296 Bihliograjpliical Notices. 



author has examined, all develope in their early stage multicellular 

 masses like those of Mucor romanus. 



The Boirijtis-torm. of Mucor romanus, and two analogous forms 

 which the author has succeeded in producing from two other Mucors, 

 also have similar bodies or their equivalents. One of these produces 

 a quantity of black sclerotium almost as big as ergot. Many other 

 Mucedines are states of thecasporous fuugi. May not the Botrytis- 

 Mucors be in the same case ? 



Perhaps the yellow bodies may produce an Hymeuomycete. Two 

 sorts of Coprinus have been seen by the author to commence by 

 enrolment and segmentation of a mycelium-thread. 



M. Carnoy concludes that possibly these facts may lead to the 

 uniting in one group of the Mucedines, the Muconnece, the Asco- 

 mycetes, and the Hymenomycetes. These four general forms, of 

 which as many classes have been made, are, in the author's opinion, 

 only phases of existence destined to be passed through by one 

 and the same mycological species, in order to complete and bring to 

 a close the entire cycle of its development. 



General Outline of the Organization of the Animal Kingdom, and 

 Manual of Comparative Anatomy. By Thomas Rtmer Jones, 

 F.R.S. &c. 4th edition. 8vo. London: Van Voorst, 1871. 



The short time that has elapsed between the publication of the 

 third and fourth editions of Professor Rymer Jones's * Animal King- 

 dom ' shows that its reputation is so well established and its useful- 

 ness so generally recognized that for us to express any opinion upon 

 its merits would be almost a work of supererogation. With all its 

 defects (and Ave must confess that the author's intense conservatism 

 makes these more numerous than they would otherwise be). Pro- 

 fessor Jones's volume is actually the only work in oui" language to 

 which we can refer the student as to a storehouse of sound zoolo- 

 gical and anatomical details systematically arranged ; and if the 

 author would only add to his other qualifications a rather clearer 

 idea of morphological matters, it would really leave little to be 

 desired. 



In the present publication Professor Jones has carried a step 

 further the reform in his classification which was inaugurated in his 

 third edition, and has accepted the group Coelenterata as a zoological 

 Bubkingdom. Nevertheless, by some strange confusion, he has failed 

 to get the benefit from this step which he might have done ; in- 

 deed it is questionable whether, as regards the vali;e of his teachiug, 

 he would not have done better to leave matters as they were. From 

 his expressions at page 4, and from the general arrangement of 

 his chapters, he appears to consider that the Cuvierian Radiata 

 have been divided into the two groups of Protozoa and Coelente- 

 rata, than which nothing can be more erroneous ; and this error 

 is carried out by the arrangement of the Helminthozoa (including 

 TurbcUaria) and Echinodermata under the subkingdom Ccelen- 



