683 MycoKeys MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025) DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 Research Article Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses reveal five new species of Hymenochaetales (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) from southwestern China Yunfei Dai’®, Qi Yuan"™®, Xin Yang™®, Rui Liu2®, Defu Liu’, Haisheng Yuan*®, Changlin Zhao's® 1 College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China 2 Kunming Municipal Capital Construction Archives, Kunming 650032, China 3 Yunnan Key Laboratory of Gastrodia and Fungal Symbiotic Biology, Zhaotong University, Zhaotong 657000, China 4 Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China Corresponding authors: Changlin Zhao (fungi@swfu.edu.cn); Haisheng Yuan (hsyuan@iae.ac.cn) OPEN Qaccess This article is part of: Exploring the Hidden Fungal Diversity: Biodiversity, Taxonomy, and Phylogeny of Saprobic Fungi Edited by Samantha C. Karunarathna, Danushka Sandaruwan Tennakoon, Ajay Kumar Gautam Academic editor: Samantha C. Karunarathna Received: 8 December 2024 Accepted: 4 February 2025 Published: 26 February 2025 Citation: Dai Y, Yuan Q, Yang X, Liu R, Liu D, Yuan H, Zhao C (2025) Morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analyses reveal five new species of Hymenochaetales (Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota) from southwestern China. MycoKeys 114: 133-175. https://doi. org/10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 Copyright: © Yunfei Dai et al. This is an open access article distributed under terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (Attribution 4.0 International - CC BY 4.0). Abstract Wood-inhabiting fungi can decompose wood materials and play a crucial role in the nat- ural world by maintaining the equilibrium of the Earth’s ecosystems. In the present study, five new wood-inhabiting fungal species belonging to the order Hymenochaetales, Hy- menochaete weishanensis, Lyomyces albofarinaceus, Lyomyces albomarginatus, Tubu- licrinis albobadius and Xylodon musicola, collected from southern China, are proposed based on a combination of morphological features and molecular evidence. Hymeno- chaete weishanensis is characterized by a coriaceous, tuberculate hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with simple-septate generative hyphae, and ellipsoid to narrow ellipsoid basidiospores (4.0-5.0 x 2.0-3.0 um); Lyomyces albofarinaceus is character- ized by pruinose hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae, and broadly ellipsoid basidiospores (6.0—7.0 x 5.0-6.0 um); Lyomyces albomar- ginatus is characterized by the cracked hymenial surface, clamped generative hyphae, and elliposoid basidiospores (4.0-5.5 x 2.7-3.5 um); Tubulicrinis albobadius is char- acterized by an arachnoid hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and cylindrical to allantoid basidiospores (4.0-6.0 x 1.5-2.2 um) and Xylodon musicola is characterized by an arachnoid hymenial surface, a monomitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae and broadly ellipsoid to globe basidio- spores (4.0-5.5 x 3.5—5.0 um). Sequences of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and the large subunit (nrLSU) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (rDNA) markers of the studied samples were generated. Phylogenetic analyses were performed using maximum likeli- hood, maximum parsimony, and Bayesian inference methods. Full descriptions, illustra- tions, and phylogenetic analysis results for the five new species are provided. Key words: Biodiversity, Classification, Molecular systematics, New taxa, Wood-inhabit- ing fungi, Yunnan Province 133 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Introduction Fungi are well-known as a diverse group of microorganisms that play important roles in forest ecosystems (Phookamsak et al. 2019). Mushroom-forming fungi (Agaricomycetes) have the greatest morphological diversity and complexity of fungi (Varga et al. 2019). Wood-inhabiting fungi are essential to natural eco- systems for nutrient cycling and maintaining plant diversity (Drinkwater et al. 2017; Horwath 2017; Hyde et al. 2018; Wu et al. 2022; Guan et al. 2023; Yuan et al. 2023; Deng et al. 2024a, b; Dong et al. 2024; Yuan and Zhao 2024; Zhang et al. 2024). The order Hymenochaetales was described as a monotypic order to accommodate Hymenochaetaceae (Frey et al. 1977; Wu et al. 2022). Hymeno- chaetales is globally distributed in forest ecosystems, and it comprises 15 fam- ilies and 84 genera, of which 19 genera have no certain position at the family level (Wu et al. 2022; Wang et al. 2023; Wang and Zhou 2024). Most of the species in Hymenochaetales are polypores and corticioid fungi, which show high morphological diversity and various trophic modes, including saprotrophs, parasites, and symbionts (Wang and Zhou 2024). The genus Hymenochaete Lév. was erected in 1846 and typified by H. rubigi- nosa (Dicks.) Lév. Hymenochaete is characterized by annual to perennial, resupi- nate, effused-reflexed to pileate basidioma with smooth, tuberculate, lamellate, poroid or hydnoid hymenophores; a monomitic or dimitic hyphal system; pres- ence of setae, and hyaline, thin-walled, narrowly cylindrical to globose basidio- spores (Léger 1998; Parmasto 2001; He and Dai 2012; Li et al. 2024a). Léger (1998) wrote a worldwide monograph on Hymenochaete, providing a key to this genus. According to Index Fungorum (www.indexfungorum.org; accessed on 4 February 2025), the genus Hymenochaete has 362 registered names with 235 accepted species worldwide (Léger 1998; Parmasto 2001; Parmasto and Gilb- ertson 2005; He and Dai 2012; Parmasto 2012; He et al. 2017; Nie et al. 2017; Pacheco et al. 2018; Miettinen et al. 2019; Du et al. 2021a, b; Li et al. 2024a). The genus Lyomyces P. Karst. was introduced by Karsten (1881) and is typ- ified by L. sambuci (Pers.) P. Karst. Lyomyces comprises corticioid fungi char- acterized by thin, effused, membranaceous basidiomata that appear fragile in a dry state and show hymenial surface predominantly white or whitish. The hyphal system is monomitic, subicular hyphae thin- or somewhat thick-walled, while the cystidia are thin-walled with tapering, cylindrical, sub-capitate, or cap- itate apical parts. Basidia are utriform, and the basidiospores are colorless with thin to thick, smooth, or occasionally minutely warted walls (Yurchenko et al. 2024a). The members of Lyomyces grow on dead, still-attached, or fallen branches of angiosperms, on dead, wooden, or herbaceous stems, and occa- sionally on gymnosperm wood (Yurchenko et al. 2017; Chen and Zhao 2020). Molecular studies on Lyomyces and related genera have been carried out re- cently (Riebesehl and Langer 2017; Yurchenko et al. 2017; Viner et al. 2018; Rie- besehl et al. 2019; Chen and Zhao 2020; Yuan et al. 2024). Riebesehl and Langer (2017) indicate that Hyphodontia s.|. should be divided into several genera as Hastodontia (Parmasto) Hjortstam & Ryvarden, Hyphodontia J. Erikss, Kneiffiel- la (Pers.) Gray, Lagarobasidium Julich, Lyomyces and Xylodon (Pers.) Gray and thus thirty-five new combinations were proposed, including fourteen Lyomyces species (Dong et al. 2024). The Lyomyces sambuci complex was clarified based on ITS and 28S sequences analyses and four new species of Lyomyces were MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 134 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China described (Yurchenko et al. 2017; Dong et al. 2024). Viner et al. (2018) studied the taxonomy of Lagarobasidium and Xylodon and indicated that twelve species clustered into the Lyomyces clade and then grouped with the Xylodon clade. Phylogenetic and morphological studies on Lyomyces showed that Lyomyces grouped with Hastodontia, Hyphodontia, Kneiffiella, and Xylodon, in which the Lyomyces type species L. sambuci was sister to L. crustosus (Pers.) P. Karst. formed a single lineage with high support (Riebesehl et al. 2019). The genus Tubulicrinis Donk, typified by T. glebulosus (Fr.) Donk (Donk 1956), was a member of the corticioid fungi. They are characterized by resupinate basidiomata, firmly adnate, smooth, pruinose toporulose hymenophore, a mo- nomitic hyphal system with clamped connections on generative hyphae and conspicuous, projecting, amyloid cystidia and small basidia, and cylindrical to allantoid or globose to ellipsoid, thin-walled, smooth, IKI- (both inamyloid and indextrinoid), acyanophilous basidiospores (Donk 1956; Bernicchia and Gorjén 2010; Dong et al. 2024). So far about 46 species have been accepted in the genus worldwide (Donk 1956; Eriksson 1958; Cunningham 1963; Oberwinkler 1966; Hayashi 1974; Ryvarden 1975; Hjortstam 1981; Hjortstam et al. 1988; Rajchenberg 2002; Sharma et al. 2015; Crous et al. 2016; Gruhn et al. 2016; He et al. 2021; Dong et al. 2024). Molecular studies in the genus Tubulicrinis have been carried out by Larsson et al. (2006); Dai (2011); Crous et al. (2016); and Dong et al. (2024) and indicated that two Tubulicrinis species, T. gracillimu (Ellis & Everh. ex D.P. Rogers & H.S. Jacks.) G. Cunn. and T. subulatus (Bourdot & Galzin) Donk, formed a monophyletic lineage and then grouped with Coltricia clade in Hymenochaetaceae (Larsson et al. 2006). A revised checklist of corti- cioid and hydnoid fungi showed that six species of Tubulicrinis were recorded (Dai 2011); they were nested into the Tubulicrinaceae clade, which belongs to the order Hymenochaetales (Crous et al. 2016; Dong et al. 2024). Based on morphological and molecular analysis of Tubulicrinis, two new species were described as T. xantha C.L. Zhao and T. yunnanensis C.L. Zhao (He et al. 2021). The genus Xylodon (Pers.) Gray is typified by X. quercinus (Pers.) Gray (Bernic- chia and Gorjon 2010; Yuan and Zhao 2024). The taxa of this genus grow on rotten gymnosperm or angiosperm trunks and stumps, bamboo, and ferns (Greslebin and Rajchenberg 2000; Kotiranta and Saarenoksa 2000; Girometta et al. 2021; Guan et al. 2023; Yuan and Zhao 2024). This genus is characterized by the resu- pinate or effused basidiomata with a smooth, tuberculate, grandinioid, odontioid, coralloid, irpicoid, or poroid hymenophore; a monomitic or dimitic hyphal system with clamped generative hyphae; the presence of different types of cystidia; utri- form or suburniform basidia; and cylindrical to ellipsoid to globose basidiospores (Gray 1821; Bernicchia and Gorjén 2010; Zhang et al. 2024; Yuan and Zhao 2024). Based on the MycoBank database (http://www.mycobank.org, accessed on 4 Feb- ruary 2025 and the Index Fungorum (http://www.indexfungorum.org, accessed on 4 February 2025, 241 specific and infraspecific names are registered for Xylodon, of which, 134 are accepted species (Chevallier 1826; Kuntze 1898; Wu 1990, 2000, 2001, 2006; Hjortstam and Ryvarden 2007, 2009; Xiong et al. 2009, 2010; Bernic- chia and Gorjon 2010; Tura et al. 2011; Dai 2012; Lee and Langer 2012; Yurchenko and Wu 2014; Zhao et al. 2014; Chen et al. 2016; Kan et al. 2017a, b; Wang and Chen 2017; Viner et al. 2018, 2021; Riebesehl et al. 2019; Shi et al. 2019; Dai et al. 2021; Luo et al. 2021a, 2022; Qu and Zhao 2022; Qu et al. 2022; Guan et al. 2023; Dong et al. 2024; Yuan et al. 2024; Yurchenko et al. 2024b; Zhang et al. 2024). MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 135 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China The present work describes five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwest China, based on the morphology and phylogeny. To clarify the place- ment and relationships of these new species, we carried out a phylogenetic and taxonomic study based on the combined ITS+nLSU and ITS only sequences analyses. Full descriptions, illustrations, and comparison of five new species with closely related taxa and phylogenetic trees showing the placement of five new species within the order Hymenochaetales are provided. Materials and methods Sample collection and herbarium specimen preparation The fresh fruiting bodies were collected on the fallen angiosperm branches which came from Dali, Zhaotong, and Qujing of Yunnan Province, China, and the important collection information was noted (Rathnayaka et al. 2024). The sam- ples were photographed in situ, and fresh macroscopic details were recorded. Photographs were recorded by a Nikon D7100 camera. All the photos were fo- cus-stacked using Helicon Focus software, and macroscopic details were re- corded. Specimens were dried in an electric food dehydrator at 40 °C (Hu et al. 2022; Dong et al. 2024). Once dried, the specimens were sealed in an envelope and zip-lock plastic bags and labeled (Dong et al. 2024). The dried specimens were deposited in the herbarium of the Southwest Forestry University (SWFC), Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. Morphology The macromorphological descriptions were based on field notes and photos cap- tured in the field and lab. The color terminology follows Petersen (1996). The mi- cromorphological data were obtained from the dried specimens after observation under a light microscope with a magnification of 10 x 100 (Zhao et al. 2023; Dong et al. 2024). Sections were mounted in 5% KOH and 2% phloxine B dye (C,,H,Br,C, ,Na,O,), and we also used other reagents, including Cotton Blue and Melzer’s reagent to observe micromorphology following (Dong et al. 2024). To show the variation in spore sizes, 5% of measurements were excluded from each end of the range and shown in parentheses. At least thirty basidiospores from each speci- men were measured. Stalks were excluded from basidia measurements, and the hilar appendage was excluded from basidiospores measurements. The following abbreviations are used: KOH = 5% potassium hydroxide water solution, CB- = acyanophilous, IKI— = both inamyloid and non-dextrinoid, L = mean spore length (arithmetic average for all spores), W = mean spore width (arithmetic average for all spores), Q = variation in the L/W ratios between the specimens studied, and n = a/b (number of spores (a) measured from given number (b) of specimens). Molecular phylogeny The CTAB rapid plant genome extraction kit-DN14 (Aidlab Biotechnologies Co., Ltd., Beijing, China) was used to obtain genomic DNA from the dried specimens according to the manufacturer's instructions. The ITS region was amplified with ITS5 and ITS4 primers (White et al. 1990). The nLSU region was amplified with MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 136 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China the LROR and LR7 (Vilgalys and Hester 1990; Rehner and Samuels 1994). The PCR procedure for ITS was as follows: initial denaturation at 95 °C for 3 min, followed by 35 cycles at 94 °C for 40 s, 58 °C for 45 s, and 72 °C for 1 min, anda final extension of 72 °C for 10 min. The PCR procedure for nLSU was as follows: initial denaturation at 94 °C for 1 min, followed by 35 cycles at 94 °C for 30 s, 48 °C for 1 min, and 72 °C for 1.5 min, and a final extension of 72 °C for 10 min. The PCR products were purified and sequenced at Kunming Tsingke Biological Technology Limited Company (Yunnan Province, PR. China). The newly gener- ated sequences were deposited in NCBI GenBank (Table 1). The sequences were aligned in MAFFT version 7 (Katoh et al. 2019) using the G-INS-i strategy. The alignment was adjusted manually using AliView version 1.27 (Larsson 2014). A sequence of Thelephora ganbajun obtained from GenBank was used as an outgroup to root trees in the ITS+nLSU analysis (Fig. 1) in the order Hy- menochaetales (Wang and Zhou 2024) (TreeBASE WEB submission ID 31958). Sequence of Hydnoporia tabacina (Sowerby) Spirin, Miettinen & K.H. Larss. ob- tained from GenBank was used as an outgroup to root trees in the ITS analysis in the genus Hymenochaete (Fig. 2) (TreeBASE WEB submission ID 31959). Se- quences of Xylodon quercinus (Pers.) Gray and Xylodon ramicida Spirin & Miet- tinen obtained from GenBank were used as outgroups to root trees in the ITS analysis in the genus Lyomyces (Fig. 3) (TreeBASE WEB submission ID 31960). A sequence of Gyroporus castaneus (Bull.) Quél. obtained from GenBank was used as an outgroup to root trees in the ITS analysis in the genus Tubulicrinis (Fig. 4) (TreeBASE WEB submission ID 31961). A sequence of Lyomyces sambuci (Pers.) P. Karst. obtained from GenBank was used as an outgroup to root trees in the ITS analysis in the genus Xylodon (Fig. 5) (TreeBASE WEB submission ID 31962). Maximum parsimony (MP), Maximum Likelihood (ML), and Bayesian Infer- ence (BI) analyses were applied to the combined three datasets following a previous study (Zhao and Wu 2017), and the tree construction procedure was performed in PAUP* version 4.0610 (Swofford 2002). All of the characters were equally weighted, and gaps were treated as missing data. Using the heuristic search option with TBR branch swapping and 1,000 random sequence addi- tions, trees were inferred. Max trees were set to 5,000, branches of zero length were collapsed, and all parsimonious trees were saved. Clade robustness was assessed using bootstrap (BT) analysis with 1,000 replicates (Felsenstein 1985). Descriptive tree statistics, tree length (TL), consistency index (Cl), reten- tion index (RI), rescaled consistency index (RC), and homoplasy index (HI) were calculated for each maximum parsimonious tree generated. The multiple se- quence alignments were also analyzed using maximum likelihood (ML) in RAx- ML-HPC2 on XSEDE v 8.2.8 with default parameters (Miller et al 2012). Branch support (BS) for ML analysis was determined by 1,000 bootstrap replicates. jModelTest v2 (Darriba et al. 2012) was used to determine the best-fit evolu- tion model for each dataset for the purposes of Bayesian inference (BI), Bayes- ian inference was performed using MrBayes 3.2.7a with a GTR+I+G model of DNA substitution and a gamma distribution rate variation across sites (Ronquist et al. 2012). The first one-fourth of all the generations were discarded as burn- ins. The majority-rule consensus tree of all the remaining trees was calculated. Branches were considered significantly supported if they received a maximum likelihood bootstrap value (BS) of = 70%, a maximum parsimony bootstrap value (BT) of = 70%, or Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP) of = 0.95. MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 137 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Table 1. List of species, specimens, and GenBank accession number of sequences used in this study. [New species is shown in bold; * type material; — is shown data without used]. Order/Family Species Name Boletales/Gyroporaceae Gyroporus castaneus Hymenochaetales/ Chaetoporellaceae Echinoporia hydnophora Kneiffiella eucalypticola Kneiffiella subglobosa -/Hymenochaetaceae Basidioradulum mayi Basidioradulum radula Coltricia abieticola Fulvoderma australe Fulvoderma yunnanense Fuscoporia gilva Fuscoporia sinica Hydnoporia tabacina Hydnoporia tabacina Hymenochaete acerosa Hymenochaete adusta Hymenochaete angustispora Hymenochaete angustispora Hymenochaete anomala Hymenochaete asetosa Hymenochaete attenuata Hymenochaete bambusicola Hymenochaete berteroi Hymenochaete biformisetosa Hymenochaete boddingii Hymenochaete boddingii Hymenochaete boddingii Hymenochaete borbonica Hymenochaete cana Hymenochaete cinnamomea Hymenochaete colliculosa Hymenochaete colliculosa Hymenochaete colliculosa Hymenochaete conchata Hymenochaete contiformis Hymenochaete cruenta Hymenochaete cyclolamellata Hymenochaete damicornis Hymenochaete damicornis Hymenochaete denticulata Hymenochaete dracaenicola Hymenochaete dracaenicola Hymenochaete duportii Sample No. JMP 0028 LWZ 20150802-9 LWZ 20180509-11 LWZ 2018041 6-6 LWZ 20180510-18 LWZ 20201017-62 Cui 10321 LWZ 20190809-39b CLZhao 10651 MSU653 LWZ 20190816-19a LWZ 20210924-26a He 390 He 338 He 207 Dai 17045 Dai 17049 He 592 Dai 10756 He 28 He 4116 He 1488 He 1445 MEH 66068 MEH 69996 MEH 66150 CBS 731.86 He 1305 He 755 Dai 16427 Dai 16428 Dai 16429 MEH 70144 He 1166 He 766 Cui 7393 URM 84261 URM 84263 He 1271 Dai 22090 Dai 22096 AFTOL ID666 MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 GenBank Accession No. ITS EU819468 ON063639 MT319410 MT319413 MNO17785 ON063684 KX364785 ON063644 0L619278 JF461327 ON063649 ON063651 JQ279610 JQ279543 JQ279523 MF370592 MF370593 JQ279566 JQ279559 JQ279526 KY425674 KU975459 KF908247 MN030343 MN030341 MN030344 MH862026 KF438169 JQ279548 MF370595 MF370596 MF370597 MF373838 KU975461 JQ279595 JQ279513 KC348466 KC348467 KF438171 MW559797 MW559798 DQ404386 nLSU ON063838 MT319142 MT319145 MNO17792 ON063884 KX364804 ON063843 0L619278 JF461327 ON427358 ON063851 USA China China China Australia China China China China Thailand China China China China China China China China China China China China China India India India Netherlands China China China China China India China China China Brazil Brazil China China China USA References Palmer et al. (2008) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021a) Wang et al. (2023) Bian and Dai (2017) Wang et al. (2023) Direct Submission Insumran et al. (2012) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) Yang and He (2014) Du et al.(2021a) Du et al.(2021a) Du et al.(2021a) Du et al.(2021a) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) Du et al.(2021a) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) Du et al.(2021a) Du et al.(2021a) He et al. (2017) Du et al. (2021a) Du et al. (2021a) He et al.(2017) 138 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Order/Family Species Name -/Hymenochaetaceae Hymenochaete epichlora Hymenochaete floridea Hymenochaete fuliginosa Hymenochaete fulva Hymenochaete huangshanensis Hymenochaete japonica Hymenochaete innexa Hymenochaete legeri Hymenochaete longispora Hymenochaete luteobadia Hymenochaete macrochloae Hymenochaete megaspora Hymenochaete minor Hymenochaete minuscula Hymenochaete muroiana Hymenochaete nanospora Hymenochaete ochromarginata Hymenochaete tabacina Hymenochaete orientalis Hymenochaete parmastoi Hymenochaete paucisetigera Hymenochaete quercicola Hymenochaete rhabarbarina Hymenochaete rheicolor Hymenochaete rhododendricola Hymenochaete rubiginosa Hymenochaete rufomarginata Hymenochaete sharmae Hymenochaete sharmae Hymenochaete sinensis Hymenochaete sinensis Hymenochaete separabilis Hymenochaete spathulata Hymenochaete sphaericola Hymenochaete sphaerospora Hymenochaete subferruginea Hymenochaete subferruginea Hymenochaete tasmanica Hymenochaete tenuis Hymenochaete tongbiguanensis Hymenochaete tropica Hymenochaete ulmicola Hymenochaete unicolor Sample No. He 525 He 536 He 1188 He 640 He 432 He 245 He 555 He 960 He 217 He 8 ARAN-Fungi 7079 He 302 He 933 He 253 He 405 He 475 He 47 Dai 11635 He 4601 He 867 Cui 7845 He 373 He 280 Cui 8317 He 389 He 1049 He 1489 CAL 1535 66088 CLZhao 26040 CLZhao 26652 He 460 He 685 He 303 He 715 Cui 8122 He 1598 He 449 He 779 He 1552 He 574 He 864 He 468a MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 GenBank Accession No. ITS JQ279549 JQ279597 KU975465 JQ279565 JQ279533 JQ279590 JQ279584 KU975469 JQ279537 JQ279569 MF990738 JQ279553 JQ279555 JQ279546 JQ279542 JQ279531 JQ279579 JQ279563 KY425677 JQ780063 JQ279560 KU975474 JQ279574 JQ279529 JQ279577 JQ716407 KU975477 KY929017 MK588753 OR659001 PQ060540 JQ279572 JQ279591 JQ279599 JQ279594 JQ279521 KU975481 JQ279582 JQ279538 KF908248 JQ279587 JQ780065 JQ279551 nLSU China China China China China China China China China China Spain China China China China China China China China China China China China China China China China India India China China China China China China China China China China China China China China References He and Dai (2012) He and Dai (2012) Du et al.(2021a) He and Dai (2012) He and Dai (2012) He and Dai (2012) He and Dai (2012) He et al.(2017) He and Dai (2012) He and Dai (2012) Du et al.(2021a) He and Dai (2012) He and Dai (2012) He and Dai (2012) Du et al.(2021a) He and Dai (2012) He and Dai (2012) He and Dai (2012) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He and Dai (2012) He et al.(2017) He and Dai (2012) Du et al.(2021a) He and Dai (2012) Yang et al.(2016) He et al.(2017) Du et al.(2021a) Du et al.(2021a) Li et al. (2024a) Li et al. (2024a) He and Dai (2012) He et al.(2017) He and Dai (2012) He et al.(2017) Du et al.(2021a) Du et al.(2021a) He et al.(2017) Du et al.(2021a) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) 139 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Order/Family -/Hymenochaetaceae -/Odonticiaceae -/Peniophorellaceae -/Repetobasidiaceae -/Resiniciaceae -/Rickenellaceae -/Rigidoporaceae -/Schizocorticiaceae -/Schizoporaceae Species Name Hymenochaete verruculosa Hymenochaete villosa Hymenochaete weishanensis Hymenochaete xerantica Hymenochaete yunnanensis Inonotus hispidus Phellinus piceicola Phylloporia oreophila Porodaedalea laricis Sanghuangporus weigelae Trichaptum biforme Trichaptum fuscoviolaceum Hyphodontia arguta Hyphodontia borbonica Hyphodontia pachyspora Hyphodontia pallidula Hyphodontia zhixiangii Leifia brevispora Leifia flabelliradiata Odonticium romellii Peniophorella praetermissa Peniophorella pubera Peniophorella rude Peniophorella subpraetermissa Repetobasidium conicum Repetobasidium mirificum Resinicium austroasianum Resinicium bicolor Resinicium friabile Rickenella danxiashanensis Rickenella fibula Leucophellinus hobsonii Leucophellinus irpicoides Rigidoporus cirratus Rigidoporus populinus Schizocorticium lenis Schizocorticium magnosporum Schizocorticium mediosporum Schizocorticium mediosporum Schizocorticium parvisporum Fasciodontia brasiliensis Sample No. Dai 17052 He 537 CLZhao 22615* LWZ 20190814-13b He 1447 LWZ 20180703-1 LWZ 20190921-5 LWZ 20190811-27a LWZ 20190724-9 LWZ 20210623-2a LWZ 20210919-32a LWZ 20210918-5b 3216b FR 0219441 LWZ 20170908-5 Kotiranta_18839 LWZ 20170818-13 LWZ 20170820-48 KG Nilsson 36270 KHL s. n. LWZ 20180903-14 LWZ 20210624-16b LWZ 20171026-7 LWZ 20190816-3b KHL 12338 FP-133558-sp LWZ 20191208-11 AFTOL-810 LWZ 20210923-23a GDGM45513 PBM 2503 Cui 6468 Yuan 2690 LWZ 20170818-16 LWZ 20190811-39a LWZ 20180922-61 Wu 1510-34 LWZ 20180921-7 Chen 2456 GC 1508-127 MSK-F 7245a MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 GenBank Accession No. ITS MF370594 JQ279528 PQ523357 ON063657 KU975486 ON063659 ON063662 ON063665 ON063668 ON063671 ON063701 ON063703 DQ873605 KR349240 MT319426 OP620785 MT319420 MK343470 DQ873635 DQ873639 ON063686 ON063687 ON063688 ON063689 DQ873647 ON063691 DQ218310 ON063692 MF326424 DQ241782 KT203288 KT203289 ON427472 ON063674 ON063698 MK405351 ON063696 MK405359 MK405361 MK575201 nLSU PQ523363 ON063856 ON063858 ON063862 ON063865 ON063868 ON063870 ON063901 ON063903 DQ873605 KR349240 MT319160 OP620785 MT319151 MK343474 DQ873635 DQ873639 ON063886 ON063887 ON063888 ON063889 DQ873647 AY293208 ON063891 AY586709 ON427362 MF318953 KT203309 KT203310 ON427355 ON063874 ON063898 MK405337 ON063896 MK405345 MK405347 MK598734 China China China China China China China China China China China China Sweden Reunion China Finland China China Sweden Norway China China China China USA USA China USA China China USA China China China China China China China China China Brazil References He et al.(2017) He et al.(2017) Present study Wang et al. (2023) He et al.(2017) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Larsson et al. (2006) Riebesehl and Langer (2017) Wang et al. (2021b) Viner et al. (2023) Wang er al. (2021b) Liu et al. (2019) Larsson et al. (2006) Larsson et al. (2006) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Larsson et al. (2006) Binder et al. (2005) Wang et al. (2023) Larsson et al. (2004) Wang et al. (2023) Zhang et al. (2018) Lutzoni et al. (2004) Direct Submission Direct Submission Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Wu et al. (2021) Wang et al. (2023) Wu et al. (2021) Wu et al. (2021) Yurchenko et al. (2020) 140 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Order/Family Species Name -/Schizoporaceae Fasciodontia yunnanensis Lyomyces albofarinaceus Lyomyces albofarinaceus Lyomyces albopulverulentus Lyomyces allantosporus Lyomyces allantosporus Lyomyces austro-occidentalis Lyomyces bambusinus Lyomyces bambusinus Lyomyces boquetensis Lyomyces cremeus Lyomyces cremeus Lyomyces crustosus Lyomyces crustosus Lyomyces crystallina Lyomyces daweishanensis Lyomyces densiusculus Lyomyces denudatus Lyomyces denudatus Lyomyces elaeidicola Lyomyces elaeidicola Lyomyces erastii Lyomyces erastii Lyomyces fimbriatus Lyomyces fimbriatus Lyomyces albomarginatus Lyomyces fissuratus Lyomyces fissuratus Lyomyces fumosus Lyomyces gatesiae Lyomyces gatesiae Lyomyces granulosus Lyomyces griseliniae Lyomyces griseliniae Lyomyces guttulatus Lyomyces guttulatus Sample No. LWZ 20190811-50a CLZhao 33479* CLZhao 26661 CLZhao 21478 KAS-GEL4933 FR-0249548 LWZ 20190816-40a | CLZhao 4831 CLZhao 4808 EYu 190727-12 CLZhao 4138 CLZhao 8295 TASM:YG G39 LWZ 20170815-23 LWZ 20190810-6b CLZhao 18344 Ryvarden 44818 Ryvarden 19256 Ryvarden 19436 LWZ2018041 1-20 LWZ20180411-19 TASM:YG 022 23cSAMHYP Wu910620-7 Wu911204-4 CLZhao 22551* CLZhao 4352 CLZhao 4291 CLZhao 8188 LWZ20180515-3 LWZ2018051 5-32 KAS-GEL1662 KHL 12971 (GB) CBS:126042 LWZ 20200921-29a LWZ 20190810-20b MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 GenBank Accession No. ITS ON063675 PQ523359 PQ523360 OP730712 KY800401 KY800397 MZ262538 MN945968 MN945970 PP471797 MN945974 MN945972 MF382993 MT319465 0Q540901 ORO94474 OK273853 ON980759 ON980760 MT319458 MT319457 MF382992 JX857800 MK575209 MK575210 PQ644120 MW713742 MW713738 MW713744 MT319447 MT319448 PP471799 DQ873651 MH864057 0Q540899 0Q540898 nLSU ON427360 MT319201 PQ644121 China China China China France France China China China Panama China China Uzbekistan China China China Uganda Argentina Argentina China China Uzbekistan Spain China China China China China China China China Costa Rica Costa Rica New Zealand China China References Wang et al. (2023) Present study Present study Guan et al (2023) Yurchenko et al. (2017) Yurchenko et al. (2017) Liu et al. (2024) Chen and Zhao (2020) Chen and Zhao (2020) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Chen and Zhao (2020) Chen and Zhao (2020) Gafforov et al. (2017) Wang et al. (2021b) Liu et al. (2024) Dong et al. (2024) Viner et al. (2021) Viner and Miettinen (2022) Viner and Miettinen (2022) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Gafforov et al. (2017) Unpublished Yurchenko et al. (2020) Yurchenko et al. (2020) Present study Luo et al. (2021b) Luo et al. (2021b) Luo et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Larsson et al. (2006) Vu et al. (2018) Liu et al. (2024) Liu et al. (2024) 141 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Order/Family Species Name -/Schizoporaceae Lyomyces hengduanensis Lyomyces hengduanensis Lyomyces incanus Lyomyces incanus Lyomyces juniperi Lyomyces leptocystidiatus Lyomyces leptocystidiatus Lyomyces leptocystidiatus Lyomyces lincangensis Lyomyces luteoalbus Lyomyces luteoalbus Lyomyces macrosporus Lyomyces mascarensis Lyomyces mascarensis Lyomyces microfasciculatus Lyomyces napoensis Lyomyces neocrustosus Lyomyces niveomarginatus Lyomyces niveus Lyomyces niveus Lyomyces ochraceoalbus Lyomyces ochraceoalbus Lyomyces oleifer Lyomyces orarius Lyomyces organensis Lyomyces orientalis Lyomyces pantropicus Lyomyces parvus Lyomyces pruni Lyomyces pruni Lyomyces punctatomarginatus Lyomyces punctatomarginatus Lyomyces qujingensis Lyomyces sambuci Sample No. CLZhao 20627 CLZhao 25551 CLZhao 22813 CLZhao 22900 FR-0261086 LWZ 20170814-14 LWZ 20170818-1 LWZ 20170818-2 CLZhao 22966 CLZhao 18211 CLZhao 18347 CLZhao 4516 KAS-GEL4833 KAS-GEL4908 CLZhao 5109 EYu 190720-18 EYu 190728-14 CLZhao 16360 CLZhao 6431 CLZhao 6442 CLZhao 4385 CLZhao 4725 KAS-Ec47 EYu 190724-1 MSK7247 GEL3376 EYu 190727-23b KAS-GEL1599 GEL2327 Ryberg 021018 (GB) CLZhao 22699 CLZhao 11629 CLZhao 27462 KAS-JR7 MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 GenBank Accession No. ITS OR793233 OR658999 ORO94480 ORO94481 KY081799 MT319429 MT326514 MT326513 ORO94487 ORO94485 ORO94486 MN945977 KY800399 KY800400 MN954311 PP471800 PP471801 PP537949 MZ262541 MZ262542 MZ262535 MZ262536 PP471802 PP471805 KY 800403 DQ340325 PP471808 PP471810 DQ340312 DQ873624 OR844492 OR844491 OR167768 KY800402 nLSU MT319163 China China China China France China China China China China China China France France China Ecuador Panama China China China China China Ecuador Ecuador Brazil Germany Panama Costa Rica Germany Sweden China China China Germany References Yuan and Zhao (2024) Yuan and Zhao (2024) Dong et al. (2024) Dong et al. (2024) Riebesehl and Langer (2017) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Dong et al. (2024) Dong et al. (2024) Dong et al. (2024) Chen and Zhao (2020) Yurchenko et al. (2020) Yurchenko et al. (2020) Chen and Zhao (2020) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Yuan and Zhao (2024) Luo et al. (2021b) Luo et al. (2021b) Luo et al. (2021b) Luo et al. (2021b) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Yurchenko et al. (2017) Yurchenko et al. (2017) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Larsson et al. (2006) Larsson et al. (2006) Li et al. (2024b) Li et al. (2024b) Dong et al. (2024) Yurchenko et al. (2017) 142 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Order/Family Species Name -/Schizoporaceae Lyomyces sambuci Lyomyces sambuci Lyomyces sceptrifer Lyomyces sinensis Lyomyces sinensis Lyomyces subcylindricus Lyomyces tasmanicus Lyomyces vietnamensis Lyomyces wuliangshanensis Lyomyces wuliangshanensis Lyomyces wumengshanensis Lyomyces wumengshanensis Lyomyces yunnanensis Lyomyces yunnanensis Lyomyces zhaotongensis Xylodon acuminatus Xylodon acystidiatus Xylodon afromontanus Xylodon angustisporus Xylodon apacheriensis Xylodon asiaticus Xylodon asper Xylodon astrocystidiatus Xylodon attenuatus Xylodon australis Xylodon bambusinus Xylodon bamburesupinus Xylodon borealis Xylodon brevisetus Xylodon cremeoparinaceus Xylodon crystalliger Xylodon cymosus Xylodon cystidiatus Xylodon damansaraensis Xylodon daweishanensis Xylodon detriticus Xylodon dissiliens Sample No. 83SAMHYP LWZ 20180905-1 KAS-Ec661 CLZhao 27391 CLZhao 27464 EYu 190727-25 LWZ 20180515-17 TNM F9073 CLZhao 4108 CLZhao 4167 CLZhao 29374 CLZhao 31486 CLZhao 9375 CLZhao 10041 CLZhao 32878 Larsson 16029 LWZ 20180514-9 O-F-904012 Ryvarden 50691b Canfield 180 CLZhao 10368 Spirin 11923 TNM F24764 Spirin 8775 LWZ 20180509-8 CLZhao 9174 CLZhao 23088 JS 26064 JS 17863 CLZhao 23388 KUN 2312 Miettinen 19606 FR-0249200 LWZ 20180417-23 CLZhao 18357 Zibarova 30.10.17 Ryvarden 44817 MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 GenBank Accession No. ITS JX857721 MT319444 PP471811 OR167769 OR167770 PP471817 0Q540900 JX175044 MN945980 MN945979 OR803021 OR899208 OP730710 OP730709 PP537950 ON197552 MT319474 0Q645463 OK273831 KY081800 OM959479 OK273838 NR154054 MH324476 MT319503 MW394657 OR167773 AY463429 AY463428 PP537951 NR166242 ON197554 MH880195 MT319499 OP730715 MH320793 OK273856 nLSU MT319178 Sweden China Ecuador China China Panama China China China China China China China China China Brazil China Rwanda Cameroon USA China Russia USA Russia China China China Sweden Sweden China USA Finland Germany China China Russia Finland References Yurchenko et al. (2017) Wang et al. (2021b) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Dong et al. (2024) Dong et al. (2024) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Liu et al. (2024) Yurchenko et al. (2017) Chen and Zhao (2020) Chen and Zhao (2020) Yuan and Zhao (2024) Yuan and Zhao (2024) Guan et al. (2023) Guan et al. (2023) Yuan et al. (2024) Viner et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2021b) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Viner et al. (2021) Wang et al. (2021b) Unpublished Viner et al. (2021) Yurchenko and Wu (2014) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Ma and Zhao (2021) Dong et al. (2024) Larsson et al. (2004) Larsson et al. (2004) Yuan and Zhao (2024) Viner et al. (2018) Viner et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Guan et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2021b) Viner et al. (2021) 143 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Order/Family Species Name -/Schizoporaceae Xylodon echinatus Xylodon filicinus Xylodon fissilis Xylodon fissuratus Xylodon flaviporus Xylodon flocculosus Xylodon follis Xylodon gloeocystidiifer Xylodon gossypinus Xylodon grandineus Xylodon hastifer Xylodon heterocystidiatus Xylodon hjortstamii Xylodon hydnoides Xylodon hyphodontinus Xylodon jacobaeus Xylodon kunmingensis Xylodon laceratus Xylodon lagenicystidiatus Xylodon lagenicystidiatus Xylodon lanatus Xylodon laxiusculus Xylodon lenis Xylodon luteodontioides Xylodon luteodontioides Xylodon macrosporus Xylodon magallanesii Xylodon mantiqueirensis Xylodon mollissimus Xylodon montanus Xylodon muchuanensis Xylodon musicola Xylodon neotropicus Xylodon nesporii Xylodon nesporii Xylodon niemelaei Xylodon nongravis Xylodon nothofagi Xylodon olivaceobubalinus Sample No. OM 18237 MSK-F 12869 CLZhao 18740 CLZhao 9407 FR-0249797 CLZhao 18342 FR-0249814 BLS M-5232 CLZhao 8375 CLZhao 6425 K(M) 172400 Wei 17-314 Gorjon 3187 CLZhao 17991 KAS-GEL9222 MA-Fungi 91340 TUB-FO 42565 CLZhao 9892 LWZ 20180515-14 LWZ 20180513-16 CFMR FP-101864-A Ryvarden 44877 Wu 890714-3 CLZhao 3207 CLZhao 18494 CLZhao 10226 MA: Fungi:90397 MV 529 LWZ 20160318-3 CLZhao 8179 LWZ 20200819-3a CLZhao 35567* MV 580 LWZ 20180921-35 LWZ 20190814-17a CLZhao 3746 GC 1412-22 ICMP 13842 CLZhao 25174 MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 GenBank Accession No. ITS 0Q645464 MH880199 ORO96211 OP730714 MH880201 MW980776 MH880204 0Q645467 MZ663804 OM338090 NR166558 MT731753 ON188816 ORO096203 MH880205 MH430073 MH880198 0L619258 MT319633 MT319634 0Q645474 OK273827 KY081802 MH114740 PP505422 MZ663809 MT158729 0Q645478 KY007517 O0L619260 0Q540903 PQ523358 0Q645479 MT319655 ON063679 MK269038 KX857801 AF145583 OR167772 nLSU ON063879 Germany Germany China China Germany China Germany Germany China China USA China Finland China Germany Spain Germany China China China Germany Finland Germany China China China Spain Germany China China China China Germany China China China China Sweden China References Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Wang et al. (2021b) Dong et al. (2024) Guan et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2021b) Unpublished Wang et al. (2021b) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Luo et al. (2021a) Luo et al. (2022) Riebesehl and Langer (2017) Wu et al. (2021) Direct Submission Dong et al. (2024) Riebesehl et al. (2019) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Qu et al. (2022) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Viner et al. (2021) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Yuan and Zhao (2024) Yuan and Zhao (2024) Luo et al. (2021a) Fernandez-Lopez et al. (2020) Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Kan et al. (2017b) Quet al. (2022) Liu et al. (2024) Present study Yurchenko et al. (2024a) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2023) Unpublished Chen et al. (2017) Wang et al. (2021b) Dong et al. (2024) 144 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Order/Family Species Name -/Schizoporaceae Xylodon ovisporus Xylodon ovisporus Xylodon papillosus Xylodon paradoxus Xylodon patagonicus Xylodon pingbianensis Xylodon poroides Xylodon pruinosus Xylodon pruniaceus Xylodon pseudolanatus Xylodon pseudotropicus Xylodon puerensis Xylodon punctus Xylodon punctus Xylodon punctus Xylodon quercinus Xylodon raduloides Xylodon ramicida Xylodon reticulatus Xylodon reticulatus Xylodon rimosissimus Xylodon rhizomorphus Xylodon rhododendricola Xylodon serpentiformis Xylodon sinensis Xylodon sinensis Xylodon spathulatus Xylodon subclavatus Xylodon subflaviporus Xylodon submucronatus Xylodon subserpentiformis Xylodon subtilissimus Xylodon subtropicus Xylodon taiwanianus Xylodon tropicus Xylodon ussuriensis Xylodon verecundus Xylodon victoriensis Xylodon wenshanensis Xylodon wumengshanensis Xylodon xinpingensis Xylodon yarraensis Xylodon yunnanensis Sample No. LWZ 20170815-31 LWZ 20190817-6b CBS 114.71 Dai 14983 ICMP 13832 CLZhao 19029 CLZhao 17845 Spirin 2877 Ryvarden 11251 FP-150922 Dai 10768 CLZhao 8142 CLZhao 17691 CLZhao 17908 CLZhao 17916 Spirin 12030 FCUG 2433 Spirin 7664 Wu 1109-178 GC 1512-1 LWZ 20180904-28 Dai 12367 LWZ 20180513-9 LWZ 20190816-12a CLZhao 9197 CLZhao 11120 LWZ 20180804-10 FO 42167 TNM F29958 Renvall 1602 LWZ 20180512-16 Spirin 12228 LWZ 20180510-24 CBS 125875 CLZhao 3351 KUN 1989 KHL 12261 LWZ 20180510-29 CLZhao 15729 CLZhao 32517 CLZhao 9174 LWZ 20180510-5 LWZ 20180922-47 MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 GenBank Accession No. ITS MT319666 ON063680 MH860026 MT319519 AF145581 ORO96208 PP505420 MH332700 OK273828 MH880220 KF917543 OP730720 OM338092 OM338093 OM338094 OK273841 AF145570 NR138013 KX857805 KX857808 ON063682 NR154067 MT319621 ON063683 MZ663810 MZ663811 MT319646 MH880232 NR184880 OK273830 MT319486 ON188818 MT319541 MH864080 0L619261 NR166241 DQ873642 MT319487 OM338097 PP645439 MW394657 MT319639 MT319660 nLSU ON063880 ON063882 ON063883 China China Germany China Sweden China China Russia Finland Germany China China China China China Finland Sweden Russia China China China China China China China China China China USA Finland China Finland China New Zealand China Russia USA China China China China China China References Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2023) Vu et al. (2018) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Dong et al. (2024) Yuan and Zhao (2024) Wang et al. (2021b) Viner et al. (2021) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Guan et al. (2023) Luo et al. (2022) Luo et al. (2022) Luo et al. (2022) Viner et al. (2021) Wang et al. (2021b) Direct Submission Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2023) Zhao et al. (2014) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2023) Luo et al. (2021a) Luo et al. (2021a) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Chen et al. (2017) Viner et al. (2021) Wang et al. (2021b) Direct Submission Wang et al. (2021b) Vu et al. (2018) Qu et al. (2022) Direct Submission Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) Luo et al. (2022) Yuan and Zhao (2024) Ma and Zhao (2021) Wang et al. (2021b) Wang et al. (2021b) 145 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Order/Family Species Name -/Sideraceae Sidera lenis Sidera minutipora Sidera srilankensis Sidera tenuis Sidera tibetica -/Skvortzoviaceae Skvortzovia pinicola Skvortzovia gilianensis Skvortzovia yunnanensis -/Tubulicrinaceae Tubulicrinis accedens Tubulicrinis albobadius Tubulicrinis albobadius Tubulicrinis australis Tubulicrinis australis Tubulicrinis borealis Tubulicrinis calothrix Tubulicrinis chaetophorus Tubulicrinis chaetophorus Tubulicrinis chaetophorus Tubulicrinis glebulosus Tubulicrinis glebulosus Tubulicrinis glebulosus Tubulicrinis globisporus Tubulicrinis gracillimus Tubulicrinis hirtellus Tubulicrinis inornatus Tubulicrinis inornatus Tubulicrinis martinicensis Tubulicrinis pini Tubulicrinis subulatus Tubulicrinis subulatus Tubulicrinis xantha Tubulicrinis xantha Tubulicrinis yunnanensis Tubulicrinis yunnanensis -/Umbellaceae Umbellus sinensis Umbellus sinensis -/Incertae sedis Alloclavaria purpurea Atheloderma mirabile Skvortzovia dabieshanensis Sample No. Miettinen 11036 Cui 16720 Dai 19654 Dai 18697 Dai 21057 LWZ 20210918-15b LWZ 20210623-18b LWZ 20180904-20 CLZhao 16084 ACD0414 CLZhao 26202* CLZhao 26330 MA Fungi:88838 MA Fungi:88839 DK14_93 LWZ 20210919-1b Spirin 12616 (H) UC2023055 UC2023059 LWZ 20180903-13 DK16_14 UC2023229 KHL 12133 (GB) PDD 95851 KHL 11717 (GB) KHL 11763 (GB) OTU782 GG-MAR12-206 CLZhao 6881 UC2023072 LWZ 20190914-7 CLZhao 2868 CLZhao 2869 CLZhao 3418 CLZhao 9717 LWZ 20190615-27 LWZ 20190615-39 M. Korhonen 10305 TAA 169235 MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 GenBank Accession No. ITS FN907914 MN621349 MN621344 MK331865 MW198484 ON063694 ON063695 ON063693 MW472754 OL756001 PQ523361 PQ523362 KX017591 KX017593 OL436811 ON063704 ON188814 KP814255 KP814233 ON063705 OL436905 KP814463 DQ873655 HQ533047 DQ873657 DQ873659 MT596347 NR_163282 ORO96210 KP814430 ON063706 MT153874 MT153875 MT153879 MT153880 OR242616 OR242617 MF319044 DQ873592 nLSU FN907914 MN621348 MN621346 MK331867 MW192009 ON063894 ON063895 ON063893 MW473473 PQ523364 PQ523365 ON063905 ON063906 OR236212 OR236213 MF318895 DQ873592 Finland Australia Sri Lanka Singapore Belarus China China China China USA China China Spain Chile USA China Slovenia USA USA China USA Canada Sweden New Zealand Sweden Sweden Japan France China USA China China China China China China China Finland Estonia References Miettinen and Larsson (2011) Du et al. (2020b) Du et al. (2020b) Liu et al. (2022) Liu et al. (2022) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Wang et al. (2023) Dong et al. (2021) Unpublished Present study Present study Unpublished Unpublished Unpublished Wang et al. (2023) Direct Submission Rosenthal et al. (2017) Rosenthal et al. (2017) Wang et al. (2023) Unpublished Rosenthal et al. (2017) Larsson et al. (2006) Unpublished Larsson et al. (2006) Larsson et al. (2006) Unpublished Unpublished Dong et al. (2024) Rosenthal et al. (2017) Wang et al. (2023) He et al. (2020) He et al. (2020) He et al. (2020) He et al. (2020) Wang and Zhou (2024) Wang and Zhou (2024) Unpublished Larsson et al. (2006) 146 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China GenBank Accession No. Order/Family Species Name Sample No. References ITS nLSU -/Incertae sedis Blasiphalia pseudogrisella P. Joijer 4118 MF319047 MF318898 Finland Unpublished Bryopistillaria sagittiformis 10.14.164 MT232349 MT232303 Sweden Olariaga et al. (2020) Cantharellopsis prescotii H6059300 MF319051 MF318903 Finland Unpublished Contumyces vesuvianus 203608 = MF318913 Italy Unpublished Ginnsia viticola Wu 0010-29 MN123802 GQ470670 China Wu et al. (2021) Globulicium hiemale Hjm 19007 DQ873595 DQ873595 Sweden Larsson et al. (2006) Gyroflexus brevibasidiata 10.14.230 MT232351 MT232305 Sweden Olariaga et al. (2020) Hastodontia halonata HHB-17058 MK575207 MK598738 Mexico Yurchenko et al. (2020) Hastodontia hastata KHL 14646 MH638232 MH638232 Norway Larsson (2007) Lawrynomyces capitatus KHL 8464 DQ677491 DQ677491 Sweden Larsson (2007) Loreleia marchantiae Lutzoni 930826-1 U66432 U66432 USA Lutzoni F (1997) Lyoathelia laxa Spirin 8810a MT305998 MT305998 USA Sulistyo et al. (2021) Muscinupta laevis V. Haikonen 19745 MF319066 MF318921 Finland Unpublished Sphaerobasidium minutum KHL 11714 DQ873652 DQ873653 Finland Larsson et al. (2006) Tsugacorticium kenaicum CFMR HHB17347 = JN368221 USA Nakasone (2012) Polyporales/ Fomitopsis pinicola AFTOL 770 AY854083 AY684164 USA Lutzoni et al. (2004) Fomitopsidaceae -/Grifolaceae Grifola frondosa AFTOL 701 AY854084 AY629318 USA Lutzoni et al. (2004) -/Thelephoraceae Thelephora ganbajun ZRL20151295 LT716082 KY418908 China Zhao et al. (2017) Results Sequence similarity search The ITS+nLSU dataset (Fig. 1) comprised 80 specimens representing 77 species of the phylogeny of the order Hymenochaetales. The dataset had an aligned length of 2,548 characters, of which 1,018 characters are constant, 476 are variable and parsimony uninformative, and 1,054 are parsimony informa- tive. Maximum parsimony analysis yielded 1 equally parsimonious tree (TL = 10768, Cl = 0.2612, HI = 0.7388, RI = 0.4087, and RC = 0.1068). The best model for the ITS+nLSU dataset, estimated and applied in the Bayesian analysis, was GTR+I+G. Both Bayesian analysis and ML analysis resulted in a similar topol- ogy to MP analysis with an average standard deviation of split frequencies = 0.044070 (BI), and the effective sample size (ESS) for Bayesian analysis across the two runs is double the average ESS (avg ESS) = 645. The ITS dataset (Fig. 2) comprised 78 specimens representing 69 species of the one new species and related species in the genus Hymenochaete. The dataset had an aligned length of 470 characters, of which 209 characters are constant, 35 are variable and parsimony uninformative, and 226 are parsimo- ny informative. Maximum parsimony analysis yielded 68 equally parsimonious trees (TL = 1574, Cl = 0.3018, HI = 0.6982, RI = 0.6876, and RC = 0.2075). The best model for the ITS dataset, estimated and applied in the Bayesian analysis, was GTR+I+G. Both Bayesian analysis and ML analysis resulted in a similar to- pology to MP analysis with an average standard deviation of split frequencies = MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 147 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China 72/60/1.00_ Ez 99/99/1.00 wth A 82/55/- 79/87/- -/100/- 100/100/1.00 00/100/- 4 Fulvoderma austra I Basidioradulum rad e 100/100/1.00 P Basidioradulum m Fuscoporia gilva LWZ -/98/1.00 a 2. Fuscoporia sinica 71/76/- Kneiffiella euce Kneiffiella subglobo. Echinoporia hydnop 95/61/1.00 190/99/1.00 140/100/1.00 98/86/1.00 ; 99/94/1.00 100/100/1.00 00/100/1.001 Eyphodontia pallidula Kotirany Hyphodontia borbonica FR 0: ; 100/100/1.00 Hyphodontia zhixiangii 100/100/1.00 78/100/1.00 Hyphodontia arguta 321 Hyphodontia pachyspora L\ v Figure 1. Maximum parsimony strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of the order Hymenochaetales based on ITS+nLSU sequences. Branches are labelled with maximum likelihood bootstrap value = 70%, parsimony bootstrap value > 50%, and Bayesian posterior probabilities = 0.95. 0.012875 (Bl), and the effective sample size (ESS) for Bayesian analysis across the two runs is double the average ESS (avg ESS) = 269.5. The ITS dataset (Fig. 3) comprised 81 specimens representing 56 species of two new species and related taxa in the genus Lyomyces. The dataset had an aligned length of 470 characters, of which 209 characters are constant, 35 are variable and parsimony uninformative, and 226 are parsimony informative. Maximum parsimony analysis yielded 6 equally parsimonious trees (TL = 1574, Cl = 0.3018, HI = 0.6982, RI = 0.6876, and RC = 0.2075). The best model for the ITS dataset, estimated and applied in the Bayesian analysis, was GTR+I+G. Both Bayesian analysis and ML analysis resulted in a similar topology to MP analysis with an average standard deviation of split frequencies = 0.012875 (BI), and the effective sample size (ESS) for Bayesian analysis across the two runs is double the average ESS (avg ESS) = 269.5. The ITS dataset (Fig. 4) comprised 28 specimens representing 17 species of new species and related taxa in the genus Tubulicrinis. The dataset had an MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 148 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China _— Lyomyces sambuci - Lyomyces albomargi 83/77/- Fasciodontia brasiliensis MSK-F 100/100/1.00 Fasciodontia yunnanensis LWZ 201 4 Peniophorella subpraetermissa LWZ 20190816-3b China 98/88/- 98/100/1.00 90/96/1.00 Peniophorella praetermissa LWZ 20180903-14 China Peniophorella rude LWZ 20171026-7 China Peniophorella pubera LWZ 20210624-16b China 100/64/1.00 [ Schizocorticium mediosporum Chen 2456 China -/100/- Schizocorticium mediosporum LWZ 20180921-7 China citer: Schizocorticium parvisporum GC 1508-127 China Schizocorticiaceae 100/99/1.00 Schizocorticium lenis LWZ 20180922-61 China Schizocorticium magnosporum Wu 1510-34 China Repetobasidium mirificum FP-133558-sp USA 100/100/1.00 Repetobasidium conicum KHL 12338 USA Repetobasidiaceae 100/100/1.00 | Leifia flabelliradiata KG Nilsson 36270 Sweden Leifia brevispora LWZ 20170820-48 China Odonticium romellii KHL s. n. Norway Sidera tenuis Dai 18697 Singapore 72/69/- Sidera minutipora Cui 16720 Australia 100/-/ - 100/94/1.00 Sidera tibetica Dai 21057 Belarus 100/95/1.00 Sidera srilankensis Dai 19654 Sri Lanka Sidera lenis Miettinen 11036 Finland 99/61/1.00 Skvortzovia pinicola LWZ 20210623-18b China Skvortzovia qilianensis LWZ 20180904-20 China , 10077 2/0;00 Skvortzovia dabieshanensis LWZ 20210918-15b Cl ina 94/75/1.00 Skvortzovia yunnanensis CLZhao 16084 China 100/100/1.00[ — Resinicium friabile LWZ 20210923-23a Chins Resinicium bicolor AFTOL-810 USA 1100/100/1.0 ‘, ianum LWZ 20191208-11 China Resinicium austroa: Rickenella danxiashanen: 11.00 Rickenella fibula PBM 2503 USA Thelephora ganbajun ZRL20151295 China -— 100 Figure 1. Continued. aligned length of 772 characters, of which 284 characters are constant, 152 are variable and parsimony uninformative, and 336 are parsimony informative. Maximum parsimony analysis yielded 2 equally parsimonious trees (TL = 1409, Cl = 0.5777, HI = 0.4223, RI = 0.6248, and RC = 0.3610). The best model for the ITS dataset, estimated and applied in the Bayesian analysis, was GTR+I+G. Both Bayesian analysis and ML analysis resulted in a similar topology to MP analysis with an average standard deviation of split frequencies = 0.006683 (BI), and the effective sample size (ESS) for Bayesian analysis across the two runs is double the average ESS (avg ESS) = 633. The ITS dataset (Fig. 5) comprised 104 specimens representing 97 species of the new species and related taxa in the genus Xylodon. The dataset had an aligned length of 673 characters, of which 233 characters are constant, 81 are variable and parsimony uninformative, and 359 are parsimony informa- tive. Maximum parsimony analysis yielded 5,000 equally parsimonious trees MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 149 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China * New Species 100/99/1.00[— Hym 98/-/1.00 -/-/0.98 -/69/1.00 76/-/1.00 96/99/1.00 Hymenochaete s Hymenochae. h0/100/1.00 | Ayvmenoc: -/78/1.00 100/100/1.00 Pie : ‘Hymenochae 86/72/1.00 Hymenochaete Hymenochaete rhabarbarina | Paar Hymenochaete fuliginosa He 1188 Cl Hymenochaete verruculosa Dai 17052 China Hymenochaete conchata MEH 70144 India Hymenochaete tongbiguanensis He 1552 China 100/100/1.00 | Hymenochaete sinensis CLZhao 26652 Chinas Hymenochaete sinensis CLZhao 26040 China 89192/1,00 Hymenochaete quercicola He 373 China per Hymenochaete longispora He 217 China Hymenochaete huangshanensis He 432 China 100/100/1.00 | 4ymenochaete dracaenicola Dai 22090 China — 911/99/1.00 Hymenochaete dracaenicola Dai 22096 China — fearon alas Hymenochaete borbonica CBS 731.86 Netherland Ss 83/94/- Hymenochaete angustispora Dai 17045 China Hymenochaete angustispora Dai 17049 China 96/100/1.00 Hymenochaete tenuis He 779 China Figure 2. Maximum parsimony strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of the one new species and related spe- cies in the genus Hymenochaete based on ITS sequences. Branches are labelled with maximum likelihood bootstrap value = 70%, parsimony bootstrap value = 50%, and Bayesian posterior probabilities = 0.95. MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 150 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China 95/52/- “/-/1.00] 80/65/1.00 Hymenochaete rhododendrico ? 73/62). Hvmenochaete bode 100/99/- !' Hymenochaete bode Hymenochaete bodding: Hymenochaete atte -/1.00 ae Hymenochaete berteroi He ac -/68/- 78/85/- Hymenochaete ochromargin Hymenochaete rubiginosa He 1049 ch Hymenochaete rufomarginata He ) Hymenochaete contiformis He 1166 China Hymenochaete nanospora He 475 China — ri Hymenochaete cana He 1305 China Hymenochaete muroiana He 405 China Hymenochaete unicolor He 468a China | Hymenochaete colliculosa Dai 16427 China 100/100/- Hymenochaete colliculosa Dai 16428 China Hymenochaete colliculosa Dai 16429 China Hymenochaete megaspora He 302 Hymenochaete parmastoi He 867 China ROAD Hymenochaete minor He 933 China Hydnoporia tabacina He 390 China 20 Figure 2. Continued. (TL = 3842, Cl = 0.2140, HI = 0.7860, RI = 0.4337, and RC = 0.0928). The best model for the ITS dataset, estimated and applied in the Bayesian analysis, was GTR+I+G. Both Bayesian analysis and ML analysis resulted in a similar topol- ogy to MP analysis with an average standard deviation of split frequencies = 0.022556 (BI), and the effective sample size (ESS) for Bayesian analysis across the two runs is double of the average ESS (avg ESS) = 1143.5. MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 151 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Lyomyces fumosus CLZhao 8188 China 97/96/1.00 * N ew Sp e ci es 87/63/1.00 Lyomyces fimbriatus Wu910620-7 China Lyomyces fimbriatus Wu911204-4 China -/67/-_140/99/1.00— Lyomyces leptocystidiatus LWZ20170818-1 China Lyomyces leptocystidiatus LWZ20170818-2 China -/50/- Lyomyces densiusculus Ryvarden 44818 Uganda 95/86/1.00 Lyomyces denudatus Ryvarden 19256 Argentina 100/99/0.99 Lyomyces denudatus Ryvarden 19436 Argentina -/50/- Lyomyces granulosus KAS-GEL1662 Costa Rica Lyomyces napoensis EY u 190720-18 Ecuador 99/100/1.00 Lyomyces elaeidicola LWZ20180411-20 China Lyomyces elaeidicola LWZ20180411-19 China 89/97/1.00 Lyomyces wumengshanensis CLZhao 31486 China 100/100/1.00 Lyomyces wumengshanensis CLZhao 29374 China Lyomyces incanus CLZhao 22813 China 98/99/1.00 Lyomyces incanus CLZhao 22900 China Lyomyces allantosporus KAS-GEL4933 France ae Lyomyces allantosporus FR-0249548 France Lyomyces daweishanensis CLZhao18344 China Lyomyces macrosporus CLZhao 4516 China 100/100/1.00 [~ Lyvomyces wuliangshanensis CLZhao 4108 China Lyomyces wuliangshanensis CLZhao 4167 China -/-/1.00 Lyomyces sceptrifer KAS-Ec661 Ecuador Lyomyces mascarensis KAS-GEL4833 France vee Lyomyces mascarensis KAS-GEL4908 France eat Lyomyces gatesiae LWZ20180515-3 China ‘ 100/1.00 Lyomyces gatesiae LWZ20180515-32 China 79/88/0.99 Lyomyces microfasciculatus CLZhao 5109 China Lyomyces pantropicus EYu 190727-23b Panama -/-11.00 Lyomyces cremeus CLZhao 4138 China ie Lyomyces cremeus CLZhao 8295 China Lyomyces fissuratus CLZhao 4352 China pe Lyomyces fissuratus CLZhao 4291 China Lyomyces erastii TASM:YG 022 Uzbekistan 91/100/1.00 A Lyomyces erastii 23c¢SAMHYP Spain 100/100/1.00 Lyomyces qujingensis CLZhao 27462 China Lyomyces albofarinaceus CLZhao 33479 China * 88/78/1.00 Lyomyces albopulverulentus CLZhao 21478 China Lyomyces orarius EYu 190724-1 Ecuador MSU 9/90/-[ Lyomyces bambusinus CLZhao 4808 China Lyomyces bambusinus CLZhao 4831 China 92/97/- 88/85/- Lyomyces lincangensis CLZhao 22966 China Lyomyces sambuci 83S AMHYP Sweden 70/-/- 71/53/1.00] — 82/96/1.00 } Lyomyces sambuci KAS-JR7 Germany Lyomyces boquetensis EYu 190727-12 Panama 79/-/- Lyomyces orientalis GEL3376 Germany Lyomyces organensis MSK7247 Brazil Lyomyces griseliniae KHL 12971 (GB) Costa Rica 100/100/1.00 Lyomyces griseliniae CBS:126042 New Zealand Figure 3. Maximum parsimony strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of the new species and related species in the genus Lyomyces based on ITS sequences. Branches are labelled with maximum likelihood bootstrap value = 70%, parsimony bootstrap value = 50%, and Bayesian posterior probabilities = 0.95. MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 152 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Lyomyces austro-occidentalis LWZ 20190816-40a China 100/99/- Lyomyces ochraceoalbus CLZhao 4725 China 99/99/- 1100 /100/- Lyomyces ochraceoalbus CLZhao 4385 China ee Lyomyces oleifer KAS-Ec47 Ecuador Lyomyces crustosus TASM:YG G39 Uzbekistan there Lyomyces albomarginatus CLZhao 22551 China *& ae 100/100/- [ Lvomyces hengduanensis CLZhao 20627 China 8 /95/ Lyomyces hengduanensis CLZhao 25551 China 99/-)- Lyomyces guttulatus LWZ 20200921-29a China ya: (96 | or omyces guttulatus LWZ 20190810-20b China Lyomyces parvus KAS-GEL1599 Costa -/53/- Lyomyces sinensis CLZhao 27391 China 99 /100/- Lyomyces sinensis CLZhao 27464 China 100/100/- | Lvomyces punctatomarginatus CLZhao 22699 China Lyomyces punctatomarginatus CLZhao 11629 China 96 /100/- Lyomyces vietnamensis TNM F9073 China 100/100/1.00 [ Lyomyces niveus CLZhao 6442 China 99/100/1.00 Lyomyces niveus CLZhao 6431 China Lyomyces tasmanicus LWZ 20180515—17 China “Aad /98/- 9899/1.00[ Lvomyces yunnanensis CLZhao 9375 China _/54/. Lyomyces yunnanensis CLZhao 10041 China eee ] Lyomyces luteoalbus CLZhao 18211 China RNa 44/78/- Lyomyces luteoalbus CLZhao 18347 China Lyomyces crystallina LWZ 20190810-6b China Lyomyces neocrustosus EYu 190728-14 Panama 99/95/1.00 Lyomyces subcylindricus EYu 190727-25 Panama Lyomyces niveomarginatus CLZhao 16360 China ae Lyomyces juniperi FR-0261086 France Lyomyces pruni GEL2327 Germany (1001-00 | yomyces pruni Ryberg 021018 (GB) Sweden Xylodon ramicida Spirin 7664 Russia 100-/- L_ ¥4,Jodon quercinus Larsson 11076 (GB) Sweden 20 Figure 3. Continued. MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 153 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China 100/100/1.00 * New Species 81/62/0.99 100/100/1.00 Tubulierinis. 100/99/1.00 Lip, puticrin 89/67/1.00 /98/-| - -/100/- 5 Tubulicrinis hirtellus KHL 1171 G Tubulicrinis globisporus KHL 12 -/-/1.00 Tubulicrinis calothrix LWZ 20210919- Tubulicrinis borealis DK14_93 USA. -/98/- Tubulicrinis yunnanensis CLZhao 3418 China Tubulicrinis yunnanensis CLZhao 9717 China 99/100/1.00. Tubulicrinis glebulosus UC2023229 Canada Tubulicrinis glebulosus DK16_14 USA Toor 8 Tubulicrinis glebulosus LWZ 20180903-13 China Tubulicrinis pini CLZhao 6881 China 100/100/- |2¢oulicrinis xantha CLZhao 2868 China 100/99/- Tubulicrinis xantha CLZhao 2869 China Tubulicrinis martinicensis GG-MAR12-206 France 97/91/-. Lubulicrinis subulatus CLZhao 21520 China 99/81/1.00 100/100/1.00] '—Tubulicrinis subulatus UC2023072 USA Tubulicrinis subulatus LWZ 20190914-7 China 100/100/1.00 Tubulicrinis gracillimus PDD 95851 New Zealand Gyroporus castaneus JMP 0028 USA +4 50 Figure 4. Maximum parsimony strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of the new species and related species in the genus Tubulicrinis based on ITS sequences. Branches are labelled with maximum likelihood bootstrap value = 70%, parsimony bootstrap value = 50%, and Bayesian posterior probabilities = 0.95. The phylogram based on the combined ITS+nLSU sequences (Fig. 1) anal- ysis showed that five new species Hymenochaete weishanensis, Lyomyces al- bofarinaceus, Lyomyces albomarginatus, Tubulicrinis albobadius and Xylodon musicola were assigned to the genera Hymenochaete, Lyomyces, Tubulicrinis and Xylodon within the order Hymenochaetales, individually. The phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequences (Fig. 2), revealed that H. weishanensis was re- trieved as a sister to H. luteobadia. The taxon based on the ITS sequences (Fig. 3) revealed that L. albofarinaceus was grouped with L. albopulverulentus and L. qujingensis. L. albomarginatus was sister to L. crustosus. The topology based on the ITS sequences (Fig. 4), revealed that T. albobadius was grouped with T. australis and T. inornatus. The phylogenetic tree, based on ITS sequences (Fig. 5), revealed that X. musicola grouped with three taxa: X. gloeocystidiifer, X. hyd- noides, and X. neotropicus. MycoKeys 114: 1383-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 154 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China * New Species 710/58/- Xylodon puerensis CLZhao 8142 China -/72/- Xylodon muchuanensis LWZ 20200819-3a China 86/7615 Xylodon ovisporus LWZ 20170815-31 China -/65/- Xylodon subflaviporus TNM F29958 USA Xylodon flaviporus FR-0249797 Germany 83/-/- | 96/87/1.00 Xylodon subtropicus LWZ 201805 10-24 China Xylodon taiwanianus CBS 125875 New Zealand --/1,00 Xylodon raduloides FCUG 2433 Sweden -/81/- Xylodon patagonicus ICMP 13832 Sweden Xylodon wumengshanensis CLZhao 32517 China 85/-/1.00 Xylodon mollissimus LWZ 20160318-3 China Xylodon nongravis GC 1412-22 China Xylodon nothofagi ICMP 13842 Sweden -/66/1.00 [ Xvlodon reticulatus Wu 1109-178 China ~/83/- |" Xylodon reticulatus GC 1512-1 China Xylodon niemelaei CLZhao 3746 China ee BA Xylodon rhizomorphus Dai 12367 China =E0E Xylodon jacobaeus MA-Fungi 91340 Spain ‘Xylodon rhododendricola LWZ 20180513-9 China Xylodon spathulatus LWZ 20180804-10 China ‘Xylodon apacheriensis Canfield 180 USA ‘Xylodon pingbianensis CLZhao 19029 China ‘Xylodon verecundus KHL 12261 USA ‘Xylodon lagenicystidiatus LWZ 20180513-16 China see ‘Xylodon lagenicystidiatus LWZ 20180515-14 China Panay ‘Xylodon sinensis CLZhao 1112 China ‘Xylodon sinensis CLZhao 3187 China pe -Xylodon hjortstamii Gorjon 3187 Finland ‘Xylodon attenuatus Spirin 8775 Russia ‘Xylodon yarraensis LWZ 20180510-5 China ‘Xylodon submucronatus Renvall 1602 Finland eRe ‘Xylodon rimosissimus Ryberg 021031 Sweden Xylodon quercinus Spirin 12030 Finland ‘Xylodon asper Spirin 11923 Russia 77/91/- ‘Xylodon serpentiformis LWZ 20170816-15 China ‘Xylodon subserpentiformis LWZ 20180512-16 China ‘Xylodon victoriensis LWZ 20180510-29 China ‘Xylodon crystalliger KUN 2312 USA ‘Xylodon xinpingensis CLZhao 9174 China ‘ylodon astrocystidiatus TNM F24764 USA a tee Aylodon ramicida Spirin 7664 Russia 99/98/1.00 ‘Xylodon macrosporus CLZhao 10226 China ‘Xylodon follis FR-0249814 Germany ‘Xylodon paradoxus Dai 14983 China 81/74/1.00 ‘Xylodon pseudolanatus FP-150922 Germany ‘Xylodon lanatus CFMR FP-101864-A Germany ‘Xylodon afromontanus O-F-904012 Rwanda ‘Xylodon echinatus OM 18237 Germany ‘Xylodon kunmingensis TUB-FO 42565 Germany -/T6/- ‘Xylodon mantiqueirensis Germany Figure 5. Maximum parsimony strict consensus tree illustrating the phylogeny of the new species and related species in the genus Xylodon based on ITS sequences. Branches are labelled with maximum likelihood bootstrap value = 70%, parsimony bootstrap value = 50%, and Bayesian posterior probabilities = 0.95. MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 155 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China os tropicus CLZhao 3351 China 97/91/1.00 ‘Xylodon bamburesupinus CLZhao 23088 China 83/81/1.00 ‘Xylodon hastifer K(M) 172400 USA 84/70/- ‘Xylodon filicinus MSK-F 12869 Germany ‘Xylodon hyphodontinus KAS-GEL9222 Germany 99155/1.00 Xylodon daweishanensis CLZhao 18357 China ‘Xylodon hydnoides CLZhao 17991 China ‘Xylodon neotropicus MV 580 Germany Xylodon musicola CLZhao 35567 China * ‘Xylodon gloeocystidiifer BLS M-5232 Germany ‘Xylodon cystidiatus FR-0249200 Germany 97/96/1.00 ‘Xylodon fissilis CLZhao 18740 China ‘Xylodon laceratus CLZhao 9892 China 98/97/- ‘Xylodon heterocystidiatus Wei 17-314 China ‘Xylodon olivaceobubalinus CLZhao 25174 China Xylodon borealis JS 26064 Sweden (ylodon australis LWZ 20180509-8 China ‘Xylodon brevisetus JS 17863 Sweden ‘Xylodon damansaraensis LWZ 20180417-23 China Xylodon magallanesii MA: Fungi:90397 Spain ‘Xylodon yunnanensis LWZ 20180922-47 China EAD ‘Xylodon lenis Wu 890714-3 Germany ‘Xylodon angustisporus Ryvarden 50691b Cameroon 100/99/- ‘Xylodon pruniaceus Ryvarden 11251 Finland 39/92/1.00 [Xvlodon luteodontioides CLZhao 18494 China 80/98/-_| ‘Xylodon luteodontioides CLZhao 3207 China pie ‘Xylodon nesporii LWZ 20180921-35 China ‘Xylodon grandineus CLZhao 6425 China -/55/1.00 ‘Xylodon nesporii LWZ 201908 14-17a China ‘Xylodon dissiliens Ryvarden 44817 Finland 100/-/1.00 ‘Xylodon poroides CLZhao 17845 China ‘Xylodon pseudotropicus Dai 10768 China 100/-/1.00 ‘Xylodon asiaticus CLZhao 10368 China ‘Xylodon flocculosus CLZhao 18342 China ‘Xylodon ussuriensis KUN 1989 Russia ‘Xylodon gossypinus CLZhao 8375 China Xylodon pruinosus Spirin 2877 Russia ‘Xylodon detriticus Zibarova 30.10.17 Russia ‘Xylodon cremeoparinaceus CLZhao 23388 China ‘Xylodon acystidiatus LWZ 20180514-9 China 96/-/0.99 ‘Xylodon fissuratus CLZhao 9407 China ‘Xylodon subclavatus FO 42167 China ‘Xylodon montanus CLZhao 8179 China ‘Xylodon laxiusculus Ryvarden 44877 Finland ‘Xylodon wenshanensis CLZhao 15729 China ‘Xylodon bambusinus CLZhao 9174 China 96/59/1.00 — re ae acuminatus Larsson 16029 Brazil ‘Xylodon cymosus Miettinen 19606 Finland 97/96/0.99 . ; ‘Xylodon subtilissimus Spirin 12228 Finland ‘Xylodon papillosus CBS 114.71 Germany Xylodon punctus CLZhao 17691 China Xylodon punctus CLZhao 17908 China 100/99/1.00. Xylodon punctus CLZhao 17916 China Lyomyces sambuci KAS-JR7 Germany -———— 20 Figure 5. Continued. Taxonomy Hymenochaete weishanensis Y.F. Dai & C.L. Zhao, sp. nov. MycoBank No: 856316 Figs 6, 7 Holotype. CHINA * Yunnan Province, Dali, Weishan County, Leqiu Town, Zhong- yao Village, GPS coordinates 25°02'N, 100°16'E, evel. 1910 maz.s.l., on a fallen branch of angiosperm, leg. C.L. Zhao, 19 July 2022, CLZhao 22615 (SWFC). MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 156 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Figure 6. Basidiomata of Hymenochaete weishanensis in general and detailed views (CLZhao 22615, holotype). Scale bars: 1cm (A); 1mm (B). Figure 7. Microscopic structures of Hymenochaete weishanensis (holotype, CLZhao 22615). A Basidiospores B basidia and basidioles C tapering cystidia D setae E part of the vertical section of hymenium. Scale bars: 10 um (A-E). MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 157 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Etymology. weishanensis (Lat.), refers to the locality (Weishan) of the holotype. Basidiomata. Annual, effused-reflexed, thin, coriaceous, without odor or taste when fresh, up to 5 cm long, 2.5 cm wide, and 150 um thick. Pileal sur- face dark brown upon drying. Hymenial surface tuberculate, lightly brown when fresh, turning to gray brown upon drying. Sterile margin narrow, slightly gray- brown, up to 1 mm wide. Hyphal system. Monomitic, generative hyphae with simple-septa, colorless, thin to slightly thick-walled, frequently branched, interwoven, 2.0-2.8 um in di- ameter, IKI-, CB-; tissues unchanged in KOH. Hymenium. Cystidia tapering, thin-walled, smooth, 9.5-20.5 x 2.0-3.5 um; cystidioles absent. Hymenial setae abundant, subulate, reddish brown, thick- walled, smooth, 33.0-61.5 x 5.0-8.5 um, projecting above the hymenium. Basidia subclavate, colorless, thin-walled, simple-septum, with four sterig- mata, 6.5-24.0 x 2.5-4.0 um; basidioles in shape similar to basidia, but slightly smaller. Basidiospores. Elipsoid to narrow ellipsoid, colorless, thin-walled, smooth, with one or two guttate, IKI-, CB-, 4.0—5.0(-5.5) x 2.0-3.0 um, L = 4.76 um, W = 2.52 um, Q = 1.86-1.92 (n = 60/2). Additional specimens examined (Paratype). CHINA * Yunnan Province, Dali, Weishan County, Leqiu Town, Zhongyao Village, on a fallen angiosperm branch, 19 July 2022, CLZhao 40297 (SWFC). Lyomyces albofarinaceus Y.F. Dai & C.L. Zhao, sp. nov. MycoBank No: 856317 Figs 8,9 Holotype. CHINA * Yunnan Province, Zhaotong, Wumengshan National Nature Re- serve, GPS coordinates 28°05'N, 104°20'E, evel. 1600 m a.s.I., ona fallen branch of angiosperm, leg. C.L. Zhao, 20 September 2023, CLZhao 33479 (SWFC). Etymology. a/bofarinaceus (Lat.), refers to the white and pruinose hymeno- phore surface. Basidiomata. Annual, resupinate, adnate, without odor or taste when fresh, up to 8 cm long, 3.5 cm wide, and 150 um thick. Hymenial surface pruinose, smooth, white when fresh, to white to cream upon drying. Sterile margin narrow, white, up to 1 mm wide. Hyphal system. Monomitic, generative hyphae with clamp connections, col- orless, thin to slightly thick-walled, frequently branched, interwoven, 2.0-3.0 um in diameter, IKI-, CB-; tissues unchanged in KOH, subhymenial hyphae densely covered by crystals. Hymenium. Cystidia of two types: (1) tapering, thin-walled, smooth to be covered by crystals, 11.5-44.0 x 4.5-7.5 ym; (2) capitate, thin-walled, smooth to be covered by crystals, slightly constricted at the neck, with a globose tip, 23.5-40.0 x 3.5-5.5 um; cystidioles absent. Basidia clavate, colorless, thin- walled, with four sterigmata, 15.0-27.0 x 5.0-9.5 um; basidioles in shape sim- ilar to basidia, but slightly smaller. Basidiospores. Broadly ellipsoid, colorless, thin-walled, smooth, with one guttate, IKI-, CB-, (5.5-)6.0-7.0(—7.5) x (4.5—)5.0-6.0(-6.5) um, L = 6.46 um, W = 5.62 um, Q = 1.07-1.15 (n = 60/2). MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 158 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Figure 8. Basidiomata of Lyomyces albofarinaceus in general and detailed views (CLZhao 33479, holotype). Scale bars: 1cm (A); 1mm (B). Figure 9. Microscopic structures of Lyomyces albofarinaceus (holotype, CLZhao 33479). A Basidiospores B basidia and basidioles C tapering cystidia D Capitate cystidia E part of the vertical section of hymenium. Scale bars: 10 um (A-E). MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 159 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Additional specimens examined (Paratype). CHINA * Yunnan Province, Qu- jing, Qilin District, Cuishan Forestry Park, on a fallen angiosperm branch, 5 No- vember 2022, CLZhao 26661 (SWFC). Lyomyces albomarginatus Y.F. Dai & C.L. Zhao, sp. nov. MycoBank No: 856737 Figs 10, 11 Holotype. CHINA « Yunnan Province, Dali, Weishan County, QinghuaTown, Green Peacock Reserve, Jiangzui Village, GPS coordinates 25°01'N, 100°11'E, evel. 1500 m a.s.l., on a fallen branch of angiosperm, leg. C.L. Zhao, 18 July 2022, CLZhao 22551 (SWFC). Etymology. albomarginatus (Lat.), refers to the white margin of the basidiomata. Basidiomata. Annual, resupinate, adnate, without odor or taste when fresh, up to 8 cm long, 3 cm wide, and 150 um thick. Hymenial surface cracked, slight- ly buff when fresh, turning to buff to slightly yellowish upon drying. Sterile mar- gin slightly buff, up to 3 mm wide. Hyphal system. Monomitic, generative hyphae with clamp connections, col- orless, thin to slightly thick-walled, rarely branched, interwoven, 2.0-3.5 um in diameter, IKI-, CB-; tissues unchanged in KOH. Hymenium. Cystidia numerous, tapering, thin-walled, smooth, 22.5-30.0 x 2.0-4.0 um; cystidioles absent. Basidia cylindrical, colorless, thin-walled, with four sterigmata, 15.0-19.0 x 3.5-4.3 um; basidioles in shape similar to basidia, but slightly smaller. Basidiospores. Elliposoid, colorless, thin-walled, smooth, with one guttate, IKI-, CB-, (3.5-)4.0-5.5(-6.0) x (2.5-)2.7-3.5(-3.7) um, L = 4.89 um, W = 3.13 pm, Q = 1.56 (n = 30/1). Tubulicrinis albobadius Y.F. Dai & C.L. Zhao, sp. nov. MycoBank No: 856318 Figs 12,13 Holotype. CHINA * Yunnan Province, Qujing, Qilin District, Cuishan Forest Park, GPS coordinates 25°32'N, 103°42'E, evel. 2250 m a.s.|., on a fallen branch of angiosperm, leg. C.L. Zhao, 5 Novermber 2022, CLZhao 26202 (SWFC). Etymology. a/bobadius (Lat.), refers to the white basidiomata. Basidiomata. Annual, resupinate, thin, adnate, without odor or taste when fresh, up to 8 cm long, 1.5 cm wide, and 150 um thick. Hymenial surface arach- noid, white when fresh and became white to gray when drying. Sterile margin narrow, white, up to 1 mm. Hyphal system. Monomitic, generative hyphae with clamp connections, col- orless, thick-walled, branched, interwoven, 2.0-4.0 um in diameter, IKI-, CB-; tissues unchanged in KOH. Hymenium. Cystidia and cystidioles absent. Lyocystidia projecting, thick- walled, with a globose tip, some of the globose tips are thin-walled, 38.0-71.0 x 8.3-10.0 um. Basidia barred, colorless, thin-walled, with four sterigmata, 9.5- 14.0 x 4.0-5.0 um; basidioles in shape similar to basidia, but slightly smaller. MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 160 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Figure 10. Basidiomata of Lyomyces albomarginatus in general and detailed views (CLZhao 22551, holotype). Scale bars: 1cm (A); 1mm (B). Io Figure 11. Microscopic structures of Lyomyces albomarginatus (holotype, CLZhao 22551). A Basidiospores B basidia and basidioles C tapering cystidia D part of the verti- cal section of hymenium. Scale bars: 10 um (A-D). Basidiospores. Cylindrical to allantoid, colorless, thin-walled, smooth, with one or two guttate, IKI-, CB-, (3.5—)4.0-6.0(-6.5) x 1.5-2.2(-2.5) um, L = 5.09 um, W = 1.89 um, Q = 2.55-2.77 (n = 60/2). MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 161 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China ety Sas Figure 12. Basidiomata of Tubulicrinis albobadius in general and detailed views (CLZhao 26202, holotype). Scale bars: 1cm (A); 1mm (B). nity Figure 13. Microscopic structures of Tubulicrinis albobadius (holotype, CLZhao 26202). A Basidiospores B basidia and basidioles C lyocystidia D part of the vertical section of hymenium. Scale bars: 5 um (A); 10 um (B-D). Additional specimens examined (Paratype). CHINA * Qujing, Qilin District, Cuishan Forest Park, on a fallen angiosperm branch, 5 November 2022, CLZ- hao 26330 (SWFC). Xylodon musicola Y.F. Dai & C.L. Zhao, sp. nov. MycoBank No: 856319 Figs 14,15 Holotype. CHINA * Yunnan Province, Zhaotong, Yongshan County, Mugan Town, Wumengshan Nature Reserve, GPS coordinates 28°05'N, 103°58'E, evel. MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 162 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Figure 14. Basidiomata of Xylodon musicola in general and detailed views (CLZhao 35567, holotype). Scale bars: 1cm (A); 1mm (B). Figure 15. Microscopic structures of Xylodon musicola (holotype, CLZhao 35567). A Ba- sidiospores B basidia and basidioles C capitate cystidia D part of the vertical section of hymenium. Scale bars: 10 um (A-D). 2200 m a.s.I., on a fallen angiosperm branch, leg. C.L. Zhao, 7 November 2023, CLZhao 35567 (SWFC). Etymology. musicola (Lat.), refers to the growth on the mosses, which is lo- cated Bryophyta. Basidiomata. Annual, resupinate, adnate, very difficult to separate from substrate, without odor or taste when fresh, up to 7 cm long, 2 cm wide, and 150 um thick. Hymenial surface arachnoid, white when fresh and becoming white to cream when drying. Sterile margin narrow, slightly cream, up to 1 mm wide. The basidiomata grow on the surface of muscus. MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 163 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China Hyphal system. Monomitic, generative hyphae with clamp connections, col- orless, thin to slightly thick-walled, rarely branched, interwoven, 2.5—4.0 um in diam, IKI-, CB-; tissues unchanged in KOH. Hymenium. Cystidia capitate, thin-walled, smooth, slightly constricted at the neck, with a globose tip, 12.5-20.0 x 3.5-5.0 um; cystidioles absent. Basidia clavate, colorless, thin-walled, with four sterigmata, 11.0-15.5 x 3.5-5.0 um; basidioles in shape similar to basidia, but slightly smaller. Basidiospores. Broadly ellipsoid to globe, colorless, thin-walled, smooth, with one guttate, IKI-, CB-, 4.0—5.5(-6.0) x 3.5-5.0(-5.5) um, L = 4.77 um, W = 4.35 um, Q = 1.07-1.13 (n = 60/2). Additional specimens examined (Paratype). CHINA * Yunnan Province, Zha- otong, Yongshan County, Mugan Town, Wumengshan Nature Reserve, on a fall- en angiosperm branch, 7 November 2023, CLZhao 40298 (SWFC). Discussion The order Hymenochaetales comprises many representative corticioid fungal taxa, including hydnoid, corticioid, and polyporoid fungi possessing basidioma- ta with diverse hymenophoral and cystidial morphology (Riebesehl et al. 2019; Wu et al. 2022; Guan et al. 2023; Zhang et al. 2024). In the present study, five new species Hymenochaete weishanensis, Lyomyces albofarinaceus, L. albo- marginatus, Tubulicrinis albobadius, and Xylodon musicola are described based on the phylogenetic analyses and morphological characteristics. Based on ITS topology (Fig. 2), Hymenochaete weishanensis grouped close- ly with two species H. /uteobadia and H. anomala. However, H. anomala can be delimited from H. weishanensis by its smooth hymenial surface and narrower basidiospores (3.5—4.5 x 1.8-2.3 um; Parmasto 2001). Hymenochaete Luteo- badia differs from H. weishanensis due to its sulcate and zonate hymenial surface and wider basidia (15.0-20.0 x 4.0-5.0 um; Parmasto 2001). Based on ITS topology (Fig. 3), the taxon Lyomyces albofarinaceus grouped close- ly with L. albopulverulentus and L. gujingensis. The taxon L. albomarginatus was sister to L. crustosus. However, L. gujingensis differs from L. albofari- naceus due to its longer capitate cystidia (40.0-60.0 x 4.0-7.5 um) and by possessing clavate cystidia (16.5-18.0 x 7.5-8.5 um; Dong et al. 2024). L. albopulverulentus can be delimited from L. albofarinaceus by its longer ba- sidiospores (8.0-10.5 x 5.5—7.0 um; Guan et al. 2023). Lyomyces crustosus can be delimited from L. albomarginatus due to its odontoid hymenial surface and longer basidia (20-30 x 4.0-5.0 um; Maekawa 1994). Based on ITS to- pology (Fig. 4), the taxon Tubulicrinis albobadius grouped closely with T. aus- tralis and T. inornatus. However, T. inornatus differs from T. albobadius by its reticulate to porulose hymenial surface and wider basidiospores (4.0-5.0 x 2.5-3.5 um; Maekawa 2021). Based on ITS topology (Fig. 5), the taxon Xy- lodon musicola grouped closely with X. gloeocystidiifer, X. hydnoides and X. neotropicus. However, morphologically, X. gloeocystidiifer differs from X. mu- sicola by its odontioid hymenial surface and smaller basidiospores (3.5—4.0 x 2.8-3.5 um; Yurchenko et al. 2024b), X. hydnoides differs from X. musicola by its hydnoid hymenial surface and by possessing clavate cystidia (29.5—38.5 x 3.5-4.5 um; Dong et al. 2024). Xylodon neotropicus can be delimited from X. MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 164 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China musicola due to its odontioid to short hydnoid hymenial surface and shorter basidiospores (3.5—4.0 x 3.3-3.7 um; Yurchenko et al. 2024b). Morphologically, Hymenochaete weishanensis resembles H. colliculosa (Sacc.) Parmasto, H. biformisetosa Jiao Yang & S.H. He and H. sharmae Hem- brom, K. Das & A. Parihar by ellipsoid basidiospores. However, H. colliculosa differs from H. weishanensis due to its dimitic hyphal system and wider basidia (20.0-24.0 x 5.0-6.0 um; He et al. 2017). The species H. biformisetosa differs from H. weishanensis by its smooth hymenial surface and wider basidiospores (4.3-6.0 x 3.0-4.2 um; Yang and He 2014). The taxon H. sharmae differs from H. weishanensis by its smooth hymenial surface and wider basidia (12.0-16.0 x 4.0-6.0 um; Wang et al. 2019) Morphologically, Lyomyces albofarinaceus resembles L. incanus J.H. Dong & C.L. Zhao, Lyomyces lancangjiangensis Q. Li & C.L. Zhao, and L. yunnanen- sis C.L. Zhao by ellipsoid basidiospores. However, L. lancangjiangensis differs from L. albofarinaceus due to its membranaceous hymenial surface and nar- rower basidia (13.0-23.0 x 3.0-4.5 um; Li et al. 2024b). The taxon L. incanus differs from L. albofarinaceus by its furfuraceous hymenial surface and nar- rower basidiospores (5.0-6.5 x 4.0-5.0 um; Dong et al. 2024). The species L. yunnanensis differs from L. albofarinaceus by its grandinioid hymenial surface and narrower basidiospores (5.0—7.0 x 3.0-4.5 um; Guan et al. 2023). Morphologically, Lyomyces albomarginatus resembles L. lincangensis J.H. Dong &C.L. Zhao, L. luteoalbus J.H. Dong &C.L. Zhao and L. sinensis J.H. Dong & C.L. Zhao by ellipsoid basidiospores. However, L. lincangensis differs from L. albomarginatus due to its coriaceous hymenial surface and wider basidio- spores (4.5-6.5 x 3.5-5.0 um; Dong et al. 2024). L. luteoalbus differs from L. albomarginatus due to its membranaceous hymenial surface and shorter taper- ing cystidia (12.0-17.0 x 2.0-3.5 um; Dong et al. 2024). L. sinensis differs from L. albomarginatus due to its coriaceous hymenial surface and wider basidio- spores (4.5-6.0 x 3.5-4.5 um; Dong et al. 2024). Morphologically, Tubulicrinis albobadius resembles T. hirtellus (Bourd. & Galz.) John Erikss, T. orientalis Parmasto and T. xantha C.L. Zhao by cylindrical basidiospores. However, T. hirtellus differs from T. albobadius due to its poru- lose hymenial surface and longer basidiospores (7.0—8.5 x 2.0-2.5 um; Hjort- stam et al. 1988). The species T. orientalis differs from T. albobadius due to its hispidulous hymenial surface and narrower basidia (11.0-16.0 x 3.5-4.0 um; Maekawa and Nordén 2022). The species T. xantha differs from T. albobadi- us by its furfuraceous hymenial surface and longer and narrower lyocystidia (78.0-192.5 x 5.8-7.5 um; He et al. 2020). Morphologically, Xylodon musicola resembles X. cremeoparinaceus Q. Yuan & C.L. Zhao, X. luteodontioides Q. Yuan & C.L. Zhao and X. wumengshanensis Q. Yuan & C.L. Zhao by ellipsoid basidiospores. However, X. cremeoparinaceus differs from X. musicola due to its farinaceous hymenial surface and narrower basidiospores (3.5-4.5 x 2.5-3.5 um; Yuan and Zhao 2024). The species X. luteodontioides differs from X. musicola due to narrower basidiospores (3.5- 4.5 x 2.5-3.5 um) and by possessing schizopapillate cystidia (29.5-37.0 x 2.5-3.5 um; Yuan and Zhao 2024). The species X. wumengshanensis differs from X. musicola due to its bigger basidia (22.5-33.0 x 5.0-5.5 um) and by possessing fusoid cystidia (14.5-22.0 x 5.5-6.5 um; Yuan and Zhao 2024). MycoKeys 114: 133-175 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/mycokeys.114.143851 165 Yunfei Dai et al.: Five new species of Hymenochaetales from southwestern China This discovery of five new species viz. Hymenochaete weishanensis, Ly- omyces albofarinaceus, L. albomarginatus, Tubulicrinis albobadius, and Xy- lodon musicola enrich our knowledge of fungal diversity in the order Hy- menochaetales. We anticipate that more undescribed taxa will be discovered throughout China after extensive collection combined with morphological and molecular analyses. Additional information Conflict of interest The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Ethical statement No ethical statement was reported. Funding The research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project Nos. 32170004, U2102220), the Yunnan Province College Students Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program (S202410677097, S202410677019), and the High-level Talents Program of Yunnan Province (YNQR-QNRC-2018-111), and the Re- search Project of Yunnan Key Laboratory of Gastrodia and Fungal Symbiotic Biology (TMKF2023A03). Author contributions Conceptualization, CZ; methodology, CZ, HY and YD; software, CZ, YD and QY; validation, CZ and YD; formal analysis, CZ and YD; investigation, RL, DL, CZ and YD; resources CZ, RL and HY; writing — original draft preparation, CZ, YD, QY, XY and RL; writing — review and editing, CZ, HY, and YD; visualization, CZ and YD; supervision, CZ and HY; project administration, CZ; funding acquisition, CZ and HY. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript. Author ORCIDs Yunfei Dai © https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7734-4142 Qi Yuan © https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6732-1656 Xin Yang © https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7755-0581 Rui Liu © https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0447-7766 Haisheng Yuan © https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7056-140X Changlin Zhao © https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8668-1075 Data availability All of the data that support the findings of this study are available in the main text. 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