Miscellaneous. 449 



such as those oi Nelumho, which is nearly allied to Sarracenia. The 

 large and shallow cone which is formed hy the limb of the leaf in 

 Nelamho becomes, in Sarracenui, deeper and narrower, so as finally 

 to present the form of a long obconical cornet. Simultaneously with 

 this change of form, the portion of the leaf which is called the lid 

 becomes marked off, no doubt in a variable manner in the different 

 species. We know that there arc peltate leaves of which the margin 

 of the limb is not entire, but cut into crenulations and lobes, and 

 that sometimes these lobes are unequal, the terminal median one 

 being perhaps more developed than the others. This is one of the 

 causes of the petiole not being inserted in the centre of the peltate 

 limb, but nearer to its base, which is most commonly more or less 

 deeply emarginate-cordate. In the leaf of iSarracenia we might 

 expect from the first to see an analogous phenomenon produced, 

 because the pit is surrounded by a border which is thicker above 

 than at the sides and below. This inequality only becomes more 

 strongly marked with age ; and it is the upper margin that increases 

 most rapidly, afterwards becoming slightly constricted at its base. 

 This is the origin of the lid and of the more or less distinct lateral 

 projections which often accompany it ; these are consequently not a 

 limb, but the unequal lobes of a limb which existed before them. 



The signification of that sort of vertical keel which runs along the 

 inner border of the pitcher remains to be explained. This organ 

 exists, usually in a rudimentary state, in a great number of peltate 

 leaves. In these leaves we often observe a nervure or projecting 

 crest, which stretches, on the lower surface of the limb, from' the 

 insertion of the petiole to the bottom of the sinus presented by the 

 base of the limb. The crest of the leaves of Sarracenia appears to 

 us to be nothing but an exaggeration of this very part ; and its 

 vertical direction is merely the consequence of the extreme depth 

 acquired by the immoderately peltate limb of the leaf of Sarracenia . 

 — Comptes Rendus, Nov. 7, 1870, p. 630. 



Note on the Malar Bone in the Sl-ulls of Manidae. 

 By Dr. J. E. Gray, F.R.S. &c. 



The skulls of Manis which have been described and figured, and 

 all the specimens that I have hitherto seen in different museums, 

 have a very imperfect zygomatic arch, caused by the absence of the 

 malar bone. Indeed Mr. Flower, in his admirable ' Introduction to 

 the Osteology of the Mammalia ' (p. 200), describing the skull of 

 Manis, observes : — " There is no distinction between the orbit and 

 the temporal fossa, which forms a small oval dei)ression near the 

 middle of the side of the skull. There are short zygomatic pro- 

 cesses on the maxilla and squamosal, owing to the absence of the 

 malar." 



Mr. Swinhoe, early last year, brought me for examination some 

 skulls of Manis flora Amoy and Formosa, along Avith the skulls of a 

 new deer and hare. I observed that some of the skulls of Manis 



