Anti-predator behaviour of Rhinella major (Müller and Hellmich 1936), with insights into the Rhinella granulosa group

By

Pedroso-Santos, Fillipe
Costa-Campos, Carlos Eduardo

Type

Article

Date of Publication

2021-9-23

Original Publication

Herpetozoa

Volume

34

Pages

195--200

Subjects

anuran behaviour , Bufonidae , Ethogram , gape-limited predator , Handling

Contributed by

Pensoft Publishers

Language

English

Published by

Sofia, Bulgaria Pensoft Publishers

Identifiers

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/herpetozoa.34.e66909

 

Abstract

In anurans, the different types of anti-predator behaviour have been documented in isolation, but some species have shown synergistic strategies in different situations. The display of these types of behaviour may be related to the types of predators in the habitat, which boost defensive responses in their prey. However, most reports are mostly opportunistic and punctual observations, not systematic. Here, we report the occurrence of anti-predator behaviour in the toadRhinella major(Müller and Hellmich 1936) (Amphibia, Anura, Bufonidae) in the face of different handling modes. Probably the disturbance caused by handling had elicited a predator deterrence response in the individual, causing it to rapidly exhibit such behaviour. These conditions are discussed along with an overview of anti-predator behaviour in species of theR. granulosagroup and we re-interpreted these strategies for two species in the group.