Revision of sinistral land snails of the genus Camaena (Stylommatophora, Camaenidae) from China based on morphological and molecular data, with description of a new species from Guangxi, China

By

Ding, Hong-Li
Wang, Pei
Qian, Zhou-Xin
Lin, Jun-Hong
Zhou, Weichuan
Hwang, Chung-Chi
Ai, Hong-Mu

Type

Article

Date of Publication

2016

Original Publication

ZooKeys

Volume

584

Pages

25-48

Subjects

Anatomy , camaenid , Gastropoda , land snail , molecular phylogeny , taxonomy

Contributed by

Pensoft Publishers

Language

English

Published by

Sofia, Bulgaria Pensoft Publishers

Identifiers

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.584.7173

 

Abstract

The camaenid land snail genus Camaena is widely distributed throughout Southeast Asia. Thirteen species are found in China alone. Among these, C. cicatricosa (Müller, 1774) is the most widely distributed species, including four subspecies, C. c. ducalis (Ancey, 1885), C. c. inflata (Möllendorff, 1885), C. c. obtecta (Fischer, 1898) and C. c. connectens (Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1906). The systematics of these taxa is revised herein based on comparative shell morphology and anatomy as well as analyses of DNA sequences of two mitochondrial genes (COI, 16S rRNA) and one nuclear marker, ITS2. We found that all subspecies form well-supported clades in a molecular phylogeny and are well-differentiated from each other by genetic distances that are consistent with amounts of interspecific differentiation. In addition, they clearly differ from each other in reproductive features. Based on these observations, we elevate all four subspecies to the rank of full species. Moreover, based on morphological and mitochdondrial differentiation, we describe a new species, Camaena poyuensis sp. n. from Guangxi, China. The new species conspicuously differs from its sibling species C. cicatricosa in having a larger and more depressed shell, a completely covered umbilicus, more or less purplish peristome, an obtuse angle at the junction of the basal and columellar lip, longer pedunculus of the bursa copulatrix, thicker epiphallus and penis, and short conic verge. Previous named species are also redescribed on their shell and anatomical characters, because the original descriptions are uninformative.