DolichomitusSmith is a widely distributed pimpline genus with more than seventy known species. There are eight species previously reported from South America:D. annulicornis(Cameron),D. bivittatusTownes,D. hypermecesTownes,D. jataiLoffredo & Penteado-Dias,D. longicaudaSmith,D. megalourus(Morley),D. moacyriLoffredo & Penteado-Dias andD. zonatus(Cresson). In this paper, we describe five new species:D. mariajosaeAraujo & Pádua,sp. nov.,D. menaiAraujo & Pádua,sp. nov.,D. orejuelaiAraujo & Pádua,sp. nov.,D. pimmiAraujo & Pádua,sp. nov., andD. rendoniAraujo & Pádua,sp. nov.All have been collected in cloud forests in the Colombian tropical Andes. An illustrated key to the South American species of the genus is also provided.