ZooKeys 135: 41-56 (201 1) A peer-rev iewed open-access journa I doi: 10.3897/zookeys. 135.1721 #Z,00Ke y www.zookeys.o rg Launched to accelerate biodiversity research A review of Aleurodaphis (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Hormaphidinae) with the description of one new species and keys to species Li-Yun Jiang", Ge-Xia Qiao* Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution and National Zoological Museum of China, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P R. China T urn:lsid:zoobank. org:author:3386E41A-0B 18-4558-97D0-F96E2489F5D5 * urn:lsid:zoobank. org:author:6075A 1 92-E433-4782-9F4D-013126A42DC1 Corresponding author: Ge-Xia Qiao (qiaogx@ioz.ac.cn) Academic editor: Mike Wilson | Received 17 June 2011 | Accepted 16 August 2011 | Published 7 October 2011 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:ASE2B269-844B-4CE7-ACE2-AE72D79F48F5 Citation: Jiang L-Y, Qiao G-X(2011) A review of Aleurodaphis (Hemiptera, Aphididae, Hormaphidinae) with the description of one new species and keys to species. ZooKeys 135: 41-56. doi: 10.3897/zookeys. 135.1721 Abstract The genus Aleurodaphis van der Goot is reviewed. One new species Aleurodaphis sinojackiae Qiao & Ji- ang, sp. n. on Sinojackia xylocarpa from Jiangsu and Zhejiang, China is described. Aleurodaphis sinisalicis Zhang, 1982 is synonymised with A. blumeae van der Goot, 1917. Keys to species, morphological descrip- tion and features of the new species, host plants, and distribution are provided. The specimens including types are deposited in British Natural History Museum, London (BMNH), Kégakkan University, Japan and the National Zoological Museum of China, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (NZMC). Keywords Hormaphidinae, Aleurodaphis, new species, synonym Introduction Aleurodaphis is erected in 1917 by van der Goot. He described the species Aleuroda- phis blumeae as the type of the genus, from Blumea. Its remarkable characters are the followings, body of apterae is aleyrodiform, frontal horn is absent and wax glands are arranged along crenulated margin of body. Takahashi studied the specimens from East Copyright Li-Yun Jiang, Ge-Xia Qiao. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 42 Li-Yun Jiang & Ge-Xia Qiao / ZooKeys 135: 41-56 (2011) Asia, and described two species A. mikaniae Takahashi, 1925 and A. asteris Takahashi & Sorin, 1958. More than 30 years later, one new species was found from India, A. anten- nata Chakrabarti & Maity, (1980) 1982 and one new species was reported in China, A. sinisalicis Zhang, 1982. Sorin and Miyazaki (2004) reviewed the genus from Japan with descriptions of three new species, A. impatientis, A. ligulariae and A. stewartiae. After identifying the specimens from China and checking the specimens of the genus in British Natural History Museum, one new species, A. sinojackiae Qiao & Jiang, sp. n. is found, and A. sinisalicis Zhang, 1982 is synonymised with A. blumeae van der Goot, 1917 here. Therefore, the genus has eight known species in the world (Remaudiére and Remaudiére 1997; Sorin and Miyazaki 2004), including the new species described here. Material and methods Aphid terminology in this paper follows Sorin and Miyazaki (2004) and Ghosh (1988). The unit of measurements in this paper is millimeters (mm). In Tables 1-2, the following abbreviations have been used: Ant. I — IV = antennal segments I — IV; Ant. V b = base of antennal segment V; pt = processus terminalis; URS = ultimate rostral segment; Hind T & F = hind trochanter & femur; 2HTs = second hind tarsal segment. Specimen depositories. The holotype and some paratypes of the new species are deposited in British Natural History Museum, London (BMNH), while the other paratypes in the National Zoological Museum of China, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China (NZMC) and Kégakkan University, Japan. All the other specimens studied are deposited in BMNH and NZMC-. Systematics Aleurodaphis van der Goot, 1917 http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis Aleurodaphis van der Goot, 1917: 239. Aleurodaphis van der Goot: Baker, 1929: 86; ‘Takahashi, 1931: 92; Takahashi and So- rin, 1958: 31; Raychaudhuri, Ghosh, Pal and Ghosh, 1980: 36; Ghosh, 1988: 249; Noordam, 1991: 47; Tao, 1990: 58; Blackman and Eastop, 1994: 551; Re- maudiére and Remaudiére, 1997: 181; Tao, 1999: 17. Type species. Aleurodaphis blumae van der Goot, 1917. Diagnosis. Body oval and flat. In apterous females: body aleyrodiform, absence of frontal horns, and wax glands arranged along the crenulated margin of body. Head and prothorax, meso- and metathorax, abdominal tergites I-VI] fused, respective- ly; only abdominal tergite VIII free; antennae 4 or 5-segmented, primary rhinaria A review of Aleurodaphis 43 small and ciliated; eyes with 3 facets. Dorsal setae fine and sparse. Rostrum reach- ing mid-coxae, at most hind coxae. Ultimate rostral segment obviously longer than second hind tarsal segment. Legs short; first tarsal chaetotaxy: 2—4, 2—4, 2—4; dorsal- apical setae on second hind tarsal segments with funnel-shaped apex. Siphunculi ring-shaped. Cauda knobbed and anal plate bilobed. In alate viviparous females: an- tennae 5-segmented, with secondary rhinaria near ring-shaped, without cilia; eyes normal; first tarsal chaetotaxy: 4, 4, 4, sometimes 3 or 2; fore wings with media once branched, pterostigma extended and two cubitus fused or separated at base; hind wings with two obliques. Host plants. The range of host plants in Aleurodaphis is quite wide, including Compositae (Aster, Blumea, Carpesium, Chrysanthemum, Kalimeris, Ligularia, Para- senecio, Senecio), Balsaminaceae (Impatiens), Gramineae (Bambusa), Moraceae (Ficus), Plantaginaceae (Plantago), Scrophulariaceae (Mazus), Styracaceae (Sinojackia), Uheace- ae (Stewartia), Verbenaceae (Callicarpa) and Violaceae. Biology. Five species, A. asteris, A. blumeae, A. impatientis, A. ligulariae and A. mikaniae, mainly feeding on Compositae species, have monoecious and anholocyclic life cycle. A. sinojackiae Qiao & Jiang, sp. n. and A. stewartiae can form galls on the leaves of the primary host plants, but their secondary hosts are unknown. The details of A. antennata were unreported (Ghosh 1988; Blackman and Eastop 1994, 2006; Sorin and Miyazaki 2004). Distribution. China, Japan, India and Indonesia. Keys to species of Aleurodaphis Apterous viviparous females 1 Body without marginal wax glands; on Stewartia, in curled leaves................ Drala eet te a Ue alia atest ee ee tate ie eee ak mien co acid etc ile A. stewartiae — Bodysawith SOIMGCMMIES 2 0 2 pedis etis Sats iacnseetin tientacasberns veralie nauemioelarc'e A. mikaniae 4 Ultimate rostral segment 4.60—7.50 times as long as its basal width, and 1.96—2.32 times as long as second hind tarsal segment ............... A. blumeae = Ultimate rostral segment 3.38—4.00 times as long as its basal width, and 1.19-1.80 times as long as second hind tarsal segment «0.0... ce eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 5 5 First tarsal chaetotaxy: 3, 3, 3; antennal segment HI with 25—29 secondary EAT AA hcp Acannk tennis erage Tae ea teases Rat scdlensn RetN 21) Mea deem OE A. stewartiae = First tarsal chaetotaxy: 4, 4, 4 or 3-4, 3-4, 2-4; antennal segment III with D-l2secondaty thitiatia. toch i Ae ee cine igen ent a A, impatientis Oo Aleurodaphis antennata Chakrabarti & Maity, (1980) 1982 http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_antennata Aleurodaphis antennata Chakrabarti & Maity, (1980) 1982: 56. Aleurodaphis antennata Chakrabarti & Maity: Ghosh, 1988: 252; Blackman and Eas- top, 1994: 551; Remaudiére and Remaudieére, 1997: 179. Host plants. Bambusa sp. Distribution. India (Ghosh 1988) . A review of Aleurodaphis 45 Aleurodaphis asteris Takahashi & Sorin, 1958 http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_asteris Aleurodaphis asteris Takahashi & Sorin, 1958: 31. Aleurodaphis asteris Vakahashi & Sorin: Zhang, Zhong and Zhang, 1992: 142; Remau- diére and Remaudiére, 1997: 179; Tao, 1999: 17; Sorin and Miyazaki, 2004: 166. Material examined. CHINA (NZMC): 2 apterous viviparous females, 15 April 1991, Jiangle, Fujiang, No. 10054, on Violaceae, coll. W. Y. Zhang; 8 apterous viviparous females, 13 August 2003, Motuo, Tibet, No. 15371, host plants unknown, coll. G. X. Qiao and X. L. Huang; JAPAN (BMNH): 24 apterous viviparous females, 5 August 1966, Osaka, Chihaya, on Aster sp., coll. M. Sorin.; 9 apterous viviparous females, 29 May 1964, Osaka, Kongo Mt., on Aster sp., coll. v. d. Bosch; 4 apterous viviparous females, 7 June 1966, Kyushu, Hikosan, on Kalimeris sp., coll. H. Takada; 8 apterous viviparous females, 6 August 1980, Kyoto, Kibune Mt., on Aster yomena, coll. R. L. Blackman; KOREA (BMNH): 2 apterous viviparous females, 15 September 1963, UI- nungdo, on Aster incisus, coll. W. H. Paik; 1 apterous viviparous female, 14 September 1963, Pusan, on Chrysanthemum zawidskii, coll. W. H. Paik. Host plants. Carpesium abrotanoides, Aster yomena, A. incisus, Chrysanthemum zawaidskii, Kalimeris sp. and Violaceae. Biology. The species feed on the stems, leafstalks, flower stalks and leaves of the host plants. Distribution. China, Japan and Korea. Aleurodaphis blumeae van der Goot, 1917 http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_blumeae Figs 1-2 Aleurodaphis blumeae van der Goot, 1917: 240. Aleurodaphis nobukii Shinji, 1923: 301. Astegopteryx japonica Vakahashi, 1923: 150. Aleurodaphis sinisalicis Zhang, 1982: 20. syn. n. Aleurodaphis blumeae van der Goot: Takahashi, 1921: 92; Takahashi, 1923: 150; Taka- hashi, 1924: 98; Raychaudhuri, Ghosh, Pal and Ghosh, 1980: 362; Ghosh, 1988: 256; Noordam, 1991: 47; Tao, 1990: 59; 1999: 17; Remaudiére and Remaudiére, 1997: 179; Sorin and Miyazaki, 2004: 166. Comments. The type specimens of Aleurodaphis sinisalicis Zhang, 1982 were checked, including 48 apterous viviparous females, 25 July 1963, Sichuan (Guanxian County), No. Y0399, on Salix sp., coll. G. X. Zhang and T. S. Zhong. The result confirmed the queries of Blackman and Eastop (1994) and Remaudiére and Remaudiére (1997) that A. sinisalicis (Fig. 2) was a synonym of A. blumeae (Fig. 1). 46 Li-Yun Jiang & Ge-Xia Qiao / ZooKeys 135: 41-56 (2011) Figures 1-2. Apterous viviparous female. | dorsal view of body, Aleurodaphis blumeae van der Goot 2 dorsal view of body, syntype of Aleurodaphis sinisalicis Zhang. Scale bars = 0.10 mm. The original descriptions of Aleurodaphis sinisalicis Zhang, 1982 were accurate, but the morphological characters of A. b/umeae in his diagnosis were wrong. Perhaps, this is the main reason why Zhang (1992) described it as a new species. In the original descrip- tions of Aleurodaphis sinisalicis Zhang, 1982, the diagnosis was: the ratio of body length to antennae length was 4.70 (A. blumeae: 2.70), the base of cauda restricted (A. blumeae: not restricted), and the anal plate bilobed (A. b/umeae: not bilobed). Actually, the mor- phological characters of A. b/umeae in this diagnosis were inaccurate. In A. blumeae, the ratio of body length to antennae length was 4.80 instead of 2.70, the base of cauda restricted instead of not restricted, and the anal plate bilobed instead of not bilobed. The host plant of A. sinisalicis, Salix sp., is perhaps mis-recorded. Material examined. CHINA (NZMC): 6 apterous viviparous females, 17 August 2004, Guizhou (Daozhen County), No. 15597, host plants unknown, coll. J. Y. Yang; 6 apterous viviparous females, 17 July 2001, Shaanxi (Nanzheng County), No. Y8606, host plants unknown, coll. S. H. Wang; 7 apterous viviparous females, 8 September 1995, Jiangxi (Jinggangshan City), No. 10852, on Compositae, coll. G. X. Zhang; 9 apterous viviparous females and 7 alate viviparous females, 25 April 1984, Shaanxi (Yangling County), No. 64, on Carpesium cernuum, coll. X. FE. Dai; 5 alate viviparous females, May 1984, Shaanxi (Yangling County), No. Y6227, host plants unknown, coll. X. F Dai; 3 apterous viviparous females, 26 June 1983, Zhejiang (Lin’an City), A review of Aleurodaphis 47 No. Y2692, on Carpesium abrotanoides, collector unknown; 5 apterous viviparous fe- males, 8 April 1998, Guangxi (Napo County), No. 11772, on Callicarpa bodinieri, coll. G. X. Qiao; 14 apterous viviparous females, 21 April 1998, Guangxi (Fangcheng- gang City), No. 11840, on Senecio scandens, coll. G. X. Qiao; 16 apterous viviparous females, 22 March 1998, Guangxi (Pingxiang City), No. 11580, on Plantago asiatica, coll. G. X. Qiao; 7 apterous viviparous females, Hunan, No. 8887, on Compositae, the collector unknown; 3 apterous viviparous females and 2 nymphs, Feburary 1925, Taiwan (Taihoku), on Ficus sp., coll. R. Takahashi (BMNH); 107 apterous viviparous females, 1 alate viviparous female and 24 nymphs, 21 May 1985, Zhejiang (Hangzhou City), on Carpesium abrotanoides, coll. V. F. Eastop (BMNH); JAPAN (BMNH): 2 apterous viviparous females and 4 nymphs, 29 August 1913, Kumamoto, on Blumea sp., coll. Theobald; 10 alate viviparous females, 22 September 1957, Osaka, on Carp- esium abrotanoides var. tumbergianum, coll. M. Sorin; 2 apterous viviparous females, 2 alate viviparous females and 4 nymphs, 30 July 1957, Tokyo, Takao Mt., on Blumea sp., coll. R. Takahashi; 7 apterous viviparous females and 12 nymphs, 16 August 1991, Chiba, Sayama, on Carpesium sp., coll. D. L. Stern; KOREA (BMNH);: 2 apterous vi- viparous females, 15 September 1963, Ulnungdo, on Mazus miguelii, coll. W. H. Paik; 1 apterous viviparous female, July 1969, Lri, host plants unknown, coll. W. H. Paik; INDONESIA (BMNH): 6 apterous viviparous females and 2 alate viviparous females, 13 July 1916, Garoet, on Compositae, coll. D. van der Goot; MALAYSIA (BMNH): 3 apterous viviparous females and 2 nymphs, 23 September 1944, Cameron Highlands, on Blumea sp., coll. R. Takahashi; PHILIPPINES (BMNH): 1 alate viviparous fe- male, September 1962, Davao Exp. Station, trap in Abacca grove, coll. M. R. Gavarra; 1 alate viviparous female, July 1963, Davao Exp. Station, host plants unknown, coll. M. R. Gavarra; 1 alate viviparous female, January 1964, Davao Exp. Station, host plants unknown, coll. M. R. Gavarra; 1 alate viviparous female, March 1964, Davao Exp. Station, host plants unknown, coll. M. R. Gavarra; 3 apterous viviparous females and 2 nymphs, 13 September 1964, Makiling, on Blumea sp., coll. V. S. Calilung. Host plants. Carpesium cernuum, C. abrotanoides, C. abrotanoides var. tumber- gianum, Senecio scandens, Blumea chinensis, Callicarpa bodinieri, Mazus miguelii, Ficus sp. and Plantago asiatica. The common hosts are various Compositae. Biology. This species feeds on the lower surface of leaves, along the main veins. It can infest Blumea on stems and undersides of young leaves, causing slight leaf-curl (Calilung 1967). Distribution. China, Japan, Korea, Indonesia, Malaysia and Philippine. Aleurodaphis impatientis Sorin & Miyazaki, 2004 http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_impatientis Aleurodaphis impatientis Sorin & Miyazaki, 2004: 167. Host plants. /mpatiens textori and I. noli-tangere. 48 Li-Yun Jiang & Ge-Xia Qiao / ZooKeys 135: 41-56 (2011) Biology. The species is viviparous throughout the year on /mpatiens spp. Alate viviparous females appear in the latter part of September. Adult apterous viviparous females pass the winter on the stalks near and just below the ground level. The hiber- nated adult females move to the seedlings and start to feed on the leaves and stalks in mid-April (Sorin and Miyazaki 2004). Distribution. Japan (Sorin and Miyazaki 2004). Aleurodaphis ligulariae Sorin & Miyazaki, 2004 http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_ligulariae Aleurodaphis ligulariae Sorin & Miyazaki, 2004: 170. Host plant. Ligularia fischeri. Biology. The aphid lives on the lower side of the leaves and the apical part of the stem, as well as on the flower stalk at the tips of the host plant shoots. ‘The alate vivipa- rous females appear in the latter part of September. Adult apterous viviparous females pass the winter on the basal part of the stem just below the ground level and on fallen leaves in the ground litter (Sorin and Miyazaki 2004). Distribution. Japan (Sorin and Miyazaki 2004). Aleurodaphis mikaniae Takahashi, 1925 http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_mikaniae Aleurodaphis mikaniae Vakahashi, 1925: 51. Aleurodaphis mikaniae Yakahashi: Remaudiére and Remaudiére, 1997: 179; Tao, 1999: 17. Material examined. CHINA (NZMC): 6 apterous viviparous females and 3 alate viviparous females, 24 August 2004, Guizhou (Daozhen County), No. 15638, host plants unknown, coll. J. Y. Yang; 4 apterous viviparous females, 15 August 2003, Si- chuan (Baoxing County), No. 15017, on Parasenecio sp., coll. K. Guo; 7 apterous viviparous females, 27 June 1999, Shaanxi (Foping County), No. 12336, on Composi- tae, coll. T. L. He; 20 apterous viviparous females, 12 October 1988, Hunan (Zhangji- ajie City), No. 8962, on Impatiens sp., coll. T. S. Zhong and G. X. Zhang; 4 apter- ous viviparous females, 26 September 1974, Guizhou (Guiyang City), No. Y2123, on Senecio scandens, coll. Y. Y. Rao; 10 apterous viviparous females, 31 March 1982, Yunnan (Kunming City), No. 7373, on Senecio scandens, coll. G. X. Zhang; 6 apterous viviparous females, 12 October 1996, Shaanxi (Zhouzhi County), No. 11096, host plants unknown, coll. G. X. Qiao; 4 apterous viviparous females, 18 August 2003, Sichuan (Baoxing County), host plants unknown, coll. K. Guo; 10 apterous vivipa- rous females, 12 July 2002, Shaanxi (Meixian County), No. 13559, host plants un- known, coll. E. B. Ma; 14 apterous viviparous females, July 1936, Taiwan (Shinkwan), A review of Aleurodaphis 49 host plants unknown, coll. R. Takahashi; JAPAN (BMNH): 41 apterous viviparous females, 6 August 1980, Kyoto, Kibune Mt., on Jmpatiens sp., coll. R. L. Blackman. Host plants. Parasenecio sp., Impatiens sp., and Senecio scandens. Distribution. China and Japan. Aleurodaphis sinojackiae Qiao & Jiang, sp. n. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4FE949A7-BF92-425C-BEDC-176EB4CA495A http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_sinojackiae Figs 3-36 Locus typicus. China (Jiangsu and Zhejiang). Etymology. The new species is named after its host plant, Sinojackia xylocarpa. Description of mounted specimens. Apterous viviparous females (Table 1; Figs 3-13, 20-28). Body oval (Fig. 20). Measurements: body 1.86—2.09 long, 1.01— 1.24 wide. Cephalic setae, marginal setae on abdominal tergite I and dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VII 0.04—0.06, 0.04, 0.06—0.07 long. Antennae 0.61—0.68 long, segment HI 0.19—0.23 long. Setae on segment III 0.03 long. Ultimate rostral segment Figures 3-19. Aleurodaphis sinojackiae Qiao & Jiang, sp. n. 3=13 Apterous viviparous female. 3 dor- sal view of head 4 antennae 5 ultimate rostral segment 6 dorsal view of thorax 7 hind tarsal segments 8 abdominal tergite VIII 9 dorsal setae and sculptures on abdominal tergite VI 10 siphunculus 11 cauda 12 anal plate 13 genital plate. 14-19 Alate viviparous female. 14 antennae 15 ultimate rostral segment 16 basal half of fore wing 17 siphunculus 18 cauda 19 anal plate. Scale bars = 0.10 mm. 50 Li-Yun Jiang & Ge-Xia Qiao / ZooKeys 135: 41-56 (2011) Table |. Measurements of apterous viviparous females of Aleurodaphis sinojackiae Qiao & Jiang, sp. n. (mm) No. Body | Body | Ant. | Ant. | Ant. | Ant. | Ant. | Ant. |URS |/Hind |2HTs | Cauda length |width |1 | jm |Iv |vb |Vpte T & F length 1 1.92 |1.15 |0.07 |0.08 | 0.21 |0.12 |0.13 | 0.04 | 0.13 0.36 |0.10 0.10 vs 1.98 1.13. |0.07 |0.07 |0.20 |0.10 | 0.12 |0.03 | 0.15 0.36 | 0.10 0.09 3* 2.05 |1.21 [0.07 |0.08 [0.23 |0.12 |0.13 |0.03 [0.14 |0.38 [0.10 |0.09 1.89 |1.07 |0.07 [0.08 [0.19 [0.12 [0.12 |0.03 0.12 |0.33 {0.10 | 0.09 1.86 |1.09 |0.08 | 0.07 0.12 [0.04 ]0.14 0.11 | 0.08 2.09 |1.01 |0.08 | 0.08 0.14 [0.04 |0.13 0.11 | 0.09 2.05 |1.24 |0.07 [0.08 0.13 [0.03 |0.15 0.10 | 0.09 2.03 |1.05 [0.07 |0.08 |0.22 |0.11 |0.13 |0.04 ]0.14 [0.37 |0.10 | 0.09 Average [1.98 |1.12 |0.07 |0.08 | 0.21 |0.11 [0.13 |0.03 [0.14 [0.37 |0.10 | 0.09 Remark. * Holotype; for abbreviations see Materials and Methods. CON] A] AN Table 2. Measurements of alate viviparous females of Aleurodaphis sinojackiae Qiao & Jiang, sp. n. (mm) No. Ant. | Ant. Cauda length | width |I II III |IV length 1 0.07 |0.28 | 0.14 0.08 2 0.07 [0.25 | 0.14 0.08 4 0.06 |0.18 |0.11 0.06 5 0.63 |0.05 | 0.05 |0.19 |0.09 |0.08 [0.02 [0.10 | 0.30 0.06 6 0.05 7 0.05 |0.18 |0.11 0.06 8 0.05 |0.19 |0.10 0.06 Average 0.64 |0.06 |0.05 |0.20 }0.11 ]0.10 [0.03 |0.11 0.30 0.06 0.12—0.15 long. Hind trochanter and femur 0.33—0.39 long, hind tibia 0.38—-0.44 long, second hind tarsal segment 0.10—0.11 long. Setae on hind tibia 0.04—0.06 long. Apical diameter of siphunculi 0.04—0.05. Cauda 0.08—0.10 long. Head and pronotum (Figs 3, 21), mesonotum and metanotum (Fig. 6), abdominal tergites I-VII fused (Fig. 20), respectively; tergite VIII free (Fig. 8). Antennae, rostrum and legs brown; cauda, anal plate and genital plate dark brown. Dorsum of body rough, covered with dense sculptures on dorsum of head and thoracic notums, and with sparse sculptures on abdominal tergites (Fig. 9). Dorsum of body with round marginal wax glands, composited with big facets (Figs 8, 25, 26). Pro- and metanotum each with 13 wax glands, mesonotum with 8 wax glands, abdominal tergites I-VI each with 3-6 pairs of wax glands; tergite VIII with 10-13 wax glands. Dorsal setae of body fine and short (Fig. 9). Head with 2 pairs of cephalic and spinal setae, 3 pairs of marginal setae; pronotum with 2 pairs of spinal, 1 pair of pleural and 2 pairs of marginal setae; mes- onotum with 2 pairs of spinal, 3 pairs of pleural and 2 pairs of marginal setae; metano- tum with 1 pair of spinal, 3 pairs of pleural and 2 pairs of marginal setae; abdominal tergite | with 1 pair of spinal, pleural and marginal setae; tergites I-VI each with 1 pair of spinal and marginal setae; tergite VII with 1 pair of spinal and 5 marginal setae. A review of Aleurodaphis 51 Figures 20-28. Aleurodaphis sinojackiae Qiao & Jiang, sp. n. Apterous viviparous female. 20 dorsal view of body 21 dorsal view of head and pronotum 22 antenna 23 ultimate rostral segment 24 fore tarsal segments 25 siphunculus 26 abdominal tergite VII and cauda 27 anal plate 28 genital plate. Scale bars = 0.10 mm. 52 Li-Yun Jiang & Ge-Xia Qiao / ZooKeys 135: 41-56 (2011) Abe : 3 * = os e i ’ r J A : » Figures 29-34. Aleurodaphis sinojackiae Qiao & Jiang, sp. n. Alate viviparous female. 29 dorsal view of body 30 antennae 31 ultimate rostral segment 32 siphunculus 33 cauda 34 anal plate. Scale bars = 0.10 mm. Cephalic setae, marginal setae on abdominal tergite I, setae on abdominal tergite VIII 1.20-1.60, 0.45—-1.20 and 1.09—2.00 times as long as widest diameter of antennal seg- ment III, respectively. Spiracles oval, closed, on brown oval spiracular plates. Head: Front flat and straight. Eyes with 3 facets. Antennae 5-segmented (Figs 4, 22), with spinulose imbrications on segments HI-V, 0.33—0.38 times as long as body. Length in proportion of segments I-V: 31-38 : 34-42 : 100 : 50-62 : 56-65+13-21, respectively. Processus terminalis 0.25—0.33 times as long as base of the segment V. Segments I—-V each with 2-4, 2 or 3, 0 or 1, 1 or 2, 2+0 setae, respectively. Processus terminalis with 5 or 6 apical setae. Setae on segment III 0.58 times as long as widest diameter of the segment. Primary rhinaria small and round. Rostrum short, reaching mid-coxae. Ultimate rostral segment acute wedge-shaped (Figs 5, 23), 2.67—3.33 times as long as its basal width, 1.14—1.43 times as long as second hind tarsal segment; with 2 pairs of primary setae and 1 or 2 pairs of secondary setae. A review of Aleurodaphis 30 Thorax: Mesosternal furca with two separated arms, each arm 1.21—1.41 times as long as widest diameter of antennal segment II. Legs normal. Trochanter and femora fused, hind trochanter and femur 1.63—1.85 times as long as antennal seg- ment III, hind tibia 0.20—0.22 times as long as body; setae on hind tibia 0.88—0.94 times as long as its mid-diameter. First tarsal chaetotaxy: 4, 4, 4, sometimes 3, 3, 4 or 4, 4, 3. Second hind tarsal segment with 2 setae between claws and each seta with funnel-shaped apex (Figs 7, 24). Abdomen: Siphunculi pore-like (Figs 10, 25), on abdominal tergite VI, apical di- ameter 1.00-1.40 times as long as widest diameter of antennal segment III. Cauda, anal plate and genital plate with spinulose imbrications. Cauda knobbed (Figs 11, 26), constricted in middle, 0.55—0.68 times as long as its basal width, with 9 or 10 apical setae. Anal plate bilobed (Figs 12, 27), each with 6-8 setae. Genital plate broad band-shaped (Figs 13, 28), with 3 or 4 anterior setae and 14—23 middle and posterior marginal setae. Two gonapophyses each with 5 short setae. Alate viviparous females (Table 2; Figs 4-19, 29-34). Body oval (Fig. 29). Measure- ments: body 1.30—2.00 long, 0.56—0.82 wide. Cephalic setae, marginal setae on ab- dominal tergite I and dorsal setae on abdominal tergite VIII 0.016—0.021, 0.015-0.017, 0.020—0.026 long, respectively. Antennae 0.49-0.74 long, segment HI 0.18—0.28 long. Ultimate rostral segment 0.10—0.14 long. Hind femur 0.26-—0.40 long, hind tibia 0.36 long, second hind tarsal segment 0.07—0.11 long. Setae on hind tibia 0.030 long. Fore wing 1.64—1.74 long. Apical diameter of siphunculi 0.04—0.05. Cauda 0.05—0.08 long. Dorsum of body dark brown, antenna, apex of rostrum, legs, cauda, anal plate and genital plate brown. Dorsal setae of body fine, short and pointed, slightly longer than ventral setae. Head with 2 pairs of cephalic setae, 2 pairs of setae between antennae and 2 pairs of setae between eyes; abdominal tergites I-VI each with 1 pair of spinal and marginal setae; tergite VIII with 1 pair of spinal setae. Cephalic setae, marginal setae on abdominal tergite I, setae on abdominal tergite VII 0.51—0.67, 0.50-0.54 and 0.64—0.83 times as long as widest diameter of antennal segment III, respectively. Head: Front rounded. Antennae 5-segmented (Figs 14, 30), with sparse imbrica- tions on segments I-II and dense spinulose imbrications on segments HI-V. Whole length of antennae 0.37—0.43 times as long as body, length in proportion of segments I-V: 21-32 : 24-33 : 100 : 49-60 : 41-53+10-15, respectively. Processus terminalis 0.29-0.37 times as long as base of the segment V. Segments I—V each with 3-5, 2 or 3, 0 or 1, 1, 1 or 2+0 setae, respectively. Processus terminalis with 5 apical setae. Primary rhinaria irregular ring-shaped. Segments II], IV and base of Segment V each with 10-14, 3-6 and 2-4 secondary rhinaria, respectively. Rostrum short, reaching mid-coxae. Ultimate rostral segment (Figs 15, 31) 2.50—2.86 times as long as its basal width, 1.20—1.54 times as long as second hind tarsal segment; with 2 or 3 pairs of primary setae and 1 or 2 pairs of secondary setae. Thorax: Legs normal. Hind femur 1.50—1.62 times as long as antennal segment III, hind tibia 0.25—0.28 times as long as body; setae on hind tibia 0.91—1.20 times as long as its mid-diameter. First tarsal chaetotaxy: 4, 4, 3. Fore wing (Figs 16, 29) 1.17—1.34 times as long as body, 2.00—2.42 times as long as width of the wing. Media 54 Li-Yun Jiang & Ge-Xia Qiao / ZooKeys 135: 41-56 (2011) once branched. Pterostigma long and curved to the apex of the wing. Hind wings with one thick longitudinal vein and two oblique veins. Abdomen: Siphunculi pore-like (Figs 17, 32), apical diameter 1.33—1.51 times as long as widest diameter of antennal segment IIH. Cauda knobbed (Figs 18, 33), con- stricted in middle, 0.68—0.86 times as long as its basal width, with 6-8 apical setae. Anal plate bilobed (Figs 19, 34), each with 6 or 7 setae. Genital plate broad band- shaped, with 3 anterior setae and 12—15 posterior marginal setae. Two gonapophyses each with 5 or 6 setae. Embroys. Body oval, with wax glands arranged along crenulated margin in both apterae and alatae. Cephalic setae short and pointed. Antennae 4-segmented. Rostrum and legs well developed. Legs covered with dense setae. Siphunculi visible. Type material examined. Holotype, 1 apterous viviparous female, CHINA: Zhejiang (Hangzhou City), 21 May 1985, on Sinojackia xylocarpa, coll. V. F. Eastop (BMNH). Paratypes, 28 apterous viviparous females, 2 alate viviparous females and 8 nymphs, with the same collection data as holotype (BMNH); 9 apterous viviparous females and 11 alate viviparous females, CHINA: Jiangsu (Zhongshan Botanic Gar- den, Nanjing City, Alt. 100m), No. Y7116, 10 June 1987, on Sinojackia xylocarpa, coll. T. S. Zhong (NZMC); 1 apterous viviparous female and 1 alate viviparous female, CHINA: Jiangsu (Zhongshan Botanic Garden, Nanjing City, Alt. 100m), No. Y7116, 10 June 1987, on Sinojackia xylocarpa, coll. T. S. Zhong (Kégakkan University, Japan). Host plants. Sinojackia xylocarpa. Biology. The species induced the leaves of host plants to curl and form boat- shaped leaf galls. Diagnosis. The new species differs from the other known species as follows: in apter- ous viviparous female: wax glands arranged in each segment, not connecting with each other (the other species: arranged continuously along the edge of body as a crenulation, or without wax glands); in alate viviparous female compared to the most similar species A. mikaniae: antennal segment II with 10-14 secondary rhinaria (A. mikaniae: 24-27); first tarsal chaetotaxy: 4, 4, 4, sometimes 3, 3, 3 (A. mikaniae: 3, 3, 3, sometimes 2, 2, 2). Remark. As the detailed biological information is very important to research the taxonomic position of the genus and species identification, the life cycle of the new species will receive further study in future. Aleurodaphis stewartiae Sorin & Miyazaki, 2004 http://species-id.net/wiki/Aleurodaphis_stewartiae Aleurodaphis stewartiae Sorin & Miyazaki, 2004: 174. Host plants. Primary host: Stewartia monadelpha. Secondary hosts unknown. Biology. The aphid induces a leaf gall, which is formed by rolling the marginal part of the leaf upwards. ‘The gall is about 47.5 long and 7.2 wide, with a surface rough to the touch. The alate viviparous females emerge in early August, and then disappear A review of Aleurodaphis 35 from the host tree, probably emigrating to some unknown secondary host (Sorin and Miyazaki 2004). Distribution. Japan (Sorin and Miyazaki 2004). Acknowledgments The authors cordially thank Prof. M Sorin in Kégakkan University, Japan for his check- ing specimens of the new species and providing the related Japanese references for our research, and are deeply indebted to all the specimen collectors in this study; RL Blackman, VD Bosch, VS Calilung, XF Dai, VF Eastop, MR Gavarra, van der Goot, K Guo, TL He, XL Huang, EB Ma, WH Paik, YY Rao, M Sorin, DL Stern, H Takada, R Takahashi, Theobald, SH Wang, JY Yang, GX Zhang, WY Zhang and TS Zhong. We also thank Miss CP Liu for making slides of the new species. The work was supported by the National Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scientists (No. 31025024), National Natural Sciences Foundation of China (Nos. 30830017, 30970391), Nation- al Science Fund for Fostering Talents in Basic Research (No.J0930004), a grant (No. O529YX5105) from the Key Laboratory of the Zoological Systematics and Evolution of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China (MOST GRANT No. 2006FY110500). References Baker AC (1929) Generic classification of the Hemipterous family Aphididae. Bulletin, United States, Department of Agriculture 826: 1-109. Blackman RL, Eastop VF (1994) Aphids on the World’s Trees. An Identification and Informa- tion Guide. CAB International in Association with the Natural History Museum, Wall- ingford, UK, 987 pp. Blackman RL, Eastop VF (2006) Aphids on the World’s Herbaceous Plants and Shrubs. 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