Aztec introduction of the great-tailed grackle in ancient Mesoamerica: Formal defense of the Sahaguntine historical account

By

Haemig, Paul D.

Type

Article

Date of Publication

2014

Original Publication

NeoBiota : advancing research on alien species and biological invasions

Volume

22

Pages

59-75

Subjects

Ahuitzotl , alien birds , archeobiota , cryptogenic birds , Exotic birds , great-tailed grackle , IAS , introduced birds , invasive alien species , invasive birds , Mexico , non-native birds , Quiscalus mexicanus , translocated birds

Contributed by

Pensoft Publishers

Language

English

Published by

Sophia, Bulgaria Pensoft Publishers

Identifiers

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.22.6791

 

Abstract

The historical account of Aztec Emperor Auitztol’s introduction of the great-tailed grackle Quiscalus mexicanus into the Valley of Mexico (1486-1502) is significant because it documents human translocation of wild birds in Mexico over 500 years ago, before the Spanish Conquest of that land. In the present paper, which defends the account from writings that dispute it, I first review the evidence of how the account was obtained and show that its many details are consistent with what is known from other sources about both the great-tailed grackle and the Aztecs (Nahuas). I then review and examine all published criticisms of the account and explain in detail why they are wrong. The critics have to date presented no persuasive evidence to support their speculation that the Aztecs confused, or might have confused, a natural invasion for an introduction. In contrast to these critics, Bernardino de Sahagún’s research group in the 1500s presented a highly credible, peer reviewed historical account that documented Aztec introduction of the great-tailed grackle. The pioneering work of these renaissance Mexican scholars continues to stand as one of the most important records of invasive alien species introduction in ancient times.