Living beyond the limits of survival: wood ants trapped in a gigantic pitfall

By

Czechowski, Wojciech
Rutkowski, Tomasz
Stephen, Wojciech
Vepsäläinen, Kari‏

Type

Article

Date of Publication

2016

Original Publication

Journal of Hymenoptera research

Volume

51

Pages

227-239

Subjects

Adaptability , Caves , continuous darkness , flexibility of nesting , Formica polyctena , lifespan , low temperatures , marginal habitats , scarce food resources

Contributed by

Pensoft Publishers

Language

English

Published by

Washington, D.C International Society of Hymenopterists

Identifiers

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.51.9096

 

Abstract

A unique accumulation of workers (‘colony’) of the wood ant Formica polyctena Först., trapped within an old bunker for storing nuclear weapons, is described. The source of the ‘colony’ is a large colony nesting outdoors, on top of the bunker. Individuals that have fallen down through a ventilation pipe are not able to find their way back to the mother nest. In total darkness, they have constructed an earthen mound, which they have maintained all-year-round by moulding it and keeping the nest entrances open. Judging from the huge deposits of wood-ant corpses in the bunker, the ‘colony’ has survived for years. Through these years, the mortality has been more than compensated by new workers that fall down during the active season of the free-living colony outside, and at present the number of the bunker workers is counted in hundreds of thousands. The ‘colony’ has evidently produced no offspring, which is due to low (though relatively stable) temperatures and scanty food in the bunker.