Liebetanzomyces polymorphus gen. et sp. nov., a new anaerobic fungus (Neocallimastigomycota) isolated from the rumen of a goat

By

Joshi, Akshay
Lanjekar, Vikram Bholanath
Dhakephalkar, Prashant
Callaghan, Tony Martin
Griffith, Gareth
Dagar, Sumit Singh

Type

Article

Date of Publication

2018

Original Publication

NeoBiota : advancing research on alien species and biological invasions

Volume

40

Pages

89-110

Subjects

Anaerobe , Fungal diversity , novel genus , Phylogeny , rumen fungi , taxonomy

Contributed by

Pensoft Publishers

Language

English

Published by

Sophia, Bulgaria Pensoft Publishers

Identifiers

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.40.28337

 

Abstract

An extended incubation strategy to culture slow growing members of anaerobic fungi resulted in the isolation of a novel anaerobic fungus from the rumen of a goat after 15 days. The novel genus, represented by type strain G1SC, showed filamentous monocentric thallus development and produced uniflagellate zoospores, hence, showing morphological similarity to the generaPiromyces,Buwchfawromyces,OontomycesandPecoramyces. However, strain G1SC showed genetic similarity to the genusAnaeromyces, which, though produces uniflagellate zoospore, also exhibits polycentric thallus development. Moreover, unlikeAnaeromyces, strain G1SC did not show hyphal constrictions, instead produced a branched, determinate and anucleate rhizoidal system. This fungus also displayed extensive sporangial variations, both exogenous and endogenous type of development, short and long sporangiophores and produced septate sporangia. G1SC utilised various complex and simple substrates, including rice straw and wheat straw and produced H2, CO2, formate, acetate, lactate, succinate and ethanol. Phylogenetic analysis, using internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and D1/D2 domain of large-subunit (LSU) rRNA locus, clearly showed a separate lineage for this strain, nearAnaeromyces. The ITS1 based geographical distribution studies indicated detection of environmental sequences similar (93–96%) to this strain from cattle faeces. Based on morphological and molecular characterisation results of strain G1SC, we propose a novel anaerobic fungusLiebetanzomycespolymorphusgen. et sp. nov., in the phylumNeocallimastigomycota.