New and poorly known “araphid” diatom species (Bacillariophyta) from regions near Lake Titicaca, South America and a discussion on the continued use of morphological characters in “araphid” diatom taxonomy

By

Morales Luizaga, Eduardo
Wetzel, Carlos
Ector, Luc

Type

Article

Date of Publication

2021

Original Publication

PhytoKeys

Volume

187

Pages

23--70

Subjects

Andean Mountains , fragilarioid diatoms , Morphology , South America , traditional taxonomy

Contributed by

Pensoft Publishers

Language

English

Published by

Sofia, Bulgaria Pensoft Publishers [2010]-

Identifiers

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.73338

 

Abstract

Based on two Andean Altiplano samples and on light and scanning electron microscopy analyses, we present six new species of “araphid” diatoms in the genus Pseudostaurosira, P. aedessp. nov., P. frankenaesp. nov., P. heteropolarissp. nov., P. oblongasp. nov., P. occultasp. nov., and P. pulchrasp. nov. Additional data are provided for four other known taxa, Nanofrustulum cataractarum, N. rarissimum, P. sajamaensis and P. vulpina, the latter species corresponding to a stat. nov. based on a variety of P. laucensis. Each taxon is described morphologically and compared with closely related published taxa, using characters such as axial area, virgae, vimines, areolar shape, volae, internal striae depositions, spines, flaps and apical pore fields, which are not usually used for species distinction within the genus. It is our intention that the detailed morphological descriptions of each taxon and the elaborate comparative tables we provide serve as a basis for correction of neo and paleo-databases for the Altiplano to produce a better account of autecological data and ecological change in the region. Some arguments for our continued use of a morphologically based approach are given in the context of rapid environmental degradation in the Andes and the difficulties in applying molecular approaches in countries such as Bolivia.