New diagnosis of the genus Aphanostola is provided, and its position within Gelechiidae is briefly discussed. 19 species are described from South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Kenya and Ethiopia: A. acaciae Bidzilya & Mey, sp. n., A. morogorensis Bidzilya, sp. n., A. calderae Bidzilya & Mey, sp. n., A. kenyella Bidzilya & Agassiz, sp. n., A. kruegeri Bidzilya & Mey, sp. n., A. alternella Bidzilya & Agassiz, sp. n., A. antennata Bidzilya & Mey, sp. n., A. rooiklipella Bidzilya & Mey, sp. n., A. griseella Bidzilya & Mey, sp. n., A. centripunctella Bidzilya & Mey, sp. n., A. joannoui Bidzilya & Mey, sp. n., A. namibiensis Bidzilya & Mey, sp. n., A. brandbergensis Bidzilya & Mey, sp. n., A. aarviki Bidzilya, sp. n., A. africanella Bidzilya, Agassiz, & Mey, sp. n., A. emarginata Bidzilya & Mey, sp. n., A. melliferae Bidzilya, Agassiz & Mey, sp. n., A. maxima Bidzilya & Mey, sp. n., A. longicornuta Bidzilya, Agassiz & Mey, sp. n. A key to the species is given based on external characters and the genitalia of both sexes. Adults and genitalia of all species are illustrated.