Cryptic diversity in Lithobates warszewitschii (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae)

By

Cryer, James
Wynne, Felicity
Price, Stephen
Puschendorf, Robert

Type

Article

Date of Publication

2019

Original Publication

ZooKeys

Volume

838

Pages

49-69

Subjects

16S , Área de Conservación Guanacaste (ACG) , Barcoding , Biodiversity , CO1 , phylogenetics , phylogeography

Contributed by

Pensoft Publishers

Language

English

Published by

Sofia, Bulgaria Pensoft Publishers

Identifiers

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.838.29635

 

Abstract

Lithobateswarszewitschiiis a species of ranid frog distributed from southern Honduras to Panama. This species suffered severe population declines at higher elevations (above 500 m a.s.l.) from the 1980s to early 1990s, but there is more recent evidence of recovery in parts of its range. Here we advocate for the status ofLithobateswarszewitschiias a candidate cryptic species complex based on sequence data from mitochondrial genes CO1 and 16S. Using concatenated phylogenies, nucleotide diversity (K2P-π), net between group mean distance (NBGMD) (πnet) and species delimitation methods, we further elucidate cryptic diversity within this species. All phylogenies display polyphyletic lineages within Costa Rica and Panama. At both loci, observed genetic polymorphism (K2P-π) is also high within and between geographic populations, surpassing proposed species threshold values for amphibians. Additionally, patterns of phylogeographic structure are complicated for this species, and do not appear to be explained by geographic barriers or isolation by distance. These preliminary findings suggestL.warszewitschiiis a wide-ranging species complex. Therefore, we propose further research within its wider range, and recommend integrative taxonomic assessment is merited to assess species status.