Culicine mosquito populations were studied for 1 year in 2 neighboring villages in Faiyum Governorate, Egypt. Dominant species in larval collections included Culex pipiens, Cx. univitattus, Cx. antennatus, Aedes caspius and Uranotaenia unguiculata; Culiseta longiareolata was less common. Culex pipiens accounted for 98% of 3,743 mosquitoes captured in human-biting collection (164 man-nights), 96% of 1,136 mosquitoes collected inside houses and animal sheds (396 inspections), and 98% of 15,000 mosquitoes from 22 donkey-baited traps. Adult Cx. univittatus, Cx. antennatus and Ae. caspius were infrequently captured by any of the collection techniques. Although larval collections identified 5 common species, only Cx. pipiens showed a significant association with the human population.