Check List 2007: 3(3) ISSN: 1809-127X NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Amphibia, Centrolenidae, Cochranella pulverata, Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum: Distribution extension, Ecuador. Martin R. Bustamante ! Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia ~ ** Mario H. Yanez-Mufioz * H. Mauricio Ortega-Andrade * Juan M. Guayasamin '° ' Museo de Zoologia, Centro de Biodiversidad y Ambiente, Escuela de Biologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Apartado 17-01-2184, Quito, Ecuador. E-mail: mrbustamante@puce.edu.ec : King's College London, Department of Geography. Strand, London WC2R 2LS, United Kingdom. > Universidad San Francisco de Quito, College of Biological and Environmental Sciences. C.P. 17-12-841, Quito, Ecuador. * Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, Seccién Vertebrados, Divisién de Herpetologia Rumipamba 341 y Ay. De los Shyris (Parque La Carolina), Quito, Ecuador. > Natural History Museum & Biodiversity Research Center, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, The University of Kansas. Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7561, U.S.A. The amphibian diversity in the Chocoan tropical rain forests of Ecuador is far from being thoroughly documented. Although Neotropical equatorial forests might be the most amphibian-diverse in the world (Duellman 1978; 2005; Lynch 2005; Ron 2001-2006), few studies have been directed towards understanding the richness of the Ecuadorian Choco. This is especially true for Glassfrogs (Centrolenidae), which known richness in Ecuador 1s rapidly increasing (14 species additions to country’s checklist since 2004; Guayasamin and Bonaccorso 2004; Guayasamin et al. 2006a; 2006b; Cisneros- Heredia and McDiarmid 2006; Guayasamin and Trueb Table 1. Centrolenid frogs occurring in Ecuadorian Choco. 2007; Cisneros-Heredia and Meza-Ramos 2007; Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid 2007; Cisneros- Heredia and Yafiez-Mufioz 2007; Cisneros-Heredia 2007). Glassfrogs are mainly considered to be a montane group, and the western slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes hold the highest richness for the country with 17 described species (Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid 2006; Coloma 2005—2007; Cisneros- Heredia and Meza-Ramos 2007; Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid 2007). Some other regions, like the lowlands of the Ecuadorian Choco, also hold high centrolenid diversity (13 species, Table 1), and its species richness could be as important as the Andean, since more species might remain undescribed. Species Reference Centrolene callistommum Centrolene ilex Centrolene litorale Centrolene prosoblepon Cochranella albomaculata Cochranella mache Guayasamin and Trueb 2007 Guayasamin et al. 2006a Grant and Morales 2004 Boulenger 1898 Guayasamin et al. 2006a Guayasamin and Bonaccorso 2004 Cochranella ocellifera Cochranella pulverata Cochranella spinosa Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum This work Hyalinobatrachium fleischmanni Noble 1924 Hyalinobatrachium petersi Goin 1961 Hyalinobatrachium valerioi Duellman and Burrowes 1989 Boulenger 1899 This work Duellman and Burrowes 1989 271 Check List 2007: 3(3) ISSN: 1809-127X NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Herein, we add two species to the list of Chocoan Glassfrogs in Ecuador. We report for the first time Cochranella pulverata and Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum from the Ecuadorian Choco. Specimens are deposited at the Museo de Zoologia, Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador, Quito (QCAZ), and at the Division de Herpetologia, Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, Quito (DHMECN). Cochranella pulverata was known previously from lowlands to moderate elevations in the Atlantic versant of north-central Honduras and Nicaragua, Costa Rica (up to 960 m), Panama; and the Pacific versant of Costa Rica and Panama south to the Department of Narifio in Colombia (up to 300 m) (Ruiz-Carranza et al. 1996; Acosta- Galvis 2000; McCraine and Wilson 2002; Savage 2002; IUCN et al. 2006). We report the presence of Cochranella pulverata in the following Ecuadorian -80° [| <1200m [| 1200-2400 m » 2400 mn Ecuador q° Pacific Ocean localities (Figure 1): Provincia Esmeraldas: 1) Durango (01°03' N, 78°37' W; 100 m), on 24 May 2006, a male perching over leaf at 3 m above a creek (QCAZ 32066); 2) Rio Bogota, recinto Durango (01°00' N, 78°37' W; 120—200 m), on 18 July 2005, a vocalizing male (DHMECN 3194) and a female (DHMECN 3195), both found on epiphytes adhered to rocks about 2 m above a creek; 3) Charco Vicente (0°42' N, 78°54' W; ca. 100 m), on 15 September 1992, an adult female (QCAZ 11368); 4) Salto del Bravo, Reserva Ecologica Cotacachi Cayapas (0°40' N, 78°57' W; 100 m), on 19 April 1993, an adult female (QCAZ 11367); 5) Estero Aguacate, Parroquia San Fran- cisco del Cabo (00°39'N, 80°03' W, 10-64 m), on 15 August 2004, a female on upper side of ferns up to 1.6 m above ground (DHMECN 2612); Province of Pichincha: 6) Silanche (00°08' N, 79°08' W; ca. 400 m), on 1 May 2006, a male calling on the upper side of a leaf, 2 m above a creek (QCAZ 32224). -7g° Colombia re Figure 1. Map showing Ecuadorian records for Cochranella pulverata: (1) Durango; (2) Rio Bogota; (3) Charco Vicente; (4) Salto del Bravo; (5) Estero Aguacate; and (6) Silanche. 212 Check List 2007: 3(3) ISSN: 1809-127X NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Acosta-Galvis (2000) stated that the southern limit of the distribution for Cochranella pulverata in Colombia was Departamento Narifio (Colombian- Ecuadorian border), but did not precise a certain locality. Based on _ that, we extend the distributional range of the species ~ 140 km southwards, being Silanche the southern limit for the known distribution of the species. Cochranella pulverata was found — simpatrically with Centrolene callistommum and Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum in Durango; with Centrolene prosoblepon and H. fleischmanni in Estero Aguacate; with Centrolene ilex, C. callistommum, Cochranella albomaculata, and H. aureoguttatum in Rio Bogota, recinto Durango; and with C. prosoblepon in Charco Vicente. Cochranella pulverata 1s distinguished from other Glassfrogs by the following characters: (1) lime green dorsum with small yellow-white spots; (2) light green bones; (3) venter completely transparent with white heart, liver, and digestive tract; (4) snout truncate from above and obtuse in profile; (5) indistinct tympanum; (6) SVL 22-29 mm in adult males and 23-33 mm in adult females and (7) webbing formula between outmost fingers: I 1 2-3 HI 1 %2-1 ‘A IV (Savage 2002) (Figure 2). ‘ ) ‘ , , wt” - a oye = cn or. ~ a: ie ie. Cap Taf ae iyo. £ eet ) ae ie a Ae Rg SRY Ee wh £3 a * ree i, Mt, ee : Le ; > taf = — Ca i ed The Hyalinobatrachium pulveratum species group was proposed by Ruiz-Carranza and Lynch (1991) to contain the former Centrolenella pulverata and C. antisthenesi. Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid (2006) proposed a new combination for both species, linking them to Cochranella (as C. pulverata and C. antisthenesi). We follow their proposal, with the caveat that Cochranella, as currently defined, 1s not monophyletic (Ruiz- Carranza and Lynch 1991; Guayasamin ef al. 2006b). We suggest that further taxonomic changes in the family should be based on a phylogenetic framework to avoid subjectivity in the generic placement of species. Figure 2. Dorsal and ventral views of Cochranella pulverata (QCAZ 32224). Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum was known previously from extreme southwestern Panama and the Pacific lowlands and western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental of Colombia, in the departa- mentos Antioquia, Choco, Risaralda, and Valle del Cauca, at altitudes between 45-1570 m (Barrera-Rodriguez and Ruiz-Carranza 1989; Ruiz Carranza et al. 1996; Ibafiez et al. 1999; Acosta- Galvis 2000). In Ecuador, this species was collected in the following localities (Figure 3): Provincia Esmeraldas: 1) 2 km E of San Francisco (Durango - San Francisco), on the road to Durango (01°05' N, 78°41' W; 63 m), on 01 December 2004 and 25 May 2006, seven males (QCAZ 27429, ZnS Check List 2007: 3(3) ISSN: 1809-127X NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION 28802, 32101, 32105, 32129, 32132, and 32133); 2) Durango (01°03' N, 78°37' W; 100 m), on 01 July 1994 and 24 May 2006, six males (QCAZ 6302, 6303, 6441, 6442, 32069, and 32070); 3) Rio Bogota, recinto Durango (01°00' N, 78°37' W; 120-200 m), 13-15 August 2005, five males (DHMECN 3221-25); Provincia Imbabura: 4) 6 km east of Lita (00°52' N, 78°26' W; 600 m), on Ol February 1994, a male (QCAZ 4323). Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum is known to reach its southern distribution limit at 3°45' N. -80° [| <1200m [| 1200-2400 m a > 2400m 0 30 —— Pacific Ocean Ecuador 0° Here we give the first reports of H. aureoguttatum for Ecuador, extending the known geographic range ~ 375 km to the south (6 km east of Lita) (Figure 3). The species was found in sympatry with Centrolene callistommum in 2 km east of San Francisco (Durango - San Francisco); with Centrolene callistommum, Centrolene _ ilex, Cochranella albomaculata, and Cochranella pulverata at Rio Bogota, recinto Durango; and with Cochranella albomaculata at 6 km east of Lita. -79° Colombia Figure 3. Map showing Ecuadorian records for Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum. (1) 2 km east of San Francisco; (2) Durango; (3) Rio Bogota; (4) 6 km east of Lita. Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum 1s_ easily diagnosed by the combination of the following characters: (1) light green dorsum with a pale yellow reticulum and between two and six large, bright yellow dots (Colombian populations also have dark flecks); (2) white bones; (3) venter completely transparent with white or red heart, and white liver and digestive tract; (4) snout rounded from above and in profile; (5) tympanic membrane fairly indistinct, tympanic annulus evident anteroventrally; and (6) SVL 19-21 mm in adult males (Figure 4). 274 Check List 2007: 3(3) ISSN: 1809-127X NOTES ON GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION Figure 4. Dorsal and ventral views of Hyalinobatrachium aureoguttatum (QCAZ 32068). Acknowledgments We are grateful to L. A. Coloma and M. Altamirano B. for granting access to specimens deposited at QCAZ and DHMECN. Pablo A. Menéndez helped with geographic information. MRB was funded by Escuela de Biologia, the Pontificia Universidad Catolica del Ecuador and Fundacion Numashir; DFCH was supported by the Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, M. E. and L. Heredia, the Research Training Program, and the Smithsonian Women’s Committee, National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution); JMG was supported by The Literature cited Acosta-Galvis, A. R. 2000. Ranas, salamandras y cecilias (Tetrapoda: Amphibia) de Colombia. Biota Colombiana 1(3): 289-319. Barrera-Rodriguez, M. and P. M. Ruiz-Carranza. 1989. Una nueva especie del género Centrolenella Noble 1920 (Amphibia: Anura: Centrolenidae) de la Cordillera Occidental de Colombia. Trianea 3: 77-84. Boulenger, G. A. 1898. An account of the reptiles and batrachians collected by Mr. W. F. H. Rosenberg in western Ecuador. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1898(1): 107-126. Boulenger, G. A. 1899. 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