The diplopod tribe Brachyiulini is represented in the fauna of the Caucasus by eight genera and 32 species, of which one genus and 14 species are described as new:Colchiobrachyiulus montanusVagalinski,sp. nov.,Iraniulus tricornisVagalinski,sp. nov.,Omobrachyiulus armatusVagalinski,sp. nov.,O. fasciatusVagalinski,sp. nov.,O. faxiferVagalinski,sp. nov.,O. kvavadzeiVagalinski,sp. nov.,O. lazanyiaeVagalinski,sp. nov.,O. ponticusVagalinski,sp. nov.,O. pristisVagalinski,sp. nov.,O. trochiloidesVagalinski,sp. nov.,O. unugulisVagalinski,sp. nov.,O. zueviVagalinski,sp. nov.,Svaniulus ryvkiniVagalinski,gen. nov.,sp. nov., andS. waltheriVagalinski,gen. nov.,sp. nov.Colchiobrachyiulus Lohmander, 1936, a former subgenus of Megaphyllum, is here elevated to a full genus, and the genus Grusiniulus Lohmander, 1936 is downgraded to a subgenus of the genus Cyphobrachyiulus Verhoeff, 1900, bothstat. nov., with their previously described species,Colchiobrachyiulus dioscoriadis(Lignau, 1915) andCyphobrachyiulus redikorzevi(Lohmander, 1936), respectively, listed ascomb. nov.Omobrachyiulus brachyurus(Attems, 1899) is formally established as a junior subjective synonym ofO. caucasicus(Karsch, 1881),syn. nov., andOmobrachyiulus implicitus ritsensis(Golovatch, 1981) is formally synonymised with the typicalOmobrachyiulus implicitus(Lohmander, 1936),syn. nov.Omobrachyiulus sevangensis(Lohmander, 1932), originally described in the genusMegaphyllum, is here transferred to the former genus,comb. nov.The diagnoses and descriptions of some genera and subgenera are refined and complemented. A key is given to all genera and species of Brachyiulini that occur in the Caucasus, and their distributions are mapped. Several species are recorded as new to the faunas of Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, or Russia. The distribution patterns of the Caucasian Brachyiulini and their biogeographic implications are discussed.
