, Jaroslav Turna (1 female HGT); 2 females (JXAU) China: Yunnan Prov-
ince, Chuxiong City, Zixi Mountain, 25°0'15"N, 101°24'39"E, ca. 2354 m, 12.VII.
2021, ethanol trap, Song Liao, Guangyu Yu leg.

Distribution. China (Taiwan). New to Chinese mainland (Fujian, Sichuan,
Yunnan).

Diagnosis. S. calvus is most closely related to S. mikado and S. raja, but is smaller
than either, and may be distinguished by the characters given in the key.

Host. Not known.

Scolytoplatypus curviciliosus Gebhardt
Scolytoplatypus curviciliosus Gebhardt, 2006: 165, fig. 2K.

Material examined. Cuina: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, 28 km NW Jinghong, vic. An
Ma Xi Zhan (NNNR), 22°12'E, 100°38'E, 700 m, forest, EKL, 8.vii.2008, A. Weigel
(1m, 6f RAB); as previous except: Mengla, Bubeng, 21.610N, 101.582E, 709 m,
6.iii.2019, BB(S)600-4FI, L.Z. Meng (4m, 4f RAB); as previous except: Menglun,
21.929N, 101.254E, 600 m, 2.iv.2018, XTBG600—1FI (2m, 1f RAB).

Distribution. Philippines, Thailand. New to China (Yunnan).

Diagnosis. The species most closely resembles S. parvus and S. reticulatus. The male
can be distinguished from S. parvus by the absence of granules and conspicuous white
hairs on the lower part of the elytral declivity, and from S. reticulatus by the lack of teeth
on the interstriae at the summit of the elytral declivity, and the impressed elytral striae.
The females of all three species lack a mycangial pore on the pronotum. The female of
S. curviciliosus can most easily be distinguished from S. parvus by its slightly larger size
(2.0-2.1 mm vs. 1.8-1.9 mm in S. parvus), and the more strongly angulate posterior
angles of the pronotum, and from S. reticulatus by the non-impressed elytral striae, ob-
solescent on the declivity, and flat, not convex, interstriae (Beaver and Gebhardt 2006).

Host. Unclear.

Scolytoplatypus minimus Hagedorn
Figure 7

Scolytoplatypus minimus Hagedorn, 1904: 125.

Material examined. 1 female (J/XAU) China: Yunnan Province, Baoshan City, Gao-
ligong Mountain Nature Reserve, Baihualing, 25°18'22"N, 98°47'45"E, ca. 1600 m,
28.VII.2019, ethanol trap, Song Liao, Shengchang Lai leg.; CHINA: Yunnan, Yulong-
shan mts., Ganhaizi pass, 3500 m, 18—23.vii.1990, V. Kuban (1m RAB); as previous
except: Xishuangbanna, 28 km NW Jinghong, vic. An Ma Xi Zhan (NNNR), 22°12’E,

New species of Scolytoplatypus Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China 43

OR ee ‘4 ‘

Figure 7. Scolytoplatypus minimus (A, C, D male B female) A dorsal view B dorsal view C prosternum

D head anterior view.

100°38'E, 700 m, EKL, 16.iii.2009, L. Meng (1f RAB); as previous except: Mengla,
Bubeng, 21.610N, 101.582E, 717 m, 16.iii.2019, BB(X)600-3FI, L.Z. Meng (2f RAB);
17 males, 3 females (JXAU) China: Sichuan Province, Xichang City, Leibo County,
Mahu Township, 28°24'54"N, 103°46'16"E, ca. 1088 m, 5.VIII.2021, log dissection,
host Cinnamomum camphora, Song Liao leg.; CHINA: Sichuan, Mt. Emei, 600-1050
m, 5—19.v.1989, L. Bocak (4f RAB); as previous except 1000 m, 4—20.v.1979, V. Kuban
(4f RAB); as previous except: [no altitude], viii.2016, Tian-Shang (1m, 1f RAB).
Distribution. India (Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal); Thailand (Chiang Mai, Nakhon
Sri Thammarat) (Beaver and Gebhardt 2006). New to China (Sichuan, Yunnan).
Diagnosis. ‘The male appears to be related to S. reticulatus which has a similar proster-
num (compare figures 1K and 1L in Beaver and Gebhardt 2006). ‘The females are also very
similar, but the female of S. reticulatus lacks the typical mycangial pore on the pronotum.

44 Song Liao et al. / ZooKeys 1082: 27-50 (2022)

Host. Recorded from species of Alnus (Betulaceae), Cornus (Cornaceae), and Prunus
(Rosaceae) (Beeson 1961), Cinnamomum (Lauraceae) (Beaver and Browne 1975), and
Acrocarpus (Leguminosae) (Saha and Maiti 1996). Evidently polyphagous. In Thailand,
the species was found in smaller branches (1-2 cm diameter) of Cinnamomum iners
Reinw. ex Bl. than those attacked by S. raja and S. pubescens (Beaver and Browne 1975).

Scolytoplatypus pubescens Hagedorn
Figure 8

Scolytoplatypus pubescens Hagedorn, 1904: 123.
Scolytoplatypus pubescens kabakovi Axentjev, 1992: 192.

Material examined. Cuina: Sichuan, Mt. Emei, 600-1050 m, 5—19.v.1989, L. Bocak
(4m, 2f RAB); as previous except 1000 m, 4—20.v.1979, V. Kuban (4m, 3f RAB);
Yunnan, Baoshan, Gaoligong Nat. Res., Bai-Hua-Ling, 25.306N, 98.796E, ca.1600
m, 8.vii.2019, Lai, S-C. & Liao, S. (1m, 1f RAB); 28 males, 19 females (JXAU) as
previous except: 25°17'59"N, 98°47'12"E, ca. 1970 m, 20.VIII.2021, host Carya
cathayensis, Song Liao, Guangyu Yu leg.; Honghe, Hekou, Dajianshan, 22.909N,
103.697E, 2130 m, FIT, 12.v.2018, DJS4-3S8, LZ Meng (1m,1f RAB); Wenshan,
Maguan, Gulinggin, 22.732N, 103.994E, 594 m, FIT, 1.iv.2018, GLQ31, LZ Meng
(1m RAB); Xishuangbanna, 23 km NW Jinghong, vic. Na Ban village (NNNR),
22°10'N, 100°39'E, 7—1000 m, L. Meng (3f RAB).

Distribution. India (Assam, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal), Myanmar, Nepal,
Thailand, Vietnam (Beaver et al. 2014), China (Taiwan). New to Chinese mainland
(Sichuan, Yunnan)

Diagnosis. S. pubescens is most closely similar to S. superciliosus and S. zahradniki,
but can be distinguished by the characters given in the key.

Host. The species is known to attack at least 12 different families of trees (Beaver
and Gebhardt 2006). Carya cathayensis Sarg. (Juglandaceae) is recorded here as a

new host.

Scolytoplatypus ruficauda Eggers
Scolytoplatypus ruficauda Eggers, 1939: 9: Beaver and Gebhardt 2006: fig.2A.

Material examined. CHINA: Yunnan, Puer, Jingdong, Ailoshan, 24.5411N,
101.030E, 2690 m, 8.v.2018, ALS(S)2600-5FI, L.Z. Meng (6m HGT).

Distribution. Myanmar, Nepal (Beaver and Gebhardt 2006). New to China
(Yunnan).

Diagnosis. ‘The species is most closely similar to S. wugongshanensis. but can be
distinguished by the characters given in the key.

Host. Not known.

New species of Scolytoplatypus Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China 45

Figure 8. Scolytoplatypus pubescens (A, C, D male B female) A dorsal view B dorsal view C prosternum

D head anterior view.

Scolytoplatypus samsinghensis Maiti & Saha
Scolytoplatypus samsinghensis Maiti & Saha, 2009: 101, fig. 20.
Material examined. Cuina: Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengle, Bubeng, 21.615N,

101.579E, 853 m, FIT, 5.v.2018, BB800-1FI, L.Z. Meng (3m RAB); as previous
except: 21,611N, 101.581E, 712 m, 15.v.2018. BB600—2FI (3f RAB).

46 Song Liao et al. / ZooKeys 1082: 27-50 (2022)

Distribution. India (West Bengal). New to China (Yunnan).

Diagnosis. The species is very close to S. eutomoides Blandford, but differs from
it on the basis of the following characters of the males (S. samsinghensis given first):
1. striae 1 and 2 marked up to the lower half of declivity, little elevation at interstriae
1 and 3, on or near the elevation with fairly large granules vs. striae 1 and 2 marked
up to upper half of declivity and lower half with smaller granules; 2. punctures on
pronotum rather deep vs. punctures on pronotum, rather shallow; 3. strial groove
marked by elongate and confluent punctures vs. strial groove devoid of any distinct
punctures; 4. frontal hairs restricted only towards vertex vs. upper half of frons with
hairs (Maiti and Saha 2009).

Host. Not known.

Key to males of Chinese Scolytoplatypus species

- {Front fem ith a toothabove meat apexes caf. cece ae Ae cen, ee 2
= SsFronriemur nottoothed above. crceicccsecatraccunugeseu cre souyove data Meare areata Wemtntrcets 3
2 Prosternum with median carina, extending from near the base and clearly sepa-
rating the anterior, concave processes, its tip minutely granulate and setose, ex-
tending just beyond the anterior margin of the prosternum. Striae and interstrial
carinae becoming obsolescent on declivity. Larger species, 3.7—3.8 mm long ......
Dabs Fe an Sn A RPI, Soni ORE, EO S. samsinghensis Maiti & Saha
— Prosternum almost flat, the concave, anterior processes almost contiguous in
midline, very narrowly separated by a carinate process extending to anterior mar-
gin of pronotum, its tip smooth and glabrous. Impressed striae visible almost to

apex of elytra. Smaller species, 2.6—3.1 mm long............... S. brahma Blandford
3: Sonal species, not more than 2, Win: LOM ives AS aes ceas ht cascade tee beeecen teense 4
= “larcerdpecies; nore thay, Demin loner salsrildites coined belacinedeienrtasentedeaentoataatie 5

4 Declivity beginning posterior to the middle of elytra. Elytra with distinct teeth on
interstriae at summit of declivity, alternately longer and shorter. Frons with an even
fringe of hairs around the upper half of the frontal impression. Prosternum with a
small triangular median projection anteriorly, behind this a pair of widely separated,
weakly shining, flattened areas. 1.4—1.6 mm long............... S. minimus Hagedorn

— Declivity beginning anterior to the middle of elytra. Summit of elytral declivity
without denticles. Frons with brushes of long, incurving hairlike setae both above
and below eyes. Prosternum flat, smooth, with a small, flat, broadly rounded
process anterior: 1 8—U Dam Lona. ai eldsponssseedsrlvaees S. curviciliosus Gebhardt

5 Summit of elytral declivity marked by strongly developed spines on alternate in-
terstriae, the spines projecting over a steep declivity. Basal angles of pronotum
StrOnely Produced’ POlMLeCADIEAIY Jus aamep et eceaaeetenec ronda onrenetes aactupeee masa 6

— Summit of elytral declivity without spines or with small spines on all interstriae.
Spines not projecting over a steep declivity, declivity in side view angular or grad-
ually rounded. Basal angles of pronotum not produced... eeeseeseeeeeseeeeeees 9

6 Body length 2.4—2.5 mm. Frons without a dorsal fringe of longer setae. Prono-
tum minutely punctured. Prosternum with a transverse ridge anteriorly, some-

10

1]

di

13

14

New species of Scolytoplatypus Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China 47

times bearing two tubercles, and anterior to this a pair of widely separated taper-
IMG, DE OGESSE Ss. erat ue Neen cease rR eae taabod snk lute ne Dttaedad S. calvus Beaver & Liu
Body length 3.0-3.6 mm. Frons with a dorsal fringe of setae. Pronotum coarsely,
shallowly punctured. Prosternum with two tubercles anteriorly, and anterior to
thenna pair of narrowly separated tapering processes. ati.cciutauetnp tions obysicecebnbe stokes’ Th
Elytral spines with a few short setae only, elytral declivity glabrous or almost so.
B50 SiO gM LO LO Bia. ts cauea ees. Neots a NOTE ons iE uinae AR. oLamiroatemty mean suet atn gaia 8
Elytral spines with tufts of long setae, elytral declivity covered with short inter-
Strialt hairs..3.0=3;2) ln LOG 5d. ccvcwnct cn steonesteteer evoaevarevt greet S. raja Blandford
Prosternum strongly humped anteriorly. Anterior prosternal processes directed
forwards, diverging by up to 60°. Procoxae with a dense brush of 15-20 long,
erect setae anteriorly near the inner margin. 3.0-3.2 mm long... eee
SEE ees a EET PE TEES FRR Pe Oe rns em aeDE S. sinensis Tsai & Huang
Prosternum not strongly humped anteriorly, flat or weakly raised. Anterior pros-
ternal processes directed more laterally, diverging at an angle of 60—120°. Pro-
coxae with only a few (4—7) long, erect setae anteriorly. 3.3-3.6 mm long..........
t sDarsssas Hadas peumans MebacelMacnid a Nope sem atny tana cmaar ls eh aaaen ERoee bs S. mikado Blandford
Interstriae on posterior part of disc distinctly costate or carinate. Elytra with small
interstrial’tecth-nearsumimit-.or deelivitya... devg. cone Reishee te hago bate 10
Interstriae on posterior part of disc not raised. Elytra without interstrial teeth at
summit of declivity (except pubescens with minute teeth) 0... eeeeeeeees 11
Frons with brushes of hairlike setae above and below eyes. Anterior margin of
prosternum projecting in two rounded lobes, slightly asymmetrical, and with a
translucent process on the right side only. Pronotum without a deep fovea at the
antero-ventral angle. 2.8-3.0 mm long ............... S. superciliosus Tsai & Huang
Frons with a fringe of setae around upper part of frontal impression. Anterior
margin of prosternum with two symmetrical, divergent, triangular processes. Pro-
notum with a deep fovea at the antero-ventral angle. 2.6—-3.3 mm long ..............
meshes SAO EY tae SS le a Soule aA hd eS ak A neat S. zahradniki Knizek
Middle of frons with an area with very dense, short setae. Elytra with minute
interstrial teeth at summit of declivity. Prosternum anteriorly with two triangular
processes inserted on anterior margin, widely separated at the base but converging
towards the midline. 3.5—3.7 mm long... cece S. pubescens Hagedorn
Middle of frons without an area with very dense, short setae. Elytra without teeth
atsummitrondeclivity. Prosternuim-Ot as aDOVesc...c0.-.cesaceos Svea veeh wventen 12
Prosternum raised in middle in a triangle, the apex anterior or posterior......... 13
Prosternum flat or weakly convex, not raised in a triangle... eee eeeeeeereees 16
Apex of prosternal triangle anterior, with a single pointed tubercle; anterior
margin with two symmetrical, divergent, triangular, translucent processes ......14
Apex of prosternal triangle posterior, anterior margin projecting in two rounded
lobes, slightly asymmetrical, and with a translucent process on the right side only.
DS 320 MUON GS sores nes eak seiiveas eta B ada toes Messed teases S. ruficauda Eggers
Elytral disc angularly separated from declivity. Anterior processes of prosternum
inserted on anterior margin, small, short, bluntly rounded at tip, lying parallel to

48 Song Liao et al. / ZooKeys 1082: 27-50 (2022)

AUTEM Orernat eis 518 —4 OT melo oes. fbr scant eee at seach an seatattaed st Rceniy see asededees
Boars te isnt a ptuahal omtieancties S. wugongshanensis Liao, Lai & Beaver, sp. nov.
— Elytral disc evenly curving into declivity. Prosternal processes inserted just behind
ANCE MOPINAL CME ALIO PASSOVER pati Leduc shaven bases hare biaet tot auk fon russts phektasrbastua st 15
15 Anterior processes of prosternum falcate, sharply tipped and curving anteriorly.
Smaller: speci¢s,-3:1=3.3 mam ong st... nse snedge esse tees. S. blandfordi Gebhardt
— Anterior processes of prosternum broadly triangular, diverging at an angle of ~
90°. Larger species, 4.0—4.3 mm long... S. skyliuae Liao, Lai & Beaver, sp. nov.
16 Upper half of frons clearly punctured, lower half impunctate, with a rather sparse
fringe of hairs on each side curving inwardly, but not extending to lower half
of frons. Prosternum without a pair of translucent processes anteriorly. Rows of
punctures on elytral disc feebly but clearly impressed before declivity. Larger spe-
clés, 39—45*mmiploner = Ste aoe aoe eee ee S. tycon Blandford
— Frons impunctate throughout, the incurved brushes of hairs denser and longer,
extending beyond middle of frons. Prosternum with a pair of widely separated,
translucent, divergent processes anteriorly. Rows of punctures on elytral disc not
impressed, usually indistinct. Smaller species, 2.9-3.2 mm long ....... eee

aa pen ceinyeien peverarinryen eH ee tet NEE Sen ce ANE TIRES MER i. S. darjeelingi Stebbing

Conclusions

Although the biology of the two new species has not been systematically studied, it can
be expected to be similar to that of other species of Scolytoplatypus (Beaver and Gebhardt
2006). Scolytoplatypus is a very characteristic genus of ambrosia beetles, and even the
smallest of the known species are larger than the average wood boring beetle (Jordal 2018).
The species of Scolytoplatypus show marked sexual dimorphism. Some morphological
characteristics of Asian species, as opposed to African species, differ between the sexes,
e.g., antenna, pronotum, male prosternum. The characters of the male prosternum are
particularly useful at specific level in the Oriental species (Beaver and Gebhardt 2006).

The total number of species, host plants and distribution of Scolytoplatypus in China
are still unclear and need further study. Many other species have been reported in
neighbouring countries of China, which still have not been found in China. In addition,
new species of Scolytoplatypus are being described one after another (Beaver and Gebhardt
2006; Browne 1971; Jordal 2013, 2018; Knizek 2008), indicating quite strongly that
many more species remain to be discovered, especially on the mainland China.

Acknowledgements

We appreciate the help provided by Jia Lv, Ling Zhang, and others in our fieldwork. We
are also most grateful to Mr. Hongbin Zhu (Nanjing Customs, District P. R. China)
and Chengpeng Long (Zhejiang A&F University, District PR R. China) for the

New species of Scolytoplatypus Schaufuss (Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from China 49

photographic equipment. We are thankful to Max Barclay (Natural History Museum,
London), Arnaud Faille (Naturkundemuseum Stuttgart), Matthias Hartmann
(Naturkundemuseum Erfurt), and Harald Schillhammer (Naturhistorisches Museum,
Vienna) for providing the loan of types and other specimens.

This research was funded by grant National Natural Science Foundation of China
(no. 31160380, 31360457, 31760543), Thousand Talents Program of Jiangxi Prov-
ince (no. jxsq2018102116), National Foreign Experts Project of Jiangxi Province (no.
G20200222010, G2021022002), Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Educa-
tion Department (no. GJJ200443).

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