ZooKeys 1206: 99-136 (2024) = / ooKeys DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1206.120824 Research Article Revision of Troporhogas Cameron (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae) with six new species from India and Thailand Donald L. J. Quicke™, A. P. Ranjith’?®, Marisa K. Loncle™, Cornelis van Achterberg?“®, Khuat Dang Long™®, Buntika A. Butcher'® 1 Integrative Insect Ecology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment (ATREE), Royal Enclave, Srirampura, Jakkur Post, Bangalore 560064, India Department of Terrestrial Zoology, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, Netherlands Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China Institute of Ecology & Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Corresponding author: Buntika A. Butcher (buntika.a@chula.ac.th) on - Ww ND Abstract The genus Troporhogas Cameron, 1905 from the Indo-Malayan region is reviewed. Six new species, Troporhogas alboniger Quicke, Loncle & Butcher, sp. nov., 7. benjamini Quicke, Loncle & Butcher, sp. nov., 7; hugoolseni Quicke, Loncle & Butcher, sp. nov., T. ra- faelnadali Quicke, Loncle & Butcher, sp. nov., and T. rogerfedereri Quicke, Loncle & Butch- er, sp. nov. from Thailand, and T. anamikae Ranjith, sp. nov. from India are described and illustrated photographically, bringing the total number of species of the genus known from the Indo-Malayan Region to 19. Troporhogas is recorded for the first time from In- pias Qaccess dia. A key is included to differentiate Troporhogas species. A four-gene ML tree based on COl, Cytb, 16S and 28S is reconstructed, representing the six new species. Troporhogas contrastus Long, 2014, originally described from Vietnam, is recorded from Thailand for Academic editor: the first time. The holotypes of the type species, Troporhogas tricolor Cameron, 1905 and Mostafa Ghafouri Moghaddam that of its junior synonym Iporhogas are illustrated, and photographs are presented of all Received: 13 February 2024 the species known only from China and Sri Lanka. Sexual colour dimorphism of males Accepted: 22 May 2024 of several species is described for the first time. Drawings summarising the different Published: 5 July 2024 patterns of black marks on the metasoma that aid species recognition are presented. ZooBank: https://Zoobank. | ; 0rg/39B52383-4713-4F9D-B7C6- Key words: Checklist, [porhogas, ML phylogeny, new species, Rogadinae, Southeast 96C9A7F05184 Asia, Troporhogas Citation: Quicke DLJ, Ranjith AP Loncle MK, van Achterberg C, Long : KD, Butcher BA (2024) Revision of Introduction Troporhogas Cameron (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Rogadinae) with six new The cosmopolitan Rogadinae Forster, 1863 is one of the most diverse subfam- species from India and Thailand. ilies of Braconidae, with more than approximately 1,200 described species and ZooKeys 1206: 99-136. https://doi. 54 genera worldwide (Yu et al. 2016; Quicke et al. 2021). Of these, 16 Rogadi- org/10.3897/zookeys.1206.120824 nae genera occur in the New-World regions and 50 in the Old World tropics. Regarding its described species, it is the third most diverse subfamily in South Copyright: © Donald L. J. Quicke et al. East Asia (SEA) with 196 species known for Thailand (Songvorawit et al. 2021), This is an open access article distributed under terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (Attribution 4.0 International - CC BY 4.0). while in contrast, only 36 species were reported for India (Yu et al. 2016; Ranjith 99 Donald L. J. Quicke et al.: Six new species of Troporhogas et al. 2018, 2022; Rishabanu et al. 2021); the large former number is largely due to a single revisionary work on one huge genus by Butcher et al. (2012). Rogadine wasps are koinobiont endoparasitoids that attack caterpillars in sev- eral groups (Zaldivar-River6n et al. 2008; Quicke et al. 2021). When the rogadine wasp has completed its development, the host caterpillar is easily recognised because it is mummified and usually found attached to its host plant (van Achter- berg 1991; Zaldivar-Riveron et al. 2008; Quicke 2015). This biological trait makes the subfamily particularly useful for the study of host-parasitoid associations, because the caterpillar’s remains can often be identified based on morphology (van Achterberg et al. 2020) or molecular techniques (Quicke et al. 2012). Unfor- tunately, there are no biological data as yet for the genus Troporhogas. Until recently, specimens from the Indo-Malayan region were referred to un- der the generic name /Iporhogas Granger, 1949, which was originally described from Madagascar based on a single species. Troporhogas Cameron, 1905, was originally described from Sri Lanka; however, it was subsequently referred to only in catalogues, and species from SEA and southern China were described under the name Iporhogas. The two genera were formally synonymised by Quicke et al. (2021) based on a molecular phylogenetic study in which a Sri Lankan specimen of T. ruficeps Cameron, closely related to T. tricolor, the type species of Troporhogas, was deeply nested in a clade with species that had been assigned to Iporhogas (Chen and He 1997; Long 2014). We illustrate here the type species of the genera Troporhogas and Iporhogas here in Fig. 1. The type species of Troporhogas, T. tri- color, has a distinct mid-longitudinal carina on the median area of the metanotum (Fig. 1E), whereas this is absent in the type species of Iporhogas (Fig. 10). Troporhogas was originally described based on seven species, all from Sri Lanka, viz.: T. albipes, T. lateralis, T. maculipennis, T. ruficeps, T. spilonotus, T. tri- color, and T. trimaculatus (Figs 2, 3). Of these, T: maculipennis was transferred to Megarhogas by Baltazar (1972). Troporhogas spilonotus was transferred to Pseudogyroneuron Baker, 1917, by Baltazar (1972) and then to Canalirogas van Achterberg & Chen, 1996, by Quicke and Shaw (2005) and subsequently treated as a senior synonym of C. balgooyi van Achterberg & Chen, 1996 (van Achterberg and Chen 1996) by Long and van Achterberg (2015). Troporhogas lateralis was formally transferred to Rogas, often regarded as a senior synonym of Aleiodes, and then to Aleiodes by Broad (2021); in the same paper, Broad designated a lectotype for T. trimaculata. Members of Troporhogas can be recognised by the key provided in Chen and He (1997) in which they will key to |porhogas. Many Troporhogas species have a distinctive habitus together with a bicoloured metasoma, black medially on some tergites (mainly on TT1—5) and white, especially on the anterolateral areas of the tergites (Long 2014), but in others it may be uniformly honey-co- loured to ochraceous. Chen and He (1997) recorded the genus for the first time from China, and described five new species, and Long (2014) recorded it from Vietnam and de- scribed an additional four species, all of these under the generic name /porhogas. Here we describe six more new species, T; anamikae sp. nov. from India, and T. alboniger sp. nov., T. benjamini sp. nov., T. hugoolseni sp. nov., T. rafaelnadali sp. nov., and T. rogerfedereri sp. nov. from Thailand, bringing the total number of Troporhogas species known worldwide to 20. This is the first report of Tropor- hogas from India and T. contrastus (Long 2014) and T. tricoloratus (Long 2014) ZooKeys 1206: 99-136 (2024), DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1206.120824 100 Donald L. J. Quicke et al.: Six new species of Troporhogas Figure 1. Drawings of lectotypes of A-J Troporhogas tricolor Cameron, the type species of the genus, and K-W T. infus- catipennis (Granger), type species of Iporhogas A wings B head, anterior view C head, dorsal view D habitus, lateral view E mesosoma, dorsal view F metasomal tergites 1 and 2, dorsal view G hind legs H middle tibial spurs I hind tibial spurs, inner aspect J outer hind claw K wings L head, anterior view M head, dorsal view N habitus, lateral view O mesosoma, dorsal view P metasomal tergites 1-3, dorsal view Q base of first tergite, lateral view R hind leg S middle tibial spurs, inner aspect T hind tibial spurs, inner aspect U outer hind claw V antenna W apical three flagellomeres. are recorded from Thailand for the first time. A key is provided to enable recog- nition of all non-Afrotropical species. Further, since the original descriptions of the Chinese species, despite being quite thorough, were only illustrated with a few line drawings, we present photographs of the type specimens to facilitate use of the key. Phylogenetic relationships among all species of Troporhogas for which DNA data are available were also reconstructed based on four gene markers: cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI), cytochrome b (Cyt b), 16S rDNA, and the D2-D3 expansion region of 28S rDNA. Materials and methods Specimens were collected with light traps at Doi Phu Kha National Park, Nan and Nakhon Ratchasima, with Malaise traps at Khao Yai National Park, Thailand, and by sweep net from secondary forests at Janakikkad, Kerala, south India. The holotypes of T. alboniger sp. nov., T. benjamini sp. nov., T; hugoolseni sp. nov., T. rafaelnadali sp. nov. and T. rogerfedereri sp. nov. were imaged using a Leica M205 C with Montage multifocus, interactive measurement and fusion optics stereo microscope, using the Leica Application Suite (LAS). Holotype images of T. anamikae sp. nov. were taken using a Keyence VHX-6000 digital microscope. Raw figures were edited with the program GIMP v. 2.10. ZooKeys 1206: 99-136 (2024), DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1206.120824 101 Donald L. J. Quicke et al.: Six new species of Troporhogas Figure 2. Light micrographs of 9 holotypes of Troporhogas species described by Cameron (1905) A T. albipes Cameron, lateral view B T. albipes, dorsal view (labels inset) C T. ruficeps Cameron, lateral view (labels inset) D T. ruficeps, dorsal view. Repositories AIMB ATREE Insect Collection, Ashoka Trust for Research in Ecology and the Environment, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India CUMZ __ Insect Museum, Chulalongkorn University Museum of Natural Histo- ry, Bangkok, Thailand NHMUK_ Natural History Museum, London QSBG Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden, Chiang Mai, Thailand ZooKeys 1206: 99-136 (2024), DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1206.120824 102 Donald L. J. Quicke et al.: Six new species of Troporhogas F , tL j ! ! 4 _— 5 i" Say Oe oad — = xX a ae —— Figure 3. Light micrographs of Troporhogas A T. tricolor Cameron lectotype 9, lateral view B T. tricolor lectotype, dorsal view C T. trimaculatus Cameron syntype 9, lateral view D T. trimaculatus syntype, dorsal view E labels of T. trimaculatus syntype. Terminology follows van Achterberg (1988) except for wing venation which follows Sharkey and Wharton (1997) and Butcher and Quicke (2023). Metaso- mal tergite/tergites are abbreviated as T/TT. Molecular methods A molecular data matrix was created comprising up to four gene regions: bar- coding region of cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 (COI), cytochrome b (386 base pairs) (Cytb), regions IV and V of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene from H2507 to H1792' (~ 650 bp), and the D2-D3 expansion region of 28S rDNA (28S). Most se- quences (one sequence of the new species T. benjamini, T. rafaelnadali, and T. rog- erfedereri and sequences of T. contrastus, T. ruficeps, T. tricoloratus, Troporhogas spp. 1-5, Papuarogas dameni, Rogasodes spp. 1 and 2, and Rogasella sp. 3) are taken from Quicke et al. (2021) and were generated from wasp legs by the Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, based on standard protocols as described in Hebert et al. (2003), Park et al. (2010), and Quicke et al. (2023). In ad- dition, we included sequences from representatives of three closely related spe- cies belonging to the genera Papuarogas Quicke, 2021, Rhogasella Baker, 1917, and Rogasodes Chen & He, 1997 as outgroups based on the large phylogeny pre- sented by Quicke et al. (2021). Most of the Cytb sequences are newly generated. ZooKkeys 1206: 99-136 (2024), DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1206.120824 103 Donald L. J. Quicke et al.: Six new species of Troporhogas Alignment of both COI and cytochrome b sequences was trivial as there were no indels. The length-variable 28S sequences were aligned according to the secondary structure model of Gillespie et al. (2005) as in other studies (Butch- er et al. 2014; Quicke et al. 2016) and the length-variable 16S sequences were aligned according to the secondary structure models (Buckley et al. 2000; Wu et al. 2014). For both COI and Cytb, the three codon positions were each treated as a separate partition. For both 16S and 288, only confidently aligned base pairs were included and each was treated as a single partition. Maximum likelihood (ML) trees were constructed using RAXxML v. 7.0.4 (Sta- matakis 2014) with the GTFRGAMMA model and a rapid bootstrap (100 repli- cates) using the options -m GTRGAMMA -f a -# 100 command. Tree was visu- alised using FigTree v. 1.4.4. (Rambaut 2018). Provenances of sequenced specimens, DNA barcode index numbers (BINs), and GenBank accessions numbers are given in Suppl. material 1. In addition, the colour pattern on metasomal tergite of Troporhogas is provided in Fig. 21. Results Checklist and distribution of Troporhogas species worldwide Troporhogas anamikae Ranjith, sp. nov., India Troporhogas albilateralis (Long, 2014) (= Iporhogas albilateralis Long, 2014), Vietnam, Thailand) Troporhogas albipes Cameron, 1905, Sri Lanka Troporhogas alboniger Quicke, Loncle & Butcher, sp. nov., Thailand Troporhogas benjamini Quicke, Loncle & Butcher, sp. nov., Thailand Troporhogas chinensis (Chen & He, 1997), (= Iporhogas chinensis Chen & He, 1997), China Troporhogas contrastus (Long, 2014), (= Iporhogas contrastus Long, 2014), Vietnam, Thailand Troporhogas flavistigma (Chen & He, 1997), (= Iporhogas flavistigma Chen & He, 1997), China Troporhogas guangxiensis (Chen & He, 1997), (= Iporhogas guangxiensis Chen & He, 1997), China, Vietnam Troporhogas hugoolseni Quicke, Loncle & Butcher, sp. nov., Thailand Troporhogas infuscatipennis (Granger, 1949), (= Iporhogas infuscatipennis Granger, 1949), Madagascar Troporhogas rafaelnadali Quicke, Loncle & Butcher, sp. nov., Thailand Troporhogas rogerfedereri Quicke, Loncle & Butcher, sp. nov., Thailand Troporhogas ruficeps Cameron, 1905, Sri Lanka Troporhogas rugivertex (Chen & He, 1997), (= Iporhogas rugivertex Chen & He, 1997), China Troporhogas simulatus (Long, 2014), (= |porhogas simulatus Long, 2014), Vietnam Troporhogas tricolor Cameron, 1905, Sri Lanka Troporhogas tricoloratus (Long, 2014), (= Iporhogas tricoloratus Long, 2014), Vietnam Troporhogas trimaculatus Cameron, 1905, Sri Lanka Troporhogas unicolor (Chen & He, 1997), (= Iporhogas unicolor Chen & He, 1997), China, Thailand ZooKeys 1206: 99-136 (2024), DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1206.120824 104 Donald L. J. Quicke et al.: Six new species of Troporhogas Phylogeny The maximum likelihood tree obtained is shown in Fig. 4. Troporhogas was recovered as monophyletic with 100% bootstrap support. The circles at nodes indicate rapid bootstrap clade support. The genus comprised two separate clades each with 100% bootstrap support, one including all the Afrotropical species and the other all Indo-Australian species. Six of the Thai species and the one from India form a monophyletic group with 79% bootstrap support. Rapid bootstrap support 0.95-1.0 @ 0.75-0.94 @ 0.50 — 0.74 [ Troporhogas-contrastus BBTH2782-21_ Thailand Troporhogas-contrastus_BBTH2774-21_ Thailand Troporhogas-contrastus BBTH2762-21_ Thailand Troporhogas-contrastus_ BBTH2783-21_Thailand Troporhogas-contrastus_BBTH2784-21_ Thailand Troporhogas-contrastus_BBTH2787-21 Thailand Troporhogas-contrastus_BBTH2781-21_ Thailand 1 Troporhogas-alboniger-nsp_BBTH1810-19_Thaila Troporhogas-alboniger-nsp_ASQSQ372-09_Thaila Troporhogas-contrastus ASQSR224-11_Thailand Troporhogas-contrastus_ BBTH2785-21 Thailand | Troporhogas-contrastus_ BBTH2776-21_ Thailand Troporhogas-anamikae-nsp_BBTH2693-21_India Troporhogas-benjamini-nsp_E Troporhogas-benjamini-nsp Troporhogas-benjamini-nsp Troporhogas-benjamini-nsp_/ Troporhogas-benjamini-nsp_ Tt Troporhogas-hugoolseni-nsp_ BCLDQ013-14. Thailand Troporhogas-tricoloratus B Troporhogas-tricoloratus ; Troporhogas-rafaelnadali-nsp_BBTH2758-21_ Thailand Troporhogas-rafaelnadali-nsp_ASQSR223-11_ Thailand Troporhogas-sp_ASPNF145-12_ Papua_New_Guinea Troporhogas-ruficeps ASQSQ066-09_ SriLanka Troporhogas-roc¢ Troporhogas-sp_ASQSR279-11_Democratic-Republic-Congo Troporhogas-sp_ASQBR534-09_ Cameroon Troporhogas-sp_ ASQBR992-20 Democratic-Republic-Congo Troporhogas-sp_BBTH7/74-17 Madagascar Papuarogas-dameni_ASQSP022-08 Papua_New_Guinea Rogasodes-sp2_ASQSQ563-09_ Thailand Rogasodes-sp1_ASQSQ054-09_ Thailand Rhogasella-sp3_ASQSR197-11_ Thailand Figure 4. Maximum likelihood tree based on combined analysis of four gene fragments (COI, Cytb, 16S, 28S) using GTR+G parameter model with Troporhogas represented by 31 BINS. Support values at nodes are rapid bootstrap and indicated by coloured dots. ZooKeys 1206: 99-136 (2024), DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1206.120824 105 Donald L. J. Quicke et al.: Six new species of Troporhogas Of these, T. rafaelnadali sp. nov. and T. tricoloratus were both supported = 99%. The most basal member of the Asian clade was T. rogerfedereri sp. nov., a species that appears most closely related, on the basis of morphology, to the Chinese T. flavistigma, both sharing five carinae in the scutellar sulcus and an- teriorly widely-separated submedial longitudinal propodeal carinae anteriorly (Figs 16G, 19F). However, within the remainder of this clade there was little support for the additional species recognised by morphological characters, especially for T. alboniger sp. nov. and T. contrastus Long and our reasons for recognising this new species are dealt with below. Systematics Class Insecta Linnaeus, 1758 Order Hymenoptera Linnaeus, 1758 Family Braconidae Nees, 1811 Subfamily Rogadinae Foerster, 1863 Troporhogas Cameron, 1905 Troporhogas Cameron, 1905: 92 (type species Troporhogas tricolor Cameron, 1905). Iporhogas Granger 1949: 167; synonymised by Quicke et al. 2021: 16. Generic diagnosis. Antenna usually ~ 1.5 x fore wing length; palpi normal; face at least with some transverse striation; malar suture shallow; eyes emarginate; temple with fine striation; frons rather flat, usually with transverse of oblique Striation, usually with a pair of carinae running posteriorly from the lateral mar- gins of antennal sockets and then converging more or less joining anterior to median ocellus separating frons into anterior and posterior portions (Figs 15B, C, 17B); occipital carina complete, joining hypostomal carina ventrally well-re- moved from base of mandible; mesosoma largely smooth shiny; notauli mod- erately deep and crenulate, converging but not uniting posteriorly, not reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum; prepectal carina complete or nearly so; pre- coxal sulcus present; scutellar sulcus wide with single mid-longitudinal carina; metanotum with mid-longitudinal carina at least posteriorly, though sometimes indistinct; propodeum areolate, with at least a trace of submedial carinae close together anteriorly, gradually diverging posteriorly; tarsal claws usually with small to large, pointed or angulate basal lobe (except absent in T. guangxiensis and J. simulatus); fore wing vein 1m-cu antefurcal, slightly curved, gradually merging into vein 1CUb; 2"¢ submarginal cell elongate, vein 2RS > 1.7 x width of cell; hind wing vein 1M straight, approximately as long as M+CU; hind wing vein RS weakly curved basally and only short basal stub, tubular and sclerotised; hind wing vein m-cu absent; hind wing veins M+CU and 1M of approximately same length; middle tibial spurs largely setose and nearly straight; apex of hind tibia with distinct comb of specialised setae medially; hind tibial spurs curved and at least apical half glabrous; T1 not widened basally, with large dorsope, dorsal carinae united behind level of spiracles to form complete mid-longitu- dinal carina, and without pair of submedial carinae; T2 with distinct mid-basal ZooKeys 1206: 99-136 (2024), DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1206.120824 106 Donald L. J. Quicke et al.: Six new species of Troporhogas triangular area, giving rise to complete or nearly complete mid-longitudinal ca- rina; TT3-6 without mid-longitudinal carina; TT2—5 with sharp lateral crease, largely finely longitudinally striate; hypopygium large, ventrally slightly convex and apically truncate; ovipositor sheath rather slender. Type species. Troporhogas tricolor Cameron, 1905 (Fig. 3). Diagnosis. Antenna longer than body, slender, setose, 40-50 flagellomeres. Eyes large, clearly emarginated on inner side; malar space short (Fig. 3B). Maxillary palp very long, slender, setose, 4—5 jointed (Fig. 3D). Temple short, oblique. Occiput sharply margined, transverse (Fig. 3C). Metanotum with two roundly diverging carina basally (Fig. 3E). Mesopleuron with a depression ven- trally (Fig. 3D). Legs long and slender; femora narrowed basally (Fig. 3J). Fore wing 2"? submarginal cell 2.0 x longer than wide, of equal width throughout; anal vein not interstitial (Fig. 3A); vein (RS+M)b short; vein r-rs less half the length of 3RSa; vein 3RSb longest and curved upwards (Fig. 3A). Tarsi longer than tibiae; basitarsus longer than two following joints combined (Fig. 3J). Hind tibial spurs glabrous (Fig. 11). Metasoma 2.0 x as long as mesosoma (Fig. 3D); TT1-3 closely longitudinally striated (Fig. 3G); TT4—6 with posteri- or transverse furrows; base of TT4—6 depressed, apex of TT4—6 raised and clearly separated from the base. Hypopygium large, cultriform; ovipositor shortly projecting, the sheaths stout (Fig. 3D). Head rufous; mesosoma largely orange with propodeum largely piceous; metasoma cream-white with medial black mark on T2, with larger black marks on TT3 and 4 which reach lateral margins posteriorly. Key to the species of Indo-Malayan Troporhogas 1 Tarsal claws simple, without lobe; hind tibial spurs entirely glabrous ..2 ~ Tarsal claws with minute to large lobe; hind tibial spurs setose basally ... 3 2(1) Occipital carina in dorsal view angularly concave; stemmaticum with- out any dark mark; hind wing vein SC+Ra almost straight apically; vein SC+Rb of hind wing quadrate; TT 1-3 ochreous yellow, 4-6 paler yellow. VIGUMANT el nce re thrcs Sree Male trees Ae Vera URL A Sak UVa Pana RNO Ev T. simulatus Long 7 Occipital carina in dorsal view roundly concave; propodeum without areola and with basal carina; hind wing vein SC+Ra distinctly curved api- cally; hind wing vein SC+Rb subquadrate, swollen apically; metasomal tergites yellowish with pale brown patches anteromedially (Fig. 19H). SMe, VACCINE et xcce eases vue aeterecees eee eee T. guangxiensis Chen & He 3(1) | Metasoma honey to brownish yellow with or without darker marks or palenmarks(Figs' 2A, Be SD ATO BHO Aye vosss.nesovensevervetvousersteaneeVovessoosresetens 4 = Metasoma white or pale cream with black marks (Fig. 20)................0. 7 4(3) | Wing membrane patterned hyaline and grey (Figs 2A, 3C) .............060 5 = Wing membrane plain and uniform (e.g. Figs 5D, 9B) ...........cccceeeees 6 5(4) — Hind femur robust (Fig. 2A); hind leg boldly patterned, white with distal 0.7 femur dark brown (Fig. 2A); mesoscutum uniformly brown-yellow (BIG 2B IS SHARK t 3 castle ed th canbe aerate eee T. albipes Cameron = Hind femur slender (Fig. 3C); hind leg uniformly brown-yellow (Fig. 3C); mesoscutum with three dark marks (Fig. 3D). Sri Lanka.................0006 MeinseEnss Le tetce SAVER RefuhaiegPORPTe Ecce tes wok Ao e eS ates Take t T. trimaculatus Cameron ZooKeys 1206: 99-136 (2024), DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1206.120824 107 Donald L. J. Quicke et al.: Six new species of Troporhogas 6(4) Occipital carina in dorsal view strongly angularly (Fig. 19C); vertex smooth; fore wing veins all pale yellow. China....... T. unicolor Chen & He or Occipital carina in dorsal view weekly rounded; vertex transversely ru- gose; fore wing veins 1M, 1CUb and 1cu-a darker brown than remaining MEME UMS MM laste coc eee tet assem alte a anna! T. rugivertex Chen & He 7(3) | Submedial propodeal carinae anteriorly forming a wide inverted ‘U’- shape (Figs 16G, 19F); scutellar sulcus with five carinae between outer borders (Figs 16G, 19F); T5 variable, often largely or entirely cream- white (Fig. 18D, F); vertex largely smooth except immediately posterior TO-STEIMIMIATUIC UNM x? ceveisview, Senet echoes aac Seanswed beewavede, sume acct audi as lett ewna dicks 8 = Submedial propodeal carinae anteriorly running closer together and forming an inverted narrow or wider V-shape (Fig. 14A); scutellar sulcus usually with three carinae between outer borders (Figs 14A, 15F, 19B); T5 largely black except for anterolateral areas (Figs 2C, D, 15G, 16D, TETAS ©); VETLOK VATA ES. Ls ssa ine agouti nevi goes ese lgtisos eoorsrdtue pacha setievoaytie rey 9 8(7) — Occipital carina medially forming a point (Fig. 19G); vertex largely smooth except immediately posterior to stemmaticum; pterostigma largely yel- low-brown and venation pale (Fig. 19G); dark mark on T1 not reaching posterior margin (Fig. 19H). China.................00. T. flavistigma Chen & He = Occipital carina medially more rounded (Fig. 16C); vertex (extending well towards temples) strongly transversely striate (Fig. 16D); pterostig- ma black (Fig. 161); dark mark on T1 reaching posterior margin (Fig. TSE SEH allariONs..chugt en ieen tk ee oe T. rogerfedereri sp. nov. OG