Title
Upper Miocene echinoids from the Yorktown Formation of Virginia and their environmental significance
Related Titles
Series:
Smithsonian contributions to paleobiology, no. 13
By
Kier, Porter M
Type
Book
Material
Published material
Publication info
Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press; [for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off.], 1972
Notes
Five echinoid species are described from the upper Miocene part of the Yorktown Formation of Virginia: Echinocardium orthonotum (Conrad), Arbacia imporcera (Conrad), Psammechinus philanthropus (Conrad), Mellita aclinensis Kier, and Spatangus glenni Cooke. The assemblage probably lived in shallow, warm-temperate waters, E. orthonotum deeply buried near shore, S. glenni shallowly buried offshore, and M. aclinensis with its test just covered near shore. Arbacia improcera and P. philanthropus presumably lived together intertidally and near shore, P. philanthropus living in holes in the indurated sediments or on the sand with its test covered with debris, whereas A. improcera probably was easily visible with nothing covering its test. Specimens formerly referred to E. orthonotum from the middle Miocene Choptank Formation from Maryland are referred to E. marylandiense, new species. Echinocardium gothicum (Ravenel), from the Bear Bluff Formation of South Carolina, is considered a junior subjective synonym of E. orthonotum.
Subjects
Miocene
,
Paleontology
,
Sea urchins, Fossil
,
Virginia
BHL Collections
Unearthed! Smithsonian Libraries' Paleo Collection
Call Number
QE701 .S56 no. 13
Language
English
Identifiers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5479/si.00810266.13.1
LCCN:
https://lccn.loc.gov/72601459
OCLC:
493125
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