In 2016, the type-material of ten of the 15 Brazilian land planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Geoplanidae) described by Schirch (1929) was discovered deposited in the Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ). Schirch only described the external morphology of these species, all originally placed in the genusGeoplana. By the 1930s and 1950sGeoplana itatiayana,G. plana, andG. rezendeiunderwent taxonomic revision based on the study of non-type specimens. The remaining 12 species also underwent a taxonomic revision but only based on the literature. Current names of these species areGeoplana goettei,Pseudogeoplana arpi,Ps. blaseri,Ps. bonita,Ps. bresslaui,Ps. cardosi,Ps. doederleini,Ps. lumbricoides,Ps. obscura,Ps. riedeli,Ps. theresopolitana, andPs. wetzeli. The speciesGeoplana maximilianisensu Schirch (1929) was renamed asPs. schirchiOgren & Kawakatsu, 1990.The present study reports a taxonomic revision of seven of Schirch’s species using type material, namelyObama itatiayana,Pasipha plana,Pseudogeoplana arpi,Ps. bresslaui,Ps. doederleini,Ps. schirchiandPs. wetzeli. Additional specimens of some of these species were also examined. Morphological data from histological preparations and from virtual sections were obtained through a non-destructive technique of X-ray computed microtomography (µCT). This approach resulted in the preservation of the entire body of at least one type-specimen of each species, and the holotype ofPs. bresslaui. Conspecificity ofO. itatiayanaandP. planawas confirmed, as previously reported in the literature. It is also proposed thatPs. bresslauibelongs to the genusParaba, while the other species should remain inPseudogeoplana, since type-specimens are either immature, poorly preserved or simply lost.
